|
International Journal of Event and Festival Management
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.388  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 7  Hybrid journal * Containing 3  Open Access article(s) in this issue *ISSN (Print) 1758-2954 - ISSN (Online) 1758-2962 Published by Emerald  [362 journals]
|
- Socio-economic effects of trade fairs on host cities from a citizens'
perspective: The case of Thessaloniki, Greece-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Dimitris Kourkouridis, Yannis Frangopoulos, Nikolaos Kapitsinis
Abstract: Trade fairs have crucial socio-economic, cultural and political impacts. This paper aims to explore these multi-faceted effects at the local level from a citizens' perspective. The economic, social, environmental and socio-cultural effects of trade fair activity are studied by employing the case study of Thessaloniki International Fair. These impacts are examined based on the views of people in the local community of the host area, conducting a fieldwork survey with questionnaires. The analysis, based on descriptive statistics, factor analysis and induction statistics, indicates that the economic, environmental and socio-cultural effects of trade fair activity on the city are largely viewed positively by residents of Thessaloniki. Differences in representations of fair's impacts are evident in what specific groups, according to age, educational level and occupation, expect from trade fair activity. While fairs' effects have been examined by studies in economics, sociology and politics, providing useful insights about the inter-linkages between trade fairs and host cities, they tend to pay little attention to citizens' perceptions on fairs' socio-economic implications. This paper enriches the literature on trade fairs' effects by adopting a citizens' perspective, being among the first studies to focus on representations, perceptions and views of residents of the host city to examine fairs' socio-economic implications.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2023-01-27
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-10-2022-0078
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
-
- Why do self-identity and efficacy matter for enjoying participation in
charity sports events' The role of the warm glow feeling-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Watchara Chiengkul, Patcharaporn Mahasuweerachai, Chompoonut Suttikun
Abstract: Charity sports events have emerged as a major, beneficial social phenomenon to be encouraged. In this study, the authors aim to examine the relationships among personal norms, social norms, self-identity, response efficacy and the “warm glow” feeling, which, in turn, influences willingness to return and enjoyment of participation in charity sports events in Thailand. An online self-administered survey was conducted to collect data from 600 participants, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was done under the two-step modelling approach to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that self-identity and response efficacy positively influence participants' warm glow. By contrast, the relationships of personal and social norms with warm glow are not significant. Moreover, warm glow positively influences participants' willingness to return to attend the event and their enjoyment. This study's findings have academic implications and can benefit marketers and event organizers by giving them insights into participants' behaviour and allowing them to better create services to improve participant experiences and boost repeat attendance better. By applying the concept of warm glow in the context of charity sports events, this study deepens the understanding of the causal pathways from the antecedents to participants' willingness to return and enjoyment through the warm glow.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2023-01-19
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-08-2022-0062
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
-
- The impact of COVID-19 on regional event attendees' attitudes: a survey
during and after COVID-19 lockdowns-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Reyhane Hooshmand, Billy Sung, Kym Jefferies, Rob Jefferies, Joanna Lin
Abstract: The current research presents a case study on how COVID-19 has influenced event attendees' attitudes toward safety procedures, venue capacity, purchasing tickets in advance, type of events (e.g. theatre, music and art) and the mode of the event (i.e. live vs online). In two timeframes (i.e. during and after COVID-19 lockdowns), data were collected via a self-completed online survey from a regional Western Australia (WA) town, Geraldton. In total, 94 event attendees were recruited in Wave 1 (during lockdowns), and 126 respondents were recruited in Wave 2 (after lockdowns). The naturalistic data collection examines how COVID-19 has influenced attendees' attitudes. The findings suggest that attendees have adapted to the new normal of COVID-19. If safety procedures are followed, most respondents are comfortable attending an entertainment event during and after the lockdown (Wave 1 and Wave 2). Furthermore, respondents exhibited comfort following COVID-19 safety precautions at events even after COVID-19 lockdowns, except for mandatory mask-wearing. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted event attendees to prefer lower seating capacity at events, while the gradual easing of restrictions reduces their discomfort toward higher seat capacity. Although some research has examined the financial and economic impact of COVID-19 on the event industry, there is limited research on consumers' or attendees' perceptions and attitudes toward events, particularly entertainment events and festivals, as the world emerges from the pandemic. Thus, the current case study is the first to examine event attendees' attitudes toward entertainment event management and operation during and after COVID-19 lockdowns. The finding provides significant theoretical and managerial implications surrounding the reaction of event attendees toward entertainment events (i.e. festivals) during health crises such as COVID-19.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2023-01-09
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-08-2022-0064
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
-
- Advances in event management using new technologies and mobile
applications-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Raquel García Revilla, Olga Martinez Moure, Carmen Sarah Einsle
Abstract: In this work, the authors present a review of mobile applications for event management available for smartphones with the iOS operating system. The objective of the work is to carry out an analysis of these applications, offering an educational point of view and filling a gap in the doctrine, as the authors are dealing with an academically still new subject. First, the authors conducted a literature review regarding the impact of technology on event organizations. Second, the authors analysed mobile applications for event management, the results of which are presented in this paper. Particularly, its main characteristics, strengths and weaknesses are analysed. Finally, the authors present the design of an activity with one of the beforehand analysed applications, in order to see its contribution to event management education. It has been possible to improve learning and acquire specific skills related to the subject of study. Specified event management applications offer a wide range of advantages to facilitate the planning and management of events. The study provides practical implications for managers in the hospitality industry. This study provides a deeper insight into the functionalities and usefulness of event management mobile applications.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2023-01-03
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-05-2022-0039
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2023)
-
- Post-pandemic intention to participate in the tourism and hospitality
(T&H) events: an integrated investigation through the lens of the theory
of planned behavior and perception of Covid-19-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Ramzi Al Rousan, Nermin Khasawneh, Sujood Sujood, Naseem Bano
Abstract: This paper aims to predict the post-pandemic intention of Indian consumers to participate in tourism and hospitality T&H events by incorporating the perception of Covid-19 (PCOV) into the theory of planned behavior (TPB). It also examines the relationship among attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and PCOV. This research employed a quantitative research technique, with data collected using an online questionnaire-based survey from August 23 to October 29, 2021. The sampling approach is convenient, and the sample of this study is comprised of individuals who follow events pages on social networking sites. The findings of SEM revealed that the proposed model has better explanatory and predictive power. The path analysis showed that all the variables of the TPB are significantly and positively associated with the post-pandemic intention to participate in the T&H events. However, the PCOV is negatively associated with the post-pandemic intention. The results of this study give an idea about the post-pandemic intention of Indian consumers to participate in T&H events. The results of this study revealed important practical implications for event management organizations, travel agencies that deal in events, the T&H industry, tourism planners and other stakeholders, as these findings may be used to develop effective marketing strategies. There has been a lot of research on TPB in the context of coronavirus, but to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is a gap in the literature regarding the intention to participate in T&H events. Hence, this research fills that gap.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-04-2022-0036
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- The festival customer experience: a conceptual framework
-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Jovan Velroy Fernandes, Ewa Krolikowska
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the conceptualisation of the festival customer experience by proposing a new framework based on three interrelated concepts: event design, social environment and digital environment. The authors use a theory adaptation research design to adapt an existing customer experience framework to the specific context of festival customer experience based on the literature on customer experience and experiential marketing within events, festivals, tourism and leisure. Based on this new conceptual framework, the authors identify interrelationships between event design, social environment and digital environment which can be managed by festival organisers to improve the customer experience. This study’s analysis identifies five areas which are crucial for managing the contemporary festival customer experience. It offers researchers a conceptual framework for further development. The paper proposes a new conceptual framework for festival customer experience which can be used to improve brand experiences at festivals. This is an emerging area which warrants further attention since festivals provide a valuable opportunity for brands to engage and build relationships with prospective and existing customers. This study is the first to combine insights from the interrelationships between event design, digital environment and social environment to better understand how to improve the management of brand experiences at festivals.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-12-16
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-11-2021-0083
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- What counts, safety and security or hygiene' Suggestions on the
reopening of major events under pandemic conditions in Germany-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Patricia Magdalena Schütte, Malte Schönefeld, Yannic Schulte, Frank Fiedrich
Abstract: Between 2020 and spring 2022, health safety was the new pressing concern among the risks at major events. It seemed that it – respectively hygiene as part of infection control – was as important as event safety if an event in Germany was to be approved. Problems aroused in terms of an equal implementation in practice. This article therefore addresses how safety and hygiene aspects interacted during event planning and implementation phases. The authors draw on qualitative data from a German research project. They use results from eleven semi-structured expert interviews and four field observations at major events. One guiding assumption in the content analysis is that there are major interrelations between event and health safety concepts, which become visible during planning and the implementation of event-related technical, organisational and personal measures. The empirical data shows that hygiene is not perceived as an integral part of event safety, but rather as a disconnected pillar beside the “classical” event safety. This is reflected in an imbalanced attention as well as in separate, disintegrated concepts. This disconnectedness leaves room for unwanted interplays between event and health safety as well as potential legitimacy facades. Most studies to date focus on the effectiveness of hygiene concepts and impacts of COVID-19 on the event sector in general without taking a closer look at interactions between event safety and health safety.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-12-12
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-04-2022-0032
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- “Work it, work it non-stop” – Event industry employees' unconscious
application of the
Open Access Article-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Raphaela Stadler, Trudie Walters, Allan Stewart Jepson
Abstract: This paper explores mental wellbeing in the events industry. We argue that mental wellbeing is often difficult to achieve in the stressful and deadline-driven events industry, and that better awareness and understanding of specific actions for employees to flourish at work is needed. We used in-depth semi-structured interviews with event professionals in the UK to investigate their individual coping strategies. To contextualise, we used the Five Ways to Wellbeing framework as an analytical tool. Our findings reveal that event professionals currently unconsciously engage in a variety of actions to maintain and enhance their mental wellbeing outside of work, but not at work. Out of the Five Ways to Wellbeing, specific actions to Connect, Be Active and Take Notice were most important to event professionals. The remaining two ways, Keep Learning and Give, were also identified in the data, although they were less prominent. We present recommendations for event professionals to more consciously engage with the Five Ways to Wellbeing and for employers to develop mental wellbeing initiatives that allow their employees to flourish. In event studies, the Five Ways to Wellbeing have thus far only been applied to event attendees, volunteers and the local community. Our paper highlights how event employees can also benefit from engaging in some of the actions set out in the framework to enhance their mental wellbeing at work.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-12-12
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-07-2022-0057
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- The sustainable transformation of business events: sociodemographic
variables as determinants of attitudes towards sustainable academic
conferences
Open Access Article-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: José António C. Santos, Manuel Ángel Fernández-Gámez, Antonio Guevara-Plaza, Margarida Custódio Santos, Maria Helena Pestana
Abstract: This study aimed to assess whether sociodemographic variables explain significant differences in attitudes towards transforming academic conferences into more sustainable events. An analytical model of participants' attitudes towards sustainable conferences based on literature review as well as the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour was developed and applied to a sample of 532 surveyed individuals from 68 countries who regularly attended academic conferences in the last five years prior to 2020. The results were refined using statistical and computational techniques to achieve more empirically robust conclusions. Results reveal that sociodemographic variables such as attendees' gender and age explain differences in attitudes. Women and older adults have stronger pro-environmental attitudes regarding event sustainability. On the other hand, attitudes towards more sustainable academic conferences are quite strong and positive overall. More sustainable events' venues, catering, conference materials and accommodations strongly influence attendees' attitudes towards more sustainable conferences. The strength of attitudes was weaker towards transportation. First, the analyses focused on only aspects related to the attendees' attitudes. Assessing their real behaviour would complete this research. The geographical areas defined by the U.N. and used in this study have the limitation of combining highly developed countries and developing countries in the same geographical area, for example, the Americas and Asia and the Pacific. Specific socio-demographic variables' effects on attitudes towards sustainable academic conferences can indicate how organisers can best promote these events according to attendees' characteristics and develop differentiated marketing campaigns. For women and older adults, event sustainability should be emphasised as a competitive strategy to promote events and attract these audiences. Marketing strategies for younger attendees (under 30 years old) could focus on technology, networking or attractive social programmes. Sustainable venues, catering, conference materials and accommodations are easier to promote. Event organisers should encourage participants to make more environmentally friendly decisions regarding more sustainable event transport. A strategy based on promoting the event as contributing to sustainable development could educate attendees and put them on the path to developing stronger positive attitudes regarding sustainability and more sustainable behaviours. Sustainable academic conferences can educate students, organisers, service providers and delegates through their involvement in sustainable practices. To our best knowledge, this research is the first to assess whether sociodemographic variables explain significant differences in attitudes towards the sustainable transformation of academic conferences.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-12-08
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-05-2022-0041
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- The InterACT Disability Arts Festival: creating revolutionary futures'
-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Trudie Walters
Abstract: This exploratory study seeks to understand whether an arts event designed with/by/for disabled people (the InterACT Disability Arts Festival in New Zealand) has the potential to create revolutionary futures, defined as those which help determine new paths, make the future less fearsome and allow more positive outcomes. A qualitative approach was taken in this study. Interviews were carried out with ten disabled event attendees, two support workers, one family member, four event volunteers, two activity providers and the main event organiser of the 2019 festival. Active participant observation was also used to collect data. Deductive thematic analysis was used to determine themes and subthemes in the material. The findings suggest the case study arts event does help to create revolutionary futures for disabled attendees through disrupting the narratives of disability, making sense of lives lived and changing lives yet to be lived. Limited windows of opportunity were available to interact with attendees, and just 17 in-the-moment interviews were conducted. However, the findings still have value as data saturation was reached. A “revolutionary futures” conceptual framework is presented to understand the nexus between disability worlds and events and thus amplify the benefits for attendees. Research carried out to date has provided much-needed understanding about the challenges facing disabled people at events, but this study turns this deficit approach around to focus on the opportunities provided by event participation.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-11-29
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-04-2022-0024
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- Protest events as institutions: stakeholder perceptions of the changing
role of Serbia's EXIT festival-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Luna Đurić, James Kennell, Miroslav D. Vujičić, Igor Stamenković, Jelena Farkić
Abstract: This research explores how protest events can change and develop over time, through an analysis of stakeholder perceptions of the EXIT festival in Serbia. In doing this, it builds on previous research into protest events from a critical events studies perspective and has implications for the management and understanding of events linked to social movements. This research took a neo-institutionalist perspective and is based on 18 stakeholder interviews, which were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Purposive sampling in the highly-networked city of Novi Sad, Serbia, allowed for the inclusion of diverse participants from politics, NGOs, media and the festival itself. The findings reveal that the EXIT festival has departed significantly from its original protest roots. Although it is now perceived as part of the dominant political culture in Serbia, it still has the potential to campaign on issues of relevance to the region, which is unrealised. This research demonstrates that the neo-institutionalist perspective can offer fresh insights for research into protest events. Taking this perspective suggests practical implications for the managers of events with protest roots and for social movements seeking to use protestival-style methods to achieve social change. This paper provides a new theoretical perspective on protest events and proposes a new model that can be used in future research into protest events that persist over time. It also suggests implications for the management and development of protest events within social movements.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-11-15
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-04-2022-0023
Issue No: Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print (2022)
-
- Impacts of host city image in the country destination branding in sport
mega-event context: exploring cognitive and affective image dimensions-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Luciana Brandão Ferreira, Janaina de Moura Engracia Giraldi, Vish Maheshwari, Jorge Henrique Caldeira de Oliveira
Abstract: This paper aims to verify the brand image effects of holding a sport mega-event by investigating the host city's influence on the country's branding, as a tourist destination. This research considered the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and uses quantitative methods: exploratory factor analysis and regression. Data were collected by structured questionnaires with a sample of (n = 274) international respondents with high international travel experience. Rio de Janeiro's 2016 host city image positively predicted Brazil's tourist destination image. Both cognitive and affective image dimensions of Rio as a host city predicted Brazil's destination image, but the cognitive image dimensions demonstrated more impact. Even in a mega-event context, city marketing strategies should be planned and executed with a focus on the country's destination image. The study contributes by focusing on presenting the importance of the host city image dimensions to the host country destination image in a sports mega-event context. The study investigated a new approach, the impacts of affective and cognitive dimensions in the overall destination image considering two connected destinations and the hosting of a sport mega-event, a condition not found in the literature thus far.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-09-06
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-10-2021-0080
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- A stakeholder perspective on risk and safety planning in a major sporting
event-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Hege Eggen Børve, Thor Atle Thøring
Abstract: This study analyses the impact of institutional logics on the outcomes of a sporting event's risk process. The research design is an exploratory case study of the 2017 Road World Cycling Championship using a qualitative approach. By drawing on multiple sources, documents and experiences of six key stakeholders the richness of the qualitative data were utilised to provide a deeper understanding of the impact of institutional logics on the process. Stakeholders relied on different organisational and professional logics in arguments for certain risk preferences and strategies. Further, the logics behind stakeholder attention varied between stakeholder groups and within a stakeholder group. This led to a tension-filled relationship amongst stakeholders working in the same organisation and between those in different organisations. Finally, new professional practices emerged; however, there were also unintended consequences, such as a large financial deficit, with a significant part of the cost overrun being the risk assessment work. The study includes a case study of a major sporting event that was arranged some years ago. Events are usually organised as temporary projects in collaboration with public sector organisations and must be arranged in accordance with the logics of efficiency as well as meeting the particular needs of citizens. Assuming similar risk planning processes may occur in other contexts is reasonable. The study contributes to knowledge about the impact of logics on the outcome of risk planning and improves scholars' understanding of risk management and the outcomes of planning mega-sporting events. Moreover, insights into these micro-level processes reveal the importance of dealing with the logics that lie beneath stakeholders' perceptions of risk in order to collaborate, achieve common goals, and prevent cost overruns.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-08-29
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-11-2021-0082
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- Production of event security in Germany – empirical findings on
perceptions of interorganisational collaboration between various security
actors-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Patricia M. Schütte, Stefan U. Willmes
Abstract: This paper aims to explore interorganisational collaboration on event security in Germany. Therefore, it focusses on perceptions of representatives from emergency and law enforcement agencies (ELEAs) as well as commercial event stewards and security providers (ESSPs) who work together in the area. The following questions are addressed in this paper: how do the actors perceive inter-organisational collaboration on event security' In these actors' view, what factors define collaboration' For this study, a literature review was carried out on success-critical factors of inter-organisational collaboration at security-related settings. The results have been grouped into categories, which are assigned to sociotechnical core elements. These are the basis of a qualitative content analysis of 47 semi-structured interviews with ELEA and ESSP representatives in the context of 15 major events in Germany. The findings support the assumption that interorganisational collaboration on event security theoretically and in the perception of on-site experts emerges as a sociotechnical system within the setting of major events. Successful collaboration is determined by human, technical and organisational factors, which interconnect the collaborating actors and ideally stabilise their work relations. This article contributes to the literature regarding event and security research. The results provide insights into hitherto under-represented perspectives of stakeholders on collaboration in event security. The sociotechnical category system adds an approach for the systematic analysis of interorganisational security production.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-08-05
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-11-2021-0092
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- An opportunity to build back better' COVID-19 and environmental
sustainability of Australian events-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Gerard Jan Hutte, Kevin Markwell, Erica Wilson
Abstract: This study explores (1) the impacts of COVID-19 on the environmental sustainability of Australian events; (2) the measures undertaken to minimise the impacts of COVID-19 on environmental sustainability; (3) the key impediments to incorporating COVID-Safe measures in an environmentally sustainable way; and (4) the expected long-term impact of the COVID-19 situation on the development of the environmental sustainability of the Australian events industry. The study follows a qualitative approach by undertaking semi-structured interviews with (N = 23) event industry professionals. The data collection phase took place between November 2020 and May 2021 and the study was completed in February 2022. Adverse environmental impacts included increased waste output and the stagnation of planned or existing environmental practices. The study reveals positive effects such as reduced carbon emission outputs and increased environmental awareness of event participants. Financial costs, time pressure, uncertainty and sourcing issues are significant impediments to organising events in an environmentally sustainable manner during a global pandemic situation. Understanding how COVID-19 impacts the environmental sustainability of events will help the industry to preserve previous progress made, overcome similar obstacles during future crises, and capitalise on opportunities for positive environmental change. This is the first study to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environmental sustainability practices of Australian events.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-07-18
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-03-2022-0019
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- The determinants of festival participants' event loyalty: a focus on
millennial participants-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Jie Min Ho, Fidella Tiew, Adamu Abbas Adamu
Abstract: This study aims to determine how different event quality dimensions (i.e. information availability, program content, food, staff service, merchandises, ticketing, facility and convenience) individually affect the satisfaction of millennial festival participants, and how their satisfaction subsequently influence their behavioral intention. The research hypotheses were tested with a sample of 272 millennial participants attending the Borneo Jazz Festival held in Miri, Sarawak. The results indicated that program content and facility are crucial predictors of millennial participants' level of satisfaction with the event. Furthermore, the level of satisfaction would, in turn, affect their intention to revisit the event and spread positive word-of-mouth. The results are expected to assist festival planners in managing and designing festivals that can appeal to millennials who make up a significant percentage of tourism market. The study adds to the knowledge of how music festival environment can yield loyalty amongst millennial festival participants in Sarawak, an Eastern state of Malaysia on the island of Borneo.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-07-08
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-01-2022-0006
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- Sport fans' nostalgia and revisit intention to stadiums during the
Covid-19 pandemic-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Kosuke Takata, Kirstin Hallmann
Abstract: This study aimed to examine how sport fans' nostalgia influenced their revisit intention to stadiums. Using data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study further analyzed the moderation effect of sport fans' match attendance on the relationship between nostalgia and revisit intention. The study used an online survey querying baseball and football fans in Japan (n = 863). These leagues completed their 2020 regular season with and without crowds due to the pandemic. Nostalgia was measured using three dimensions: sports team, environment and socialization. The model was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Multigroup SEM also investigated the moderating effect of match attendance in 2020. In the proposed model, nostalgia for sport teams significantly influenced sport fans' intention to revisit stadiums. Nostalgia for sport teams encouraged fans who attended live sport matches during the pandemic more than fans who did not attend the live matches. Nostalgia for sport environment and socialization did not significantly affect sport fans' intentional behavior. However, the results revealed that non-attending fans were stimulated to return to stadiums by nostalgia for the environment. This study examined the individual impacts of the sport fans' nostalgia dimensions. These nostalgia dimensions were omitted in previous studies. Our findings and proposed model may be used by practitioners in sports teams and leagues to deal with fans' perceived loss of the sport during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-06-10
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-02-2022-0016
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- Does make you a happy human' The impact on happiness from
participation in an obstacle running event-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Arminda Almeida-Santana, Sergio Moreno-Gil, Tommy D. Andersson
Abstract: The main research questions addressed by this study focus on Subjective Well-Being (SWB) and to what extent the individual's SWB relates to the individual's need for personal growth. Specific interest is devoted to the effects of intentions (to have personal goals) and behavior (to achieve personal goals). Can SWB and happiness research help to explain the tremendous growth in demanding amateur sport event participation' Most research on SWB and events has, so far been undertaken on cultural events leaving a gap related to sport events, especially obstacle running events. Bestial is an obstacle race event held in Arucas on Canary Islands, Spain. Apart from competitiveness, the race also contains elements of altruism as many competitors do help each other at various obstacles along the route, in groups (mainly) teams. A sample of 700 participants answered questions about behavior, attitudes and SWB. The results show significant relations between SWB and both intentions and behavior but also that intentions and behavior are not correlated. The “Bestial” is different from an average running event in some respects. It is a rather local event for Gran Canaria without international participation. For some participants it is more challenging and enduring but for others it is a team sport where one helps other team members to complete the race. In this study, these two types of participation have not been separated. The test of whether the SWB of participants is higher than the SWB of the average citizen is not satisfactory. Data for the average of SWB in Spain had to depend on a study from another year and where standard deviation was not available. The results of this work are useful for event managers to improve their design and develop the most appropriate marketing messages. The study aims for an explanation to why demanding physical activities, such as obstacle races, are so popular. In this study of obstacle race participation, hedonia is regarded as less relevant and focus is on eudaimonia and an assumption that participants in an obstacle race have a high SWB since they can feel that they make progress towards goals. One intended contribution of this study is to distinguish between “to have a goal” and “to progress towards a goal”. Thus, the model proposed is based on hypotheses that SWB is influenced by both. Two types of goals are studied: first a mainly individualistic goal of becoming physically fit and second a more altruistic goal of “becoming a better person”. In the conclusions, the importance for a happy life of simply having goals for personal growth and the value of anticipation for happiness is discussed.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-04-26
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-07-2021-0058
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
- Event innovation in times of uncertainty
Open Access Article-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Authors: Christian Dragin-Jensen, Grzegorz Kwiatkowski, Vilde Hannevik Lien, Luiza Ossowska, Dorota Janiszewska, Dariusz Kloskowski, Marianna Strzelecka
Abstract: This study highlights areas of key importance for building event resilience and provides best-practice industry examples that foster innovative, adaptable and transformative event environments, which are areas of high academic and managerial relevance in times of uncertainty. The study employs a multicase study research design that draws on interviews with the leaders of four event organizations in Denmark and Norway: (1) the Steinkjer Festival, (2) Run Alone Denmark, (3) FC Midtjylland and (4) the Bergen International Festival. The events demonstrated the critical necessity of understanding innovation and its contribution to resilience in the event sector, particularly in times of uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These organizations achieved success by continuously fostering innovative environments before COVID-19 by being value-driven and customer-centric organizations. Digital technologies were not used as makeshift solutions but rather to enhance event attendees' experiential platforms and expand each event's business potential. The paper answers the call for event and festival research during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore the importance of understanding failure, crisis, innovation and recovery. The paper's contributions to event management research are (1) adding to the ongoing discussion about building a resilient event sector in times of uncertainty, (2) screening how event organizers achieve innovation in their organizations and (3) providing insights on future requirements for events in a post-COVID world.
Citation: International Journal of Event and Festival Management
PubDate: 2022-04-25
DOI: 10.1108/IJEFM-07-2021-0063
Issue No: Vol. 13, No. 4 (2022)
-
