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Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.257  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 8  Hybrid journal * Containing 13  Open Access article(s) in this issue *ISSN (Print) 2044-1266 - ISSN (Online) 2044-1274 Published by Emerald  [362 journals]
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- Industrial heritage identification process in North Africa:
19th and 20th century flour mills in Algeria-
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Authors: Abdelhamid Hati, Amina Abdessemed-Foufa
Abstract: The protection of industrial heritage emerged as a major concern when those buildings and installations representative of the industry, became at risk. North Africa, considered the geographical gateway to European countries, experienced enormous industrial activity during the French colonial era. Industrial buildings such as the flour mills, were built during this era of colonial rule. Today, a lack of legislation concerning industrial heritage has left this type of buildings with no protection, leading this paper to a preservation process. The aim of this paper is to locate and identify the flour mills of the 19th and 20th centuries in Algeria. This research consists of cross-referencing data from archived documents against the geographical location. The results obtained are the first step in the process of preservation. The success of this research can be summarized as follows: identification of 88.46% of the flour mills in Algeria by means of the inventory data collected, and their location, with the use of a crisp logic, the remaining 9.62% with the use of fuzzy logic by the attribution of a “fuzzy radius” with a total localization and identification of 98.08%. The use of both crisp (Boolean) and fuzzy logic as part of the geographical localization method.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-30
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0040
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- The “Venice syndrome” in Tallinn Old Town
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Authors: Triin Talk, Liis Ojamäe, Katrin Paadam, Riin Alatalu
Abstract: The article aims to elucidate the impact that neoliberal tourism development has had on the living environment of the Old Town of Tallinn through the perceptions of residents and property owners. This article's empirical analysis is based on a sociological survey conducted amongst 338 residents and property owners of Tallinn Old Town. The research showed quite low tourism tolerance amongst the residents of Tallinn Old Town, the host community, in comparison to the city's residents in general. Half of the residents estimated the tourism load to be too heavy during the high season before the pandemic. The differences in perceptions based on geographical location indicated that people who lived in the most touristic areas of the Old Town were more critical about all aspects about their living environment. The article provides a detailed insight into the social impact of tourism in a historical urban area, where the post-socialist neoliberal context has enabled unrestricted tourism growth and increasing vulnerability of the local community. The roots of these processes can be traced back to Soviet urban and housing policies. The case exemplifies the significance of local time-space specificities to be considered in building an understanding of contemporary touristification and its impact on local communities in heritage areas.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-26
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0046
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Developing a collaborative research agenda for Quebrada de Humahuaca,
Argentina-
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Authors: Graciela Edith Aguilar, Alfredo Conti, Raquel Elisabet García, Josefina Mallo, Valentina Millón, Andrea Morello, Sebastián Matías Pasin
Abstract: This article presents a process of building a practice-driven research agenda for Quebrada de Humahuaca, a World Heritage cultural landscape in northern Argentina, developed under the framework of the Heritage Place Lab (2021–2022) led by the World Heritage Leadership Programme. The research agenda aims to improve the property's management and governance structures through an inclusive approach that considers the participation of all stakeholders and rights holders. Through collaborative work, a step-by-step methodology was employed that included identifying the property's values and attributes, the involvement of different actors in its management and their specific roles, and the factors that might cause real or potential impacts. The systematisation and analysis of this information served to define research priorities and a practice-driven research agenda. A range of conflicts and threats were identified, and the values and attributes that define the property were recognised. The collaborative process helped define research priorities and allowed the development of a preliminary research agenda, which, in the long term, can meet the needs of the property's World Heritage Management Unit. The originality of this work lies in the collaborative work undertaken by the research and practice teams to define a new research agenda based on practical needs to improve the management and governance structures of the World Heritage property.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-18
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0156
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Inclusive management: accommodating site complexity and pluralities in
local values in the Rjukan-Notodden Industrial World Heritage Site, Norway
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Authors: Steffen Fagernes Johannessen, Juliana Strogan, Vicky Katarina Mikalsen, Inger Birkeland, Audhild Kennedy
Abstract: This paper presents participants' experiences of the collaborative process. The paper introduces the World Heritage Site and presents the central learning outcomes of a process through which researchers and practitioners sought to develop an empirically-grounded, site-specific and practice-led research agenda relevant to World Heritage management. The purpose of this paper is to discuss an approach to improving collaboration between researchers and practitioners in the World Heritage field. From September 2021 to April 2022, a research-practice team comprised of social scientists and managers of the Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site in Norway participated in a capacity-building pilot initiative under the ICCROM-IUCN World Heritage Leadership programme. Bringing researchers and practitioners together in a joint collaborative process, the Heritage Place Lab (HPL) pilot programme aimed to function as an incubator for developing research agendas for World Heritage Sites. The paper demonstrates that close collaboration between heritage researchers and practitioners can benefit World Heritage Sites, offering managers valuable inputs for informed and inclusive decision-making. In the case of the Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site, an improved understanding of the diversities in local values would benefit management, as existing management issues underpin the site's complexity. Furthermore, fruitful collaborations between heritage researchers and World Heritage managers depend on an overlapping and reflexive understanding of central concepts. This can be achieved through collaborative research-practice processes but is likely to require careful time management. Focussing on the collaborative process between World Heritage researchers and practitioners, and using additional information for comparable World Heritage examples obtained online, this paper shows how research interests and management challenges can be developed and aligned more successfully through cooperation and improved communication over time. Beyond the specific results for the Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site, the broader discussion presented on the challenges and importance of addressing the complexities of managing heritage sites will be valuable for other World Heritage Sites and managers.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-16
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0165
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- When theory meets praxis – enhancing heritage management through
practice-led research at Great Zimbabwe World Heritage property-
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Authors: Thomas Panganayi Thondhlana, Tawanda Mukwende, Lesley Hatipone Machiridza, Tendai Treddah Musindo, Genius Tevera, Nyaradzayi Maduro
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to outline and reflect on the new research agenda for the Great Zimbabwe World Heritage property. This research agenda was jointly developed by academics and practitioners from Great Zimbabwe University (GZU) and the National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe (NMMZ) respectively. This Research-Practice Team was put together for the Heritage Place Lab (HPL), a pilot project of the ICCROM-IUCN World Heritage Leadership programme. A series of steps were undertaken to come up with research priorities and a new research agenda that are presented in this paper. The HPL project involved online workshops, due to the COVID-19 travel restrictions, that were held between September 2021 and April 2022. The HPL methodology involved six assignments that were based on the Enhancing Our Heritage Toolkit 2.0 (EOH) which was being designed by UNESCO and its Advisory Bodies. This toolkit encouraged the team to establish site-specific management issues and research needs. The toolkit helped the team to have a detailed appreciation of the site's Outstanding Universal Value as well as other heritage values of national and local importance. The toolkit also involved the mapping of site attributes and multiple actors as well as the analysis of governance and legal frameworks. The toolkit also required the team to identify factors affecting the heritage property. The Research-Practice Team highlighted challenges that resulted from the legacy of ill-informed research activities and conservation efforts at the World Heritage property. It became more apparent that the site managers were prioritizing the physical fabric of the site at the expense of the spiritual aspects. Lack of coordination among the actors was also undermining the governance structure. Four thematic strands which included local values and intangible cultural heritage elements; heritage governance; climate change and environmental sustainability and incorporation of local knowledge systems were identified for further research. The paper is an outcome of collaborative efforts that were done by academics and practitioners. Researchers and site managers at Great Zimbabwe had hitherto worked in silos. The majority of previous and ongoing research on the World Heritage property falls short of addressing the dire management challenges. The paper is an attempt to broaden the scope in terms of the management of the site. In the past focus has been on the monumental aspects of the site with specific reference to the dry-stone walled structures. However, in this instance, the Research-Practice Team has integrated new interests such as the intangible aspects of Great Zimbabwe, spirituality and community beneficiation.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-12
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0149
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Values and interventions: dynamic relationships in international doctrines
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Mi Lin, Ana Pereira Roders, Ivan Nevzgodin, Wessel de Jonge
Abstract: Even if there is a wealth of research highlighting the key role of values and cultural significance for heritage management and, defining specific interventions on built heritage, seldom the relation to their leading values and values hierarchy have been researched. How do values and interventions relate' What values trigger most and least interventions on heritage' How do these values relate and characterize interventions' And what are the values hierarchy that make the interventions on built heritage differ' This paper conducts a systematic content analysis of 69 international doctrinal documents – mainly adopted by Council of Europe, UNESCO, and ICOMOS, during 1877 and 2021. The main aim is to reveal and compare the intervention concepts and their definitions, in relation to values. The intensity of the relationship between intervention concepts and values is determined based on the frequency of mentioned values per intervention. There were three key findings. First, historic, social, and aesthetical values were the most referenced values in international doctrinal documents. Second, while intervention concepts revealed similar definitions and shared common leading values, their secondary values and values hierarchy, e.g. aesthetical or social values, are the ones influencing the variation on their definitions. Third, certain values show contradictory roles in the same intervention concepts from different documents, e.g. political and age values. This paper explores a novel comparison between different interventions concepts and definitions, and the role of values. The results can contribute to support further research and practice on clarifying the identified differences.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-09
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0178
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- La Antigua Guatemala living heritage. Improving governance
for sustainable development-
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Authors: Mario Raúl Ramírez de León, Claudia Blanca Verónica Wolley Schwarz, María Elena Molina Soto, Olga Edith Ruiz, María Magdalena Ixquiaptap Tuc, Josué Roberto García Valdez
Abstract: This paper discusses how the Heritage Place Lab (HPL) Pilot Phase, led by International Centre for the Study of Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (2021–2022), supported La Antigua Guatemala (LAG) World Heritage Site as a case study to identify research gaps to strengthen HPL's management through a collaborative process between research and practice teams. A qualitative method was adopted that followed the collaborative process proposed for the HPL Pilot Phase. An adapted version of the Enhancing Our Heritage (EoH) Toolkit 2.0 (forthcoming) was applied. The HPL served as an incubator for on-going research projects, with LAG acting as one of eight case studies. To achieve sustainable development at the site, strengthening the governance model is a priority. This should focus on adopting a more comprehensive management approach that includes the surrounding areas and new values that have been identified since the approach's inscription in 1979 as well as addressing the impacts of climate change. The study finds that this task is essential to widely disseminate and follow up the findings made between researchers and site managers as well as to propose a new governance model alongside associated changes in conservation and municipal and national legislation. Therefore, long-term political support and commitment from institutions, authorities and stakeholders involved in the management and conservation of LAG will be essential. All sectors and institutions in the local community should be involved in the conservation and development of LAG and its surrounding areas. Local communities should benefit from a more effective and inclusive model of governance that recognises and enhances the communities' values as part of communities' identity and quality of life. Climate change mitigation and risk-prevention programmes should also be put in place. To date, research in LAG has been disparate and has not responded to LAG's management needs that result from LAG's complexity as a living historical city. This paper demonstrates the contribution that collaborative work can make between researchers and site managers to identifying, prioritising and proposing solutions to the challenges facing World Heritage Sites.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-08
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0141
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Research and practice in harmonising nature and culture
in Jaipur City, Rajasthan, India-
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Authors: Anuranjan Roy, Madhura Yadav, Shikha Jain, Nitya Khendry, Chandni Chowdhary, Gautam Talukdar
Abstract: Planning for Jaipur City in Rajasthan, north-western India, which was added to the World Heritage List in 2019, considers the surrounding hills and water systems. Rapid urbanisation is currently placing strain on the area, and natural resources and city green spaces are deteriorating. A multidisciplinary team of academicians, researchers and practitioners was assembled under the Heritage Place Lab (HPL) initiative with the aim of developing a research agenda to complement the city's Special Area Heritage Plan (SAHP) that is currently in development. Given the complicated urban structure of Jaipur, an interdisciplinary approach involving experts from various fields and engagement from all levels of the city's stakeholders was necessary. The partnership proceeded following the parameters provided under the HPL to jointly build a research agenda focussing on the management challenges of the World Heritage Site. The co-produced research programme narrowed its initial emphasis on documenting of the natural heritage of the city to reflect the functions it served in a social setting. It was also revealed that the conflicting nature of activities within the World Heritage Site is caused by overlapping jurisdictions of several administrative and legislative components. Jaipur, examined here by an interdisciplinary Research-Practice Team, provides a valuable and unique case study for heritage management, particularly given that most historic cities in India are facing comparable concerns surrounding urbanisation with rising pressures on natural resources.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-04
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0151
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Understanding intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites
by applying extended theory of planned behaviour: a sustainable
approach-
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Authors: Sujood, Samiha Siddiqui, Naseem Bano, Ramzi Al Rousan
Abstract: In 2019, Generation Z (Gen Z) accounted for 32% of the world population, as per the report by Bloomberg, Gen Z in India is world's largest with 472 million people, still there is very limited research conducted to explain their intention to visit heritage sites. This paper aims to report the findings of an empirical research focussing on Gen Z Indians' intention to visit heritage sites by applying theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with two additional constructs, i.e. environmental concern (EC) and environmental friendly activities (EFA). As a fundamental theoretical framework, the TPB model is used. Data consists of responses of 434 Gen Z Indians which were collected through online questionnaires. Using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique, the measurement and structural model were tested with the help of AMOS 22 and SPSS 25 software. The results of SEM indicate that the hypothesized relationships between attitude (AT), subjective norms (SN), EC, EFA and intention to visit heritage sites were all supported. However, perceived behavioural control (PBC) did not influence intention. The study's findings have substantial practical implications for organizations/travel companies that primarily deal in heritage sites. The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge about intention to visit heritage sites. As the study focuses mostly on Gene Z Indians, it is difficult to extrapolate the findings to other countries. This paper will help the researchers and practitioners to understand the Gen Z Indians' intention of visiting heritage sites. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that predicts intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-05-01
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0039
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Using keywords to link World Heritage research and practice: observations
from the World Heritage Leadership Heritage Place Lab-
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Authors: Kristal Buckley
Abstract: There is evidence of emerging silos separating research and practices in heritage. Creating spaces where researchers and practitioners collaborate and learn from their exchanges is therefore needed. This premise was the foundation of the pilot phase for the World Heritage Leadership Heritage Place Lab that allowed eight teams from different geocultural contexts to come together to develop research agendas. This paper provides observations about how these agendas relate to key strands in critical heritage research globally. It complements the other papers in this Special Issue that describe the case studies in detail. A keywords approach has been used to identify areas where shared research agendas can advance both heritage practices and academic interest in the field of heritage studies. This was based on the observations made by the author during the pilot phase of the Heritage Place Lab and the research agendas produced by the research-practice teams. The approach is exploratory and experimental, inviting other contributions. Twenty keywords are identified and explored via both academic literature and the research priorities identified by the research-practice teams that participated in the pilot. A keywords approach is relatively untested in the field of heritage studies. Recognizing that commonly-used terms (or words) have fluid meanings across disciplines and practices potentially opens new dimensions to the dialogue between heritage practitioners and researchers.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-04-27
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0164
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Ruin heritage and its reuse: the case of ruin bars in Budapest
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Authors: Dóra Mérai, Volodymyr Kulikov
Abstract: The paper discusses ethical issues related to the adaptive reuse of ruin heritage on the example of the so-called ruin bars in Budapest's District VII. It explores how heritage discourse can contribute to the sustainable development of urban neighborhoods. The authors address the question by focusing on how a processual approach can be instrumental in identifying responsible and socially sustainable ways to reuse dilapidated heritage in a residential area. The problem is analyzed through a case study based on field observation, participant observation, stakeholder interviews, policy analysis and media and social media content analysis. The authors argue that ethical reuse of ruin heritage must take into consideration the values and interests of multiple stakeholders and the broadest range of consequences at the level of neighborhood and city. An integrated heritage and planning policy should consider and involve as active participants all the heritage communities concerned. Importantly, these groups, comprising both new and longtime residents, must include the vulnerable and marginalized. The findings can be used by heritage managers for identifying and addressing ethical issues in their adaptive heritage reuse practices and by policymakers for integrating heritage management in urban development and making cities more inclusive (SDG #11). The paper explores how ethical it is for business enterprises to build on the ruin esthetics in a residential district and what the ethical implications of this reuse process are for various stakeholders.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-04-21
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0108
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- D&C technique as an MCDM tool for managing the heritage value assessment
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Authors: Emad Hani Ismaeel
Abstract: The value assessment process of the built heritage is a multipart procedure that includes diverse aspects with overlapping requirements. This process requires various measures to obtain better results, making it a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process. In post-disaster cases, a management system is required to promptly evaluate the degree of risk and damage and to set the preservation priorities in order to effectively supervise and protect the heritage places. MCDM is utilized for configuring and solving decision and planning problems encompassing multiple criteria, to assist decision-makers. This paper suggests an approach as a tool to be used in the development of the Built Heritage Record for Mosul Old City. It proposes a D&C technique as an MCDM effectual tool for solving multifaceted problems of heritage significance assessment process in post-conflict cities, adopting the conservation of the traditional houses of Mosul Old City as a case study. The research results showed the need for a method to solve the complexity of the decision-making problem regarding the process of determining the value and significance of heritage buildings and sites in the old city of Mosul, and how to develop a methodology to facilitate decision-making within databases related to such a multi-criteria issue. For an effective judgment of the expert or participant in the evaluation process, and to contribute to the decision-making more objectively, exploiting digital management programs including an interactive user interface with the ability to share on the Internet is the focal next intention of the project. The paper shows that by using specific software, a database for heritage places of the old city of Mosul could be generated to apply the proposed system. The expert can utilize the software to calculate and define the total value of the place automatically according to the entered data.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-04-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0042
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Paint repair appraisal for heritage buildings: the adoption of green
maintenance model in Banda Aceh and Melaka-
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Authors: Laina Hilma Sari, Brit Anak Kayan, Zahriah Zahriah, Zulfikar Taqiuddin, Cut Nursaniah, Siti Norbaya Mohd Konar
Abstract: This paper is an appraisal using the life cycle assessment (LCA) of paint repair for heritage buildings based on the green maintenance model. Calculation procedures of green maintenance model within cradle-to-site boundaries of LCA approach were undertaken. The calculations evaluate embodied carbon expended from paint repair of Gunongan, Banda Aceh and Melaka Stamp Museum, Melaka. The findings show that the type and number of coats applied will determine the lifespan of the paint. The lifespan of paint influences the frequency of its repair, thus affecting environmental maintenance impact (EMI). Green maintenance model is not confined to heritage buildings and can be applied to any repair types, materials used and building forms. The model supports and stimulates research dedicated to the sustainable development of cultural heritage. This results in the attainment of environmentally focused conservation, promoting sustainable repair approach and inculcating sustainable development of the historic environment. Green maintenance model highlights the efficiency of repair options that may be adopted for heritage buildings, thus cultivating skills and knowledge in cultural heritage and sustainable development. The paint repair appraisal of heritage buildings in different countries and localities, which share similar tropical climate, can be undertaken. It demonstrates how different approaches by relevant agencies to the paint repair of heritage buildings impact on embodied carbon expenditure.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-04-11
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0192
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Factors affecting the development of Lipu Yi costumes: intangible cultural
heritage tourism
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Xiaohua Fu, Thanawan Sittithai, Thitinan Chankoson
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention on the development of Lipu Yi costume culture to promote the development of intangible cultural tourism and better construct a model of the influencing factors of Lipu Yi costumes in the development of intangible cultural heritage tourism. The study site is the intangible cultural district of Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China. This study examines the interrelationships between tourists' perceived value of experience, behavioral intention and satisfaction as the tourists relate to Lipu Yi costume and intangible cultural heritage tourism. A sample of 225 tourists who had visited Panzhihua at least once was selected for the study. All seven of the survey's hypotheses were supported. Therefore, this study concludes that tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention directly affect the development of intangible cultural tourism and significantly positively impact the growth of Lipu Yi costumes culture. Descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) investigation methods were used. This paper analyzes tourists' perceived value of Lipu costume culture and tourists' satisfaction and behavioral intention during the tourism process. This study provides a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between Lipu Yi costume and non-heritage tourism factors. Practical methods and approaches are sought to further develop Lipu Yi costume non-heritage tourism.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-04-10
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0068
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- New technologies for the conservation and preservation of cultural
heritage through a bibliometric analysis-
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Authors: María Belén Prados-Peña, George Pavlidis, Ana García-López
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on heritage conservation and preservation, and to identify relevant future research trends, by applying scientometrics. A total of 1,646 articles, published between 1985 and 2021, concerning research on the application of ML and AI in cultural heritage were collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methodologies. The findings of this study have shown that although there is a very important increase in academic literature in relation to AI and ML, publications that specifically deal with these issues in relation to cultural heritage and its conservation and preservation are significantly limited. This study enriches the academic outline by highlighting the limited literature in this context and therefore the need to advance the study of AI and ML as key elements that support heritage researchers and practitioners in conservation and preservation work.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-23
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0124
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Web accessibility of Indian cultural heritage information: an analytical
study of museum websites-
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Authors: Rahul Pandey, Vinit Kumar
Abstract: This paper compares the web accessibility of Indian museum websites assessing the level of compliance to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1). The study aims to assess the accessibility of Indian museum websites in terms of their severity. The accessibility evaluation of 11 Indian museum websites was conducted using Siteimprove Accessibility Checker (SAC), an automated website testing tool. The study results indicate that the mean conformance score for the Indian museum websites for level A was 19.27, while for level AA and AAA, it came out to be 2.63 and 4.09, respectively, with the highest severity scores for error (16.3) followed by review (5.81) criteria and warning (3.81). The major findings indicate that the websites of Indian museums poorly conform to web accessibility guidelines. The study's findings will assist the museum's website creators, managers and administrators in determining the level of conformity as per standard accessibility guidelines helping them make strategic decisions to improve the accessibility. Most of the studies available in the field of website accessibility range from the web accessibility of educational institutions, tourism websites, municipal websites and ministerial websites, but there are very few studies investigating the accessibility of museum websites. A quantitative evaluation of different aspects of accessibility was conducted in the study, which can pave the way for the better design of web sites by addressing deficiencies.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-21
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0153
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- The role of fantasy in architectural heritage conservation –
a systematic review-
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Authors: Liangjun Gooi, Camelia Kusumo, Johannes Widodo
Abstract: This paper has aimed to systematically review the existing literature regarding the role of fantasy in heritage conservation, establishing a research gap and investigating the different facets of fantasy that contribute to a conservation undertaking. This systematic literature review adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model with literature from the SCOPUS-indexing database. This review has indicated a lack of input from Eastern scholarship, the absence of quantitative research, the lack of discussion concerning fantasy within the architecture discipline and the lack of attention towards fantasy's role in architectural heritage conservation. A better understanding of the role of fantasy within architectural heritage studies would improve conservation practice, specifically the existing cultural significance value evaluation framework and the management of stakeholders' expectations. The present paper serves as a preliminary insight into the value of fantasy within the architecture discipline, allowing for more empirical-based research and knowledge to be added in this domain in the future.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-21
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0168
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- The building as a palimpsest: heritage, memory and adaptive reuse beyond
intervention-
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Authors: Francesca Lanz
Abstract: This paper contributes to this special issue on the ethics and aesthetics of adaptive reuse with a reflection on the specific case of the reuse of those sites and buildings that can be regarded as “difficult”, “uncomfortable”, or “neglected” heritage (MacDonald, 2009; Logan and Keir, 2009; Pendlebury et al., 2018; Lanz, 2021). By doing so it is the author's intention to add to the most recent research-driven and theory-oriented strand of the contemporary architectural debate on adaptive reuse (Lanz and Pendlebury, 2022). They also intend to encourage increased research engagement within such a debate, both across disciplines and with methods and approaches that may be able to bring in greater critical consideration of the more-than-architectural aspects involved in adaptive reuse practices. Building equally on a comprehensive literature review on the subject and extensive field work, the paper works through one paradigmatic example – the San Girolamo mental asylum in Volterra, Italy – and combines on-site observation, field notes, qualitative interviews and archival research with theory-driven reflections to discuss the ramifications of adaptive reuse processes in place-based memory and heritage practices. The case of the former mental asylum San Girolamo in Volterra, today abandoned and decaying on the landscape, is discussed via the metaphor of the building as palimpsest to explore the significance of this built heritage in both its materiality and meanings. The San Girolamo asylum demonstrates the value, complexity and potential of this heritage site, and other alike, to act as a powerful place which connects the past and present that might serve as a platform to promote productive discourses about contemporary sensible topics, ethics of care and human rights. Drawing on these observations, the paper concludes by expanding on how the case of the San Girolamo former asylum both showcases and advocates the need for developing more creative, explorative, trans-disciplinary and collaborative approaches and methodologies to the study and implementation of adaptive reuse projects for these site “beyond intervention”. This paper draws on and contributes to the more recent research-driven and theory-oriented corpus of studies focussing on adaptive reuse.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0106
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Legislation and practice: the case of historic concrete buildings
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Authors: Silvia Naldini, Ioannis Ioannou, Maria Hadjimichael, Stefano F. Musso, Federica Pompejano, Ondřej Dušek
Abstract: Only recently have historic concrete buildings received attention and the need for their protection has been understood. Their listing as architectural heritage in most countries is ruled by legislations. The research carried out within the framework of the CONSECH20 JPI project on the conservation of historic concrete buildings in the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Italy and the Netherlands has allowed to study the legislations in the four aforementioned countries and how these are brought to practice. This paper aims at the evaluation of these legislations and of their function in practice. The legislations have been examined focussing on the protection of historic buildings and the guidelines to achieve a correct technical conservation. These were assessed in practical situations. The situations of the four countries were studied and the parameters used allowed comparisons. Concrete buildings are at risk and the guidelines should be further developed to meet actual conservation needs, including historical and aesthetical compatibility. The re-use of listed concrete buildings often means transforming and adapting these to a variety of modern needs and norms: the complexity of this assignment asks for a multidisciplinary teamwork. The bottom-up Dutch programme for quality in conservation, striving to bring ethical and technological principles to practice, could be a sound basis for developing respectful conservation strategies of heritage concrete buildings. The research concerns the four countries involved in the CONSECH30 project and could be extended to include more countries. More stakeholders have to be involved in the process of conservation and transformation of heritage concrete buildings. This should be directed by the legislation. No direct social implications are foreseen from the outcome of the research. However, the suggestion is made that social involvement is essential in planning concrete building transformations. The study focussed on the application of theory (the legislation) to practice (thus showing the limits of the legislation), which is an innovative way of contributing to the conservation of historic concrete buildings.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-06
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0048
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Measuring “sustainable development” in vernacular settlements: a case
study Behramkale, Türkiye-
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Authors: Ebru Ergöz Karahan, Özgür Göçer, Didem Boyacıoğlu, Pranita Shrestha
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to critically assess sustainable development in the context of Behramkale, a vernacular village in Türkiye. Vernacular Heritage Sustainable Architecture analysis framework has been adopted to understand and assess vernacular architecture and sustainable development in Behramkale. The vernacular design of the old Behramkale settlement has shown more sustainable characteristics as compared to the new development area. Key findings show that trade-offs were made with respect to environmental and sociocultural aspects of sustainable development to achieve economic sustainability. Future research with more in-depth interviews would be helpful to find out the inhabitants’ response to the conservation practices. Based on the research conducted, life cycle analysis and sustainable strategies of vernacular settlements can be useful tools to design, develop and improve old settlements, as well as newly established settlements. Key lessons learned from conservation practices can help to identify well-adapted solutions to respond to the needs of local communities in Türkiye and similar vernacular settlements in the Mediterranean region. This paper critically assesses sustainable development in the context of vernacular architecture, heritage conservation and rural sustainability. Conservation practices in Türkiye are evaluated deeply as there is limited research in this field within the Mediterranean heritage conversation and sustainable development context.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-03-03
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0100
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Citizens' perceptions of World Heritage values: the case of Cuenca,
Ecuador
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Barbara Molina, Gabriela Eljuri, Xavier Roigé Ventura
Abstract: This paper aims to study possible differences between the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) defined in the designation of Cuenca as a World Heritage (WH) site and its inhabitants' perceptions of heritage value. The study is based on research conducted in the historic centre of Cuenca in Ecuador, which was accorded WH status in 1999. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, providing a complementary approach to the research subject. Quantitative research involved a probability survey of 400 informants randomly selected from the population of the canton of Cuenca, while qualitative research included 40 semi-structured interviews with residents and traders in the historic centre and 150 further written consultations with residents of the city. Following the introduction, methodology and description, the paper presents the data gathered from the survey and interviews. These indicate inhabitants' perceptions of the meaning, values, and uses of WH in Cuenca and reveal differences between their perceptions and those of the official OUV. Although there are several studies on WH residents' perceptions of UNESCO OUV, few highlight the mismatch between local community views of heritage and those established by UNESCO. This study reflects critically on the concept of OUV, which is based on technical and political criteria rather than social participation. The study employs methodologies that could be applied in other case studies and used to improve heritage management. This is the only study on local perceptions of Cuenca's OUV.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-02-28
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0006
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Approach towards service design process for heritage preservation and
sustainability of Bodo Dokhona-
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Authors: Chaitali Brahma, Bhaskar Saha, Anirban Chowdhury
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the perception of the local weavers amongst the Bodos, a tribe of the North-east (NE) India. Towards this a concept of a service pipeline process in the field of heritage attire preservation of Bodo Dokhona was focused that would endorse the local weavers' community for its wellbeing and sustainability. The design approaches have been framed after interactions with the local weavers through a survey conducted for understanding the issues pertaining to weavers. Towards sustaining the Bodo heritage attire Dokhona, a service design pipeline for better management system was developed in three phases. Interactions with the local weavers through survey and validation for its feasibility were undertaken. This research paper focuses on publishing innovative survey research and practice related to cultural heritage management of the Bodo traditional wear Dokhona and sustainability conservation of the pipeline process. Therefore, developing both skill and knowledge for the weavers' community of the region. The design pipeline approach in this paper has been shared with the local weavers' for easy understanding of the step-by-step process of weaving a Dokhona made of eri silk. A progressive Bodo weaver will gain skill training which would lead to weavers' empowerment. Developing and documenting an innovative service design approach. In this context, an insight for women empowerment leading to preservation of Bodo heritage is valued.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-02-28
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0093
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Sociocultural discrepancy in archaeological sites of Mexico: an overview
of the situation in the state of Morelos-
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Authors: Emmanuel David Gonzalez Armenta
Abstract: The aim is to expose the lack of recognition of archaeological sites as a symbolic identity and cultural integrator, showcasing how a deconstructed ideal of public policies and social practices resulted from mismanagement in the processes of safeguarding the historical culture of the sites. It is intended to highlight this discrepancy as to raise awareness on the equivocal direction these complications are heading to and to stress the advocacy for knowledge dissemination government sectors should aim on promoting. The article draws substantively on the analysis of case studies at state and national level. The archaeological cultural value interpretation is supported by the analysis of historical records such as exploration logs, government organizations’ workbooks, norms and regulations of archaeological conservation and literature review. The current deconstructed cultural value of archaeological sites is interpreted given trends of promotion of archaeological heritage, which ultimately resulted in a misconception of origins. The subsequent analysis shows that present-day political and social activities on archaeological sites are predisposed by a mismanagement of cultural promotion. The preference for activities that differ from indigenous traditions, commercialization of culture and urban growth have diverged the ideal of culture integration and knowledge dissemination these sites were rescued for, leading to the ignorance of the population towards their cultural value. This phenomenon demonstrates that archaeology in Morelos is currently submerged in a misconception of origins. The article aims to expose an array of references to issues of the usefulness of archaeological heritage for political and economic purposes as a referent for future studies.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-02-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0073
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Indigenous (stone) towers in remote regions: cross cultural perspective
Asir region of Saudi Arabia, the Caucasus and Sichuan of China-
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Authors: Hani M. Alqahtany, Wadee Ahmed Ghanem Al-Gehlani
Abstract: The author’s interest in vernacular architecture, over the years, has attracted the author’s attention to three distinctive and similar forms of architecture in faraway regions of the globe. These are; Asir region of Saudi Arabia, The Caucasus including the republic of Georgia, Chechenia, and North Ossetia, and Sichuan region in China. Stone towers dominate the landscape of these remote regions. The similarity of these towers in these far away regions is quite remarkable. This paper will introduce these towers in their geographic, social and natural context. Although several studies have been done on these regions, it is the aim of this paper to introduce their architecture in a comparative approach to explore how these remotes corners of the globe with different historical, ethnic and cultural backgrounds developed similar architectural forms in total isolation from each other. Architecture is a physical production of different and diverse factors. Geographically, isolated regions with similar natural and social factors, mountainous landscape, tribally-based, agrarian societies, produces similar architectural forms. This paper is a clear testimony to the human nature and how people think, react and build, under similar conditions. Architecture becomes a manifestation of human oneness, unity, believes and behaviour.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-02-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0180
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Delineating protective boundaries using the HUL approach a case study:
heritage waterways of Isfahan-
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Authors: Elnaz Chitsazzadeh, Mahsa Chizfahm Daneshmandian, Najmeh Jahani, Mohammad Tahsildoost
Abstract: The UNESCO recommendation under the historic urban landscapes (HUL) title and Operational Guidelines (OPG) were used to create dynamic protective boundaries to maintain the integrity and authenticity of Isfahan's heritage waterways. Accordingly, by using GIS and Isfahan urban layers, three protective zones were proposed and evaluated; the central zone, the functional zone and the visual zone. Heritage waterways in historic cities are not adequately protected against the negative impacts of urban development, and there is a lack of a dynamic protective system to protect their integrity and authenticity. The problem can be observed in Isfahan, a historic Iranian city, where the boundaries of urban heritage waterways (Madi canals) are usually rigid and arbitrary. This study aims to develop a practicable paradigm for determining protection boundaries for Isfahan's Jolfa Madi, an urban heritage waterway. Compared to the current protective boundaries, the authors found that proposed protective boundaries create a greater amount of protection space, which makes a strong connection among the ecological, historical and socio-economic characteristics of the urban context. Furthermore, the protective zones based on the HUL approach give Isfahan's urban planning policy the opportunity to consider participatory tools, financial tools and regulatory systems. Many studies have emphasized a fixed-width buffer or an arbitrary distance from the urban waterway's axis (urban heritage) or its banks. Although these protections include technical conservation or setting restrictions on the adjacent buildings and blocks, studying crucial concepts such as urban dynamic, urban heritage context and producing a particular technique for protected boundaries has not been investigated. In this article three dynamic boundaries are delineated with various functions in order to provide urban heritage with dynamic preservation and sustainable development for the historic urban landscapes.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-02-08
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0035
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- From values to valuing: an ethnographic approach to get a grip on the
implicit disclosure of built heritage-
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Authors: Roel De Ridder, Hanne Van Gils, Bert Timmermans
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to map the process of (social) valuing by people encountering built heritage in their daily environments. Value-based approaches are not well researched and formalized in Flemish policy context. New questions and issues are emerging in relation to values-based heritage management and the (adaptive) reuse of heritage within a context of spatial development and urban renewal practices. This paper firstly focus on what factors influence the process of (social) valuing, secondly on the hybrid character of the process and finally at the conflicts between the values frames of the different actors. This way it also inquires the potentials of participatory design supporting alternative regimes of care. Within the research trajectory, the authors approached built heritage as a social construction and a social product, where there are as many stories as users. What heritage is and how heritage is dealt with, forms the basis of negotiation and valuation processes. An ethnographic approach was embarked on to get a grip on the socio-cultural significance of immovable property heritage in Flanders. This paper describes the process of (social) valuing of by people encountering built heritage in their daily environments and offers an integrated conceptual framework for this kind of dynamic processes. New questions and issues are emerging in relation to values-based heritage management and the (adaptive) reuse of heritage within a context of spatial development and urban renewal practices. This paper firstly focuses on what factors influence the process of (social) valuing, secondly on the hybrid character of the process and finally at the conflicts between the values frames of the different actors.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2023-01-27
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2022-0059
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
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- Time, place and theme in heritage conservation: configurations and
applications-
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Authors: Salim Elwazani
Abstract: This study examines the time, place and theme constructs from the viewpoints of their theoretical configurations and potential applications in heritage conservation. The examination taps on the relationship of time to chronology, place to geography and theme to the human agency. Time, place and theme pose challenges in delineating workable definitions and in corroborating the resolvability of the terms into real-world applications. The challenges stem from the metaphysical nature of the constructs and the conjectural interpretability of the associated connotations. The humanistic setting of the study supports qualitative research and information assessment methods. Information to support the theoretical objective (configurations) comes from the seminal literature on the very nature of time, place and theme and on their relationship with chronology, geography and human agency, respectively. The information to support the applied objective (applications) comes mainly from the works of the US National Park Service heritage programs, particularly the historic context strategy where the members of the triad are applied. The theoretical knowledge about time, place and theme geared towards framing the constructs' configurations and applications in heritage conservation is lacking. Mediating time into chronology, place into geography and theme into argument provides a useful framework for understanding the constructs' configurations and applications. The study adds knowledge on time, place and theme that helps delineate the configurations and applications of these constructs to the benefit of heritage conservation planning.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0090
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Enhancing the tourist experiences and attractiveness of World Heritage
Sites: a stakeholders' perspective-
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Authors: Monisha Juneja, Tahir Sufi, Mamta Bhatnagar
Abstract: The study aims, based on the symbiotic relationship between tourism agencies and various stakeholders, to investigate what “policy-level” partners would advise their “practice-level” counterparts on, first, how the World Heritage Site (WHS) status of monuments can be made attractive for travellers, and second, what steps can be taken by stakeholders to enhance the WHS tourist experience. A qualitative approach involving e-mail interviews was adopted. Content analyses of open-ended exploratory questions put to “policy-level” respondents yielded 10 major themes that can enhance the brand appeal of the WHS. The findings offer in-depth solutions for better trip experiences of Heritage Tourists. Insights from the responses under ten thematic areas have direct relevance for application by tourism and hospitality facilitators. Although this study was conducted in India, its findings hold implications for practice throughout the world. They could similarly be incorporated as elements of policy directed at incentivising communication of the value of preserving heritage for future generations. While previous research focused on stakeholders for planning and policy making, this study explores the stakeholder's perspective for a more comprehensive understanding of how using the WHS brand can generate more holistic tourism development.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-12-15
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0022
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Authentic versus staged identity – problematizing tourism interventions
for authenticity and integrity in historic cities-
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Authors: Niyati Jigyasu
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to problematize authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based interventions in historic cities through a case study of skewed strategies in urban conservation programs. The paper aims to explore the paradoxes of tourists’ requisites against the heritage management imperatives. The methodology is a mix of case study and analytical study of theories, literature, and principles related to authenticity and integrity in urban conservation with a focus on tourism. In the context of historic areas, while tourism is essential for generating the economic support necessary for conserving and managing a heritage site, lopsided strategies challenge the “authenticity” and “integrity” of the place. Bringing forth the point of the authentic or curated identity, the paper argues for a framework grounded in authenticity and integrity for achieving balance in the management of historic cities. The paper brings together the subject of authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based strategies in historic cities. It highlights the gap in current practices, which often gets into inadvertent consequences of tourists appreciating the intervention that appear to be against the fundamentals of heritage conservation.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Designation of Batu Arang, Selangor as the coal mining and Geological
Heritage Site: issues and challenges-
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Authors: Rohaslinda Ramele Ramli, Muhammad Haiqal Ali, Abdullah Anas Abu Bakar, Nadia Widyawati Madzhi
Abstract: The paper explores the roles of involved organizations in the designation of Batu Arang in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia, as the Coal Mining and Geological Heritage Site, the heritage significance selected as the elements of its designation and the challenges faced by the involved stakeholders during the designation process. The primary research material is derived from the documentation review on the final draft of the Special Area Plan (RKK) of Batu Arang and the final draft of the Geopark Management Plan, field investigation on the heritage significances and interviews with the involved organizations: the Selayang Municipal Council (MPS), the State of Selangor Malay Custom and Heritage Corporation (PADAT) and the Village Community Management Council (MPKK) of Batu Arang. This paper found that Batu Arang has the potential to be developed as an important heritage mining site and heritage tourism destination; however, many of the heritage significances are being demolished, invaded and abandoned due to human aggression or effects of nature. In addition, it reveals the roles of each involved organization, issues that occurred and challenges faced by the organizations during the designation process as a heritage site, namely in terms of management, property ownership and promotion. The paper outlines that a heritage mining site like Batu Arang should be considered an important heritage as well as other heritage sites in Malaysia, and issues and challenges faced during the designation process should be discussed critically to ensure that these heritage significances will not be neglected and abandoned.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-12-12
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0102
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Regulation and policy-making for urban cultural heritage preservation: a
comparison between Iran and Italy-
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Authors: Omid Boodaghi, Zohreh Fanni, Asma Mehan
Abstract: Despite various comparative studies in the field of cultural heritage protection in the world, there is still a significant lack of comparative research on policies related to the legal system of countries' governance. The purpose of this study is to address the comparative policies in Iran and Italy, with a particular focus on the results of the executive experiences of two different types of policies in the cities of Oroumieh (North-West of Iran) and Turin (in North-West of Italy). Utilising the comparative, analytical, bibliographic and descriptive historical research methodology, which is based on the study of the local, national and international comprehensive review of regulations and policy-making of cultural heritage preservation policies in Iran and Italy. In this research, the related documents in three languages (Persian, Italian and English) have been examined to compare profoundly and comprehensively the policies and regulations adopted in these two countries to be able to analyze the national and transnational regulations and local policies in the cultural heritage sector. In addition to many cultural similarities and numerous commonalities, especially in the multiplicity of urban cultural heritage in historical centers, the results suggest that the legislation structure in Iran is much more centralized than in Italy. Also, the findings suggest that Italy focuses on aligning its previously centralized national legislative system in line with contemporary European heritage and preservation policies. The paper outlines how to use historical and cultural similarities through comparative study to benefit the experiences of two historical countries in urban heritage conservation and policy-making part despite their differences.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-12-12
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0138
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Mitigating tensions between ethics and aesthetics through community-led
adaptive heritage reuse: the case of post-industrial Praga, Warsaw-
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Authors: Karim van Knippenberg, Beitske Boonstra
Abstract: Heritage reuse, in which the aesthetics of heritage play a leading role, often leads to extreme commodification of heritage, place branding, gentrification and the exclusion of many narratives and voices. In order to understand how such processes of erosion and estrangement between heritage and local communities can be countered, while still redeveloping heritage buildings for contemporary urban needs, this paper explores with what kind of practices and heritage approaches these tensions can be mitigated, learning from recent experiences in Praga district. Based on qualitative semi-structured interviews in a case study of a living lab of ongoing heritage reuse practice in Praga district in the city of Warsaw, Poland, the authors identify practices and approaches that can help to overcome tensions between the ethics and aesthetics of heritage reuse. In rapidly changing district like Praga, local communities and others are struggling to compete process of change that impact their heritage, and the engagement with it. Although the local community is quite active in addressing various urban challenges and preserving the character of Praga including heritage elements, the conditions under which these community-led heritage reuse practices operate are quite impactful, as it appears that cooperation with local institutions is vital in order to embed community-led heritage reuse practices to overcome the tensions between ethics and aesthetics of heritage reuse. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of a living lab of community-led heritage reuse. As such, the paper highlights various practices of community organizations and citizen initiatives that address heritage reuse, as well as the conditions under which these initiatives operate.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-11-28
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0105
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Carelessness in preserving manuscripts as a heritage: cases of local
treatment in Indonesia-
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Authors: Fakhriati Fakhriati, Nyimas Umi Kalsum, Sugiarti Sugiarti, Husnul Fahimah Ilyas
Abstract: This paper aims at examining the current condition of ancient manuscripts owned by locals in remote areas of Indonesia, which are mostly in poor condition. It is to describe the factors of these manuscript damages and the implications of the damage. The study employed qualitative design with philological, codicological and anthropological approaches. The participants are manuscript owners and keepers in Western, Central and Eastern parts of Indonesia. Data were collected by direct observations and interviews with the participants. This paper provides empirical insights on how manuscripts were damaged due to human and environmental factors. These factors have caused the loss of part or whole information in the manuscripts, hence causing disconnected knowledge linkage from past to present. Due to the selected scope and area of study, this study may lack generalizability. Further studies can be conducted to examine the physical aspect and the content of the manuscripts. This study suggests the urgency for stakeholders and local governments to preserve the manuscripts by taking specific measures that include preservation training to the locals and conducting a program for digitizing these manuscripts. This paper fulfils an identified need to study how the damages suffered by the local manuscripts.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-11-22
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0008
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Legacies of post-colonial internal migration in coastal India-the
case of Udupi-
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Authors: Vidya Rao, Rama Devi Nandineni
Abstract: Mainstream narratives in Indian history do not delve into the checkered history of the west coast. The reasons for this are many, including a predominantly center-outwards viewpoint of historians. West coast has always been open to sea route influences aiding its diversity. However, the lack of natural defense against colonizers from the sea destroyed indigenous and personal heritage. Small town narratives include uprooting, lack of access to past heritage and new settlement creation. The heritage of this everyday landscape shaped by human grit is the subject of the study. This qualitative ethnographic study includes document analysis, transect walking, architectural built form study, open interviews and participatory observations. The motivations for heritage management can be grouped into economic, cultural and technological. From a financial point of view, the urban core studied is still relevant and sustainable. Likewise, the Krishna temple dominates the cultural discussion and architectural documentation as a religious center. However, the cultural heritage of business streets and the third motivation of building technology have been largely ignored. This disregard is evident from neglect and the pastiche use of monumental or ornamental styles alien to the region for restoration efforts. “Heritage is personal and individual as well as collective and universal” (Mire, 2016). The Pete heritage is not just crucial for the communities they house but the town as a whole. Their nonimpervious nature means that they hold collective memories for everyone. Attention to memories and monuments will increase the possibilities of shared responsibility between various stakeholders (Swenson et al., 2012). Therefore, they should be seen as a part of the larger whole. This paper argues for the recent global bottom-up approach in heritage management rather than the conventional established practices. Established heritage management focuses on the mainstream, royal or specific ethnic heritage in the Indian subcontinent. The heritage of the common person rarely has the grandeur of monumental architecture taken up for preservation by the state. As a result, societies' individual and collective heritage are at risk of rapid erasure under the pressures of modernization. Built forms are repositories of cultural information; therefore, a sustainable instrument for the preservation of everyday heritage can be created with culture as an actuator. This study looks at the narrative of the historical coastal small-town business core created by internal mass migration due to colonization.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-11-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0129
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Prospects of negative heritage management in Syria
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Authors: Wesam Zarka, Salah Hajismail
Abstract: This paper aims to illustrate some of the negative heritage created in Syria over the 11 bloody years following the start of the uprising in 2011 and how this heritage can be managed to promote justice. Different motives and methods for negative heritage management are exemplified and compared to find out the most appropriate one(s) that can be adapted and adopted in the Syrian context. Based mainly on Human Rights Watch (HRW) reports, suggestions are made for the management of three cases of negative heritage in Syria by planning measures and solutions to promote justice. The three cases are the targeting of schools and hospitals, chemical attacks and Aleppo’s River Massacre. The effectiveness of the proposals is discussed and piloted by conducting a one-on-one conversational interview in 2021, related to the first proposal, and soliciting feedback on a social media platform, related to the third proposal. Values-centred preservation based on the efforts of the community concerned with negative heritage, rather than the four existing governments in Syria, can lead to good management of recent negative heritage. The proposed virtual application of the proposals is a step that may itself be useful and may facilitate future practical application, as most of the exemplified sites are no longer accessible on the ground. Ethically productive management of the negative heritage is promoted to seek more value-oriented dimensions of the conflict. Considering a fruitful use of the conflict in Syria can encourage positive thinking and counter the passive attitude towards the prolonged conflict.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-10-07
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0139
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Analysing the master plan development and urban heritage of Najaf
City in Iraq-
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Authors: Sabeeh Lafta Farhan, Dhirgham Alobaydi, Daniel Anton, Zuhair Nasar
Abstract: This paper is intended to assess the developments conducted on the master plan of Old Najaf, mainly in three areas: the Imam Ali Holy Shrine and its surroundings, the Great Market Area and the location of the Town of Visitors. In order to analyse the implementation of the transformation phases in Old Najaf, the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) technique was used to identify and organise the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to the examined case study of the city's historic centre. At the first stage, all available data (photographs, maps, documents and reports) were collected from different sources, including previous studies by governmental institutions, departments and agencies. Ultimately, the SWOT analysis was used for each identified phase in the morphological evolution of the historic centre. This can offer an opportunity to observe the implications of urban planning practices in Old Najaf from the mid-20th century to the present day. In order to identify the well-organised urban design practices and appropriate strategies, the implemented studies and projects were examined by the four factors of the SWOT analysis. The current results have revealed important urban transformations, already made and/or ongoing, of those aforementioned three main areas, which imply a great loss of the city's traditional character and urban heritage. Further, the environmental and socio-economic issues should be involved in the analysis to evaluate how they have influenced the current outcomes of Old Najaf in relation to the urban configuration and orientation. The rich cultural and architectural heritage of Al-Najaf historic centre is dramatically neglected and seriously threatened to be lost. Hence, conservation on both tangible and intangible levels is urgently needed. It is the first paper which focussed on this problem and tries to learn from the British Conservation Experiences in this field.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-10-06
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2020-0101
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Evaluation of bioclimatic design strategies in Esfahak village using
Mahoney method-
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Authors: Akram Hosseini
Abstract: Despite worldwide climate change and the problems caused by using fossil fuels, energy consumption in the world keeps rising every year. The areas with extremely cold or scorching climates are large, and significant amounts of energy are getting used in these areas for heating, cooling, and ventilation. The general purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between the climatic characteristics of the Esfahak, a village located in the hot desert region of Iran, and the physical characteristics of its built environment. The method of this research is qualitative and somewhat descriptive-analytical. In this regard, the architectural features of Esfahak village are compared with the principles mentioned in the Mahoney tables to determine the degree of compliance of the architecture of this village with the climatic condition. The results show that design principles have been used in all indicators discussed in the Mahoney tables. By applying these principles, not only did the acute weather conditions not prevent the initial settlement in the village location, they have not caused inhabitants to leave the site over time as well. The impacts of bioclimatic design strategies on thermal comfort in hot desert regions are seldom studied. This research provides evidence-based and informed design recommendations that can help building designers and city authorities integrate bioclimatic design strategies at the earliest conceptual design phases in hot desert climates.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-10-04
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0210
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The role of adaptive reuse in historic urban landscapes towards cities
of inclusion. The case of acre
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez, Els Verbakel
Abstract: Cities are facing challenges that dramatically affect their social and physical landscapes, leading to the increase of urban segregation and polarization. One response to these challenges is adaptive reuse, yet, in heterogeneous communities, these adaptations are often a source of conflict, because local actions often lack an integrative approach, leading to further exclusion. In this paper the authors explore the potential of adaptive reuse of urban heritage as a planning tool to support inclusiveness and heterogeneity. The city of Acre is used as a case study, where different scenarios for urban heritage are proposed and tested among stakeholders through interviews. These aim to explore how adaptive reuse processes can lead to the inclusion or exclusion of certain groups and how design interventions in historic urban landscapes challenge the way the current disconnected historic and urban layers interact. The paper presents the commonalities and differences between the interviewees' perceptions on Acre's functioning, their idea of inclusiveness and other aspects related to urban design. Moreover, it highlights the existing conflicts of interest, value prioritization and the adequacy of the proposed scenarios, serving as a way to verify the accuracy of the scenario building process. Testing an urban design tool related to adaptive reuse of urban heritage in a real and extreme case, based on the guidelines of the Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation; and critically analysing the sources of conflict and value systems to address inclusion in heterogenous settings.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-30
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0074
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Philippine landscape heritage education: review of the preparedness of
landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for cultural landscape
heritage conservation specialization-
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Authors: Kenneth Javier Tua, Gabriel Victor Aves Caballero, Susan C. Aquino-Ong
Abstract: This paper serves as a pilot study for the education of cultural landscape heritage conservation (CLHC) and review the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for the CLHC specialization. It proposes the utilization of the “Geodesign” framework in formulating a developmental process and validation of the interrelationship and collaborative activity created by the thematic areas towards landscape heritage education and professionalization. The goal of the study is to create new possibilities for the profession through the study and professionalization of cultural landscapes, thus, raising awareness and significance of cultural heritage and heritage conservation in the lenses of the Philippine landscapes. The research opted for literature reviews, comprehensive desktop reviews of the landscape architecture syllabi of higher education institutions (HEIs) and SWOT and PESTEL analyses as qualitative assessments, including stakeholder feedback discussions with the current four (4) HEIs, Philippine Association of Landscape Architects (PALA), Technical Committee for Landscape Architecture, Commission on Higher Education (TCLA CHED), Professional Regulation Commission–Board of Landscape Architecture (PRC–BOLA) and the ICOMOS IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural Landscapes, National Philippine Committee (Philippine NSCCL). The data were complemented by a quantitative assessment using Leopold and Lohani and Thann assessment matrix on importance (without considering magnitude), and for this study, it is the level of preparedness and integration. The paper brings forth to the conclusion that the landscape architecture curricula at the bachelor's degree level of the University of the Philippines – Diliman (UP – Diliman) in Quezon City and University of San Carlos (USC) in Cebu are prepared to integrate and/or consider updating their respective curriculum in accordance to the CLHC specialization. The curricula of Bulacan State University (BulSU) in Malolos, Bulacan, and the University of San Agustin (USA) in Iloilo may need to consider introducing courses related to the thematic areas to be able to create an area of basis for integration. The study is initiated as part of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) Philippines Internship programme during a master degree study wherein the research is bounded within the limit of its duration. Therefore, the study was able to only identify and chose the possible thematic areas and course concentrations for the specialization of CLHC; select, review and propose courses related to CLHC; screen courses from the landscape architecture curricula of the universities based on its course title, course information (if provided) and cross–checked with Government syllabi; and allocation of units and time per identified course as well as required prerequisite from thematic areas was not covered in this study. The paper can be used as a tool to engage discussions with the PRC–BOLA in its development of the specialization of CLHC currently being planned. Study topics and themes identified can be the starting point of training programmes that can benefit students of the current four universities in the study and landscape architecture professionals alike. This will eventually translate to benefits to society as heritage conservation methodologies are developed by practitioners who can apply such knowledge to places of cultural and natural significance and develop learnings to concrete heritage laws and policies protecting landscapes. This paper serves as a pilot study for the education and professionalization of CLHC in the Philippines. Significantly, the development of CLHC specialization in the Philippines shall open various opportunities in developing Philippine cultural landscape heritage conservationists trained at the local context.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-28
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0194
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Adaptive reuse for leftover urban landscape: ruins, remains, waste and
monsters for an approaching genealogy of future
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Annalisa Metta
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the topic of adaptive reuse referring to urban open spaces into a more-than-human perspective. It underlines that dealing with heritage means being part of an inherent and ongoing process of transformation and so that reuse is inextricably an adaptive practice, constantly facing mutations, and that adaptation is a coral practice that involves different kinds of users and makers, inclusive of human and not human livings. This paper looks at the lexicon of abandonment, in search of the more essential and intense meanings of words, and at some pioneering practices in Europe to comprehend the aesthetic and ethical implications of adaptive reuse of neglected landscapes. Processes of reuse involve many different communities of users who in turn continuously redesign the site, into a comprehensive, coral and conflicting collaboration, whose results are never given once for all and are both uncanny and beautiful, scaring and marvellous, like a monster. Accepting the idea that humans are not the only users and makers of urban sites can widen the range of tools, methods and values involved in heritage adaptive reuse. This paper tries to widen the meanings of adaptation into a multispecies perspective. It intends to broaden the range of agents that can be involved as users and makers, assuming a more-than-human point of view that is not yet commonly applied.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-27
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0118
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Living heritage sites in the M'zab valley (Algeria): community and
continuity-
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Authors: Naimeh Rezaei, Abdelaziz Khouadja
Abstract: The ancient settlements of the M'zab Valley in Algeria, called ksour, are still being used by local inhabitants a thousand years after their construction. The main objective of this study was to discover why, despite the formation of new residential areas, these settlements have been able to survive and maintain their original functions. The authors used the concept of living heritage sites as an analytical framework. The field data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. This study revealed that the reasons for the survival of these settlements were cultural and social rather than physical. Four main factors play a role in the survival of these settlements: (1) solidarity and unity among the inhabitants, (2) built environment as an ancestral heritage and a symbol of identity, (3) comfort and convenience in ksour and (4) social control and adherence to tradition. However, some concerns have arisen in recent decades that may endanger the viability of these settlements in the future, requiring more attention from the government. While previous studies on urban heritage and World Heritage Sites (WHSs) have mainly focused on tourism development and conservation issues, this paper emphasized a less-studied aspect of these sites, i.e. continuity and sustainability. All previous studies on the WHSs of the M'zab Valley have addressed the traditional architecture and the climatic design of houses without sufficiently addressing other factors that have contributed to the sustainability and resilience of these settlements.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-16
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0001
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Interconnections and continuity among planning documents of Kota Lama
Semarang development within the context of urban heritage conservation-
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Authors: Anisa Nurul Kartikasari, Bambang Hari Wibisono
Abstract: Urban conservation is an integral part of urban development planning and it is incorporated into land use rules and plans. In order to achieve the goals of an ideal heritage conservation policy, there are spatial plans, building codes and relevant regulations that should be well prepared as reference for development projects. Kota Lama Semarang (Old City of Semarang) area has been recognized as part of the origin of the development of Semarang City, the capital city of Central Java. This area has been designated as a cultural heritage area both at the city and national level since 2020. The Heritage City Conservation Program (P3KP) encourages Kota Lama Semarang Area to experience fairly massive development since 2013. On one hand, to control and manage the area, the Semarang City Government issued several official planning documents, i.e. (a) Kota Lama Semarang Area RTBL documents (2003); (b) Kota Lama Semarang Grand Design (2011); and (c) Kota Lama Semarang Site RTBL (2020), which consecutively were used as references of development projects. On the other hand, the results of development projects indicated that there are no coherent physical improvements in the area. The study was conducted to show whether there are consistencies or mismatches between the three planning documents. This study used a qualitative deductive method with content analysis technique to compare three planning documents, using the predetermined variables. The results showed that the consistency between the three planning documents was not fully demonstrated, but they are mutually interconnected. The research focused only on three formal planning documents, for which comparative analysis was undertaken using content analysis to identify consistencies and inconsistencies based on determined 9 variables. Good planning documents should be consistent, since they are used as development references. Inconsistencies among planning documents produced segmented urban environments in Kota Lama Semarang Area/Site, which are mostly due to the different institutions preparing the documents. The segmented urban development in the area has reduced the historical and cultural values of the area. Revitalization program that was undertaken has some implication to the sustainability of the local economy. The paper explores both the consistencies and mismatches among the three planning documents, which have been used as references in implementing development projects in Kota Lama Semarang Area. Failures in maintaining consistencies among documents are supposed to produce inconsistent physical development in the area, unless adjustment to current development has to be made.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-07
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0181
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Twentieth-century built urban heritage potential of the Somali region, its
management, challenges and opportunities: the case of Jigjiga, Qebridahar
and Erer cities-
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Authors: Muhammed Hamid Yasien, Tesfamichael Teshale Kebede
Abstract: The research works concerned with heritage management, in general, are available domestically and globally, but they are not as abundant as required when it comes to the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, particularly the Somali region. Thus, this research is assumed as innovative and evocative of additional research initiatives in the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, and it can assure the development of sustainable heritage tourism in the research area. The study employed a cross-sectional survey as the research design, and qualitative data of both primary and secondary types were collected for this research. Therefore, purposively selected knowledgeable individuals in heritages of the study area were involved in in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, and field surveys of twentieth-century built urban heritage sites were conducted in Jigjiga, Erer and Qebridahar cities. Generally, observation, face-to-face interview interviews and focused group discussions were used to collect primary data, and document analysis was also used to collect secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that the Somali region is rich in twentieth-century urban built heritage. The imperial palace, administrative centers, mosques, shrines, churches, military camps, Italian-built architecture sites, patriot centers, statues of local heroes, older bus stations and city centers are among the twentieth-century built heritages in the region. However, most of these heritages were not recognized. Consequently; conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century urban heritages for sustainable development are given little attention despite that there are infrastructural facilities for tourists in the region and the proximity of the region to the heritage tourism corridors of Harar and Dire Dawa. Awareness should be made to the concerned institutions and societies about socio-economic and cultural values of the twentieth-century urban built heritage. The Federal Culture and Tourism Ministry and Culture and Tourism Bureau of the Somali region should cooperatively develop a short and long-term plan of action to manage the twentieth-century built urban heritage of the region and use them for sustainable development through the participation of the society. The local institutions, communities and individuals should be aware of and involved in the conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century built urban heritages for sustainable social, cultural and economic development. As far as the researchers' knowledge is concerned, there is no research of a similar type in which the setting and results are closer to this. Therefore, this research is original and is based on extensive primary data gathered from field surveys.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-06
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0020
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Comparative analysis of military heritage in Slovakia, Slovenia and Poland
with emphasis on its use in tourism-
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Authors: Martin Drobňák, Radoslav Turik, Anna Šenková, Dagmara Ratnayake Kaščáková, Jan Derco
Abstract: The paper deals with battlefield tourism and war monuments in the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Poland. The care of these monuments and their use in tourism today takes place separately and it is interesting to see how the same potential can be used in different ways. One of the aims of the paper is to draw attention to this fact and at the same time to present the possibilities of how to improve the use of this heritage by mutual cooperation. It is based on field research of the care of military-historical monuments. At the same time, it presents, in the form of retrospective studies, basic experiences from abroad – specifically the construction of thematic trails in Slovakia, Slovenia (The Walk of the Peace) and Poland (The First World War's Eastern Front Trail). The paper points out aspects such as the care of battlefield tourism sites, cross-border cooperation in the creation of tourism products, the creation of a strategic conceptual framework for the protection of World War I monuments, their presentation to tourists, cooperation between the state, local government and the third sector. There was no systematic research in this area in Central and Eastern Europe.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-06
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0026
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The World Heritage Convention at 50: management, credibility
and sustainable development-
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Authors: Sophia Labadi
Abstract: The World Heritage Convention has reached a milestone, and this year, in 2022, it is celebrating its 50th anniversary. The aim of this article is to review whether and how the goals of the strategic action plan (SAP) for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention (2012–2022) have been reached. This article starts by considering the outcomes for three of the SAP goals, dealing with protection and management; the credibility of the World Heritage List and sustainable development, using additional information from the final implementation report of the SAP (UNESCO, 2021a), which provides key performance indicators and the implementation status for each goal and associated outcomes. This article then compares and contrasts available data, trends and examples to provide more in-depth analyses of the implementation of the three goals. Data have been gathered from my own research and from the work of other academics and practitioners. The article finds several key positive changes, including the recent revisions of the Operational Guidelines to include provisions from the 2015 UNESCO Policy on World Heritage and Sustainable Development. However, a number of concerning or worsening trends relating to the protection and management of the World Heritage List, its increasing lack of credibility and sustainable development make it difficult to conclude that the implementation of the goals has been positive. The article concludes with suggestions for addressing these issues. This paper fills a gap, as not much has yet been published on the state of implementation of the Convention at 50 years old.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-09-05
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0077
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Identification, documentation and promotion of cultural heritage: problems
and prospects in the Indian context-
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Authors: T.K. Gireesh Kumar
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to overview the current state of affairs of the Indian heritage treasures, which are being identified, restored, preserved and promoted by various organizations at national and international levels with an emphasis on its documentation aspect. Lack of information about the heritage sites, structures and its significance, especially unprotected and unidentified, leads to its permanent loss. One of the prominent measures to safeguard from such irrevocable cultural deprivation is its documentation. Further, the study aims to examine the significant challenges associated with identifying unrevealed heritage assets of the country in the context of its preservation, documentation and promotion. As a suggestive measure, the study aims to propose the need for developing a comprehensive cultural heritage register assisted with technological aids focusing on community participation in taking stock of the heritage items they possess and enable them to effectively document. The present study extracts the cultural heritage data available with the UNESCO belongs to Indian heritage assets inscribed in its World Heritage portal. The collected data has been analyzed and interpreted to overview the country's recognition at the global level. The data collected from the official portal is further explored and customized to have a lucid account. The details about the organizations and institutions working on heritage conservation and preservation activities in India are also collected. A review of published literature on the related areas has also been performed to identify the issues and challenges associated with the documentation of heritage assets to support this study. The study also included the researcher’s experience in working with cultural heritage documentation. India holds a substantial quantity of cultural as well as natural heritage items. However, an exhaustive effort to document them at the national level is not being accomplished to its full potential. Many of the assets, inheritances or sites of cultural importance have not been fully identified, preserved or documented; hence, it is unrecalled forever once lost. Some organizations and individuals working on cultural heritage lack clarity in its function and do not follow any common standards in its documentation. For any conservation activity, documentation is prime, and the local community's support is also essential. Means of international collaboration for managing and promoting the heritage are required to be encouraged. Findings of the study demand the need for utilizing digital technologies to assist the documentation process. It emphasizes the requirement of having a web-based single window online gateway where an individual or community can dispense the knowledge and resources they possess hence contributing to heritage conservation, preservation and sustainability. The study limited to Indian scenario and the data on the heritage sites are collected from UNESCO's World Heritage portal. Only the documentation and promotional aspects of the cultural heritage are discussed. There are many lesser-known and unprotected cultural heritage in different parts of the country with artistic value. The unique characteristics that have not been recorded anywhere are to be documented systematically to reduce the frequency and severity of losses. The implication of the study highlights the present scenario of cultural heritage documentation in India and the need for a comprehensive heritage information gateway supported with a register facility to precisely document and retrieve. Aspects of culture which are inherited from the past to the present are to be preserved for future generations. Digital archives of cultural heritage and the use of digital tools to document them are effective mechanisms to protect and store the data on endangered heritage items. For any such conservation effort, documentation is its first step. Developing and facilitating access to an exclusive database of cultural heritage at risk boast its sustainability and can be enriched by the involvement of local communities. Public access to such a database would greatly support administrators, tourist departments, culture departments, development administration and conservation activists to gather the details of unprotected heritage items of the country, its present condition, risk of damage, etc. which further helps in its preservation, conservation, sustainability and promotion in a constructive manner. To the authors' best knowledge, no such single and comprehensive mechanism in the country allow the individuals to contribute to the inventory list holding information about the identified, unprotected and unidentified heritage assets which are having a risk of damage, threat, decay, vulnerable, neglect, lack of use or inappropriate maintenance and development. Developing such a system with technological and data infrastructure helps to pool all the cultural heritage resources under one umbrella. It imparts the value and significance of protecting and promoting heritage inheritances and a safe haven of them from the risk of its chronic loss. The system can also support all the activities related to heritage protection and bring the local community to timely support and initiate such heritage conservation activities.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-23
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0043
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- A method for detecting and monitoring changes to the Okotoks Erratic –
“Big Rock” provincial historic site-
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Authors: Peter Dawson, Jack Brink, Alireza Farrokhi, Fengman Jia, Derek Lichti
Abstract: Designing and implementing effective strategies for managing heritage resources throughout the world has become critically important as the impacts of climate change and human-caused destruction are increasingly felt. Of particular importance is the ability to identify and track fast- and slow-moving processes associated with weathering, erosion and the movement or removal of heritage objects by natural and human agents. In this paper, the authors demonstrate how 3D laser scanning can be used to detect and monitor changes to the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource in Alberta, Canada, over a period of 7 years. Terrestrial laser scanning surveys of the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource were undertaken in 2013, 2016 and 2020. Registration was used to place the three epochs of point clouds into a unique datum for comparison using the cloud-to-cloud distance function in Cloud Compare. The movement/repositioning of rocks around the base of the erratic, the emergence of “unofficial” paths and changes to interpretive trails and fencing were all identified at the site over the time period of the study. Current conservation at the Okotoks Big Rock focus primarily on the rock art panels that are scattered over the erratic. The results of this study indicate they should be broadened so that the geological integrity of the site, which is intrinsically linked to its cultural value, can also be maintained. This is the first study the authors are aware of that utilizes terrestrial laser scanning + change detection analysis to identify and track changes to a heritage site over a period as long as 7 years.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-23
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0183
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Exploring the outcomes of digital marketing on historic sites' visitor
behaviour-
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Authors: Luzia Arantes de Amorim, Bruno Barbosa Sousa, Álvaro Lopes Dias, Vasco Ribeiro Santos
Abstract: Digital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting. This study aims to analyse the role of digital marketing in the destination image and visitor loyalty of historic sites. Using a mixed-method approach combining survey data from 318 respondents and three in-depth interviews. Using structural equations modelling results reveals experience, satisfaction, image and loyalty are concepts to be considered by the destinations' digital marketing promotion, as well as the increasing use of digital marketing by tourists, in the sense that tourists are increasing the habit of checking the opinion of others before scheduling their trip and gives them more importance, and a growing importance is given by tourists to the web/social networks of places they intend to visit. This study contributes to the theory on tourism digital marketing which can be transposed to organizations management in order to encourage discussion on the processes of capture, retention and loyalty of target audiences. To enhance the importance of digital marketing in the process of the tourist development of the city, it is fundamental to define a clear strategy for attracting and responding to the greatest demand from cultural tourists who are increasingly interested in actively participating in learning experiences. The results show that digital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting and economy recovery. The paper presents digital marketing as a possible factor in tourism development and social inclusion, advancing practical measures aimed at social justice through a fairer distribution of tourism revenues and the defence of historic centre residents' way (i.e. Barcelos’), and quality of life. The authors suggest the development of a strategic digital marketing plan applied to the development and promotion of tourism in the city of Barcelos (Portugal), to complement the research presented here, thus contributing with a more practical perspective of the subject under study.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-23
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Assessing the adaptive reuse of heritage houses in Sultanate of Oman
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Authors: Eman Hanye Mohamed Nasr, Mohamed Ali Mohamed Khalil
Abstract: Oman has a rich built heritage due to its strategic location, making its history full of events, which resulted in remarkable cultural and social heritage. The government works on preserving the built environment through the adaptive reuse strategy of abandoned buildings or sites, which is considered a comprehensive approach to sustainability. The adaptive reuse process often involves complex factors especially through decision-making, which influence the success of the generated project. The research aims at proposing an assessment strategy that offers guidelines that can help to achieve comprehensive adaptive reuse. This paper analyzes and assesses adaptive reuse interventions of selected five heritage projects in Oman. The assessment was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and local community representatives, as well as onsite observations, documentation and relevant data analyses. The results display that a comprehensive sustainable management plan for adaptive reuse projects is essential to ensure the success of the new uses in promoting the local economy, enhancing social values, preserving the cultural identity and adapting to the local environment. This contribution proposes a comprehensive strategy for assessing the adaptive reuse projects' performance that can be used as a checklist for achieving more social, cultural, environmental and economic benefits. This strategy can be further developed by extending to include more categories.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-16
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0057
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Exploring the spatial structure of Toon historical town courtyard houses:
topological characteristics of the courtyard based on a configuration
approach-
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Authors: Hamed Kamelnia, Pirouz Hanachi, Mina Moayedi
Abstract: In response, this study developed a mathematical and computational method, through spatial configurations with justified plan graph (JPG), drawn from Space Syntax to extract essential information of the spatial topology of 13 valuable traditional courtyard houses located in Toon historical city of Iran. Historical vernacular housing has always been designed to incorporate and reflect the local lifestyle and cultural conditions. “Courtyard” is a fundamental part of traditional Iranian houses. This traditional building type includes a walled boundary and a complex of open, semi-enclosed and enclosed spaces. This study investigates the traditional houses in Toon historical town. Toon is one of the ancient towns in southeast Iran, including old courtyard houses in its heritage context. The spatial influence of the courtyard contributes to the formation of this famous architectural type. The results show the remarkable impact of this space on dominating the plan of traditional Toon houses configuration compared to other spaces in all cases. Furthermore, spatial accessibility has changed over time, and the Safavid period had a higher level of integration and lower level of accessibility (mean i = 7.03) rather than the Qajar period (mean i = 6.34); also, privacy has decreased progressively. The knowledge of characteristics of this historical architecture needs to be gathered for the preservation and conservation of the built heritage. Hence, the principle behind traditional Iranian courtyards was investigated to recognize the difference between the spatial influence of the courtyard and other spaces and the changes in the courtyard over time.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-16
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0051
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Planning policies for transition from historical quarters of the global
city of Yazd to urban creativity, a case study: Fahadan quarter-
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Authors: Fereshte Rezaeian, Najma Esmailpoor
Abstract: The inscription of Yazd historical fabric in United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage list has provided the city with the opportunity of international competence and to achieve a global identity. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of the Yazd city. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of Yazd city. The article intends to provide suitable policies for converting it into a sample creative quarter in Yazd historical fabric. The article benefits from qualitative research and the strategic planning method based on a creative city approach, uses SWOT technique (a technique for finding an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) for situation analysis and the Oregon model for visioning. Two categories of hard and soft factors play a role in transitioning Fahadan quarter into a creative quarter. By expanding the scope of jobs related to jewelry, and creating its supporting activities in the food and leisure sector, a creative economy can be discovered in Fahadan quarter which alongside reinforcement of unique physical features of the area, forms a creative place. Its goal will be viewed as the place where artisans pave their way for reaching a creative quarter with new management. The research presents policies to realize soft and hard factors required for creativity in the quarter, and shows step by step a small-scale pattern in the context of urban creativity planning, that can be used in historical fabrics with similar situation.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-11
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0150
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Scrutinising community-held knowledge transfer into world heritage site
management plans: a multidisciplinary method-
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Authors: Gizem Parlak, Clarice Bleil de Souza, Federico Cerutti
Abstract: The UNESCO World Heritage Committee requires management plans for world heritage site (WHS) nominations including the evidence of involvement of all stakeholders. Many studies report different engagement methods to ensure the participation of the local communities in these plans. However, this study aims to assess and gauge the community-held knowledge transfer and the quality of their contribution to heritage management plans by proposing an interdisciplinary method. The method had been developed to scrutinise community-held knowledge transfer in WHS management plans, combining the domains of knowledge representation with qualitative social research. Local knowledge transferred into WHS management plans is poor. The proposed method gauged three levels of community knowledge transfer to WHS. The method enables results to be quantified and the process to be reproducible. The method can be used to quality control the design of WHS management plans. The method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by UNESCO. The proposed method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by ICOMOS and IUCN, which safeguard holistic aspects of heritage in WHS management plans. The method provides reproducible, quantifiable results from clear premises. Despite being applied to a case study in Turkey, it can be adjusted to any context as WHS management plans tend to follow a standard format. It, therefore, provides a tool to quality control the design of these plans.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-08-04
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0216
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The Juukan Gorge destruction: a case study in stakeholder-driven and
shared values approach to cultural heritage protection-
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Authors: Vicki Antonia Oliveri, Glenn Porter, Chris Davies, Pamela James
Abstract: In 2020, mining activity by Rio Tinto destroyed rock caves in Western Australia's Juukan Gorge that are considered sacred sites by the First Nation Peoples of that area, the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP) Peoples. This paper examines the public response to the damage caused at this culturally sensitive site and identifies cultural heritage protection strategies that emerged in the aftermath of this catastrophic event. This research applies a qualitative case study method and analysis of open-sourced official policy documents, media reports and published institutional statements. The research identified specific cultural heritage protection strategies, including stakeholder-driven advocacy and shared values approach to business practices to help foster a greater appreciation of the connections between people, objects and lands. Whilst the mining activities were considered lawful, significant gaps in the legislation to protect heritage sites were also exposed. Using a recent case that occurred in 2020, this paper unpacks how the motivations for accessing minerals can override cultural sensibilities and legal/ethical frameworks established to protect cultural heritage. This paper brings to light the liabilities associated with the mining industry when operating in a culturally significant environment where appropriate due diligence to manage cultural heritage is not thoroughly applied. The paper highlights the role the community can play in demanding improved corporate social responsibility which can, in turn, act as a strategy for cultural heritage protection.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-07-21
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0208
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Mitigating visual impacts of built structures: the contribution of mayors
in the collaborative managing of a UNESCO cultural landscape-
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Authors: Fabrizio Aimar
Abstract: Analyses of cultural landscapes need to combine natural and social-cultural components to promote discussions on landscape planning and heritage management. This qualitative research explores the integrated case study of ten municipalities in the “Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato”, Italy, a UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape. The research aims to raise awareness of its aesthetic-perceptive features, the importance of effective identification of visual impacts and to promote mitigation strategies/actions for updating the current Management Plan. Two rounds of interviews and focus groups with mayors were performed in 2015 and 2020 to identify trends and drivers of change affecting the territories. Potential mitigation strategies and actions were voted on and selected in response to five critical themes that emerged from the survey, mainly related to real estate and its supplies. The results suggest tools and policies in the fields of landscape architecture and landscape design that could benefit planning and management at different levels. They support the design of sustainable scenarios, improving mayors' understanding of the significance of cultural landscapes and promoting them as heritage managers. Furthermore, they intend to preserve the authenticity of the landscape by supporting its attributes for long-term conservation. The research makes an original contribution on the visual implications of anthropogenic landscape transformations in ten municipalities constituting this serial property, six years after its UNESCO nomination (2014).
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-07-19
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0017
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Atmospheric assemblages: the affective space of adaptive reuse
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Authors: Federico De Matteis
Abstract: Adaptive reuse entails the physical modification of abandoned architectural structures, with the activation of processes and practices leading to the re-incorporation of heritage into the contemporary life of communities. This transformation entails an affective adaptation, a re-modulation of how citizens attune to a built environment that has been returned to urban, shared forms of use. By observing the emotional ties that are established between subjects and the spaces they inhabit, affecting forms of dwelling, attachments and corporeal responses, the author can clarify how adaptation purports this affective modification, where the original ambiance is not necessarily altogether overwritten, but may rather merge with the supervening situation to give life to unique assemblages of spatialized feelings. Drawing from contemporary phenomenological theories, with their specific focus on the affective and embodied dimension of lived experience, this paper describes and discusses two instances of adaptive reuse, one in Brussels, the second in Rome, highlighting their different processes and spatial outcomes. The paper implements recent literature on spatial experience to bring to light conditions found in cases of adaptive reuse. By describing the generators of shared emotions – objects, movements, expressions, materialities, textures – it highlights how the layering of the physical world can lead to both the domestication of affects and to discrepancies and discontinuities in the fabric of experienced space. There is only a limited literature dedicated to the description of adaptive reuse processes from the contemporary phenomenological perspective. This kind of description can clarify the dynamics unfolding between citizens and experienced space in cases of heritage reuse.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-24
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0054
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Building passport for the sustainable conservation of built heritage
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Joana Dos Santos Gonçalves, Ricardo Mateus, José Dinis Silvestre, Ana Pereira Roders, Luís Bragança
Abstract: This research presents the development of a Building Passport for Sustainable Conservation (BPSC) as a questionnaire with a set of 23 core indicators, for a baseline assessment of heritage buildings. The aim of this tool is to identify priorities for future interventions, by recognising the contributions of heritage buildings to sustainability that should be preserved and the fragilities that need to be improved. The BPSC uses a selection of core indicators for sustainability observable on heritage buildings. It was applied to four different case studies of modern heritage in the Netherlands, to verify its applicability and limitations. The results suggest that this tool has the potential to contribute to an expedite assessment, reaching consensual evaluations of priorities for sustainable conservation, while reducing the time and cost of the process, contributing to support informed redesign decisions. Recently, existing building sustainability assessment (BSA) tools have been adapted and new BSA tools developed for heritage buildings. Some tools target existing buildings, but seldom cover cultural significance and heritage values. Others target the after-redesign situations – aiming at assessing how sustainable the redesign is. Often BSA tools are complex and time-consuming, with extensive indicators and data requirements. The BPSC developed in this research covers the main aspects of sustainability and related heritage values, in a simpler tool for a baseline assessment.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-22
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0177
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Preserving the historical heritage by burying new constructions
underground: the Segovia Bridge and the M-30 motorway tunnel in Madrid-
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Authors: María Jesús Rosado García, Daniel Crespo Delgado
Abstract: This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fully preserving the historical heritage at the same time reordering the cities and their traffic. This paper describes the sustainable solution designed for the landscape change required and to maintain the bridge integrity by excavating under the pier with the maintenance of traffic during its execution. It is concluded that the elimination of urban motorways on the surface often leads to the excavation of tunnels under the existing buildings, with little coverage in most of them. This complicates the implementation of burials in cities with an important historical heritage, which must be given conservation priority in the choice of technical solutions. The Segovia Bridge over the Manzanares River, the oldest bridge in Madrid, was built in the 16th century. With the burial of the M-30 motorway, it has been necessary to build a tunnel immediately under one of the bridge piers, practically without lining between the foundations and the upper slab of the tunnel.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-17
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0034
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- How to feed a culturally sustainable development plan over time: evidence
from the Tuscan Mining UNESCO Global Geopark
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Michela Magliacani, Alberto Francesconi
Abstract: This research explores the community's role in feeding a culturally sustainable development project over time and the practices which operationally allow the bridging of cultural heritage management and sustainable development according to the approach of “culture as sustainability”. The primary and secondary sources relate to nearly 20 years of life of the Tuscan Mining Geopark case belonging to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) European and Global Geopark Networks. Textual analysis was applied to the dataset. The interpretative approach was aligned with other investigations within this research field. The results highlight how a bold project in an uncertain context harnessed bottom-up mobilisation and accountability to stimulate a sustainable community empowerment. The ability to experiment and learn from experience depicts an organisational logic far from the top-down and predefined design practice widely contested in the literature. Despite a single case study was analysed, it enables researchers to craft a conceptual model for culturally sustainable development projects, and it fills the literature gap on how to operationalise culture as sustainability under the managerial perspective. The model assembles an organisational process view and practices that can be tailored to a cultural context with insights for developing culturally sustainable projects. The research increases the observations of community empowerment within culturally sustainable development projects. It demonstrates how the “incompleteness of the design” was not a weakness but rather a trigger of effective organisational practices.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0056
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Perceived value in a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the case of Quito,
Ecuador
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Jessenia Moreno-Manzo, Ariadna Gassiot-Melian, Lluís Coromina
Abstract: The city of Quito is a World Heritage Site (WHS) in Ecuador and the city owns one of the best-preserved and extensive historic centers in Latin America for cultural tourism. This study aims to identify the factors that constitute perceived value construct at the WHS of Quito. This research collects data from tourists who have visited the city of Quito, Ecuador. A total of 381 on-site questionnaires are used. Data have been analyzed using exploratory factorial analysis. Results regarding the dimensional structural framework of perceived value indicate that perceived value at the WHS of Quito has five factors: (1) monetary and non-monetary costs (MNC), (2) staff service quality (SSQ), (3) tourist offer accessibility (TOA), (4) destination attractiveness (DA) and (5) information accessibility (IA). Two new factors of accessibility have been proposed in this study for measuring consumer value at a WHS. Perceived value and accessibility have been treated as two separate subjects in academic literature before. However, this article contributes to the understanding of perceived value at WHS, including factors linked to accessibility. Both managerial and theoretical implications for WHS are discussed.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-10
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0049
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial
heritage in the Arab world: Jordan as a case study-
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Authors: Nedhal Jarrar, Suha Jaradat
Abstract: Industrial heritage is considered an essential part of cultural heritage in the world. This heritage suffers from continued marginalisation in the Arab world, particularly in Jordan, where many industrial heritage sites have not been protected or studied well due to the lack of a clear definition of cultural heritage. Most of these sites, built in the 20th century, are gradually disappearing or scheduled for demolition. This paper explores the de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world, especially in Jordan. This research investigates the modern industrial heritage in Jordan as a case study in the Arab world. A comprehensive understanding of the industrial heritage has been obtained by adopting a case study approach and using a reconnaissance survey of potential industrial heritage sites in Jordan. Seven categories were used in the analysis of the de-industrialisation phenomenon of heritage sites: ownership, location, design and types; structure, significance, deterioration and physical condition and conservation attempts and alterations. Three main approaches to industrial heritage were identified: demolition, occasional maintenance and rare examples of conservation and adaptive reuse. This study sheds light on the ownership issue of industrial structures in Jordan and invites policymakers, relevant authorities, private organisations and the public to consider the challenges and impact of de-industrialisation of such sites. This research raises awareness of the de-industrialisation discourse, and highlights the value of industrial architecture dating back to the modernity period, which was short-lived in Jordan. It also calls for serious consideration of these sites to support sustainable development in the Arab World.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-07
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0037
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community
development at Musina municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa-
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Authors: Azwindini Isaac Ramaano
Abstract: This study evaluates “the potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa.” Data on the local communities were collected by questionnaire surveys, focus group discussions and field observations. The study revealed a variety of cultural and heritage resources; however, with current fewer implications of tourism welfare on the livelihoods statuses of the communities. Thus, there was a need for a potentially sound tourism strategy in cultural heritage resources to empower the local communities in the study area. Musina Municipality has some of the most challenging impoverishment attributes within the province, defined by evident poor livelihoods. However, it remarkably possesses rich natural biodiversity and tourism destination areas. In line with the probe on the role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development, the study uncovers the values of attributing factors associated with the current nature of social heritage resources and their impacts on tourism and community developments. Issues of heritage and cultural resources on tourism and community development have become of main interest within the tourism industry.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-03
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0019
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The changing real estate investment dynamics in Indian holy cities: effect
of spirituality on property buying behavior-
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Authors: Taran Kaur, Sanjeev Bansal, Priya Solomon
Abstract: Holy cities in India are seeing tremendous gentrification. This study aims to investigate the effect of the changing lifestyle of people towards spirituality and the changing lifestyle's impact on consumer buying behavior on properties in Indian holy cities which has not been studied anecdotally. The research is exploratory in nature. A questionnaire has been sent to collect primary data through SurveyMonkey. Simple random sampling was used to collect a sample of 450 respondents which was also verified using G* software. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least square–structured equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings obtained through the structural model using bootstrapping technique suggest that intrinsic and extrinsic factors are attracting tourists leading to an increase in the demand for real estate in holy cities. The research findings may vary as per the cultural differences and belief in spirituality, which is subject to perceptual biases in different holy cities. The traditional determinants of property buying behavior are considered inadequate to attract real estate investments. The inclusion of these behavioral aspects – intrinsic and extrinsic factors may improve the investment inflows in India. Spirituality connects to the concept of behavioral real estate, where the decision to buy property is largely affected by the emotional attachment of people. This research adds value to fill the gap by finding out the latent determinant – emotional reasons impacting transnational gentrification in India.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-06-01
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0075
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Archaeological site management and the legislation challenge in Vietnam: a
case study of Vuon Chuoi-
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Authors: Ky Nam Nguyen, Quang Anh Phan, Ngoc Minh Nguyen
Abstract: This paper aims to examine the management status quo of archaeological heritage in Vietnam seen in the case of Vuon Chuoi, a complex of Bronze Age sites located in Central Hanoi, which has been believed to be Hanoi’s first human settlement. Like other archaeological sites located in urban areas, this site has been under threat of destruction caused by land encroachment pressure. Although researchers have long waged a campaign for preservation, the dissensus among key stakeholders and the dispute over responsibility have left this site at the heart of an interminable polemic over legislation. This research utilises a qualitative approach, and the primary data were collected throughout multiple field trips in 2019 and 2020. Several open-ended interviews were conducted with various state and nonstate actors involved in the Vuon Chuoi Complex’s management process. The discussion was also supported by analysing related legal documents retrieved from national archives and official online directories. This paper dissects the current legislative and administrative framework applied in governing heritage in general and archaeological sites in Vietnam, in particular. The results indicate that existing flaws in Vietnam’s legal system are detectable, and the unsystematic organisation has led to deferment of the decision-making processes. Also, there is an apparent difference found in the attitude of the bodies in charge toward the treatment of listed and unlisted sites. This research outlines that in the wake of urbanisation and industrialisation in Vietnam, a consensus among key stakeholders and an inclusive legal system are required to help preserve archaeological sites in urgent need of attention. Although several Vietnamese laws and regulations have been put into practice, they have shown critical barriers and gaps in conserving Vietnamese cultural heritage.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-31
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0039
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- “Lay down your heart” []: heritage as a driver for urban regeneration
in the East-African stone town of Bagamoyo-
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Authors: Nikolaas Vande Keere, Bie Plevoets, Peggy Winkels, Livin Mosha
Abstract: The paper aims to elaborate on the potential for regeneration of Bagamoyo (Tanzania) through adaptive reuse of its heritage sites. The town was the most important harbour for ivory and slaves of the East-African mainland during the 19th and early 20th century and the colonial capital of German East-Africa between 1885 and 1890. Today, it has 85,000 inhabitants who mainly live in informal settlements while stone town closer to the coast is largely abandoned with its historical buildings in a poor state of conservation. The first part of the paper describes the history and heritage of the old stone town Bagamoyo, and how it impacts its identity. Additionally, it summarises the critical reception of the town's role in the application to UNESCO World Heritage for “The Central Slave and Ivory Trade Route”. This, in order to consider the reuse of its heritage sites more as part of a layered regeneration process than of a singular narrative for preservation. The second part presents research-by-design proposals investigating the economic, social and cultural potentialities of three spatial layers: the main street, the coastal strip and the shoreline. The identity and therefore also urban regeneration of post-colonial towns such as Bagamoyo is the result of a complex combination of different narratives rather than of a singular one. Bagamoyo's heritage has been studied as a driver for international tourism linked to slavery but without successful implementation. This study proposes an alternative perspective by investigating its potential for urban regeneration in line with local needs. Developed in the context of a master studio of architectural design, it presents an innovative didactic approach. Moreover, the methodology of research-by-design can be inspirational for other historical towns.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-31
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0137
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The built heritage as a resource for architectural education:
documentation of the vernacular settlements and architecture in Oman-
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Authors: Naima Benkari
Abstract: Through a project of cooperation between the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism (MHT) and Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), a team including faculty members, technicians and students from the SQU department of civil and architectural engineering (CAE), was involved in the project of documentation, survey and the development of management plans of four (4) Omani Vernacular settlements (Harat). Such an experience was meant to initiate students from different levels in undergraduate programs of civil and architectural engineering to the fieldwork and professional practice in the field of built heritage studies. The present research aims to explore the effect of such an experience on the learning process and skills acquired by the involved students. The research was undertaken with students of CAE undergraduate programs at SQU. The documentation method has been implemented in 4 different settlements with the same students. A questionnaire has been administered to the participating students after their graduation to collect their feedback regarding the benefits of this experience on their education and skills development. The data was complemented by active observation and semi-directive interviews with some students randomly selected among the respondents to the questionnaire. The outcome of each documentation campaign as well as the results of the questionnaires administered revealed that this experience has raised students' awareness about the importance of studying the built heritage and safeguarding it. The research has shown that important soft skills, such as team-working, leadership and communication, have been consolidated. It has also revealed that this experience was an opportunity for students to discover the variety of options within the profession of architecture and its intellectual and ethical responsibilities. Such aspects are hardly grasped when taught within a “classical” teaching/learning setting. The main limitations of this research were the hard working conditions during the summer in Oman and the direct interaction of the students with the buildings. Even cautious, such interaction represents a risk for an already fragile heritage. The paper includes a detailed description of the architectural documentation tools and methods used in the case studies. These tools and methods can easily be applicable, with slight adaptations, in other architectural documentation projects involving undergraduate students. The documentation methodology and the generated corpus of 3D digital models can be used in other documentation projects and further studies such as architectural typologies, bioclimatic properties, natural ventilation patterns, daylight performance, etc. This paper reports on the outcomes of the first experience of its kind in Oman and the Gulf region, where undergraduate students (predominantly females) were involved in an interdisciplinary project for the documentation of important vernacular settlements and their buildings. The added value of this research is that its methodology can be a reference for professors of Architecture and related specialties aiming to integrate research and field work with education.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-31
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0211
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- World heritage designation and residential property values: the case
of Old Rauma, Finland-
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Authors: Johari Hussein Nassor Amar, Tanja Tyvimaa
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of beneficial externality generated by the World Heritage List (WHL) on residential property values in order to offer new insights into heritage discourses. The study uses the hedonic price model to estimate empirically the difference in prices for residential properties located in the Old Rauma World Heritage. The study uses residential sales transaction data from the City of Rauma from January 2005 to September 2012 drawn from an online database called KVKL Hintaseurantapalvelu managed by the Central Federation of Finnish Real Estate Agencies. The research results indicate a positive, but insignificant, relationship between the property sale prices (euros/sqm) and heritage designation. However, the total sale prices are higher in Old Rauma as the properties are significantly larger in Old Rauma compared to other properties in Rauma. Studies in heritage economics have assessed the influence of the property market on heritage listing and designation at either the national level, the local level or a mix of national/local levels. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the impact of a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) world heritage designation on residential property values. UNESCO is the leading global institution which deals with the protection of heritage sites that transcend national and local boundaries.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-24
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0121
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Considering luminous ambiance and spatial configuration within the Ottoman
old heritage buildings (Algerian palaces) focusing on their modern-day
utility-
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Authors: Selma Saraoui, Abdelghani Attar, Rahma Saraoui, Sonia Alili
Abstract: The Ottoman cultural legacy in Algeria is made up of a diverse range of architectural structures. The Algerian government strategy in connection with the Ottoman old buildings is to restore them into museums. This study will attempt to present a contrastive analysis between two old palaces being under restoration (refurbishment), and the goal is to propose a museum route by calculating the ambiance aimed at circulating the rooms by visitors. The authors analyzed the architectural components of the various entities by observing in situ and taking measurements for a single case study to get a sense of the results for the mid-season (spring and fall). The configuration was next evaluated by modeling the space syntax and combining it with a simulation of daylight luminance, for the period when the authors could not make measurements on-site. The ultimate goal is to combine these findings to suggest the ideal in-route for the future museum. This research allowed the authors to propose a museum itinerary adapted to the new vocation of the palaces, which considers the daylight as an element of composition in the spaces of circulation. The paper proposes solutions to a flow management problem encountered in several similar palaces converted into museums. The study aims to raise questions on the museum, and to preserve such heritage from neglect by giving it a new life more adapted to the needs of the Algerian society. The authors believe that this contribution will be a creative solution for issues related to the operation of palaces that have been converted into museums.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-17
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0178
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Local people's “sense of place” toward cultural heritage sites:
correlation with demographic and socio-economic characteristics-
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Authors: Mohamed Nour El-Barbary, Mariko Ikeda, Yasufumi Uekita
Abstract: The paper aims at identifying the underlying factors that differentiate the local people's demographic and socio-economic characteristics, which influence their sense of place (SoP) toward different types of cultural heritage sites in different urban regions. The paper draws on the sequential explanatory design, using quantitative and qualitative methods, respectively, to investigate the research themes in-depth. A total of 201, 207 and 228 questionnaires were collected on religious, non-religious/memorial and historic commercial buildings, respectively, at two different quarters in Historic Cairo, followed by 20 semi-structured interviews with a representative sample of local people in each quarter. The authors found an apparent similarity in the significant characteristics that influence the local people's SoP levels toward the different historic buildings at the same quarter and a notable variation between both quarters. Also, many factors determine the local people's influential characteristics on their SoP toward the different cultural heritage sites (e.g. the sites’ distance from the person's residence/workplace, economic value, people's awareness about its history, type of activities and targeted gender, feeling of stability and regions' characteristics) Identifying these underlying factors and priority local groups can assist policymakers in ensuring a sustainable management/conservation of the different cultural heritage sites. The paper demonstrates the causality of a significant correlation between local people's characteristics and their SoP levels toward the different types of historic buildings, apart from their religious symbolism or historical value, using the sequential explanatory design.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0162
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Heritage theory at work: how heritage policy in Toronto, Canada shapes a
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Authors: Luke McElcheran, Mario Santana Quintero
Abstract: Toronto's heritage program is reporting year over year growth in both the number of listed and designated properties and the amount of money secured for heritage projects. At the same time, it is widely recognized that heritage trade skills are in decline. The purpose of this research is to examine Toronto's heritage policy in its regulatory and economic context to understand why heritage trades are struggling while the heritage program and the market for heritage professional services flourish and to suggest solutions based on existing policy tools. This research looks at the policy documents at the federal, provincial and municipal level that determine the minimum standard for heritage conservation in Toronto. It refers to secondary research on the economic context for these regulations to understand how they are applied and why they tend to produce certain outcomes. It introduces the regulatory context set by Canada's Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places and the Ontario Heritage Act. It goes on to analyse Toronto's local policy in more detail including density bonusing programs, the Toronto Official Plan and Heritage Conservation District planning standards. Toronto's heritage policy creates asymmetrical opportunities for heritage professionals and heritage specializing tradespeople. While the work that heritage professionals do is required or strongly encouraged by policy and increases reliably with the amount of funding secured for heritage projects, heritage tradespeople do not enjoy similar advantages. Their work is not required in the same way as heritage professionals' or encouraged to the same degree, and money secured for heritage projects does not necessarily go towards work that would engage the building trades necessary to maintain heritage structures. The value of job creation in heritage trades is a mainstay of heritage economic advocacy, and there is growing interest in the value of these trades skills as a resource for sustainable building practices. There is relatively little research considering how heritage policy and theory affect career opportunities for workers with these trades skills, and none that addresses those systemic pressures in the context of municipal heritage programs in Canada.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-05-10
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0169
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- “Ibu-Ubu” boyhood initiation rites and the conservation of cultural
heritage in Afikpo, southeastern Nigeria-
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Authors: Vitalis Nwashindu, Ambrose Onu
Abstract: The study explores the nexus between Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, Southeast Nigeria. The study is motivated by the rarity of such cultural conservation through initiation rites in an age of Christian-inspired culture terrorism against Igbo traditional religion, arts and relics. The study adopted cultural anthropological research method. The boyhood initiation rite was studied through participant observation of the initiation between September and November 2017. As a cultural anthropological study, oral evidence was derived from the men who had undergone the rite. Through the oral evidence, interpretations were given to the material culture, monuments and heritage that have been conserved through Ibu-Ubu initiation rite. The study discovered that amid the deluge of Christian-motivated culture terrorism and erosion of Igbo cultural arts, relics and heritage, the people of Afikpo have preserved most of their tangible and intangible heritage through the Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation rites. This study will assist in the reinvigoration of campaigns on environmental and heritage conservation in Igboland. It is sufficient to posit that Igboland is ridden with myriads of environmental and cultural terrorism, perpetrated by some Christian fanatics. The study reveals the relevance of the boyhood initiation rites in ensuring the preservation and conservation of Igbo cultural heritage in a century marked with fanatical Christian evangelism, culture-terrorism and destruction of both tangible and intangible heritages, which the Christians have labelled evil, barbaric and fetish.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-27
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0142
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Incorporating multidimensional images into cultural heritage destination:
does it help to explain and analyse better'-
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Authors: Jason M.S. Lam, Zafir Khan Mohamed Makhbul, Norzalita Abd Aziz, Mohd Amirul Hafidz Ahmat
Abstract: The present study aims to examine and explain cultural heritage destination by applying multiple dimension image model (cognitive–affective–conative aspects). A total of 233 international heritage-based tourists were surveyed on-site at some of the most prominent historical attractions in Malacca, one of the first cities in Malaysia declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The covariance-based structural equation modelling was applied to examine the hypotheses. The structural equation modelling validated that cognitive image aspects such as living culture, intangible and tangible are affected positively. The effects are statistically significant for conative and affective images. On the other hand, cognitive tangible image is an aspect that impacted affective image to a lesser degree than conative image. Whereas affective image attributes were found to have significant and positive influence on conative image. This study enriches the limited empirical research study on heritage image conceptualisation by expanding into tri-component model. The destination image has garnered a great deal of attention, particularly due to its significant and impactful influence on the decision-making and the sustainable behaviour of tourists, and it has since become the subject of many studies in the tourism and hospitality literatures. But most research concerning heritage image for destinations has considered the construct uni-dimensionally.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-26
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0192
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Ongoing adaptive reuse: patterns of heritage resilience before and after
COVID-19
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Federica Fava
Abstract: The paper aims to assess the impact and responses to coronavirus disease 2019 in six European heritage labs (Horizon 2020 Framework Programme) selected for their adaptive heritage re-use practices based on participation, self-organisation and self-management. As they are naturally oriented towards building resilient urban systems, the hypothesis is that the co-production of cultural values and places promoted by these projects could create the conditions for equitable perspectives of resilience in the normality of contemporary urban life. The paper draws on data collected through a survey of six European Living Labs between January and May 2021. The survey results are framed by a literature review that defines adaptive reuse in terms of resilience. The five resilience characteristics described by Judith Rodin (awareness, diversification, integration, self-regulation and adaptability) are used to navigate the literature and organise the survey results. Combining survey results and insights from the literature, some modes and elements (territorial, social, financial) are presented that contribute to creating the conditions for resilience through adaptive heritage reuse according to community-based approaches. Without claiming to be exhaustive, this evidence should be considered in the design phase of resilience programmes, policies or projects related to cultural heritage. The concepts of community and resilience are becoming increasingly important in the field of cultural heritage. This paper makes a creative contribution to the ongoing debate by presenting and evaluating the contribution of adaptive reuse practices to resilience building.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-25
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0116
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Art and sustainability: can digital technologies achieve
sustainability'-
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Authors: Sara A. Abdoh
Abstract: This paper discusses art and sustainability in the 21st century; therefore, we can't ignore the huge technological revolution that currently exists. Art throughout history has been associated to religion, politics and economics, but now it is also connected to technology. Hence, the question arises: Can digital technologies achieve sustainability' In this regard, the research will address the effective role of digital technology in achieving sustainability in art field and its practices. The main research material is derived from my interviews with artists, professors, curators, gallerists and art historians. In addition to the references of sustainability in various fields that are related to art, as Sustainability has become a goal that all sectors are striving to achieve to preserve our planet, as much as we can, especially in the field of art which is closely related to the environment. This paper explores the possibility of achieving sustainability in art field and its practices through digital technologies. In addition, it reveals that countries that have developed digital technologies are able to apply the digital technologies in art and its practices to achieve sustainability, in contrast, developing countries they could not achieve sustainability through digital technologies. As part of a joint research project between a developing and developed country, the paper clarifies the different opinions from 14 countries about the extent to which sustainability in art is achieved through digital technology. It also outlines some successful and unsuccessful experiences in achieving sustainability in art.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-21
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0038
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Historic public paths in rural areas: engine of development and origin of
new conflicts
Open Access Article-
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Authors: David Moscoso-Sánchez, José María Nasarre-Sarmiento, Manuel Trujillo-Carmona, Manuel T. González-Fernández, Ana Luque-Gil, Víctor Sánchez-Sanz, Pablo Vidal-González
Abstract: In this article, the authors analyse a complex social process affecting historic public paths in rural areas in southern Spain. Despite the fact that urban populations are demanding the enhancement of this type of natural heritage for tourism, sports and recreational use, some parts of the network have been abandoned or usurped. The study is multidisciplinary, comprising three interlinked studies. The cartographic study comprises an inventory of public paths in rural areas based on administrative sources. The legal study analyses local, regional and national regulations governing agricultural, environmental, heritage, sports and tourism uses of the infrastructure. The sociological study analyses social discourses on the uses of public paths, and identifies conflicts between farmers, landowners, environmentalists, sportspeople and tourists. The preliminary results identified an important public paths network in Andalusia, approximately 160,000 km. The legal study found that there are laws regulating use, although local authorities do not monitor compliance or provide solutions to enhance management. The sociological study determined the attribution of environmental, cultural and economic value to public paths, but also the existence of conflicts between rural and urban populations. Given that this is ongoing research, only state of the art and some preliminary albeit sufficiently consistent results are presented. The results could help to guide public policy and governance of public paths. Public paths promote rural development and a green/sustainable economy. The research results and conclusions are original.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-19
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0010
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Lime in Cuenca (Ecuador): from patrimonial to matrilineal
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Authors: María del Cisne Aguirre Ullauri, Christian Hernán Contreras-Escandón
Abstract: Through the case of Blanca Sinchi, the following analysis presents valuation criteria that have resulted in the invisibility of social actors and cultural patrimony (cultural heritage) elements, and some contradictions in their acknowledgment process. In addition, the paper explains how architecture, among other historic assets, has made women and their contributions invisible. Bibliographic analysis and semi-structured interviews were carried out to theorize about the thermodynamic system of lime to propose a matri-lineal system category and expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony. In heritage places, such as Cuenca (Ecuador), cultural richness extends from the Historic Center to the rest of the territory and its actors. However, there are intrinsic elements, such as unknown, but fundamental, oral or family traditions associated with the role of women. The case of Blanca Sinchi and lime is evidence of this, as it shows the typical scenario affected by gender and by disparate power dynamics that do not consider desirable attributes (authenticity, integrity, identity, bequest, option, existence, among others) in the conservation of architectural patrimony. A deep redefinition process, or even a change in the valuation system, is needed. Also, the history behind built heritage items must be explored to find the contributions made by women. Proposing a matri-lineal system category to expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony, allows redefining and rewriting local and global history, acknowledging the role of women. In this way, the proposal questions not only the hegemony of the term “cultural patrimony” pigeonholed in paternal legacy but also the term “cultural heritage” as a synonym and framework that, while expanding material values, it does not effectively include, at least for Ibero-Romance language territories, the broad set of tangible and intangible values, as well as the know-how and skills of artisans.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0168
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Nightlife in historical sites: between lights and shadows (visions and
challenges)-
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Authors: Lina Nageb Fewella
Abstract: The paper aims to describe the positive and negative effects of night lights in historical sites, as well as the most salient challenges faced by the visitors of these sites and determine ways to address them. The study aims to suggest several light-and-shadow approaches and designs to enhance the experience of visiting historical sites. This study identifies problems of nightlife in historical sites with an online international questionnaire to determine the preferences and difficulties faced by visitors of historical sites during day and night. After that Egypt was determined as a sample case of a developing country; its archaeological sites need to be improved. The main problems of historical Egyptian sites were investigated and approaches in developing historical sites with interactive lighting design were presented after an online questionnaire to the Egyptian society. The paper shows that archaeological sites need some development, especially in their technological and lighting aspects, to overcome visitors’ low night-time interest in archaeological sites. Research has found certain limitations in the effects of constructing artificial illumination. The study provides modern sustainable solution for some light challenges in historical sites with approaches and solutions to solve it. The results of that research could be applied in developing countries, but with larger specific studies to the historical urban locations according to the politics of the country. The paper includes sustainable approaches in developing historical sites with technological lighting design required to enhance historical sites at night-time and make visits more interactive and interesting. This paper presents an identified need of historical sites visitors’ to study applying modern approaches in enhancing urban historical sites.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0144
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Sustainability of historic rural settlements based on participatory
conservation approach: Kemer Village in Turkey-
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Authors: Simay Cansu Ekici, Özgün Özçakır, Ayşe Güliz Bilgin Altinöz
Abstract: This paper aims to address the issue of the conservation and management of rural cultural heritage, with the aim being to gain an understanding of current problems and needs through a participatory approach, in recognition of the uniqueness of the relationship between nature, humankind and the built environment as an area of study. To this end, a comprehensive case study – Kemer Village in Turkey – focusing on the social sustainability and participatory approaches for the sustainable development of rural settlements is given. Accordingly, possible conservation, management and sustainability strategies are put forward considering the priorities and perspectives of different stakeholders. This paper approaches the subject of rural heritage conservation and management from a social sustainability standpoint, involving an on-site investigation to understand the physical and social context of Kemer Village in Turkey, which has links to different periods in history, and contains significant examples of vernacular architecture and that has maintained its cultural characteristics. Tools and criteria for participatory planning approach were applied ensuring the involvement of the local community and stakeholders. The findings of the present study reveal rural settlements to be important factors in the cultural heritage conservation and indicate the importance of prescient management and the adoption of a sustainable development model. Achieving the desired level of sustainability in historical villages through conservation of the built environment with the involvement of the local community is possible, as can be seen in the case of Kemer Village in Turkey, where the villagers and the local authorities worked in cooperation to ensure the preservation of the village's integrity. This study will describe possible long-term strategies and actions aimed at involving the local community in the sustainable conservation of the rural cultural heritage while also embracing change. It is important that the concept of sustainability is realized with participatory planning methods. In addition to that, rural heritage and social sustainability together incorporate a widespread but rarely considered set of issues addressing local needs in conservation.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-12
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2021-0087
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Destruction, heritage and memory: post-conflict memorialisation for
recovery and reconciliation-
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Authors: Zeynep Ece Atabay, Alessandra Macedonio, Tarek Teba, Zeynep Unal
Abstract: The destruction of armed confrontations – ranging from chronic armed conflicts to full-scale wars – leads to enormous loss of human lives and causes wide-scale devastation. They also leave deep and lasting traumas in the minds of those whose lives are torn apart because of a conflict. Memorialisation of conflict-affected sites plays an invaluable part in post-trauma recovery and can contribute to the reconciliation of different groups involved in a conflict as these sites are representatives of communities' collective memory, identity and a source of unity and resilience. This paper aims to investigate post-trauma recovery and reconciliation processes through the phenomena of memorialisation. It aims to answer how and if the memorialisation of sites of pain can contribute to the recovery and reconciliation of affected communities and serve as examples for other people around the world. The documentation of such processes and the lessons learnt can offer valuable information for conducting similar exercises in other settings ravaged by a conflict. To achieve this, a review of literature on trauma, memory, memorialisation and difficult heritage was conducted, while the memorialisation processes from different cases such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1939–1945), Beirut (1975–1990) and Sarajevo's Vijecnica and Mostar Bridge (1992–1995) were analysed. It was identified that the potential of memorialisation for post-trauma recovery and reconciliation is vast. However, if these processes can “heal” or “hurt” depend largely on who the stakeholders are; how the site and events are interpreted and presented; how pre/post-conflict relationships and dynamics are harnessed; how symbolic meanings (old and new) are [re]interpreted; the spatial-temporal nature of the site and those interacting with it; and the intended and perceived messages. Altogether, memorialisation of conflict-affected sites is a political and continuous process that should take into consideration all those directly and indirectly involved, the dynamics between them and all the symbolic meanings acquired and attributed to the site. The study critically explores frameworks of memorialisation and their impact on both the built environment and communities. It contributes to the wider discussion of difficult heritage memorialisation and approaches to reflect on sites and cities emerging from crises such as conflict.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-12
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0103
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Motivations as predictors of religious tourism: the Muslim pilgrimage to
the city of Mecca-
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Authors: Tahani Hassan, Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco, Orly Carvache-Franco
Abstract: Religious tourism is one of the oldest and fastest-growing segments. This study analyzes religious tourism through the pilgrimage of Muslims to the holy city of Mecca and has the following objectives: (1) establish the motivational dimensions of religious tourism; (2) identify the motivational dimensions that predict the satisfaction of religious tourism and (3) determine the motivational dimensions that predict return, recommend and say positive things about religious tourism applied to the pilgrimage to a sacred city. The sample consisted of Muslim pilgrims who had visited Mecca. The sample was collected in Bahrain, a country located on the Persian Gulf, where most of its population is Muslim. A total of 380 valid questionnaires were obtained online. For the data analysis, factorial analysis and the multiple regression method enter were performed. The results show that religious motivations are more important when visiting a sacred city than secular ones. Three motivational dimensions were found: religious, social and cultural and shopping. The three dimensions found have a significant relationship with satisfaction and loyalty. Likewise, it was found that the religious motivational dimension is the factor that most predicts satisfaction and loyalty in the behavior of religious visits to a sacred city. The main limitation of the present study was the temporality in which the sample was taken because the demand may vary at another time of the year and therefore vary its results. The authors of the study recommend that holy cities increase the religious motivations of these travelers by periodically researching their needs and organizing services to suit their desired spiritual experience. Also, to improve the social and cultural part, travel agencies and tourist companies to Mecca should promote social and cultural motivation among travelers in an appropriate way by providing service packages that involve visits to cultural and social sites such as museums and cultural centers. This research will serve as a management guide for public institutions and private companies to develop more efficient planning in religious destinations and sacred cities. This study is the first to analyze the construct of motivations in the pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, to then establish what the main motivations are that predict satisfaction and loyalty in a religious city. Thus, its results provide important information for tourist destination managers and tourism service providers.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-08
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0005
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Craft culture revival through a sustainable approach of integrating
tourism with craft promotion: case study of Puri, Odisha-
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Authors: Anisa Azharunnisa, Sumana Gupta, Sudha Panda
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to create optimally located Facilitation Centers on this tourist circuit, evaluated through network analysis, thus creating an effective linkage between tourism and economic activities of the craftsmen who are the custodians of the cultural heritage of Puri. The craft villages lying in and around this tourist circuit are surveyed to establish socio-economic condition of artisans, significance of the craft and spatial distribution of craft villages and the willingness of artisans to travel closer to the transport spine. Network analysis is used to assess the suitability of Facilitation Center location using travel time and distance as parameters. Finally, the sustainability of the Facilitation Centers is evaluated using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The Facilitation Centers can be spatially developed at the strategic locations to expand tourist market. This will help in leveraging the economic benefits of tourism to a marginalized rural artisan community by creating a sustainable model. The focus on festival can help to protect local cultural traditions, develop tourism and promote the economic, social and cultural developments of the destination. Dispersal strategies adopted aim to increase visitors' satisfaction with the product and thus entice them to stay longer in the destination.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-08
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0120
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Toward cultural significance awareness in HIS: a data model approach
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Authors: Pierre Jouan, Pierre Hallot
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to address the challenging issue of developing a quantitative approach for the representation of cultural significance data in heritage information systems (HIS). The authors propose to provide experts in the field with a dedicated framework to structure and integrate targeted data about historical objects' significance in such environments. This research seeks the identification of key indicators which allow to better inform decision-makers about cultural significance. Identified concepts are formalized in a data structure through conceptual data modeling, taking advantage on unified modeling language (HIS). The design science research (DSR) method is implemented to facilitate the development of the data model. This paper proposes a practical solution for the formalization of data related to the significance of objects in HIS. The authors end up with a data model which enables multiple knowledge representations through data analysis and information retrieval. The framework proposed in this article supports a more sustainable vision of heritage preservation as the framework enhances the involvement of all stakeholders in the conservation and management of historical sites. The data model supports explicit communications of the significance of historical objects and strengthens the synergy between the stakeholders involved in different phases of the conservation process.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-07
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0154
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- A holistic conservation and development approach for Gaziantep Rumkale
archaeological site-
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Authors: M. Serhat Yenice, Emine Yagmur
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to determine the scope and content for a holistic conservation and development strategies in the case of Gaziantep Rumkale. This approach seeks an answer to the question of “How can Rumkale archaeological heritage be preserved with their original values and passed on to future generations'” The materials of the paper are based on field research and written and visual resource. The paper has been handled with a four-step method setup. The first stage is to examine the spatial and functional background of Rumkale and its immediate surroundings based on the historical development process. The second stage is to evaluate the upper- and lower-scale planning experiences of the heritage site. The third stage of the research methodology is strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The fourth stage is the creation of cultural heritage conservation-development strategies that define strategies for the protection and development of archaeological heritage in the context of sustainability. The paper emphasizes the development of a holistic perspective that theoretically deals with the archaeological heritage sites of Rumkale together with the surrounding rural areas. In this context, the paper suggests ecological, spatial, socio-cultural, economic and institutional protection development strategies for the Rumkale archaeological site together with the surrounding rural areas for their delivery to future generations. Although the area has an important cultural heritage value for different religions and cultures, it has not been subject to sufficient scientific research. The paper develops a holistic approach by considering Rumkale and its surroundings together.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-04-05
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0146
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Traditional Mossi housing–case studies in Baasneere (Burkina Faso)
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Authors: María Lidón de Miguel, Lidia García-Soriano, Camilla Mileto, Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares
Abstract: The common language behind vernacular architecture only seems to be maintained in societies that preserve a traditional way of life. Changes in these societies can threaten their cultural heritage, while research may be a tool for its conservation and enhancement. In this paper, the habitat of a Mossi community is therefore studied as a first stage in analysing the possibilities of its maintenance. After a previous study, data collection from a stay in Baasneere (Burkina Faso) and the analysis of 32 traditional residential units were completed. The research showed some common features which, when compared against the bibliography reviewed, could be defined as characteristic of the traditional architecture of this culture. The home for a family unit consisted in an enclosure formed by the grouping of adobe constructions around a courtyard. As the family grew so did the compound, in a relationship directly linking the scales of architecture and the levels of kinship. The main daily activities took place in the courtyards while the individual interior spaces were understood as private shelters. Other typologies such as granaries, kitchens, warehouses and sheds were also analysed. Some features of Mossi architecture already described in the existing bibliography were verified in the Baasneere case studies, showing that this tradition is still preserved. With a multidisciplinary approach, the house was examined not so much from the perspective of construction, but of its cultural configuration.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-03-17
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0149
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Integrated management of heritage sites: scale development and validation
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Authors: A. Vinodan, S. Meera
Abstract: The study explores the possibility of developing a valid scale for integrated management of heritage sites to bring a holistic approach to heritage properties' conservation practices. The study followed the exploratory sequential method. An in-depth interview was adopted for exploring indicators, and a questionnaire survey was administered for descriptive analysis. Cultural resources conservation strategies have been analyzed from a tourist, local communities and stakeholder's perspective with local-specific indicators. The study indicates that a multi-dimensional approach that integrates tourists, local communities and other stakeholders-based indicators can be developed at the destination level for the integrated management of heritage properties. Tourist-centric, local community-specific and stakeholder-oriented approaches could act as catalysts for more pragmatic conservation practices in the local areas based on the site-specific indicators. The study is limited to lesser-known heritage sites located in the southern provincial states of India. The technical conservation strategies on the structure and architecture are not part of the study. Theoretical implications on the study of this kind can contribute to the literature as it throws light on future studies seeking local-centric conservation and management practices of heritage sites hitherto less explored in the domain of conservation science. The scale provides insight into the appropriate form of intervention that the local communities, tourists and other stakeholders can do at the heritage sites, hence the possibility of garnering the attention of other discipline strivings towards the conservation of heritage sites and to apply along with other relevant variables. It is expected that the study might expedite the knowledge accumulation in conservation science. The scale can be used in a similar context for the integrated management of heritage sites. The study can assist the policymakers and planners in seeking the support of stakeholders, local communities and tourists for the implementation of heritage conservation and management programs. Such a local-centric management strategy promoting responsible consumption and production could contribute to SDG 12. Further, the study can also contribute towards SDG 11.4, which calls for strengthening the effort to protect and safeguard cultural and natural heritage. This scale can be a tool for destination management organizations (DMOs) to understand the level of intervention of local communities, tourists and other stakeholders at the heritage site. The integrated management approach of heritage conservation immensely helps the lesser-known heritage sites the world over as such structures are out of the focal point of government funding and other conservation efforts. The synergy of the integrated approach could protect lesser-known unfunded heritage sites, and thereby, the cultural reflections of the community concerned can be made available for future visitors’ consumption. The study attempted to understand the conservation approaches for lesser-known heritage sites with the support of both demand and supply-side stakeholders. Such a collaborative approach is the first of this kind in the conservation of heritage sites in India.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-03-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0158
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- The perception of UNESCO World Heritage Sites' managers about concepts and
elements of cultural sustainability in tourism-
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Authors: Rafael Almeida de Oliveira, Renata Maria Abrantes Baracho, Lorenzo Cantoni
Abstract: The research aims to identify the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site (WHS) managers' perception of cultural sustainability concepts and elements in tourism. A literature review was carried out to identify the main speeches and characteristic elements of cultural sustainability present in the academic field, and then a quantitative survey was carried out with 60 managers of UNESCO WHSs to evaluate their perception of the theme. The results show that managers believe that the concept of cultural sustainability is much more closely linked to the social dimension of sustainability than to the economic and environmental dimensions. Thus, elements such as the preservation of tangible and intangible assets, the participation of society in the management of heritage, the democratization of access, the guarantee of the appreciation of culture and its preservation for future generations are basic elements for cultural sustainability. Finally, although they believe that understanding the concept of cultural sustainability is fundamental to their activities, they still lack knowledge of how to measure cultural sustainability in their spaces. Although the theme of sustainability has several published studies, most of the work focuses only on studies of its social, economic and environmental dimensions. The debates on the role of culture in sustainability are still incipient, and understanding the managers' perception of the topic enables the creation of more effective strategies that guarantee cultural sustainability in heritage by tourism.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-03-08
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0058
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Documenting cultural heritage in an INSPIRE-based 3D GIS for risk and
vulnerability analysis
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Elisabetta Colucci, Francesca Matrone, Francesca Noardo, Vanessa Assumma, Giulia Datola, Federica Appiotti, Marta Bottero, Filiberto Chiabrando, Patrizia Lombardi, Massimo Migliorini, Enrico Rinaldi, Antonia Spanò, Andrea Lingua
Abstract: The study, within the Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage (ResCult) project, aims to support civil protection to prevent, lessen and mitigate disasters impacts on cultural heritage using a unique standardised-3D geographical information system (GIS), including both heritage and risk and hazard information. A top-down approach, starting from existing standards (an INSPIRE extension integrated with other parts from the standardised and shared structure), was completed with a bottom-up integration according to current requirements for disaster prevention procedures and risk analyses. The results were validated and tested in case studies (differentiated concerning the hazard and type of protected heritage) and refined during user forums. Besides the ensuing reusable database structure, the filling with case studies data underlined the tough challenges and allowed proposing a sample of workflows and possible guidelines. The interfaces are provided to use the obtained knowledge base. The increasing number of natural disasters could severely damage the cultural heritage, causing permanent damage to movable and immovable assets and tangible and intangible heritage. The study provides an original tool properly relating the (spatial) information regarding cultural heritage and the risk factors in a unique archive as a standard-based European tool to cope with these frequent losses, preventing risk.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-03-01
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0068
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of
customary law-
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Authors: Donna Asteria, Putri Alvernia, Berliana Nur Kholila, Sabarina Isma Husein, Farha Widya Asrofani
Abstract: The Baduy tribe has its own uniqueness and values regarding the forest; it manages the forest using customary law to keep it sustainable. This research aims to describe the position of customary law used by the Baduy tribe to conserve forest areas. This research is a qualitative research conducted in September 2019 and 2020 at Baduy. The data were collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with informants related to the Baduy tribe. The collected data included documentation and interview transcripts that were translated into English. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive manner, equipped with related evidence. The Baduy community holds firm to its customs and culture called pikukuh. The Baduy community applies the concept of sustainable forest management in that local communities are directly involved in forest management activities to improve welfare and implement sustainable forests. The implication of this research is that it is beneficial for forest conservation based on customary law, using the conservation approach of the Baduy tribe as a local community in protecting the sustainability of forest resources and their sustainability for the next generation. This study contributes as a guide for the government to formulate policies that will include local communities into conservation programs and government policies. It may apply to a study of coordination with related institutions such as the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in implementing forest conservation. This study uses primary data from the Baduy tribe, which has unique local traditional values regarding the territory and the important role of the forest. The originality of the findings from the excavation of each activity was based on the procedures and beliefs regulated in customary law regarding forest management. Preservation of traditional knowledge in customary law has contributed to the urgency of sustainable forest conservation and biodiversity conservation, which is part of the traditional knowledge of the Baduy tribe.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-03-01
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- A review of ontologies for augmented reality cultural heritage
applications-
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Authors: Apostolos Vlachos, Maria Perifanou, Anastasios A. Economides
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review ontologies and data models currently in use for augmented reality (AR) applications, in the cultural heritage (CH) domain, specifically in an urban environment. The aim is to see the current trends in ontologies and data models used and investigate their applications in real world scenarios. Some special cases of applications or ontologies are also discussed, as being interesting enough to merit special consideration. A search using Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore was done in order to find articles that describe ontologies and data models in AR CH applications. The authors identified the articles that analyze the use of ontologies and/or data models, as well as articles that were deemed to be of special interest. This review found that CIDOC-CRM is the most popular ontology closely followed by Historical Context Ontology (HiCO). Also, a combination of current ontologies seems to be the most complete way to fully describe a CH object or site. A layered ontology model is suggested, which can be expanded according to the specific project. This study provides an overview of ontologies and data models for AR CH applications in urban environments. There are several ontologies currently in use in the CH domain, with none having been universally adopted, while new ontologies or extensions to existing ones are being created, in the attempt to fully describe a CH object or site. Also, this study suggests a combination of popular ontologies in a multi-layer model.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-02-22
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0110
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Past, present and future challenges for Australia's indigenous heritage
management national policy-
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Authors: Hilary du Cros
Abstract: Australia appears to be encountering a crisis in the protection of certain heritage places, despite its strong reputation in heritage conservation built up since the 1970s. Consequently, this paper examines changes to national cultural heritage management policy over the last few decades to understand more about this crisis. Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage) was selected as the key focus. This paper applies a cultural heritage management framework tested first in Hong Kong to measure Australian paradigm change over 45 years. It found the 1990s shift away from the provision of independent technical advice on national heritage policy has had a major impact. This shift is based on a change in ethos away from the earlier Whitlam/National Estate broader vision of heritage responsibilities towards a narrower more conservative one at the national level. Also, it found that studies and policymaking should allow for Indigenous voices. More Indigenous input in heritage policy formulation at all levels of government would further decolonise Indigenous heritage governance to deal justly with Indigenous Australians and their heritage. Resources did not allow for comparative studies of the non-Indigenous (historic) and natural heritage as part of the current study. The study also included a consultation paper and an online conference presentation that have raised questions about the efficacy of current national policy on Indigenous places, on which a national conversation is urgently needed. The recent review of the National Heritage Strategy by the Australian Commonwealth Government based some of its proposed options on those listed in the consultation paper to initiate this conversation in a limited way. One finding is that attention to heritage policy and protection must be ongoing at all levels of government and inclusive of First People's human rights, particularly those concerning their heritage. In regard to Australia, most Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander respondents in this study would like to see targeted funding return for more than just iconic Indigenous places and for the creation of a more independent heritage body that allows them more self-determination in the care of their heritage. The paper's value is that it investigates the Australian Heritage Commission's impact in the development of Australian cultural heritage management and associated national policy. Also, it provides insights for other postcolonial or New World settler societies dealing with the same issues or any decision-makers considering establishing a national independent body to oversee heritage protection and policymaking.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-02-18
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0079
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Not all deities were transformed in Igboland: a cultural history
of the Api-Opi deity-
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Authors: Mathias Chukwudi Isiani, Stanley Jachike Onyemechalu, Somtochukwu C. Osinem, Sopuluchukwu Amarachukwu Dimelu, Ngozika Anthonia Obi-Ani
Abstract: This study examines the cultural history of the Api-Opi deity in Opi, Nsukka, Enugu State of Nigeria. The study sets out to examine the re-emergence of youthful worshippers of Api-Opi, despite the penetration of Christianity in the area. The study employed ethnographic observation and field visits to the shrine of Api-Opi in Opi community of Enugu State, Nigeria. In addition, this study uncovers new information drawn from semi-structured interview questions undertaken in the study area between March and October of 2019. Against certain claims on the impact of Christianity on Africa's traditional religions, the study found that the Api-Opi deity has withstood these post-colonial changes, growing its followership, particularly amongst the youths. It demonstrated the resilience of Igbo Traditional Worship System even in the midst of culture clash and religious iconoclasm advanced by Christianity in Igboland, Nigeria. Evidence from this study helps debunk the notions of Eurocentric scholars who say African traditional religions are fetish, barbaric or primitive. It also shows how indigenous communities have protected and preserved their religious heritage despite the wave of modernization and other eternal influences. The study contributes to the increasing conversations about the role of traditional religion in the cultural resilience/revitalization of indigenous communities.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-02-14
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0132
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- From mine industries to a place of culture, tourism, research and higher
education: case study of the great mine Serbariu-
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Authors: Sara Pau, Giulia Contu, Vincenzo Rundeddu
Abstract: This study aims to explore how closed factories could be transformed and provide a path for sustainable development for a territory. The authors focus on the case of the Great Mine Serbariu, located in Carbonia (Sardinia), which used to be the largest coal mine in Italy between 1939 and 1964. The authors adopt a qualitative research design based on an exploratory single-case study, drawing on interviews with the main stakeholders, on a survey conducted among 5,158 visitors, and on administrative documentation of the City Council. The analysis of the Great Mine Serbariu case showed that the regeneration of an exhausted mine serves a model of sustainable development, especially for the redevelopment of other urban and industrial degraded areas. The Great mine Serbariu was restored and turned into a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education, with the Italian Cultural Centre of Coal Mining (ICCCM) establishing its headquarters in the heart of the former mine. It attracted almost 220,000 visitors, generating both domestic and international tourist flows and making an industrial heritage a real resource for the area. This article advances the authors’ understanding of how closed industries could become an instrument for sustainable development on the social, economic, touristic and cultural levels. This study would help local governments with examples to enhance the historical resources to create a new identity that led to a sustainable development of an urban landscape, and to create networks with other comparable museums all over Europe to better exploit the touristic and cultural potential.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-01-26
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0044
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Ancient routes, new gateways: a systematic literature review of
China's cultural route heritage
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Ke Zhang, Almudena González del Valle-Brena, Ignacio Ramos Riera, Jingli Zhao
Abstract: The study aims to understand how cultural route heritage is conceptualized and managed in China by systematically reviewing the research literature on Chinese cultural route heritage (CRH). The study intends to inspire further discussion on the theoretical and practical development of cultural routes since the development is still at a liminal stage in China. A total of 253 research articles related to Chinese cultural rote heritage from major Chinese and English research databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus have been comprehensively identified and reviewed for the purpose of the study. Four major themes of research on Chinese CRH have been identified: conceptual evaluation, list of the routes and characteristics of the routes, conservation and utilization. The results revealed that China has very rich resources in CRH, many of which were formed a long time ago, which exist across vast geographic regions and have assumed multiple functions and undergone dynamic reciprocal exchanges among diverse cultures and ethnicities. The paper summarizes some major obstacles faced by CRH in China and proposes a strategic model to address the need for a more sustainable development of CRH in the Chinese context. The paper offers a comprehensive overview of CRH in China and discusses practical issues in management and development of heritage great in size, number and complexity.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-01-24
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0114
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Ecotourism motivations and segmentation in a Fauna Production Reserve in
Ecuador-
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Authors: Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco, Orly Carvache-Franco, José Borja-Morán
Abstract: In recent years, tourists have been progressively increasing their interest in the natural environment and its enjoyment. The objective of this study was: (1) identify the underlying variables or motivational dimensions in ecotourism; and (2) analyze the demand segmentation in ecotourism. The empirical analysis was carried out in “Puntilla de Santa Elena” Fauna Production Reserve in Ecuador. The sample consisted of 369 surveys obtained in situ. For the data analysis, a factor analysis and a nonhierarchical K-media segmentation were performed. The results show six motivational dimensions in ecotourism: “Self-development and Interpersonal relationships,” “Building personal relationships,” “Escape and ego-defensive function,” “Marine nature,” “Terrestrial nature” and “Rewards.” Also, according to their motivations, three segments of ecotourists emerged: “Reward and escape,” “Marine nature” and “Multiple motives.” The limitation is the temporality with which the study was carried out. Another limitation was the number of the samples used. As future lines of research, it is proposed to investigate the offer related to ecotourism products and services adapted to the demand segments found. Among the practical implications, operators and companies linked to the tourism sector can plan more efficient strategies, adapted to the specific needs of each segment to improve the satisfaction of tourists and the intentions of returning to the destination, providing greater benefit to the tourists, to the sustainable development of the destination and the community. The findings of this research can help public institutions and private companies to improve the tourism supply, create sustainable plans and potentially develop more efficient marketing planning. Protected areas will benefit from information about demand. The communities will be able to elaborate products according to the motivations and found segments. Administrators will be able to create sustainable management plans for ecotourism. As ecotourism grows, it is vital to understand the ecotourists' motivations and segmentation to improve each segment service offering. This study presents original results of the motivations and segmentation of the demand for ecotourism based on a reserve area for the production of coastal marine fauna. To obtain valid results, a study was carried out in Ecuador, this being a country with a great variety of flora and fauna ideal for ecotourism.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-01-24
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0124
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Heritage futures: A conversation
Open Access Article-
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Authors: Cornelius Holtorf, Annalisa Bolin
Abstract: This article explores the concept of “heritage futures”, the role of heritage in managing relations between present and future societies. It assesses how thinking strategically about the future changes, complicates and contextualises practices of heritage. What might an attention to the future bring to work in heritage, and simultaneously, what challenges—both practical and ethical—arise' This article takes the form of a conversation about the nature of heritage futures and how such a project may be implemented in both heritage practice and field research in heritage studies. The two authors are heritage scholars who integrate heritage futures questions into their research in different ways, and their conversation uncovers potentialities and difficulties in the heritage futures project. The discussion covers the particular ethical issues that arise when the dimension of time is added to heritage research and practice, including questions of continuism, presentism and specificity. The conversation argues for the importance of considering the future in heritage studies and heritage practice and that this forms a key part of understanding how heritage may be part of building a sustainable present and future. The future is an under-examined concept within heritage studies, even as heritage is often framed as something to be preserved “for future generations”. But what impact might it have on heritage practice to really consider what this means, beyond the platitude' This article suggests that heritage scholars and practitioners direct their attention to this often-neglected facet of heritage.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-01-13
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0156
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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- Stakeholders' consciousness of cultural heritage and the reconciliation of
different needs for sustainable development-
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Authors: Selena Aureli, Mara Del Baldo
Abstract: The paper aims to investigate the approach and tools adopted by an Italian city, included amongst the UNESCO World Heritage sites (WHS), to involve different stakeholders in the protection and valorisation of its historical centre to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The paper focusses on the role of local authorities as the key actors that should engage different city users to jointly achieve heritage conservation and socio-economic development. Data were collected, thanks to the researchers' direct participation in a project launched by the municipality of Urbino, which involved several local stakeholders and lasted about a year. Participant observation allowed the authors to collect informal interviews, join collective discussions and reflect on the direct observation of the activities undertaken. The case study analysed suggests how participatory governance may be effective in fostering responsible principles in “asset usage” by any type of city users and how citizens actively co-design and co-implement initiatives of heritage revitalisation when engaged in cultural heritage (CH) policies. The paper addresses a long-standing problem that has never been solved: how to enhance the consciousness of the CH amongst stakeholders and reconcile their different and conflicting needs in the historical urban environment in the process of revitalisation.
Citation: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
PubDate: 2022-01-03
DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0156
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
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