 Subjects -> ELECTRONICS (Total: 207 journals)
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- On Control on Integral Characteristics of Transport of a Medicinal Product
in an Organism-
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Authors: E. L. Pankratov
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
In this paper, we introduce a model of transport of a medicinal product in an organism. The model is based on estimation of integral characteristics. We introduce an analytical approach for analysis of the considered transport with account of changing conditions. We consider a possibility to accelerate and decelerate transport of the above medicinal product.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-05-04T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500278
- Fabrication and Characterization of p-Sb2O3:CuO/n-Si Solar Cell Via
Thermal Evaporation Technique-
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Authors: Ali A. Attia, Fouad Shakir Hashim, Khalid Haneen Abass
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Antimonous oxide (Sb2O3) has intriguing physical and chemical features that make it useful in various device applications, including solar cells. Pure and CuO-doped Sb2O3 nanofilms were prepared on glass and silicon substrates etched by laser using a thermal evaporation process in a vacuum, with doping ratios (0.02[math]wt.%, 0.04[math]wt.% and 0.06[math]wt.%) of CuO with a thickness of about 40[math]nm. The deposited nanofilms have no distinguishing peaks in X-ray diffraction analysis. Broadening of X-ray peaks shows the absence of long-range symmetry (either translational, rotational or conformational); as a consequence, the nanocrystalline structure is disorganized (disordered solids are nonamorphous materials that have lost their long-range crystalline structure). Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the surface morphology of the formed nanofilms showed that the particles were all about the same size and spread out uniformly. Atomic force microscopy scanning images showed the nanofilms’ homogeneous surface morphology with granular shape. The optical properties showed a minor increase in absorbance spectra with increasing CuO doping. Contrarily, the optical energy gap ([math]) was decreased by quantum confinement from 3.51[math]eV to 3.31[math]eV. As can be seen from the [math]–[math] characteristics, the solar cell’s conversion efficiency increases to 7.62% at [math][math]mW/cm2 with a filling factor (FF) of 0.198, an open-circuit voltage of 12 V, and a short-circuit current of 3.2[math]mA.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-25T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500230
- Impact of Ag Nanoparticles on the Spectral and Optical Properties of
Electrospun Nanofibrous Poly(vinyl alcohol)–Poly(acrylamide)-
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Authors: Maher Hassan Rasheed, Fouad Shakir Hashim, Khalid Haneen Abass
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Nanofibers based on the polymer mixture that was associated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) (50/50[math]wt.%) doped with different ratios of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were successfully synthesized using electrospun method, which was performed at room temperature (RT) and high voltage (12[math]kV). The products were studied using techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. SEM results show uniform structures and a smooth surface without particles visible on the surface of the nanofibers. Also, SEM images show that the average diameter of polymer blend nanofibers is 157.40[math]nm and decreases with the increasing concentration of Ag NPs. The small capacity of the carbonyl group to operate as a powerful electron donor for interacting with Ag[math] cation is shown by the fact that the FTIR signal strength decreases with increasing dopant concentration, indicating an increase in the basicity of the major functional groups. The X-ray diffraction pattern results confirm the amorphous nature (nano-crystalline) of the PVA–PAAm. The XRD results show that the crystallite size increases with the increase of the concentration of Ag and the peaks of weak intensity at a concentration of 6% agree with Ag in the cubic structure. Indirect allowed and forbidden transition optical energy gap values decreased with increasing Ag NPs content. The effect of doping on the other parameters (absorption coefficients, refraction index and extinction coefficient) of different blend behavior was investigated in detail which qualifies them for solar cell applications.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-25T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500254
- Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial
Activity Using Nigella sativa Seeds Extract-
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Authors: Thaer A. Mezher, Abdullah M. Ali, Ahmed N. Abd
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
In the most recent few years, there has been a significant uptick in curiosity regarding the process of manufacturing metal oxide nanoparticles by making use of the extract of various plant components. The generated iron oxide nanoparticles demonstrate validity for use in biomedical applications. In the work that we are presenting here, we use the extract of Nigella sativa seeds to carry out an environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis (Fe2O3 NPs). Advanced diagnostic tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation, and others were utilized in order to perform structural characterization on the generated Fe2O3 NPs. According to the preliminary findings, the particles have a semispherical form with an average particle size that falls between 15[math]nm and 20[math]nm. Phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols, are extremely important contributors to the production of iron oxide nanoparticles. Since the findings of the antimicrobial investigation were highly encouraging, the antimicrobial activity of the iron oxide particles that were created was investigated to see if they might inhibit the growth of specific bacterial and fungal pathogens.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-21T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500266
- Biological Applications of Aqueous CuInS Quantum Dots: Overview
-
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Authors: Ola A. Kamel, Magdy Ali, M. Fouad
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Quantum dots (QDs), a type of semiconductor nanomaterial, have drawn a lot of attention because of their exceptional optical characteristics and prospective uses in biology and medicine. However, the presence of heavy hazardous metals in typical QDs, such as Cd, Pb and Hg, has posed a significant obstacle to their use. Therefore, it is essential to look for a workable substitute that would be nontoxic and have comparable optical characteristics to the traditional QDs. It has been determined that ternary I–III–VI QDs are appropriate substitutes. They emit light in the near-infrared range and have adjustable optical characteristics. They are valuable in a variety of biological applications because of their optical characteristics and can be easily bioconjugated with biomolecules for targeted imaging. Therefore, this review concentrates on the most recent developments in the usage of aqueous CIS QDs in biological, bioconjugated with biomolecules, nanomedical and drug delivery system applications.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-06T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23300018
- Plasma Sputtering of Nano-CaTiO3 Thin Film Applied for Surface
Modification of Co–Cr Alloy-
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Authors: Samah K. AbdulKareem, Sami A. Ajeel, Murtadha L. Shaghnab, Safa Hammodi Lafta, Kahtan A. Mohammed, Rahman S. Zabibah, Kuldeep K. Saxsena, Manoj Kumar Agrawal
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
A biocompatible and corrosion-resistant coating was progressed by depositing a thin film of calcium titanate (CaTiO[math] on CoCr-based alloy substrate using a radiofrequency magnetron plasma sputtering process to improve the characteristics of the interface between the thin-film coating and the CoCr alloy substrate. In this technique, the best power was previously observed at 225[math]W to get good coating film deposition properties. This power was applied to a deposited thin film of CaTiO3 on a heated CoCr-based alloy at [math]C using an argon gas atmosphere with purity (99.8%) under vacuum 1.00E-02 Torr. Different deposition rates and times were used to observe nanofilm, the thicknesses of (50[math]nm, 80[math]nm, 110[math]nm and 140[math]nm). Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was applied to study surface morphologies. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to study the crystalline structure of thin films deposited. The Vickers Micro-Hardness tests were implemented on each specimen. Vitro electrochemical corrosion tests (open circuit potential, Tafel polarization curve and cyclic polarization) of the coated and uncoated specimens were done, to find the optimal state that gives excellent resistance to corrosion in a simulated body fluid environment. The results of the experiments showed that as the thickness of the thin films increased, so did the hardness measurements. An enhancement in corrosion resistance also was clearly observed at a thickness of 140[math]nm CaTiO3 thin-film compared with uncoated and coated specimens at other nanothicknesses.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-05T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500205
- Organo-Lead Halide Perovskite Materials CH3NH3PbI2X, X is I, Br, or Cl, in
Solar Cell Applications-
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Authors: Haider Abd AlKaream Taher, Ahmed N. Abd, Aqel Mashot Jafar
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The optoelectronic response of organic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) exhibits a variety of unique and distinguishing characteristics. In this study, OPSCs with photosensitizers, CH3NH3PbI2X, where X is I, Br, or Cl, are created using TiO2 as the electron transport material (ETM) and CuO as the hole transport material (HTM). The perovskite materials’ structural and optical characteristics, as well as the OPSCs’ ETM layers, are investigated. Next, the OPSC’s performance is evaluated. The integrated cell tester, which includes the I-V photovoltaic measurements system and the solar simulation system, was used to measure the I-V curves of the OPSCs. The photovoltaic devices with MAPbI3 as an efficient absorption layer had the best power conversion efficiency [math]. Measurements of the OPSC’s performance were tested at 100[math]mW/cm2 of light intensity.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-04-05T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500229
- Au Nanoparticles Angered with PVA for Nanocomposites Formation and their
Evaluations-
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Authors: Amer N. Jarad, Farah J. Hamood, Ahmed Shayaa Kareem, Mohammed Ayad Alkhafaji, Rahman S. Zabibah, Kahtan A. Mohammed, Kuldeep K. Saxena
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
This research aims to prepare a nanocolloidal solution of gold and gold capped with PVA by chemical reduction method by sodium tri-citrate as a reducing agent and using gold chloride as a source of gold ions in aqueous solution at room temperature (RT). The prepared materials were diagnosed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the elemental composition analysis by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), as well as the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The obtained results showed that the shape of the prepared particles is spherical with enhanced diameters close to 10 nanometers and with good scattering.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-31T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500217
- New MWCNT–Maleic Anhydride-Nonene-1 based Additive Material for the
Improvement of the Compressive Strength of Concrete-
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Authors: Elvin Y. Malikov
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The concrete strengthening additive based on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes was synthesized under mild conditions through a radical polymerization route by the reaction of oxidized nanotubes with maleic anhydride and [math]-nonene monomers. The nanotubes used as the main reinforcing component of the additive were synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) using Fe-Co/Al2O3 as the catalyst. The resulting nanocomposite was characterized by structural and surface morphological aspects via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR, XRD and Raman techniques. Investigation of mechanical properties revealed that the obtained nanostructure is an appropriate additive material for concrete strengthening purposes with about 51.3% strengthening potential.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-16T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500187
- Fabrication of Transparent Green-Emitting Plastic Scintillators by the
Modified Polymerization Method-
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Authors: Chao Fan, Jiayi Zhu, Yutie Bi, Hang Yang, Hongbo Ren
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The green-emitting plastic scintillators with high transparence, short decay time and high quantum yield were fabricated by the modified thermal polymerization procedure. The effects of different concentrations of primary and secondary fluorescent dopants on photoluminescence performance, such as fluorescence intensity, decay time and absolute quantum yield, were investigated through orthogonal experiments. The optimal formula ratio for the plastic scintillator was that the primary dopant concentration was 0.25[math]wt.% and the secondary dopant concentration was 0.03[math]wt.%. The photoluminescence decay time of the optimal sample was 3.37[math]ns, which was faster than that of EJ-260 (6.57[math]ns) and its corresponding quantum yield was 91.57%, compared to that of EJ-260 (98.59%).
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-15T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500175
- Double Nanoperovskite Heterojunctions Based on SI-Porous
-
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Authors: Kawther A. Khalaph, Zainab J. Shanan, Aqel Mashot Jafar, Falah Mustafa Al-Attar
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Solar energy is one of the main resources in our modern life. Photovoltaic panels are one of the most important technologies that make use of solar energy good because the photovoltaic cells harvest light from the sun and turn sunlight into electrical energy. This paper presents the manufacture of the solar cell from (Al/ZnO/perovskite/CuO/[math]-Psi/Al) nanostructures using the drop-casting method at a 70∘C process temperature. Perovskite (Cs4CuSb2Cl[math] nanostructures‘ structural, optical and morphological characteristics were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, UV–Vis spectrophotometer and AFM. This work generated a solar cell device with the highest energy conversion efficiency (12.49%) and filling factor of 33.7%, promising to create a high-quality polycrystalline crystal. In the current study, effective hybrid Pb-free Perovskite solar cells are explained and investigated.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-13T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500163
- Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin to Hepatoma Cells by Lactobionic
Acid-Decorated Dual Redox-Responsive Polyethylene Glycol-Doxorubicin
Nanoparticles-
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Authors: Yang Fu, Chaohui Ji, Zhiheng Ma, Defeng Xu, Hang Hu
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
In this work, we synthesized lactobionic acid-decorated diselenide-linked polyethylene glycol-doxorubicin conjugate (LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX) and prepared free DOX-loaded LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX(DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX) nanoparticles for hepatoma-targeted DOX delivery. LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX can self-assemble into nanoparticles in deionized water and DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles were prepared by loading free DOX into LA-PEG-Se-Se-DOX nanoparticles under sonication. DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles have high DOX loading content of 31.3%. The dynamic scattering analysis shows that DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles have small size (hydrodynamic diameter [math][math]nm), near neutral zeta potential, and excellent colloidal stability. The in vitro drug release study indicates that DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles exhibit dual redox-responsive drug release characteristics. The cellular uptake study reveals that DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles can be taken up by hepatoma cells by asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR)-mediated pathway. Finally, DOX@LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells as compared to LA-PEG-SeSe-DOX nanoparticles, underlining the significance of releasing free DOX for effective tumor cell proliferation inhibition. This work provides a facile and effective strategy for targeted delivery of DOX to hepatoma cells.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-10T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500199
- Studying the Optical and Structural Properties and Anticancer Activity of
New PVA–Fe2O3:Cu Nanocomposite Materials-
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Authors: Amer N. Jarad, Rawnaq A. Talib, Ahmed Shayaa Kareem, Jalal Hasan Mohammed, Entidar Jasim Khmees, Karrar Hazim Salem, Rahman S. Zabibah, Mohammed Ayad Alkhafaji, Kahtan A. Mohammed, Kuldeep K. Saxena
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the structure, morphology and optical properties of a newly developed hybrid structure that was generated from a Fe2O3–Cu–PVA composite matrix. Several methods, such as field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as absorption and transmission spectra, were used to investigate the samples. The addition of copper was found to have no influence on the crystalline arrangement of PVA–Fe2O3, according to the findings of crystallography. In the wavelength region from 450[math]nm to 550 nm, the produced composites exhibit significant absorption. It is essential that the region of shorter wavelengths experiences a steady shift toward the region of maximum absorption in these composites when copper is included. The transmittance of PVA–Fe2O3 is over 80% in the region of 600–800[math]nm, making it an extremely transparent material. Following the addition of 5% by weight of copper to the nanocomposite, the transmittance of the material dropped to 50% within the same range of wavelengths. The synthesized materials were put to use as anti-cancer cells, and they demonstrated a high level of effectiveness in the process of killing tumor cells, particularly the PVA–Fe2O3–Cu combination.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-09T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500151
- Electrodeposition of Cadmium Selenide Based Photoanodes from
TOMAC/Formamide Ionic Liquid System for Photoelectrochemical Water
Splitting-
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Authors: Yousra Litaiem, Donia Dridi, Bechir Slimi, Radhouane Chtourou
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The electrodeposition from room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) has recently come up as a low-cost technique for the growth of II–VI semiconductor compounds and thin films, some promising alternatives to classical organic or inorganic solvents. As a relatively new field of study, only a few reports exist describing the growth mechanism of electrodeposition from RTILs, especially for CdSe films. In this paper, a new electrochemical method has been developed for the deposition of Cadmium Selenide thin layers onto indium doped tin oxide coated conducting glass (ITO) using an RTIL and an Organic solvent system (Tricaprylmethylammonium chloride/Formamide). Structural properties of prepared films have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman analysis which reveal a pure cubic phase with the zinc-blende-type structure and typical peaks of nanostructured CdSe, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed homogenous and smooth surface of the deposited films. UV-vis measurements demonstrated the presence of direct transition with a band gap energy around 1.68[math]eV. The flat-band potential and carrier density values of CdSe thin film are [math]0.667[math]V and [math][math]cm[math], respectively, as deduced from Mott–Schottky studies. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) behavior of the CdSe thin film exhibited an enhanced photocurrent density at about 0.35[math]mA/cm2 vs. Ag/AgCl.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-03-04T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500138
- Structural, Ferroelectric and Magnetic Properties of NiTiO3–CoTiO3 Solid
Solutions Synthesized by Sol–Gel Method-
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Authors: Luong Huu Bac, Nguyen Thanh Phuong, Do Thi Kim Thoa, Nguyen Hoang Tuan, Dang Duc Dung, Tran Vu Diem Ngoc, Pham Phi Hung
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
The Ni[math]CoxTiO3[math] solid solution powders were prepared by an aqueous sol–gel method. The structural, optical, magnetic and ferroelectric properties of NiTiO3 were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, UV–Vis absorption, vibration samples magnetometer and ferroelectric test system. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that prepared materials were in a single phase with rhombohedral structure with [math] up to 1. The increasing Co content resulted in decreasing of tolerance factor and increasing of the lattice constant. The crystalline size increased with an increase of Co content. The optical bandgap value of solid solution increased from 2.23[math]eV for NiTiO3 to 2.36[math]eV for CoTiO3. The magnetic hysteresis loop results indicate that all samples showed paramagnetic state at room temperature. A correlation between magnetization values and composition of the materials was observed with magnetization values which increased with increasing of CoTiO3 content in solid solution. Ferroelectric polarization analysis showed that the polarization of the Ni[math]CoxTiO3 solid solution depended on x value and reached the maximum with [math].
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-25T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500102
- Laser Pulse’s Frequency Effect on Plasma Parameters for Titanium Dioxide
Produced by FHG of a Q-Switched ND: YAG Pulse Laser-
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Authors: Nisreen Kh. Abdalameer, Rafal H. Jassim, Eman K. Jebur, Sabah N. Mazhir
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
This work studies the relationship between laser irradiance and pulse frequency effect on plasma features of the TiO2. This target was irradiated by a Q-switched nanosecond Nd: YAG laser with the first harmonic generation (FHG) wavelength (1064[math]nm), laser energy 500[math]mJ, and pulse frequency ranging from 6[math]Hz to 10[math]Hz at atmospheric pressure. The Boltzmann plot and the Stark broadening methods calculated the plasma parameters ([math] and [math]. The findings were examined in light of the previously published experiments and theories, and it was discovered that they agreed with the hypothesis of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE); on the other hand, research was conducted on the other basic plasma properties such as the Debye length ([math]), the Debye sphere ([math]), and the plasma frequency ([math]). We observed that all plasma parameters are influenced by pulse frequency. The results clarify the linear change in electron temperature at increasing pulse frequency for TiO2 plasma. In contrast, the broadening of the line profiles related to electron density was evident with pulse frequency, causing an increase in electron density.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-25T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500114
- Identifying the Suitability of MoS2 Nanoparticles by Two Different Methods
for Photo Catalytic Applications-
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Authors: R. Leelavathi, K. Vivekanandan, V. Hariharan, R. Abirami
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
We report two different methods to synthesize MoS2 nanoparticles such as co-precipitation and sol–gel. The MoS2 nanoparticles were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray (EDAX). The nanoparticles prepared by sol–gel method had enhanced average crystallite size and better morphology at the nanoscale level for photo harvesting property. The synthesis methods of MoS2 nanoparticles are interesting which can be used to control the grain size and surface morphology of nanoparticles. The occurrence of indirect band gap of MoS2 nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel method causes efficient photo response activity provided compared to co-precipitation method. The corresponding photocatalytic property of prepared samples with Methylene blue dye under illumination of UV and visible light at room temperature clearly showed that the sample prepared using sol–gel had remarkable efficiency when compared to that of the samples by co-precipitation method.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-20T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500060
- Effect of Molar Concentration and Solvent Type on Linear and NLO
Properties of Aurintricarboxylic (ATA) Organic Dye for Image Sensor and
Optical Limiter Applications-
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Authors: Anwar Ahmed Fadhl Abodood, Karar Abdali, Abdulazees O. Mousa Al-Ogaili, Ehssan Al-Bermany, Khalid Haneen Abass
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Aurintricarboxylic (ATA) organic dye is a promising chemical compound candidate for several optical and electronic applications. However, this study aims to investigate the impact of molar concentrations and solvent type on the linear/nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of 5,5[math]-[(3-carboxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene) methylene] bis (2-hydroxybenzoic acid) organic laser dyes. Three molar concentrations of organic dyes ([math], [math], and [math]) M were respectively dissolved in distilled water and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature. The samples were investigated using 1H-NMR and UV/Visible spectrums. The bandgap ([math]) of ([math] M) ATA/water is 4.75[math]eV, but Eg of ATA/DMSO was 2.93[math]eV and 2.65[math]eV. The measurements were performed by employing a diode-pumped solid-state laser operating at a 457 nm wavelength and 112[math]mW of power. The [math]-scan technique was applied to characterize open and close apertures, nonlinear refractive index ([math]), and nonlinear absorption coefficient ([math]). The obtained results predicted that both the [math] and [math] coefficients decreased with the reduction of molar concentrations. Additionally, DMSO exhibited better linear/NLO properties than water. The results revealed promising laser dye samples for image sensor and optical limiter applications.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-18T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X2350014X
- Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Evaluation for Antimicrobial
Efficacy-
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Authors: Zainab J. Shanan, Sabeeha K. Shanshool
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
In this work, nickel oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using plant extracts of Camellia sinensis, Matricaria chamomilla L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso. and Punica granatum L. peel., with an evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. The possible mechanism of the formation of NiO nanoparticles mediated by plant extracts has been elucidated. Synthesized green nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV–visible spectrophotometer analysis (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Zeta potential (ZP). The crystal size of the as-prepared NiO nanoparticles estimated via the Debye Scherrer — formula was about (19.68–23.77) nm. Nickel oxide-mediated nanoparticles possess strong antibacterial activity (gram-positive and gram-negative) and fungi.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-16T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500084
- The Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Cellulose Extracted from Rice Husk
as Potential Resources of Biomass-
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Authors: Aryanny Nasir, Nadia Adrus, Siti Pauliena Mohd Bohari
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
Over the last few decades, the use of agro by-products as a biopolymer for various applications has attracted significant interest of researchers. Rice husk (RH) is one of the agro by-products produced abundantly worldwide and a great deal of studies in extracting and utilizing silica from RH have been reported but scarcely for its cellulose components. A specific study on the utilization of cellulose extracted from RH for the electrospinning process also remains unreported. Chemical pre-treatment seems to be the most crucial step which improves the elimination of the cementing components and exposing the cellulose for further applications. This study aimed to explore the potential of RH as a source of raw material to produce cellulose nanofiber. The cellulose was extracted by acid pre-treatment, alkaline treatment at varying sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations, followed by bleaching treatment with sodium hypochlorite for complete removal of the amorphous region. The resulting cellulose was characterized and the main properties (morphology and sizes) of the extracted cellulose were made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The findings revealed the almost complete removal of the noncellulosic components for the subsequent production of electrospun cellulose nanofibers. Therefore, the output of the cellulose from this underutilized agro-waste has commercial application potential that can add value and be further utilized for the electrospinning process.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-11T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500126
- The Effect of Atomization Force on the Structural Properties of NiTi Thin
Films-
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Authors: Worod Sobhi Thabit, Bilal K. Al-Rawi
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
A study using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique was accomplished by growing NiTi nanoparticles on glass and stainless steel 316L substrates. The effects of laser energy state of deposition on the granule size of the NiTi nanoparticle and the structural properties of its thin film were discussed. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the films prepared at 65[math]W, 75[math]W, 85[math]W, 100[math]W exhibited amorphous structures. AFM results confirmed that the thin films consist of evenly distributed spherical particles. The results also showed an exponential increase in those particles’ sizes.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-08T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500059
- Fe3O4@SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization
Prepared by Green Method for Iraqi Aloe Vera Extract-
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Authors: Saif Alden J. Mohammed, Bilal K. Al-Rawi, Raad M. S. Al-Haddad
Abstract: International Journal of Nanoscience, Ahead of Print.
In this work, a green approach was used to create Fe3O4 nanoparticles. After that, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate solutions were mixed with various quantities of Iraqi Aloe Vera gel and sodium hydroxide solution to achieve pH(8). Then, in the scale synthesis of silica-coated iron oxide NPs utilizing nontoxic and low-cost materials, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a precursor to silica. (UV–Vis), FT-IR, XRD, AFM, EDS, TEM, Zeta Potential, VSM, FESEM and VSM were used to characterize the as-prepared silica-coated (Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs) and Fe3O4 NPs. UV–Vis exhibits an absorption band in the ultraviolet region at approximately 300 nm in Fe3O4NPs and 310[math]nm in Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs, this means red shift occurs successively. Results of (XRD) and (EDS) analyses demonstrate that magnetite nanoparticles were effectively coated using this easy process. FESEM and TEM measurements demonstrate that the particle size of iron oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide NPs CSNPs increases before and after coating with spherical particles in form. AFM evaluates surface tension and surface energy. It is found that the surface roughness of magnetite nanoparticles NPs is 49.31[math]nm and root mean square (RMS) is 319.8[math]nm, whereas in core–shell it is 25.45[math]nm and 166.7[math]nm, respectively, it was raised in the case of the core–shell. This means decrease in particle size. Magnetic properties from (VSM) test demonstrate that the magnetization of the as-synthesized TEOS-coated magnetite NPs is lower than that of freshly created bare magnetite NPs, demonstrating the formation of Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs. The stability was around [math][math]mV, and the addition of magnetic and optical features improved their biocompatibility. The antibacterial activity of Fe3O4 NPs and Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs was investigated using the agar well diffusion method agains t Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive and Escherichia coli Gram-negative bacteria, which exhibited a wide spectrum of antibacterial potency inhibiting the growth of both Gram-negative (8[math]mm, 10[math]mm) and Gram-positive (7[math]mm, 12[math]mm), respectively.
Citation: International Journal of Nanoscience
PubDate: 2023-02-02T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S0219581X23500096
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