Abstract: Community governance quality is of interest to entire human beings across the globe, as communities are the very environment they are living in, hence deciding on people’s life quality. However, the approaches to an inhabitable community vary and the specific governance patterns of community often differ from country to country. Some communities exhibit strong favor for spontaneous order while other communities obviously result from certain deliberate plan. The list of cross-community difference can go on. No matter what kind of pattern a community has chosen willy-nilly, it is noticeable that the realistic governance pattern for a community to embrace is determined by many factors, such as residents’ mores, external institutions and historical tradition among others. To demonstrate the hypothesis, this paper employs a comparative case study of community governance respectively in USA and China (i.e., the city of Oswego, NY, USA and a few urban communities in China). First, a literature review is given on the significant approaches in China to improving community governance. Then, encouraged by the paradigm of social physics (that is a mindset about borrowing scientific principles to handle social problems), the authors choose fractal theory (especially the relevant concept of self-similarity) as an analysis framework to arrive at the conclusion that specific community governance pattern is usually not freely chosen but determined by the fundamental variables which the community happens to be embedded in. The method of analysis and its subsequent implications are expected to turn out useful in understanding and further bettering the community governance effect in future. PubDate: Fri, 21 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are construction workers’ most prevalent occupational diseases due to awkward body posture, high repetition of work and vibration. The study sought to examine the different types of ergonomic moves that could improve construction workers’ performance. Findings show that majority of the workers were males and their trade groups cut across different trade groups (masonry, carpentry, plumbing, and electricals). There was a scarcity of civil engineers and quantity surveyors in almost all the construction firms. The most influential factors that contributed to musculoskeletal injuries among construction workers were extreme temperature, static posture and exertion of force at work. These factors have contributed to the loss of concentration and absenteeism at work, which have also led to delays in the execution of work. Further findings show that engineering control measures should be employed, and training and education should also be given to workers to prevent MSDs among employees to enable them to work smarter but not harder to improve their performance. Employers should include education and specific task training in the company’s policy for all newly employed personnel. Workers should also be monitored to ensure that they take a recess during the day’s work. PubDate: Fri, 21 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Natural disasters occur often around the globe and result in significant loss of life and property. Over the last two decades, there has been a remarkable rise in extreme weather events that have the potential to wreak devastation on the planet. Frequently, disaster-affected regions needed to enhance their capacity for rebuilding, requiring more experienced and competent personnel to oversee the projects. Post-disaster reconstruction (PDR) is a complicated and difficult procedure requiring a variety of distinct and well-coordinated actions. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of disasters, analyse the problems associated with post-disaster housing reconstruction projects in India, and provide potential solutions. A standardised questionnaire was used to gather data from a purposeful sample as part of a quantitative methodology. The analysed data reveal that institutional procedures, rebuilding techniques, project execution, and stakeholder management all contribute to the effective implementation of post-disaster home reconstruction projects. PubDate: Sat, 04 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The article considers the dynamics of international merchandise trade of Latvia and Ukraine (volumes of export and import of goods) in 2005–2020 with the use of UN Comtrade Database. The volumes of export and import of Latvia’s main international trading partners are given, the shares of partner countries in trade flows in 2021 are calculated. It is determined that Lithuania occupies a leading position among Latvia’s partner countries in export and import of goods. Data on international trade between Latvia and Ukraine, namely export and import of goods in 1994–2021, are presented. It is determined that international trade between Latvia and Ukraine has a steady development trend. The main goods exported from Latvia to Ukraine in 2021 are presented, their shares in the total volume of relevant international trade flows are calculated. The main goods imported to Latvia from Ukraine in 2021 are determined, their share in the total volume of import is calculated. Services are not included in any of the statistics presented here. PubDate: Sat, 25 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Lightning safety in private and public buildings is a seriously evaluated issue that requires an appropriate and safe long-term solution to protect property from destruction during or due to the consequences of a lightning strike. Relatively easy-to-replace home appliances such as a TV-set or a vacuum cleaner, larger and more expensive appliances such as a heat pump, alarm system or antennas can be damaged from a lightning strike. The aim of the study is to explore the ways of lightning protection in buildings and to develop recommendations for its effective use. Lightning protection is part of a set of electrical assembly and fire protection measures of property, which are performed during construction or renovation of property and the installation thereof is determined by the regulatory framework of the Republic of Latvia. Over time, two types of lightning protection systems have been developed: the classic or passive lightning protection system, which, if hit by lightning, captures and drains the electrical charge generated by lightning to the ground, and the active lightning protection system, which attracts the electricity generated by lightning with energy generated by itself and then drains the charge to the ground. Consequently, both lightning protection systems can be considered to have their advantages and disadvantages, so it is necessary to assess the choice of the most appropriate protection system on a case-by-case basis, also taking into account the criteria such as the complexity of the building project, the size and accessibility of the protected area and the cost of each individual site. PubDate: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Financial and real estate crises have been the most prevalent forms of economic catastrophe over the past three decades. In 2008, India endured a financial crisis unprecedented in its history. Canada seems to be creating a real estate bubble recently; Bloomberg Economics puts Canada as the OECD’s second greatest housing bubble in 2019 and 2021. In the case of the Indian real estate bubble, the capital and large cities saw the largest increase in house prices initially, then comparable increase spread gradually to smaller towns and provinces. Thus, this paper conducts a comparative study of the real estate markets in India and Canada and presents a basic analysis of the Canadian real estate market based on the Indian experience with the real estate crisis. Specifically, the article explores the recent economic history and deduces the elements that contributed to the real estate catastrophe. After collecting data and gaining a thorough knowledge of both nations’ real estate markets, the article performs a comparison study employing indices such as the housing index, the corruption rate, and the Business Survey Index (BSI). The research indicates that property prices in Canada are projected to rise because of a significant association between corruption and house prices and a decline in the BSI index. The research provides some recommendations to avert a full-fledged real estate meltdown. PubDate: Mon, 30 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The tendencies of the development of real estate market could affect the tendencies within the real estate development. The development of the real estate market could be influenced by the variety of factors, depending on the economic system of the country and other factors. The aim of the research is to analyse the tendencies in the Latvian real estate market, by paying particular attention to its influencing factors and sustainable real estate development. The literature review, comparative, historical, statistical analysis, observation and logical access methods have been used in the research. The research provides an interdisciplinary view on the topic. Particular attention is paid to the case of Latvia. The research can be used to promote the importance of sustainability and sustainable development using different forms, mostly economic and environmental ones. Changes within the economic dimension, including changes of real estate market prices, and other significant aspects of real estate development can influence the sustainability of the real estate market in general and may affect the financial results of market participants. Thus, the research can also be useful for real estate developers for a planned, balanced and financially successful entrepreneurship in the changing environment. PubDate: Mon, 28 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The study is related to the improvement of the safety methodology for the application of dangerous chemical substances and the development of binding action and response algorithms for officials of the State Fire and Rescue Service, who first arrive at the sites of the event with the presence of dangerous chemical, biological, radioactive and explosive substances. The safety methodology is intended to quickly provide the primary information needed to the rescue team in the context of action at the site, which will allow for the possible negative effects and risks to the environment to be minimised as soon as possible and more effectively. The examination of the regulatory enactments determining the responsibility of the services and the regulatory documents governing action revealed the limits of the cooperation and responsibility of the services, as well as the division of functions in response to events with the hazardous substances as well as the assessment of the internal regulatory enactments of the services involved in cooperation, allowing for a better assessment of their resources and capacity in the event of an emergency. Also, the manuals, instructions and action algorithms of the European services were evaluated, which were taken into account, tested and used in cooperation between different services in the event of an emergency with dangerous substances. Based on the results of the study, an instruction was developed which included primary information necessary for the head of rescue works, in the context of action at the site, which would allow for the earliest and more efficient reduction of the potential adverse effects and risks to the environment caused by the event. The instruction will be included in the training course programme for the preparedness of fire rescuers and future rescue managers, which will significantly facilitate not only the implementation of the work process but also improve the quality of the training process of the College of Fire Safety and Civil Protection according to modern competencies. PubDate: Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The goal of any real estate investor is to maximize return. This can be achieved through the generation of rental income. Thus, it is pertinent that the nature and characteristics of rental value are understood by investors to enhance real estate market penetration. This study examined commercial real estate rental variation in Ilorin, Nigeria, with specific focus on commercial complexes. For data collection, the study area was delineated into three commercial zones. Primary data for the study were collected from occupiers of commercial complexes and property valuers operating within these areas through structured questionnaire, based on purposive sampling technique. The study utilised an analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique to analyse the variation in rental values of commercial complexes in the study area. Results of data analysis revealed a statistically significant variation in rental values of commercial complexes in the study area (F ꞊ 16.70809, p ≤ 0.05) and an increasing trend of the rental values over the years under study as indicated by the rental index. This variation is perceived to be caused by the safety and quality of location, building visibility and lease term (RII ꞊ 0.97, 0.93 and 0.88, respectively). The study recommends that real estate investors should consider these factors when investing in commercial complexes across the commercial zones in Ilorin. PubDate: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The construction industry is known for its task-related risks and hazards contributing to occupational stress and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The study sought to identify the impact of MSDs among concrete mixer operators and workers in the construction industry in the Central Region of Ghana. The population for the study was made up of 28 concrete mixer operators and 187 workers. Out of the 215 questionnaires administered, 206 questionnaires were returned which represented 95.8 % of the response rate. Descriptive statistics and Relative Importance Index (RII) were used for the data analysis. Findings show that most of the workers were young males and worked for a longer period a day. Force movement, repetition, awkward bending and fixed body postures were the major factors leading to the development of MSDs and contributed to frequent absenteeism and poor performance of workers. Further findings show that back pain, waist pain and shoulder pain were the major self-reported MSD complaints. Risk assessment should be conducted on all site hazards and ergonomic tools/equipment should be introduced to reduce the impact of MSDs on workers. PubDate: Tue, 02 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: As a result of the rapid development of the construction industry, in recent years, research has increasingly used system dynamics (SD) modelling to determine the positive and negative causal feedback in various management processes. Given SD diverse approach to the management of construction companies and projects, it would be necessary to develop a framework for a system dynamics model (SDM) incorporating the main processes of the Baltic States by identifying and providing a systematic understanding of their distribution. Using literature analysis, this study provides the results of 79 selected scientific literature sources from 1991 to 2020. The obtained information is structured according to the annual volume of publications, country of affiliation, the most successful authors and the most popular scientific journals on the topic of the SD. With the assistance of bibliometric analysis and co-occurrence of keywords, system dynamics management processes in construction companies were structured, choosing the following separate elements: (1) project planning, (2) project management, (3) risk management, (4) project performance, (5) project productivity, (6) sustainability. Using a systematic approach, according to the framework of the model, the characteristics of each management process were classified and identified, dividing them into subgroups. The results of the analysis show that the overview of some SD components or processes is mostly provided, which emphasises its aspects and usability in company management, thus indicating the need to identify the framework of the process module. The introduction of the SD process framework in the company would gradually create a competitive advantage in market conditions. PubDate: Mon, 06 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The construction industry forms an important part of any economy, and development of the construction industry could be of high significance for economic development. The construction industry includes the production of construction objects, consumption of resources, investment that contribute to the creation of employment places and also to the economic development of Sri Lanka. The aim of the research is to analyse the development trends of the construction industry and its interconnection with economic development in Sri Lanka. Particular focus of the research is placed on interconnection between the construction industry and economic development. Historical analysis, logical access and other methods have been used in the research. The analysis includes theoretical and practical aspects: actual tendencies and historical overview. PubDate: Mon, 16 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: In Costa Rica, a land tax valuation model provided by the Technical Standardization Body (ONT) of the Ministry of Finance is used. This model considers homogeneous areas that include properties with similar characteristics and review factors that have not been recently updated. The objective of this article is to determine the effect of the distance to the train station and mobile coverage on the value of land in Oreamuno, Costa Rica, as a proposal to be included in the mass valuation model of the ONT. A multiple regression econometric model was used to establish the functional relationship between the value of the property and its characteristics, through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, using 10 variables applied to 200 references initially. The results allow demonstrating that other variables such as “Distance to the train station” and “Mobile coverage” are representative for determining the value of properties, in addition to those commonly used by the ONT model. The research allows concluding that the land valuation models should be updated periodically and should include variables related to improvements in technology and access roads, since these increase the market value of properties and improve the social development of localities in study. PubDate: Fri, 06 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Purpose: The process of housing delivery all over the world is confronted by multiple barriers resulting in houses that are short of clients’ expectations in terms of quality and overall standards. The inability of the house builders (contractors) to deliver quality housing normally occurs due to non-conformance to quality assurance principles and non-adherence to the key quality indicators. An assessment of recent developments and actions in the building industry that might help mitigate the identified barriers has been made in this study. Hence, skilful application of quality assurance principles to overcome quality barriers in housing delivery is essential. Methodology: The study has employed quantitative methods of data collection. Closed-ended questionnaires have been prepared and administered to building contractors in Akure, Nigeria. The collected quantitative data have been analysed with the aid of SPSS software, version 27. The results have been accordingly reported to ascertain the level of commitment made by building contractors on ensuring quality in housing delivery in Akure. Findings: Findings have revealed that building contractors are well conversant and knowledgeable about the probable benefits of implementing quality assurance in the housing delivery process. There are, however, obvious challenges and serious barriers that are militating against effective implementation of quality assurance measures in the housing delivery process such as engaging unskilled labour force. Recommendation: The study recommends that a pre-assessment of the workforce be made to establish their level of knowledge and competencies on quality assurance management principles. Originality and value: Creation of “quality assurance consciousness” for the housing industry will result in quality housing delivery to the satisfaction of all end users and the general public. PubDate: Mon, 18 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The object of the research focuses on the use and application of the management reserves and contingencies of the hierarchical structure of the Earned Value Management System framework. The study explores logical failures of the method, which do not seem to have been recorded in the international literature. These failures do not seem to have been perceived, although they relate to variables that they identify and must ensure the accuracy of the results of the method, in the way this method is executed in application of EVMS standard/EIA 748. The derived failure of these variables leads to incorrect qualitative and quantitative calculation of Earned Value Method (EVM) calculations. Spoiled results in terms of the accuracy of their algebraic prices lead to erroneous and possibly more costly decisions by the actors in the production process; especially when it comes to borderline situations. Because of these failures, both the on-schedule handover time and the size of the expected rate of profit (IRR) on the part of the entrepreneur do not seem to be accurately predicted or measured at the end of the production process/handover. The cause is structural. It derives from the logic and the correlation of the individual components of Budget Element hierarchy. The study focuses on the logical contradictions and conceptual failures of the method. The author aims to highlight these specific failures with the purpose of achieving more effectively the uncertainty management and determining more accurately the risk algebraic value. Henceforth, the user is provided with an improved ability to manage the resources of the construction. This is ensured by the scientifically more accurately documented measurement of the production time and the construction cost of the technical project. PubDate: Tue, 05 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Due to the current rapid economic development, all walks of life have also achieved considerable development. Among them, the construction industry is particularly prominent. In the process of modern city construction, high-rise and super high-rise buildings are more and more common. As we can see, there are a lot of accidents happening at the construction site. In order to find the CSFs for safety management, the author uses SPSS software to collect the data from survey and then performs an analysis. This way, the key factors have been found to affect the safety management. In the meantime, the case study is used to verify the key factors and get the correlation between different CSFs. In order to reduce the possibilities of safety problems at construction sites and propose some suggestions to existing problems, the author combines the current situation and CSFs. The aim of the article is to help companies manage construction sites more efficiently, thus promoting the healthy development of the construction industry in Poland. PubDate: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Land speculation is a form of investment for future gain in form of appreciation in land value. Previous studies on land speculation have failed to examine the operations of land speculators but rather focused on negative impact of land speculation. This study fills this gap by evaluating the operation of land speculators. A hypothesis is tested in addition to four specific objectives. The 21 land speculators with physical presence in five local governments neighbouring Lagos State, Nigeria, have been surveyed using questionnaires. Data gathered have been analysed using frequency distribution table, relative importance index (RII), ranking and linear regression. Findings of the study reveal that family is the major source of land acquisition. Also, land speculation activity is not regulated in the study area. The study reveals that the majority of the speculated land is not covered by a state recognised title. The most prevalent activity of the land speculators in the study area is apportioning land into plot with RII of 0.962. Also, land speculation is mostly financed using equity with RII of 0.895. Profiteering from business is the highest ranked motivation with RII of 0.914. The highest ranked perceived consequence from land speculator’s perspective is an increase in land price with RII of 0.914. The study hypothesis H0 stating that there is no significant impact of land speculation on land accessibility has been rejected and an alternate hypothesis has been accepted as it has been established that land speculation has a significant impact on land accessibility which means that land speculation is a major hindrance to land accessibility. Assessment of land speculator’s operation reveals their awareness of the negative consequences of their actions. However, they are motivated by anticipated proceeds from the venture. PubDate: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: Population growth has increased climate impact and it is one of the reasons for the conception of sustainable management. Sustainability management has become an integral part of the business environment and decision-making processes. It is important to mention that construction sectors represent one of the main polluters. This article introduces the path for Costa Rica in the last five years in terms of development and the increasing number of companies with green building certification. Interviewing the professionals with vast experience in the sustainable sector is the tool used to compile the current situation of Costa Rica and the journey through this path as a pioneer in Latin America and the Caribbean. The study explores the situation lived by the companies in Costa Rica to set their projects according to the regulations established by the authorities in the sustainable management field and examines the position of the governmental authorities as a barrier or a facilitator. Therefore, this article aims to contribute to the discussion about the status of sustainability management in Costa Rica in the last five years as the scope of the investigation. PubDate: Sun, 27 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The topic is related to the need for housing as a social need for every member of society and its inaccessibility, mainly due to lack of finance. Housing affordability is a concept that indicates whether households are able to purchase or rent a home, maintain it and cover other non-housing expenses. Housing is one of the most important basic human values, but in the housing market, young households, whose incomes tend to be lower and more volatile, often face difficulties in finding affordable housing. For this reason, young adults are often considered high-risk tenants. Uncertainty in the rental market, restrictions on buying a home, and financial difficulties have a significant impact on young people’s ability to buy or rent their own home and often lead to short-term renting and regular housing changes. Various events that have a significant impact on the national economy, e.g., the financial crisis, have affected all the population in different countries over time, but it is believed that these events have had the most significant impact on young people’s living standards and on the level of housing affordability for youth. Therefore, it has been decided to evaluate the economic situation in the European Union, to analyse the socio-economic indicators for young people aged 20 to 34 years, and to study the concept of housing affordability both in Latvia and in the EU. The goal of the research is to analyse the possibilities of increasing the housing affordability for youth. PubDate: Mon, 24 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT
Abstract: The management of federal universities in Nigeria has not taken the issue of students’ housing provision as a priority. Hence, demand for on-campus housing accommodations far exceeds the supply and this resulted in the majority of the students living in private residences characterised by poor facilities. This study, therefore, assessed the housing quality and facilities in the undergraduate student’s hostels at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria to investigate its suitability for learning and research. A simple random sampling technique was used for the study. Data were collated from both primary and secondary sources. The data collected were analysed using frequency tables and weighted mean scores for estimating the Housing Quality Indices (HQI) according to a 5-point Likert scale. The academic performance of the occupants before and after moving to the university hostel was equally investigated using a regression analysis to test if a relationship exists among the housing quality, the quality of facilities provided and the academic performances of the students. The result revealed a positive relationship between the academic performance of the students and the quality of housing facilities. A comprehensive maintenance programme of the students’ accommodation within the university campus is recommended for higher academic performance. The study contributes to the body of knowledge in academic performance of students, developing and managing students’ accommodation quality at higher education institutions. PubDate: Wed, 24 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT
Open Access journal
[389 journals]
