 Subjects -> ELECTRONICS (Total: 207 journals)
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- Using standardized uptake values in pyrophosphate imaging
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PubDate: 2023-05-22
- What is this image' 2023 Image 6 result: 18F-FDG PET in a patient with
cardiac sarcoidosis and hibernating myocardium: A case report-
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PubDate: 2023-05-19
- Review of cardiovascular imaging in the Journal of Nuclear Cardiology
2022: positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic
resonance-
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Abstract: In 2022, the Journal of Nuclear Cardiology® published many excellent original research articles and editorials focusing on imaging in patients with cardiovascular disease. In this review of 2022, we summarize a selection of articles to provide a concise recap of major advancements in the field. In the first part of this 2-part series, we addressed publications pertaining to single-photon emission computed tomography. In this second part, we focus on positron emission tomography, cardiac computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance. We specifically review advances in imaging of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, cardio-oncology, infectious disease cardiac manifestations, atrial fibrillation, detection and prognostication of atherosclerosis, and technical improvements in the field. We hope that this review will be useful to readers as a reminder to articles they have seen during the year as well as ones they have missed.
PubDate: 2023-05-19
- ASNC SPECT-MPI quality metrics: a race to the top
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PubDate: 2023-05-16
- Diagnosis of diffuse ischemia with SPECT relative perfusion imaging: How
to eat soup with a fork'-
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PubDate: 2023-05-16
- Ascites and liver cirrhosis diagnosed on cardiac scintigraphic imaging
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PubDate: 2023-05-15
- Improving evaluation for TTR amyloidosis by interactive filtering of
Tc-99 m PYP SPECT images. The role for “clean blood pool” imaging-
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Abstract: Background Myocardial imaging with bone agents such as Tc-99 m PYP and HMDP has assumed a central role in the evaluation of patients with suspected transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis. Visual scoring (VS) (0–3 +) and the heart to contralateral lung ratio (HCL) classify many patients as equivocal when mediastinal uptake is apparent but cannot be further differentiated into myocardial uptake versus blood pool. SPECT imaging has been recommended but current reconstruction protocols frequently produce amorphous mediastinal activity that also fails to discriminate between myocardial activity and blood pool. We hypothesized that interactive filtering interactively using a deconvolving filter would improve this. Methods We identified 176 sequential patients referred for TTR amyloid imaging. All patients had planar imaging, 101 had planar imaging with a large field of view camera that allowed HCL measurements. SPECT imaging was performed on a 3-headed digital camera with lead fluorescence attenuation correction. One study was excluded for technical reasons. We created software to allow interactive filtering while reconstructing the images then overlay them on attenuation mu maps to assist localization of myocardial/mediastinal uptake. Conventional Butterworth and an interactive inverse Gaussian filters were employed to differentiate myocardial uptake from residual blood pool. We defined “clean blood pool” (CBP) as recognizable blood pool with no activity in the surrounding myocardium. A scan was determined diagnostic if it showed CBP, positive uptake or no identifiable mediastinal uptake. Results 76/175 (43%) were equivocal (1 +) by visual uptake. Of these 22 (29%) were diagnostic by Butterworth but 71 (93%) were by inverse gaussian (p < .0001). 71/101 (70%) were equivocal by HCL (1–1.5). Of these, 25 (35%) were diagnostic by Butterworth but 68 (96%) were diagnostic by inverse gaussian (p < .0001). This was driven by a greater than threefold increase in the identification of CBP by inverse gaussian filtering. Conclusion CBP can be identified in the vast majority of patients with equivocal PYP scans using optimized reconstruction and can greatly reduce the number of equivocal scans.
PubDate: 2023-05-12
- Impact of change of ischemic burden on the outcomes of ESRD patients
awaiting kidney transplantation-
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Abstract: Background In asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) wait-listed for kidney transplantation (KT), it is unclear whether a change in ischemic burden on serial surveillance SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) impacts outcome. Methods and results In a retrospective cohort of 700 asymptomatic KT candidates with ≥ 2 sequential SPECT-MPI studies, we defined a significant change in ischemic burden between MPIs as ΔSDS of ≥ 2 points. Patients were followed for mean 19 ± 12 months after MPI2 for cardiac death or myocardial infarction. Between MPIs, 29 (4%) subjects received coronary revascularization which was associated with a greater incidence of reduction in ischemic burden on MPI2 (31% vs. 17%, P = 0.049). Among 514 patients with no ischemia on MPI1 (SDS ≤ 1), 15% had new ischemia on MPI2 which was associated with increased MACE (adjusted HR 1.75; CI 1.02-3.01; P = 0.041). Among 186 patients with ischemia on MPI1 (SDS ≥ 2), 66% had improvement of ischemic burden on MPI2 which was associated with significantly lower MACE (adjusted HR 0.46; CI 0.25-0.82; P = 0.009). There was no significant interaction between coronary revascularization and improvement in ischemic burden impacting outcome (interaction P = 0.845). Conclusion Among KT candidates who underwent serial MPI for CAD surveillance, new ischemia was associated with increased MACE risk. Improvement in ischemic burden was associated with lower MACE risk irrespective of coronary revascularization status.
PubDate: 2023-05-11
- Coronary physiology in the cath lab: is “virtual FFR” ready
for the prime time'-
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PubDate: 2023-05-10
- Pentoxifylline reduces inflammation and prevents myocardial perfusion
derangements in experimental chronic Chagas’ cardiomyopathy-
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Abstract: Background Myocardial perfusion defect (MPD) is common in chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) and is associated with inflammation and development of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that pentoxifylline (PTX) could reduce inflammation and prevent the development of MPD in a model of CCC in hamsters. Methods and results We investigated with echocardiogram and rest myocardial perfusion scintigraphy at baseline (6-months after T. cruzi infection/saline) and post-treatment (after additional 2-months of PTX/saline administration), female Syrian hamsters assigned to 3 groups: T. cruzi-infected animals treated with PTX (CH + PTX) or saline (CH + SLN); and uninfected control animals (CO). At the baseline, all groups showed similar left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and MPD areas. At post-treatment evaluation, there was a significant increase of MPD in CH + SLN group (0.8 ± 1.6 to 9.4 ± 9.7%), but not in CH + PTX (1.9 ± 3.0% to 2.7 ± 2.7%) that exhibited MPD area similar to CO (0.0 ± 0.0% to 0.0 ± 0.0%). The LVEF decreased in both infected groups. Histological analysis showed a reduced inflammatory infiltrate in CH + PTX group (395.7 ± 88.3 cell/mm2), as compared to CH + SLN (515.1 ± 133.0 cell/mm2), but larger than CO (193.0 ± 25.7 cell/mm2). The fibrosis and TNF-α expression was higher in both infected groups. Conclusions The prolonged use of PTX is associated with positive effects, including prevention of MPD development and reduction of inflammation in the chronic hamster model of CCC.
PubDate: 2023-05-10
- Combined evaluation of CAC score and myocardial perfusion imaging in
patients at risk of cardiovascular disease: where are we and what do the
data say-
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Abstract: Advances in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) over the last decades have led to a marked reduction in mortality for CVD. Nevertheless, atherosclerosis leading to coronary artery disease and stroke remains one of the most common causes of death in the world. The usefulness of imaging tests in the early identification of disease led to identify subjects at major risk of poor outcomes, suggesting risk factor modification. The aim of this article is to analyze the state of art of combined imaging in patients at risk of CVD referred to MPI evaluation, to highlight the present and potential features able to provide incremental prognostic information to help clinicians in patient management and to reduce adverse events.
PubDate: 2023-05-10
- SPECT measurements of myocardial blood flow and flow reserve: from
development to implementation-
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PubDate: 2023-05-09
- Artificial intelligence in nuclear cardiology: your crucial role in
transforming potential into reality-
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PubDate: 2023-05-08
- Are nuclear medicine images quantified in 2D and 3D equally
functional'-
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PubDate: 2023-05-08
- All that glisters is not gold: the elusive difference between statistics
and pathophysiology-
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PubDate: 2023-05-04
- Impairment of sympathetic activity in Fabry disease cardiomyopathy: A
further challenge for cardiac imaging-
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PubDate: 2023-05-04
- Adjustment of acquisition arc in cardiac malposition during myocardial
perfusion SPECT imaging: computer simulation based on deterministic
modeling-
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Abstract: Objectives To simulate cardiac malpositions, leftward and rightward shift and dextrocardia, and also to compare distribution of activity of septal and lateral walls of left ventricle acquired in standard acquisition arc and after relevant adjustment. Methods In this study, digital phantoms with cardiac malpositions are designed and procedure of acquisition of scan in standard arc (from right anterior oblique to left posterior oblique) and adjusted acquisition arc is simulated. The three situations of malposition including leftward and rightward shift and dextrocardia are considered. For all types, acquisition is conducted in standard and then adjusted arcs (from anterior to posterior and also from right to left for leftward and rightward shifts, respectively, and for dextrocardia, from left anterior oblique to right posterior oblique). All obtained projections are reconstructed using the algorithm of filtered back projection. During forward projection to obtain sinograms, radiation attenuation is also modeled by incorporation of a simplified transmission map to emission map. The resulting tomographic slices of the LV (septum, apex, and lateral wall) are presented visually and are compared by plotting intensity profiles of the walls. Finally, normalized error images are also computed. All the computations are performed in MATLAB software package. Results In transverse slice, septum and lateral wall are attenuated progressively from apex, which is closer to the camera, to the base in similar fashion. In tomographic slices of standard acquisition arc, the septum shows remarkably higher activity compared to lateral wall. However, after adjustment, both seems equally intense and progressively being attenuated from apex to base, similar to that found in phantom with normally positioned heart. Likewise, for the phantom with rightward shift, when the scanning was done in standard arc, the septum is more intense than the lateral wall. And similarly, adjustment of the arc renders both walls equally intense. In dextrocardia, level of attenuation of basal parts of septum and lateral wall is higher in 360° arc compared to adjusted 180° arc. Conclusion Adjustment of acquisition arc exerts perceptible changes in distribution of activity over LV walls which are more compatible with normally positioned heart.
PubDate: 2023-05-04
- Targeting atherosclerosis with antihypertensive therapy
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PubDate: 2023-05-03
- Difference in cardiac uptake between 99mTc-HMDP and 99mTc-DPD for the
non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis-
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PubDate: 2023-05-03
- Quantitative ATTR-cardiac amyloidosis SPECT/CT imaging: The time is now!
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PubDate: 2023-05-03
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