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Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we investigate the development of standards for technologies and work practices in a digital platform ecosystem. Standards are needed for technical and organizational compatibility across the actors’ different systems, technologies, data, and business processes. However, little is known about how actors achieve common standards in collaborative ecosystems where a clear platform leader is missing. Based on a longitudinal, qualitative case study of a digital platform ecosystem within the Norwegian aquaculture industry, we examined how the actors collaborated on building a digital platform ecosystem with the aim of fighting sea lice on salmon through standardization. We contribute to research and practice by providing a preliminary framework of four institutional work practices for standardization in digital ecosystems and three key lessons learned for guidance for practitioners. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract The IoT can help firms to innovate and to address new business opportunities. However, many companies face difficulties in developing products and services based on the IoT with a clear and valid value proposition (the core of any business model). Considering this, we aimed to answer the following research question: which elements need to be considered to define value propositions for IoT-based products and services' We used the Design Science Research method, developing a conceptualization that guided the creation and testing of a framework to support the definition of this type of value proposition. The framework was evaluated by 33 academic experts and practitioners and tested in four real companies. It addresses critical dimensions and elements to the value proposition considering affordances and constraints related to the IoT architecture to generate different types of values for different actors and the strategic positioning of IoT-based products and services. PubDate: 2022-05-16
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Abstract: Abstract Technological developments such as Cloud Computing, the Internet of Things, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence continue to drive the digital transformation of business and society. With the advent of platform-based ecosystems and their potential to address complex challenges, there is a trend towards greater interconnectedness between different stakeholders to co-create services based on the provision and use of data. While previous research on digital transformation mainly focused on digital transformation within organizations, it is of growing importance to understand the implications for digital transformation on different layers (e.g., interorganizational cooperation and platform ecosystems). In particular, the conceptualization and implications of public data spaces and related ecosystems provide promising research opportunities. This special issue contains five papers on the topic of digital transformation and, with the editorial, further contributes by providing an initial conceptualization of public data spaces' potential to foster innovative progress and digital transformation from a management perspective. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract Concurrent with the increase in organizations’ reliance on IT systems for conducting business with their consumers and partners, there have been increases in the risk and instances of security breaches of IT systems. As a result, a large body of research has been conducted to study the financial consequences of such security breaches in general and stock market reactions using the event study methodology in particular. Notwithstanding the significant contributions of the extant studies on the topic, inconsistencies could be observed about the existence and magnitude of shareholders’ reactions to announcements of security breaches by firms. As such, this paper addresses this gap through a meta-analysis of 63 studies (with a total of 20,936 instances of security breach announcements). The results suggest that a significant relationship exists between announcements of security breach and a drop in the experiencing firms’ stock returns. In addition, this relationship is impacted by the type of security breach, time of the security breach event, the country in which the experiencing firms operate, and the size of those firms. PubDate: 2022-04-29
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Abstract: Abstract While the majority of studies exploring online customer reviews in the light of intercultural comparisons draw on the theoretical framework of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, which faced justifiable criticism, we make use of Socio-Cognitive Systems Theory to illustrate how consumers from different cultures are cognitively processing information. By employing this alternative theory, it is shown that the (heretofore established) Elaboration Likelihood Model for examining online customer reviews does not serve as an applicable framework in intercultural contexts. Reviewing extant literature, we uncover incidents questioning the generalizability of previous studies on review credibility conducted among East Asians. Building upon a research model established at a national level, we interviewed Western (German; n=552) and East Asian (Chinese; n=585) consumers to analyze the intercultural appropriateness of the model. The results empirically validate the assumptions of the Socio-Cognitive Systems Theory, and thus, finds Chinese to perceive review credibility holistically, whereas Germans tend to categorize its antecedents for evaluating them separately. PubDate: 2022-04-28
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Abstract: Abstract Our knowledge on differences in business model characteristics of thriving and failing Multi-Sided Platforms in competitive B2B networks (B2B-MSP) and potential influences of increasing governmental involvement remains fragmented. This study develops a taxonomy to classify special B2B-MSP with varying governmental influence in the supply chain and transportation context, viz. Port and Cargo Community Systems (CS). Based on the classification of 44 international CS, we identify four archetypes using cluster analysis. The taxonomy provides practitioners with a differentiated view on the configuration options of CS business models including the involvement of governmental institutions, while the presented archetypes contribute an aggregated view of CS business models. The statistical analysis of our results provides initial explanatory approaches on CS business model dimension interdependencies, thereby laying the basis for a deeper understanding of sectoral and geographic differences of B2B-MSP and their diffusion dynamics as well as facilitating a higher contextualization of future research. PubDate: 2022-04-26
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Abstract: Abstract Benefits of electronic marketplaces across diverse, largely consumer-facing, competitive industries have been in the form of lower transaction costs, transparent price discovery, and improved coordination. This article explores the benefits of electronic marketplaces under oligopsony, which generally encompasses relational marketing as well. With producer – first handler agricultural markets as the context, the article draws from literature on electronic marketplaces, transaction costs, and seller-buyer dependence. Based on survey data, an exploratory factor analysis is conducted to understand the elements of relational marketing between farmers and traders. Subsequently, transaction costs of marketing in a physical agricultural marketplace are compared with those in its electronic counterpart. Results did not indicate significant reduction in transaction costs in the e-marketplaces. Reasons for such findings are logically deduced to be a consequence of opportunistic traders not sharing marketing-related information with farmers, notwithstanding dependence of the latter on traders for such informational needs. Implications for policymakers, third-party electronic marketplace providers are discussed for the specific context, besides indicators for similar other market structures. PubDate: 2022-04-20
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Abstract: Abstract How can and should the IS field best contribute to the Social Welfare Computing research agenda, which seeks to assess unintended consequences and propose better solutions related to the potential harms of digital business practices' In this discussion paper, we take Amazon.com, Inc. as an instance of a giant digital company and examine it structurally as a sociotechnical actor engaging in a broad range of digital features and business practices. The picture that emerges from this analysis (a company engaging in systematically unfair competitive behavior) is quite different from one derived from the IS literature about Amazon as a company (a technologically savvy and strategically successful player). This analysis is provisional and deserves to be reproduced, possibly by reassembling the IS literature on such topics as electronic marketplaces, recommender systems, and online reviews, into a specific profile for each of the digital giants. Regardless, the analysis is this paper suggests the possibility of blindspots in traditional IS research on digital business activities, and it offers some suggestions for future research on the Social Welfare Computing research agenda. In particular, IS scholarship should emphasize corporate actors in addition to isolated technology features and business practices. PubDate: 2022-04-19
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Abstract: Background There is an increasing trend for governments to offer innovative city services to citizens, as well as to communicate with them interactively and dynamically, through one-stop smart governance apps, which are the key to drive innovative governance models for future cities. Due to functional differences and complexity of smart governance apps, it may not always be easy for citizens to adapt to these new paradigms of interaction and services. However, limited attention has been paid to investigate the mechanism of citizens’ adaption behavior for these apps. Aim This paper aims at exploring the characteristics of adaptation behavior of citizens, in order to help better develop strategies for engaging citizens in using the apps. Method The present study conducted in-depth interviews with 23 participants. The findings are derived from the qualitative thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews. Results The findings reveal the adaptation and learning paths for digital immigrants and digital natives respectively when using smart governance apps. Furthermore, an integrative framework is developed, arguing that citizens’ adaptation behavior can be either positive or negative, and will be dynamically influenced by digital traits, app quality, sentiments, and task-technology fits. Conclusion The findings of the study will be of interest and importance to academics, policy makers, and practitioners who are keen to promote innovative service models through smart governance apps in future cities. PubDate: 2022-04-19
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Abstract: Abstract The omnipresence of digital platforms (DPs) across industries yields platform-based business concepts that disrupt the road freight market, enabling the digitalization of road freight transport management (RFTM). However, the data-driven service capabilities of DPs in supporting RFTM are manifold, and platform research provides opportunities to explore the emerging digital business concepts following the core process of transport management systems (TMSs). This, in particular, results from the side of road freight operators engaged in the transport management process that are increasingly forced to provide customer-centric RFTM via DPs to remain profitable and competitive within a fragmented business environment. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to explore DPs in the road freight transport domain to gain insights into digital freight services and support logistics companies involved in the transportation process with a novel navigation for the identification of required platform-based services. Following the grounded theory methodology, we present a morphological box encompassing 14 dimensions and eight DP types aligned to RFTM. We reveal digital services of DP visibility, optimization, and analytics. With the insights obtained by our research, we contribute to developing a comprehensive understanding of DPs for the enhanced decision-making of transport stakeholders in the area of digital transport management. Our findings provide an established theoretical research ground that guides platforms as markets for practitioners and proposes further research avenues for scholars toward data-driven and digitalized transport logistics. PubDate: 2022-04-18
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Abstract: Abstract This work aims to analyze the formation of the privacy paradox, defined as the difference between the declared intention about privacy and the natural behavior, in the consumption of wearables among the practitioners of physical activities by evaluating the practitioners' risks and benefits. Wearables are electronics that combine features of wearability and intelligence. It also analyzes the influence of the privacy paradox in wearing wearables and the moderation effects of demographic variables in forming the paradox. A quantitative approach based on descriptive research was used to collect questionnaires and subsequent descriptive and variance analyses. The results show that the frequency of physical activities, wearable functionality, monthly income, and sex influence paradoxical behavior. Furthermore, evidence shows that the privacy paradox influences the habit, with signs of reducing users' paradoxical situation. As a contribution, this work brings a more general formulation of the privacy paradox metric. The metric is formed of the latent dimensions "performance expectation", "hedonic motivation", and "privacy risk". This metrical composition in three latent perspectives allows obtaining a view of the contribution of each perspective on paradoxical behavior for different classes of consumers. In the managerial aspect, it is suggested that companies, through metric, can identify the paradoxical use of their products and identify specific dimensions to be worked by communication actions. PubDate: 2022-04-11
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Abstract: Abstract In this article, we explore the intersection between data protection law and consumer protection law in their application to data-driven business models that monetise attention and personal data. We approach European Union law from a constitutional perspective, as in addition to economic harms some aspects of predatory business models also pose a risk for human dignity, human well-being, social welfare and democracy. From a three-tiered model of information asymmetry, it is argued that there is a need to rethink consumer protection in order to restore some sense of equity in commercial interactions online. In that vein Social welfare computing can play an important role in combating superficiality and strengthening social cohesion. PubDate: 2022-04-07
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Abstract: Abstract Social Welfare Computing is an emerging discipline that seeks to direct technology to cause minimum societal disruption, and in particular seeks to minimize the harm caused directly by technology itself. This is markedly different from the better-understood uses of technology to create value or to address existing social needs. Innovative technologies that are widely adopted created significant value for their users; otherwise, they would not be widely adopted. Often the companies that create them obtain new sources of wealth and power, which inevitably lead to new forms of abuse of power and new forms of societal disruption. Societal disruption in turn requires social adaptation, including new regulations to influence the behavior of firms and to define and to protect the rights of individuals in the changed society. The governance of online business models is complex because regulators must meet the conflicting objectives of different segments of society, and because regulators must avoid imposing restrictions that stifle innovation. Social Welfare Computing seeks to guide social adaptation, combining insights from disciplines as varied as anthropology, business strategy, economics, strategic planning, and law. PubDate: 2022-04-01
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Abstract: Abstract Drawing upon the tenets of Relational Contracting Theory (RCT), augmented by Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Social Capital Theory (SCT), this paper seeks to determine the role of supply chain governance, composed of both upstream and downstream dyad governance for customized products within the network established by three-tier structures. The empirical findings show that supply chain governance within the three-tier structures can be composed of upstream and downstream dyad governance. Specifically, upstream dyad governance mainly consists of market and nonmarket unilateral governance, while downstream dyad is organized by the portion of market and nonmarket (unilateral and bilateral) governance. The research also demonstrates that both upstream and downstream dyad governance differentiate supply chain governance within the three-tier structure. Interestingly, however, a comparison of both upstream and downstream dyads shows consistency in regard to governance. Likewise, supply chain governance requires an admixture of nonmarket governance (unilateral and bilateral) to ensure the desired level of product customization. PubDate: 2022-03-28
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Abstract: Abstract Consumer-generated reviews play a decisive role in creating trust and facilitating transactions on digital platforms. However, prior research shows various problems, e.g., only a small number of consumers providing reviews, fake reviews, and inconsistent reviews. We use an experiment in the context of a restaurant booking platform to examine the impact of inconsistent reviews on the duration of consumers’ transaction decisions. In a second experiment, we investigate the relative importance of the review components in the case of inconsistent reviews. Drawing on the dual-process theory and media richness theory, we predict that inconsistent reviews result in a longer time required for consumers’ transaction decisions (H1) and lead to users’ transaction decisions being predominantly based on the qualitative component (H2). Although we do not find general support that inconsistent restaurant reviews negatively determine the duration of transaction decisions, we find evidence that in the case of inconsistent restaurant reviews, the polarity of the qualitative component is crucial for both the duration of the transaction decision and the decision itself. PubDate: 2022-03-18
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Abstract: Abstract This position paper discusses the challenges of blockchain applications in businesses and the public sector related to an excessive degree of transparency. We first point out the types of sensitive data involved in different patterns of blockchain use cases. We then argue that the implications of blockchains’ information exposure caused by replicated transaction storage and execution go well beyond the often-mentioned conflicts with the GDPR’s “right to be forgotten” and may be more problematic than anticipated. In particular, we illustrate the trade-off between protecting sensitive information and increasing process efficiency through smart contracts. We also explore to which extent permissioned blockchains and novel applications of cryptographic technologies such as self-sovereign identities and zero-knowledge proofs can help overcome the transparency challenge and thus act as catalysts for blockchain adoption and diffusion in organizations. PubDate: 2022-03-17
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Abstract: Abstract Dominant American online platforms like Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant have become Life Control Interfaces (LCIs), which facilitate consumers’ online interactions and influence what consumers do and do not see and buy. These platforms operate outside of EU regulation, and create significant costs for traditional European firms in a wide range of industries. These platforms can reduce firms’ access to customers, can charge for enabling access to customers, or can charge for access to essential data on firms’ customers. Since these platforms enjoy monopoly power there is little restraint on their charges, which indirectly increase consumers’ prices. We propose that regulators encourage the formation of a consortium to offer a single integrated EU-based Life Control Interface (EuLCI). This consortium would increase the number of EuLCIs from zero to one, and thus would actually increase consumer choice. We call cooperation that enhances rather than limits choice The Cooperation Paradox. PubDate: 2022-03-15
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Abstract: Abstract In the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), digital platforms have recently received significant attention. Although IIoT platforms revolve around similar business objectives, they address various use cases and, thus, differ considerably in their architectural setup. While research has already investigated IIoT platforms from a business or design perspective, little is known about their underlying technology stack and its implications. To unveil different IIoT platform configurations and better understand their architectural design, we systematically develop and validate a taxonomy of IIoT platforms’ architectural features based on related literature, real-world cases, and expert interviews. On this foundation, we identify and discuss five IIoT platform archetypes (Allrounder, Device Controller, Data Hub, Service Enabler, Connector). Our findings contribute to the descriptive knowledge in this ambiguous research field while also elucidating the interplay of IIoT platforms’ architectural setup and their purpose. From a managerial viewpoint, our results may guide practitioners in comparing and selecting a suitable IIoT platform. PubDate: 2022-03-09
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Abstract: Abstract Solving urbanization problems, especially in developing countries, solely through the adoption of smartness in urban areas is insufficient as urbanization is mostly driven by the wide urban-rural economic gap. To narrow this gap, the adoption of smartness needs to be extended into rural areas. However, studies in that direction are still lacking. Therefore, we developed a theoretical model that explains the determinants of rural smartness and its subsequent consequences on rural economic welfare. We validated the model with survey data from 179 villages in West Java Province, Indonesia. The results suggest that rural smartness is determined by the interplay of organizational, environmental, and technological readiness, and has a strong positive impact on innovativeness which, in turn, improves the competitiveness of the rural business ecosystem. This model can serve as a reference for further studies of rural smartness and as the foundation for the design of information platforms supporting it. PubDate: 2022-03-09
Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
