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Abstract: Abstract Cities may wish to create more lively urban areas by zoning for mixed uses. The purpose here is to identify factors explaining the gaps between plans and outcomes for non-residential uses of ground floors in a Swedish housing programme with 30 development plans for apartment building infill in low-density suburbs already dominated by apartment buildings. We assume that outcomes depend on zoning, urban design factors, mobility factors and socio-economic factors. Documents and field observations reveal that vertical zoning has had limited effects. Correlation analysis indicates that active non-residential ground floor frontages reflect access to public transport, while vacancies are associated inversely with area incomes. Typical ground floor uses are the retail sale of food and services to the human body. A political goal of active ground floors in low-density suburbs might need subsidies if vacancies are to be avoided. PubDate: 2024-08-01
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Abstract: Abstract The street space of China’s inner cities performs the function of organizing neighbourhood services. This study aims to understand the typological characteristics of street network structures from a spatial configuration perspective and their impact on neighbourhood facilities’ layout. The study selected four Chinese inner cities and adopted a route structure approach comprising continuity, connectivity, and depth to distinguish seven street types. A correlation analysis between street configuration and Baidu maps’ points of interest revealed different street types’ ability to support service facilities and how street-type combinations affect the block group unit’s overall cohesion. Finally, it proposed an ideal street network model to provide reference for neighbourhood design practice and presented adaptive suggestions for a value cognition and management system. This study established a direct connection between cognition in the field of urban morphology and practice in the field of urban design, thus providing new perspectives on neighbourhood community design. PubDate: 2024-07-22
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Abstract: Abstract Urban design is an interdisciplinary discipline integrating elements of science and art, depending on each discipline being researched or practiced. Its classification as a science, a non-science (i.e., an art), or both, remains a widely debated topic in the field. This paper presents at least three reasons why urban design can be treated as a science (not an art) in particular fields, such as population health, which require more objective tools and indicators: the importance of systematic data analysis, the emphasis on evidence-based decisions and assessments, and the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration. This scientific perspective enables urban design to more effectively address public health challenges in built environments. Further, the paper proposes key future directions to enhance the scientific approach to urban design in relation to population health. These include the development of standardised terminology and metrics, the application of data-driven technologies such as geospatial artificial intelligence, the establishment of science-based urban design codes and policies, and the enhancement of urban design education through scientific research methods. These steps are essential to advance the scientific understanding of urban design’s impact on health. PubDate: 2024-07-03
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Abstract: Abstract Sport activities and a green environment to spend time in are vitally important for children’s health and well-being. In this study, we focused on 353 kindergartens in towns located in eastern Poland (Białystok, Lublin, and Rzeszów). Only 41% of the kindergartens were located in buildings designed for them. Twenty-five percent of the buildings had large, well-organized recreation grounds on their plots that guarantee proper activities for children among greenery. The situation was much better in the case of public buildings constructed in the 1960s–1970s than in new private ones, mostly located in buildings adopted for kindergartens or on the ground floors of apartment buildings, or ex-single-family houses. Nearly one-third of the kindergartens had no playground and greenery. The results of analysis show that it is necessary to develop a national strategy for planning new kindergartens with green playgrounds, as well as to provide more comprehensive greening subsidy schemes in case of existing education facilities. PubDate: 2024-07-01
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Abstract: Abstract This article addresses the question of how to develop planning and design frameworks capable of accommodating long-term neighborhood adaptability. Despite recent studies offering normative ideas to tackle this challenge, there is a noticeable shortage of investigations examining the effective role of planning in the genesis and evolution of successful existing urban areas. In helping to bridge this research gap, the article undertakes a comprehensive study of planning and design measures which has guaranteed the formation and evolution of Kreuzviertel, in Dortmund, Germany. It analyses the neighborhood’s genesis, contemporary urban planning characteristics, factors contributing to its appeal, and the effective contributions of planning and design interventions to its success. The article reflects on this case study and more general implications on the topic. PubDate: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-024-00243-6
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Abstract: Abstract Verticalization reconfigures plot patterns and private space's relationship with public space at the street level. This paper analyzes eight verticalized neighborhoods in the Santiago Metropolitan Area (SMA) to understand what plot patterns emerge from verticalization and how plot transformation processes affect public space. The empirical research was based on the analysis of plot surface and plot geometry transformations, and of spatial planning urban codes. The study develops quantitative measures and qualitative analysis identifying and presenting four plot transformation categories: (1) Homogenous verticalization through regular plot transformation, (2) Incomplete verticalization through diverse plot configuration, (3) Scattered and intense verticalization, with a partial plot reconfiguration, and (4) Scattered verticalization with changes in plot pattern. The evidence suggests that the plot structure's initial configuration contributes to the urban fabric's consistency and adaptability to verticalization and that urban codes are inconsistent with pre-existing urban form. Plot pattern transformations derived from verticalization unleash significant scale changes in the urban fabric that reconfigure the public–private interface, with greater degrees of enclosure between the plot and the street. PubDate: 2024-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract The learning landscape concept reflects shifts in the methods of learning and conducting research in universities. Public spaces within university campuses should constitute an essential component of the learning landscape as arenas of planned and serendipitous encounters, which may foster creativity and trans-disciplinary networking. However, their spatial configurations remain an under-researched topic. This paper assesses the quality of public spaces on campus based on the results of a crowdsensing survey. The Third Campus of Jagiellonian University in Krakow was selected as a case study; this is one of the largest projects of this kind carried out in Poland since the political and economic transformation of 1989. The behaviour of users provides evidence of the generally low quality of the public spaces despite the advantages of the urban layout of the campus. The paper proposes recommendations that may bring the spatial organisation of the campus closer to a fully fledged learning landscape. PubDate: 2024-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Post-war modernistic urban designers prioritized function and materials rather than preservation of memories at waterfronts, resulting in the destruction and scattering of places of memory. This research proposes a culture-driven revitalization method for waterfronts in China, based on the theory of place narrative. The approach involves (1) identification of narrative contents, which are the places of memory in the context of urban space; (2) construction of narrative structure to organize these places and their memories; (3) employing narrative devices to narrate memories and connect these places. Subsequently, the narrative-led approach is illustrated with global cases. Based on the urban context and specific situation of Haiyan moat waterfront, this approach is practically applied to the waterfront space. By collecting memory information along Haiyan city moat, a story was developed around its theme, showcasing the diverse characteristics of the waterfront. Based on narrative contents, a linear narrative structure is constructed that emphasizes the material space and cultural connotation. Narrative techniques are used to enhance the experience of specific scenes and nodes at waterfront. This approach draws on conventional urban design interventions such as walkability optimization and events marketing. Overall, this paper contributes to exploring a narrative-led revitalization approach that considers all physical space, cultural meaning, and their relationship, thus highlighting urban memories and promoting cultural sustainability. PubDate: 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-024-00248-1
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Abstract: Abstract This study focuses on converting abandoned elevated transportation infrastructure into high-quality, pedestrian-oriented public spaces. To discuss planning implications, we categorized the outcomes of various projects into typologies. This practice may be a trend; however, it remains scarcely understood, depriving planning professionals of adequate tools to assess the potential and adequacy of conversion. By tracing its origin within the history of linear parks and green corridor planning, we discuss the general conversion of abandoned transportation infrastructure and the transition to elevated parks as the outcome. Subsequently, considering the existing studies on this genealogy, we defined three typologies of elevated parks according to an interconnected understanding of their connectivity, design, location, and functions. By reviewing the elevated parks within this genealogy and providing a framework for this typological study, we offer a reference for planners to accurately interpret and use this planning practice to design public spaces. PubDate: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-024-00245-4
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Abstract: Abstract Recent decades have been characterized by dynamic changes in the urban design process in post-transition countries such as Poland. Numerous activities have focused on upgrading the urban environment. The transformation that drives change also requires some new skills, which are described in the theory of reflective practice: observation, experience, and reflection. The goal of this paper is to build a descriptive scheme of the urban design process based on the reflective practice approach. The case of Kartuzy was chosen as the authors of this paper actively participated in this town’s 10-year redevelopment process, which can be seen as an experimental approach. The experience gathered allowed them to generate results on the issue of reflective practice, both in the sphere of practical skills and the theoretical results of research. One of the main conclusions is that knowledge exchange, observing the influence of actions of participants, and experiencing various types of interactions in the process of spatial development all drive reflection, which is a crucial element for taking another step in improving the quality of the urban design process. This paper contributes to a discussion on using reflective practice in the context of the development of public spaces towards making them more sustainable. PubDate: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-024-00246-3
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Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating. A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating. A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating. A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating. A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
Abstract: Abstract In Manila, like many regions in the global south, the steady march towards urbanisation has generated an intensive urban landscape of high-rise buildings and large patterns of unplanned and often illegal settlements. Although the Philippine government has formulated several programmes to control the irregular growth of its territory, none of these initiatives has fully addressed the challenge of urban informality. This article examines the initial outcomes of a long-term research plan focused on the development of an upgrading strategy for the informal community of BaSECo in Manila. It describes the preliminary stages of the socio-spatial analysis of the district as well as the participatory process, carried out through a series of studies and fieldwork activities that involved students, NGOs and the community itself. The results of this work suggest that ‘action research’ can become a critical tool for experimenting with alternative strategies in the revitalisation of informal settlements. At the same time, this study highlights the importance of using on-site academic activities to develop an integrated approach that blends architectural education and research with raising students’ awareness of the socially responsible application of architecture and urban design. PubDate: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-021-00168-4
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Abstract: Abstract The term ‘co-production’ has been used in various fields, including planning, as collaborative forms of public goods and service delivery gain significance. Co-production has two sides—the ‘co’ side refers to actors and their motivations, while the ‘production’ side refers to phases and instruments. This paper examines privately owned public space/s (POPS) based on the two sides of co-production. Thereby, it addresses two research gaps. First, less has been written to date on the involvement of actors other than local authorities and developers. Second, little attention has been paid to the phase through which POPS are co-produced. The paper fills these research gaps by presenting the empirical work undertaken in HafenCity, Hamburg. It reveals a wide range of actors engaged in four different phases through various instruments. This paper also identifies challenges of co-production of POPS, and makes recommendations. PubDate: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-024-00239-2
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Abstract: Abstract The design of urban public space is inherently problematic because the range of its possible uses and meanings is broad and unpredictable. This paper engages this problematic through the lens of Gibson’s theory of ‘affordances’—the ways the material world affords for human desires. We first explore some conceptual and methodological problems of the theory of affordances and its application in understanding and designing public space. These dimensions of affordance theory are then reconceived using the relational thinking of assemblage and actor-network theory (ANT). A key contribution of the paper is an expanded typology of affordances which includes improvised and serendipitous affordances that extend beyond the intentions of designers and users. This opens new ways of thinking about the design of urban public space as a space of possibility where outcomes are open, multiple, and unpredictable. The paper suggests how urban spaces can be shaped to better support rich cultural diversity and social inclusion. PubDate: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00235-y
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