Similar Journals
HOME > Journal Current TOC
|
LARHYSS Journal
Number of Followers: 0  Open Access journalISSN (Print) 1112-3680 Published by Université de Biskra  [1 journal]
|
- ENHANCEMENT OF PHOSPHOROUS REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATER USING MURUNKAN CLAY
MIXED MEDIA
Authors: A.M.M. MUMTHAJ, D.M.S.H. DISSANAYAKA, M.I.M. MOWJOOD
Abstract: Phosphorous (P) in wastewater is a primary source of P entering lakes and streams, contributing to water pollution. Hence, it must be treated before being released into the environment. This study aimed to quantify the adsorption characteristics of phosphorous in a batch experiment using 5 and 10 g/l Murunkan clay with varying concentrations of PO43--P and to quantify phosphorous leaching and assess the efficiency of absorptivity of Murunkan clay in a leaching column experiment using a mixture of clay and sand at ratios of 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 0:100 as controls. Murunkan clay is a promising P adsorbent naturally found in Murunkan, Mannar district, Sri Lanka. The adsorption isotherm had a better fitted Freundlich model than Langmuir. Batch experiments reveal that phosphorous adsorption on clay increases with increasing soil-solution ratio. The leaching column test reveals that Murunkan clay positively impacts P adsorption, as more than 99.75% of applied P was adsorbed. Moreover, the maximum amount of Murunkan clay needed to adsorb 60 mg of P is less than 262.6 g, corresponding to a 20:80 clay‒sand mixture. Extensive research is recommended, as it enables scaling down the size of treatment plants, ensuring that a greater amount of phosphorous is adsorbed, minimizing water pollution.
PubDate: 2023-03-16
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- WHEN THE FOGGARA ENSURES THE WATER SECURITY OF THE OASES
Authors: B. REMINI
Abstract: This article evokes for the first time the water security of oases ensured by foggara. It was during our many visits to the oases of the Algerian Sahara that we discovered the important role played by the foggara in the rational management of water. During the period 1998-2022, surveys and interviews were conducted with the ksourian population, the owners of the foggaras and the elderly people who lived through the era of the digging of the foggaras. The consultation of the archives and the very rich data in information has been beneficial for our research work. The results obtained from this study are original. The oasis is one of the first regions on the planet that has ensured its water security thanks to foggara. This ancestral hydraulic system designed in a hostile region has allowed water to flow continuously in quantity and quality and without damaging the environment. This durable hydraulic structure that evolves over time is made up of two parts: collection – transport and distribution of water. The upstream part is made up of a ramified gallery network that changes each time there is a water deficit. The downstream part is made up of a triangular network of seguias, which divides the water into micro quantities. The water of a foggara is of very good quality due to its flow in the gallery of several kilometers and the absence of storage and stagnation of water.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- STRUCTURAL AND PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF NICKEL OXIDE (NIO) AND STANNIC
OXIDE (SNO2) NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED VIA SOLVOTHERMAL PROCESS
Authors: K. ANANDAN, K. RAJESH, K. GAYATHRI, M. MOHANBABU, P. PRABHAKAR RAO
Abstract: This work aims to study the structural and photocatalytic performance of p-type (NiO) and n-type (SnO2) semiconductor metal oxides via the same synthesis process and conditions. The structural properties of the synthesized nickel oxide and stannic oxide nanoparticles were determined by X-ray diffraction. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the stretching vibration modes of Ni-O and Sn-O bonds. The performances of the NiO and SnO2 nanoparticles in the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MeO) dye under UV light were evaluated, and the degradation percentages (%) were found to be 63.63 and 88%; the detailed mechanism of the photocatalytic process and results were comparatively discussed.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- DENSITY CURRENT SIMULATION USING THE CE-QUAL-W2 MODEL IN A DEEP
SUBTROPICAL RESERVOIR UNDER VARIOUS STRATIFICATION CONDITIONS
Authors: M.F. CHOW, F.Y. TEO
Abstract: Computer models are broadly used to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics and water quality patterns under various conditions in reservoirs. The accuracy and reliability of model simulations often depend on the input parameter estimation and the availability of observed data. In this study, the two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality CE-QUAL-W2 (W2) model was used to simulate the water quality and density current patterns in the Fei-Tsui Reservoir in Taiwan. The model was calibrated and validated with a 3-year dataset of reservoir water level and water quality data at different depths of the reservoir. Plots and statistical measures between simulated versus observed results demonstrated that the W2 model can accurately simulate both spatial and temporal profiles of water quality parameters in a deep subtropical reservoir. The water quality coefficient values obtained from the model calibration and verification in this study are smaller than the values reported for similar reservoirs. The W2 model calibrated using the high-frequency dataset performs better in the water quality simulation. The occurrence of different types of density currents suggested that the water temperature distribution in the water column played an important role in the pattern of turbid runoff. The W2 model is recommended to be further used to evaluate future management strategies related to eutrophication control.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR USING VBA SIMULATION CASE OF IDLES BASIN IN
SOUTHERN ALGERIA
Authors: R. ZEGAIT, H.S. PIZZO
Abstract: Flooding risk is a contemporary concern in Algeria and worldwide, especially in light of several recent large-scale catastrophic floods in several countries. In this context, protection systems against floods are becoming increasingly necessary for all actors concerned (decision-makers and technicians).The present work focused on a new program created in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to supply parameters for sizing a damping reservoir to control floods. This program will be applied to the IDLES basin in southern Algeria, where many devastating floods are known.The chosen approach involves the selection of the most vulnerable location for the flood. These hydrological flow data have been calculated according to the empirical approach producing a higher flow rate to the maximum permitted for the streambed, where flood routing is used to size the reservoir. The current condition was added to the VBA application after choosing the most intriguing location to locate the reservoir to generate scenarios and enable the selection of an optimal situation in light of the restrictions being put forth to regulate floods in the IDLES basin.A very acceptable and practical result is highlighted, indicating general parameters for sizing a damping reservoir to control floods in the IDLES basin; the results present a size of 2 km2 bottom area and 7.25 m in length, which can dampen a centennial flood flow of approximately 284.22 m3/s to 94.71 m3/s, i.e., a depreciation of 67%.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- EVALUATION OF THE HYDRAULIC AND HYDROLOGY PERFORMANCE OF THE GREEN ROOF BY
USING SWMM
Authors: C. BENTALHA
Abstract: In the last few decades, urban flooding has been considered a serious and unavoidable problem for many cities worldwide. Climate change and rapid urbanization have contributed significantly to the increase in flood risk. To reduce the risk of floods, green roofs are one of the solutions to efficiently control rainwater. Within this work, the green roof was simulated by using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with the Low Impact Development (LID) Controls module. This research aims to show the potential of green roofs for the reduction of peak flow and runoff; at the same time, the impact of vegetated roofs on drainage capacity is presented. Thus, the hydrology and hydraulic performance between extensive and intensive green roof types on the retention of storm water runoff are discussed.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- RESERVOIR OPERATION OPTIMIZATION USING ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION A CASE
STUDY OF MAHANADI RESERVOIR PROJECT COMPLEX CHHATTISGARH - INDIA
Authors: S. VERMA, R.T. SAHU, A.D. PRASAD, M.K. VERMA
Abstract: The significance of water resource management is undeniable, and optimizing reservoir operations for hydropower generation, irrigation, and flood mitigation is a profound task. To accomplish this, a variety of optimization approaches and procedures were employed. Ant colony optimization (ACO) techniques are employed in this study for reservoir operation, where a collection of cooperative agents called ants can achieve near-optimal reservoir operation. To use ACO algorithms, a finite horizon with an inflow time series is a primary assumption. The Mahanadi Reservoir Project comprises a multireservoir system, which makes the optimum operation complex and uncertain for such a reservoir. Furthermore, the ACO technique was employed to optimize the operation of the Mahanadi Reservoir Project Complex. Traditional water resource optimization models have failed due to the increasing number of decision variables and time constraints. The ACO model outperforms the existing operational policy, and the average percentage change in reliability, resilience, and sustainability suggests an increase of up to 12.79%, 3.98%, and 15.48%, respectively, while the vulnerability is reduced by up to 10.28%. Therefore, the ACO algorithm is a novel and promising method for finding optimal reservoirs. It is worth investigating for future applications in the field of water resource systems.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT RELATIONSHIP FOR THE SMBF FLUME
Authors: B. ACHOUR, L. AMARA
Abstract: The discharge coefficient Cd, defined as the ratio of the experimental flow rate to the ideal flow rate, is an important parameter. It is the ultimate correction factor for the theoretical stage-discharge relationship when it is determined on the basis of simplifying assumptions. To understand the behavior of the flow rate Q, the plot of Q as a function of the stage h is insufficient because the influence parameters are not detected. Plotting the experimental discharge coefficient against the relative upstream flow depth, related to the width of the approach channel, is the best way to know which are the parameters that influence the flow rate and hence the stage-discharge relationship. This can sometimes reveal the existence of unsuspected influential phenomena.Regarding the SMBF flume, the literature does not report any relationship likely to govern the discharge coefficient of the device. Studies have focused on the stage-discharge relationship without alluding to the discharge coefficient. The stage-discharge relationships available in the literature are of two types. There are formulas of complex form, totally locked, which do not allow any possibility of development or expansion to extract the discharge coefficient relationship hidden inside. There are formulas that are rather simple in form but require transformations to highlight the unapparent discharge coefficient relationship.It is the last type of formula that will be addressed in this study. For each stage-discharge relationship proposed in the literature, the main objective is to associate it with the relationship that governs the discharge coefficient and to highlight the influential parameters.The different models describing the discharge coefficient of the device will be compared with the observations available in the literature, and interesting conclusions will be drawn.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONE USING ANALYTICAL
HIERARCHY PROCESS AND GIS IN LOWER KHARUN BASIN, CHHATTISGARH, INDIA
Authors: T. JAISWAL, D. JHARIYA, S. SINGH
Abstract: GIS-remotely sensed data integration has advanced groundwater research. This integration provides a powerful tool for evaluating and prioritizing groundwater supplies. This research uses similar methods to map prospective zones for groundwater availability calculations in the lower Kharun basin. GIS layers were generated for data interpretation, analysis, and satellite picture conversion. The methods created geology, geomorphology, soil, land use, rainfall, lineament, slope, ground water depth, and drainage density layers. The MIF technique, which considers many factors, scores and weights the raster maps of these components to evaluate the data. To find high-potential groundwater locations, a statistical technique is performed on each thematic weighted layer. Four grades, extremely poor, poor, good, and very good, were detected in the groundwater potential zones. The study's groundwater potential zones improve groundwater resource planning and management.This study examines the Lower Kharun Watershed in central Chhattisgarh. The area's groundwater potential was identified using GIS and AHP (analytical hierarchical process) methods, which yielded accurate results. Potential zones emerge after sorting and weighting layers. The outcome is evaluated using CGWB drill yield data, and a groundwater potential map is created in GIS.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- INVESTIGATION OF HISTORICAL EXTREME RAINFALL ON PERMEABLE ROAD IN A
COMMERCIAL CENTRE
Authors: D.Y.S. MAH, A.S. DAYANG NUR HUWAIDA, F.Y. TEO
Abstract: Urban development areas, having greater impervious surfaces such as roads, parking spaces and building roofs, have an adverse impact on the urban environment, as they generate more runoff. This situation could even worsen during extreme rainfall events as it accumulates stormwater runoff more rapidly and causes the occurrence of flash floods. In this study, eight historical extreme rainfall events with rainfall depths between 40 and 70 mm were chosen to investigate the performance of permeable pavement as an urban runoff mitigation measure approach in stormwater management. A commercial center was selected as a case study, with a total catchment area of 3,425 m2 and consisting of double-row roadside car parking spaces with tarred surfaces covering 61% of the total catchment area. The front road of the shophouses was assumed to be replaced with a modular-based precast stormwater detention system, and a drainage model was developed to mimic the system. Simulations of the stormwater flowing through the detention system were performed with Storm Water Management Model version 5.0, and it was found that the detention system could endure seven out of the eight storms. The only storm that overwhelmed the system demonstrated an intense rainfall pattern that peaked in the first hour.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- TREND AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL MAXIMUM DAILY RAINFALL (AMDR) FOR
SARAWAK RIVER BASIN, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
Authors: C.H.J. BONG, S.C. LIEW, J.E. SIM, F.Y. TEO
Abstract: The Sarawak River Basin is one of the major river basins located in the southern part of Sarawak, Malaysia, and has experienced frequent extreme rainfall resulting in flash floods in recent years. This study aims to carry out trend and statistical analysis of annual maximum daily rainfall (AMDR) for 10 rainfall stations distributed evenly in the basin from 1975 to 2020. From the analysis, the AMDR records high variability for most of the rainfall stations, with the month of January having the highest occurrence of AMDR events. The linear regression plot of the mean AMDR showed a slight decreasing trend over the past four decades. The threshold rainfall value of 180 mm was used to perform frequency analysis, and the result shows that the return period for daily rainfall exceeding 180 mm was 2.71 years. The occurrence probability of the flood event at least once in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was 0.37, 0.60, 0.75, 0.84 and 0.90, respectively. A frequency curve based on the mean AMDR data with Gumbel distribution fitting was also developed from the current study and can be applied to the planning and design of flood infrastructures in the basin.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
- POLYMERIC HUMIC MATERIAL REMOVAL BY COAGULATION-FLOCCULATION
STOICHIOMETRIC DOSAGE ALUMINUM SULPHATE/HUMIC ACID IN SALINE AQUEOUS MEDIA
Authors: N. BACHA, S. ACHOUR
Abstract: The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the removal of polymeric humic matter during coagulation-flocculation and to highlight stoichiometric relationships between the coagulant dosage and the organic substance content. It is therefore a question of assessing the influence of reaction parameters such as the dose of aluminum sulfate, the concentration of humic acid, the pH and the saline composition of the water during the coagulation-flocculation treatment.To establish correlations between the initial organic compound content and the coagulant dosage, humic acid was dissolved at levels of 1 to 20 mg/l in distilled water and mineralized groundwater from the Biskra area at different pH values. Then, solutions were coagulated by increasing doses of aluminum sulfate. The organic compound final concentrations are deduced from the calibration curves, which were previously established for the tested compound in the various dilution media.The results obtained indicate that the process efficiency as well as the coagulant dosage depend on the pH, the organic compound initial concentration and the characteristics of the dilution medium. The findings also showed that increasing water salinity had a promoting effect on humic acid removal. The predominant mechanisms of the tested organic acid removal process were complexation phenomena or ligand exchange with soluble or insoluble aluminum species. Demonstration of the stoichiometry of the reactions showed that the relationships linking the dosage of the coagulant to the initial concentration of humic acid essentially depended on the pH and the salinity of the different waters tested.
PubDate: 2023-03-15
Issue No: Vol. 0 (2023)
