Authors:Jose Luis Muñoz Marcillo Abstract: The need to satisfy the nutritional requirements of the Ecuadorian population, added to the public policy of increasing the income of foreign exchange to maintain the economic model of the country through the export of agricultural products, has increased the establishment of several monocultures in large areas of land, increased importantly the use of water for irrigation of these crops. The objective of this work is to analyze the change in time and space in the use of agricultural land, the expansion of its border and the pressure on the water resource exerted by irrigation in the Vinces river basin in accordance with the concessions of water granted by the governmental authority with competence in the basin. This research entailed the compilation of digital geoinformation, its subsequent processing in Geographic Information Systems, tabulation of official statistical information and verification in the field. The conceptual integration of the Integrated Management of Water Resources allows to advance in the understanding of the complexity and the difficulties to achieve a balance between the natural and social processes that affect us. The main agricultural coverage of the Vinces river basin represented by the monocultures of banana, cocoa and oil palm presented a notable and progressive time-space change (expansion of the cultivated area) and increased pressure by the basin water for the irrigation in the long dry season. The historical water concessions for irrigation extended in the Vinces river basin by the environmental authority do not reflect the true volume used by the agricultural sector in the summer stage, which is demonstrated by relating the volumes of water granted, the hectares of crops planted and the actual water requirements for the aforementioned crops to achieve their maximum productivity. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Sebastián Araya-Pizarro Abstract: The objective of this paper was to analyze the incidence of Covid-19 in the behaviour of tourists in the Coquimbo region. The methodology had a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, descriptive type and cross section. The data were collected through a survey applied to 979 people, whose statistical analysis included the application of the binary logistic regression. The results reveal changes in the tourist's travel behavior manifested in a greater concern for hygiene and safety. Tourists, post Covid-19, show a greater intention to find out about the destination, preference for visiting nearby places and less crowded (with a focus on nature, sun and beach tourism), and less intention to have contact with local residents. The multivariate analysis confirms the inverse and significative relationship between risk perception and the tourist's travel intention. It is concluded that post-Covid-19 tourism establishes a new profile of the tourist, more demanding, who demands strict hygiene and safety standards. Therefore, the challenge for tourism organizations is to work to restore confidence to visitors within the framework of a new travel culture. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Clímaco Geovani Espín Ortiz, Julian Leoncio Rodriguez Rodriguez Abstract: El turismo causa impactos en las comunidades de recepción y en los ecosistemas. Para reducir al máximo estos impactos, la Organización Mundial del Turismo y las Naciones Unidas, han reclamado a los gobiernos considerar la sostenibilidad como un objetivo global. Elaborar políticas para una estrategia práctica común que permita medir la sostenibilidad del turismo, es el reto actual. Sin embargo, no será fácil lograr su ejecución de manera específica, si se tienen presente los intereses de las partes interesadas que intervienen en el sector del turismo. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el estado actual de la sostenibilidad ambiental del turismo en la provincia de Pastaza (Ecuador). Se utiliza una metodología mixta, que parte del análisis documental para determinar las variables afectadas por la actividad turística y su cuantificación a través de indicadores. A partir de 19 indicadores específicos seleccionados para la dimensión ambiental, se propone un índice sintético de desarrollo sostenible ambiental del turismo, como criterio de la sostenibilidad ambiental del turismo. El cual contribuirá a implementar decisiones para mejorar la eficiencia y la sostenibilidad de la gestión del turismo.Palabras clave: biodiversidad, turismo, índice de sostenibilidad, Pastaza, EcuadorAbstractTourism causes impacts in the receiving communities and in the ecosystems. To minimize these impacts, the World Tourism Organization and the United Nations have called on governments to consider sustainability as a global objective. Developing policies for a common practical strategy that allows measuring the sustainability of tourism is the current challenge. However, it will not be easy to achieve its implementation in a specific way, if the interests of the stakeholders involved in the tourism sector are taken into account. The objective of this research is to analyze the current state of sustainability of tourism in the province of Pastaza (Ecuador). A mixed methodology is used, which starts from the documentary analysis to determine the variables affected by tourist activity and their quantification through indicators. Based on 19 specific indicators selected for the environmental dimension, a synthetic index of sustainable environmental development of tourism is proposed, as a criterion of the environmental sustainability of tourism. Which contributes to implement decisions to improve the efficiency and sustainability of tourism management.Keywords: biodiversity, tourism, sustainability index, Pastaza, Ecuador
Authors:Ronald Moisés García Riofrío Abstract: El cantón Piñas goza de una diversidad de recursos tanto de carácter cultural y natural en su territorio, es por este motivo que se ha determinado como objetivo principal de este trabajo investigativo el análisis de la potencialidad ecoturística del cantón Piñas perteneciente a la provincia de El Oro. Permitiendo el incremento de la economía y el desarrollo de nuevos proyectos ecoturísticos, aprovechando de manera sostenible los recursos que contiene el territorio. Para el desarrollo efectivo de esta investigación se llevó a cabo un análisis del sistema turístico con dirección a los elementos internos que lo conforman, los cuales permiten identificar el estado actual de los atractivos que existen en el cantón, por esta razón se implementó una metodología en base al método deductivo utilizando la herramienta ficha de jerarquización de atractivos y generación de espacios turísticos diseñada por el Ministerio de Turismo, junto con un enfoque de observación directa. En consecuencia, los resultados obtenidos mediante la investigación evidencian que el cantón Piñas posee como fortaleza un alto estado de conservación de sus atractivos naturales, sin embargo, carece de ejecución de planes de difusión de sus atractivos ecoturísticos, lo cual permitiría llevar a cabo un incremento de visitantes y turistas. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Melissa Paulina Calle Iñiguez, Samantha Anabel Serrano Minuche, Karina Salazar Ramírez Abstract: La pandemia global debido al Covid-19 ha generado cambios en los diferentes ámbitos tanto sociales como culturales y asimismo económicos. Sin embargo, el sector turístico también se ha visto afectado produciendo un impacto negativo en la prestación de sus servicios. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los aspectos positivos como negativos que pueden estar condicionado la reactivación del sector, teniendo en cuenta la satisfacción del consumidor para generar una correcta reactivación del mismo. La metodología que se empleo fue de tipo descriptiva con enfoque mixto, en el cual se obtuvo resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos, aplicando un cuestionario de once preguntas, la misma que permitió obtener resultados eficientes. De esta manera, se evidenció que la población encuestada ha optado por realizar sus compras de manera online, en las cuales han resultado satisfechos y motivados a seguir demandando los servicios de los diferentes establecimientos de alimentos y bebidas. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Alberto Alejandro Morales Dominguez Abstract: En el artículo se analizan reflexiones en la creación de un andamiaje conceptual para evaluar la competencia intercultural de los guías de turismo de idioma alemán, al hacer uso de la teoría de la mediación en su contexto profesional turístico. Se inicia una discusión sobre de la importancia del mercado alemán y se examina el papel del guía de turismo en el escenario intercultural. Se considera que el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural no ha sido suficientemente estudiado en curos para el perfeccionamiento idiomático en el sector turístico cubano. El objetivo se centra en desarrollar un entrenamiento de capacitación a distancia para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural en guías turísticos, al hacer uso de la teoría de la mediación en su contexto profesional. El artículo reunió una nueva definición de competencia intercultural y se propuso la forma de aprendizaje a distancia para asumir el diseño y su aplicación. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Miguel-Angel González-Infante, Félix Díaz-Pompa, Beatriz Serrano-Leyva, Gabriela González-Montero Abstract: Tourism has become one of the main sectors in promoting the economic development of localities and job creation. Given the magnitude and projection of tourism activity, it represents a high risk for the geographic space where it is developed and sustainability in the sector is an increasingly perceptible global challenge. In this sense, the academic community has paid special interest in recent years to research associated with sustainability in tourism. The present study seeks to describe the state of the construct based on the analysis of bibliometric indicators of productivity, dispersion and visibility or impact, as well as a visualization of the networks of authorial and institutional collaboration and a temporal analysis of the lines of research or fundamental thematic axes. The main results show a progressive increase in the number of research studies, a high dispersion of scientific production, as well as a collaborative network dominated almost entirely by the most notable authors. The research allows us to characterize the state of the art of the construct and provides researchers with important bibliometric information to guide future studies. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Matías González Hernández, Violeta Morin Muñoz, Nicolas Labra Cataldo, Ariel Castro Abstract: The Biobío region in Chile is characterized by a strong forestry industry, which provides jobs and supports regional GDP. Cellulose production is one of the most economically relevant activities, but it causes environmental, social, and public health problems. The generation of polycyclic organic compounds in cellulose production is one of the primary pollutants. It can produce endocrine effects and DNA alteration through interaction with enzymes of the CYP family and Aryl hydrocarbon receptors, affecting organisms' functioning. Retene is one of the polycyclic aromatic organic compounds generated in cellulose production. However, its harmful potential for human health remains poorly explored. From another perspective, the circular economy seeks to use production waste as inputs. However, cellulose contaminants are found in traces, resulting in a limitation for promoting a valorization industry. Under a reduction approach, there is a potential to improve production processes that increase retene and form other organic compounds, thus preventing cellulose contaminants from entering the environment. This review approaches the environmental problem from an interdisciplinary perspective, to highlight biochemistry and circular economy in order to determine and solve a priori environmental problems. PubDate: 2022-02-04 Issue No:Vol. 17, No. 2 (2022)
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