 Subjects -> ELECTRONICS (Total: 207 journals)
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- DESIGN OF A FOUR STAGES VCO USING A NOVEL DELAY CIRCUIT FOR OPERATION IN
DISTRIBUTED BAND FREQUENCIES
Authors: Mriganka Gogoi, Pranab Kishore Dutta
Pages: 469 - 482
Abstract: The manuscript proposes a novel architecture of a delay cell that is implemented in 4-stage VCO which has the ability to operate in two distributed frequency bands. The operating frequency is chosen based on the principle of carrier mobility and the transistor resistance. The VCO uses dual delay input techniques to improve the frequency of operation. The design is implemented in Cadence 90nm GPDK CMOS technology and simulated results show that it is capable of operating in dual frequency bands of 55 MHz to 606 MHz and 857 MHz to 1049 MHz. At normal temperature (270) power consumption of the circuit is found to be 151μW at 606 MHz and 157μW at 1049 MHz respectively and consumes an area of 171.42µm2. The design shows good tradeoff between the parameters-operating frequency, phase noise and power consumption.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- NEW APPROACH TO A DS-CDMA-UWB SYSTEM USING A PSEUDO ORTHOGONAL CODE (POC)
Authors: Kada Biteur, Belkacem Benadda, Ahmed Nour El Islam Ayad
Pages: 483 - 493
Abstract: Ultra-Wideband Direct Sequences Code Division Multiple Access (DS-DMA) plays an important role in the case of multi-terminal multi-application communications of UWB devices. In the case of UWB systems that exploit the injection of the pulse itself directly to the antenna hence the very wide bandwidth, generation of suitable DS-CDMA codes poses a real challenge. In this paper we will describe our novel UWB transmission which uses pseudo-orthogonal time code (POC) as DS-CDMA sequences. The suggested codes are unipolar sequences with chips that may be dynamically modified to target a certain number of users or applications. Our approach bypasses the modulations schemes commonly used on UWB systems. Moreover, as perspectives to our work, it would be very interesting to realize our new approach based on an FPGA circuit.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- FUZZY-BASED REAL-CODED GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMIZING NON-CONVEX
ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC LOSS DISPATCH
Authors: Shradha Singh Parihar, Nitin Malik
Pages: 495 - 512
Abstract: A non-convex Environmental Economic Loss Dispatch (NCEELD) is a constrained multi-objective optimization problem that has been solved for assigning generation cost to all the generators of the power network with equality and inequality constraints. The objectives considered for simultaneous optimization are emission, economic load and network loss dispatch. The valve-point loading, prohibiting operating zones and ramp rate limit issues have also been taken into consideration in the generator fuel cost. The tri-objective problem is transformed into a single objective function via the price penalty factor. The NCEELD problem is simultaneously optimized using a fuzzy-based real-coded genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed technique determines the best solution from a Pareto optimal solution set based on the highest rank. The efficacy of the projected method has been demonstrated on the IEEE 30-bus network with three and six generating units. The attained results are compared to existing results and found superior in terms of finding the best-compromise solution over other existing methods such as GA, particle swarm optimization, flower pollination algorithm, biogeography-based optimization and differential evolution. The statistical analysis has also been carried out for convex multi-objective problem.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- SPATIAL SPICE MODEL OF A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK NODE BASED ON A
THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR
Authors: Milos Borivoj Marjanovic, Aleksandra Stojkovic, Aneta Prijic, Danijel Dankovic, Zoran Prijic
Pages: 513 - 539
Abstract: This paper presents a spatial SPICE model of a wireless sensor network node that enables simulation of performances in the steady-state and time-domain. The model includes constructive non-electrical parts of the node and a thermoelectric generator employing the thermoelectric effects. The simulation results are compared with the experiment to validate the proposed model. It enabled the characterization of WSN nodes comprising different thermoelectric generators and heatsinks in terms of energy conversion efficiency.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- GREEN COMPUTING FOR IOT – SOFTWARE APPROACH
Authors: Haris Turkmanović, Ivan Popović, Dejan Drajić, Zoran Čiča
Pages: 541 - 555
Abstract: More efficient usage of limited energy resources on embedded platforms, found in various IoT applications, is identified as a universal challenge in designing such devices and systems. Although many power management techniques for control and optimization of device power consumption have been introduced at the hardware and software level, only few of them are addressing device operation at the application level. In this paper, a software engineering approach for managing the operation of IoT edge devices is presented. This approach involves a set of the application-level software parameters that affect consumption of the IoT device and its real-time behavior. To investigate and illustrate the impact of the introduced parameters on the device performance and its energy footprint, we utilize a custom-built simulation environment. The simulation results obtained from analyzing simplified data producer-consumer configuration of IoT edge tier, under push-based communication model, confirm that careful tuning of the identified set of parameters can lead to more energy efficient IoT end-device operation.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- EVENT-TRIGGERED SLIDING MODE CONTROL FOR CONSTRAINED NETWORKED CONTROL
SYSTEMS
Authors: Andrej Sarjaš, Dušan Gleich
Pages: 557 - 570
Abstract: The paper describes a Non-linear Control (ETNC) approach for constrained Networked Feedback Control Systems (NFCS). The real-time controller execution is implemented based on the Event-triggering paradigm. A nonlinear variable structure is used for the controller design. The nonlinear approach is based on the predefined sliding variable defined by the system states with a nonlinear switching function. The system's stability is analyzed regarding the evolution of the sliding variable. The Event-Triggered operation of the nonlinear controller is based on the prescribed triggering rule. The stability boundary of the sliding variable is subject to the preselected triggering condition, whose selection is a tradeoff of system performance, networks constraints and transmission capabilities. The main focus of the Event triggering approach is lowering network resources utilization in the steady-state behavior of the NFCS. The presented approach ensures a non-zero inter-event time of controller execution, which enables scheduling and optimization of the network operation regarding the network constraints and real-time system performance. The efficiency of the presented method is presented with a comparison of the classical time triggering approach. The real measurement supports the results.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- FAST DOA ESTIMATION OF THE SIGNAL RECEIVED BY TEXTILE WEARABLE ANTENNA
ARRAY BASED ON ANN MODEL
Authors: Zoran Stanković, Olivera Pronić-Rančić, Nebojša Dončov
Pages: 571 - 585
Abstract: MLP_DoA module, being an integral part of the smart TWAA DoA subsystem, intended for fast DoA estimation is proposed. Multilayer perceptron network is used to create the MLP_DoA module that provides a radio gateway location in azimuthal plane at its output when a spatial correlation matrix, found by receiving the radio gateway signal using two-element textile wearable antenna array, is on its input. MLP_DoA network training with monitoring the generalization capabilities on the validation set of samples is applied. The accuracy of the proposed modeling approach is compared to the classical approach in MLP_DoA module training previously developed by the authors. Comparison of the presented ANN model with the root MUSIC algorithm in terms of accuracy and program execution time is also done.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- DOHERTY AMPLIFIER LINEARIZATION BY DIGITAL INJECTION METHODS
Authors: Aleksandar Atanasković, Nataša Maleš-Ilić, Aleksandra Đorić, Djuradj Budimir
Pages: 587 - 601
Abstract: Verification of two linearization methods, applied on asymmetrical two-way microstrip Doherty amplifier in experiment and on symmetrical two-way Doherty amplifier in simulation, is performed in this paper. The laboratory set-ups are formed to generate the baseband nonlinear linearization signals of the second-order. After being tuned in magnitude and phase in the digital domain the linearization signals modulate the second harmonics of fundamental carrier. In the first method, adequately processed signals are then inserted at the input and output of the main Doherty amplifier transistor, whereas in the second method, they are injected at the outputs of the Doherty main and auxiliary amplifier transistors. The experimental results are obtained for 64QAM digitally modulated signals. As a proof of concept, the linearization methods are also verified in simulation, for Doherty amplifier designed to work in 5G band below 6 GHz, utilizing 20 MHz LTE signal.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- CHAOTIC SEISMIC SIGNAL MODELING BASED ON NOISE AND EARTHQUAKE ANOMALY
DETECTION
Authors: Leila Dehbozorgi, Reza Akbari-Hasanjani, Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan
Pages: 603 - 617
Abstract: Since ancient times, people have tried to predict earthquakes using simple perceptions such as animal behavior. The prediction of the time and strength of an earthquake is of primary concern. In this study chaotic signal modeling is used based on noise and detecting anomalies before an earthquake using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Artificial neural networks are efficient tools for solving complex problems such as prediction and identification. In this study, the effective features of chaotic signal model is obtained considering noise and detection of anomalies five minutes before an earthquake occurrence. Neuro-fuzzy classifier and MLP neural network approaches showed acceptable accuracy of 84.6491% and 82.8947%, respectively. Results demonstrate that the proposed method is an effective seismic signal model based on noise and anomaly detection before an earthquake.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
- PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF 10 NM TG N- AND P-CHANNEL SOI
FINFETS FOR CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS
Authors: Abdelaziz Lazzaz, Khaled Bousbahi, Mustapha Ghamnia
Pages: 619 - 634
Abstract: This paper analyses the electrical characteristics of 10 nm tri-gate (TG) N- and P-channel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) FinFETs with hafnium oxide gate dielectric. The analysis has been performed through simulations by using Silvaco ATLAS TCAD with the Bohm quantum potential (BQP) algorithm. The influence of the geometrical parameters on the threshold voltage VTH, the subthreshold swing (SS), the transconductance and the on/off current ratio, ION/IOFF, is investigated. The two structures have been optimized for CMOS inverter implementation. The simulation results show that the N-FinFET and the P-FinFET can reach a minimum SS value with Fin heights of 15 nm and 9 nm, respectively. In addition, low threshold voltages of 0.61 V and 0.27 V for N- and P-channel SOI FinFETs, respectively, are obtained at a Fin width of 7 nm.
PubDate: 2022-12-22
Issue No: Vol. 35, No. 4 (2022)
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