 Subjects -> GARDENING AND HORTICULTURE (Total: 37 journals)
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- Effect of foliar spray of yeast extract and potassium nitrate on yield and
fruit quality on Ziziphus jujuba L. trees
Authors: Mahmoud Abdel-Aziz Ahmed, Abdullah Alebidi, Rashid Al-Obeed, Alaa Omar
Pages: 3 - 10
Abstract: The present study was conducted during the two successive seasons, 2017 and 2018, at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, to investigate the effects of foliar sprays on Ziziphus jujuba trees by yeast extract at 1% and 2% and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 1% and 2%. All treatments were foliar applied twice (December 15–January 15) in both seasons. Yield and fruit quality were studied. Treatments significantly improved yield, physical fruit and fruit chemical characteristics, moisture content, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll by most tested treatments in both seasons than the control (water only). Yeast spray treatments significantly decreased juice content vitamin C (mg/100 g), while KNO3 spray treatments increased juice content vitamin C in both seasons. It can be concluded that foliar application with KNO3 at 2% recorded the best treatment to obtain the highest yield, fruit weight, flesh weight, fruit volume, fruit length and fruit diameter, while yeast extract at 2% treatment gave the highest TSS% and total sugar contents in this study.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4117
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of
Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. leaves from Türkiye
Authors: Tamer Eryigit, Bünyamin Yildirim, Kamil Ekici
Pages: 11 - 17
Abstract: Juniper species are especially used in traditional medicine due to their analgesic, diuretic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and liver-protective effects. The goal of the present study was to investigate the chemical compounds, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of essential oil of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb., a species of juniper with a large spread area in Turkey. Essential oils were extracted by the hydro-distillation method. The components of the hydro distilled oil samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the study, the essential oil was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains consisting of two Gram (+) and four Gram (–) by the agar disc diffusion method. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of the oil were determined by TEAC/ABTS+ free radical scavenging assay. As a result, there were 27 compounds in the essential oil of J. excelsa. Of the 27 essential oil components identified, α-pinene (40.59%), α-cedrol (18.15%), β-myrcene (4.53%), and limonene (3.84%) were determined as the main components in total 91.54% of the essential oil. As a result, it was observed that the examined juniper essential oil showed a weak but effective antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains compared to the control agents, and also, the examined oil had low but valuable antioxidant activity.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4577
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- Determination of the quality and phytochemical content of F1 strawberry
genotypes selected in Bilecik province ecological conditions
Authors: Sinem Ozturk Erdem, Cetin Cekic, Davut Uysal
Pages: 19 - 26
Abstract: The production of strawberry cultivation in wide ecological regions, its aroma, rich mineral content and taste affect the preference of consumers positively. The high amount of aroma of local cultivars enables them to be used as parents in breeding studies. In this study, it was aimed to determine the morphological and pomological characteristics and phytochemical contents of the superior F1 strawberry genotypes selected after hybridization with the local Osmanli strawberry under the ecological conditions of Bilecik province. Morphological and pomological analyzes were made and the best ten genotypes were selected according to the weighted grading method. According to this, the titratable acidity amount of the selected genotypes was determined between 0.28–0.51, the total soluble solid amount was determined between 5–10.5%, and the pH amount was determined between 3.3–3.78. By looking at the average fruit weight, fruit width and fruit length values, genotypes that can compete with commercial cultivars were selected and these were determined as table genotypes. While the total phenolic content of the ten genotypes selected by phytochemical analyzes was found between 2675.56–3983.89 μg GAE/g TA, the total amount of anthocyanin was determined between 156.19–39.12 μg Plg-3-glu/gta. The antioxidant amount was 18.95 μmol TE/ g ta-7.54 μmol TE/ g in the FRAP method.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4530
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- The fatty acid composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of
wild edible Smilax excelsa L. shoots.
Authors: Ersin Demir
Pages: 27 - 35
Abstract: The present study examines the fatty acid composition, phytochemicals content and antioxidant potential of Smilax excelsa L. shoots, which grows spontaneously and is consumed as food in rural areas of Düzce (Türkiye) province, was investigated. DPPH, ABTS and OH radical scavenging tests were utilized to put forth the antiradical properties of the extracts of this plant. In addition, the metal chelating potential of this plant was also evaluated. The higher the inhibition % value calculated in these tests, the higher the antioxidant activity was considered and the results were evaluated. The average ABTS radical cleaning test results of Smilax excelsa extracts prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and pure water were found to be 98.14%, 98.16%, 90.20%, respectively. The average DPPH radical cleaning test results of the extracts of this plant prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and pure water were determined as 87.48%, 76%, 46.53%, respectively. The OH radical cleaning test results of methanol, ethanol and pure water extracts of the Smilax excelsa were determined as 54.79%, 72.54%, none, respectively. In addition, the metal chelation test results of methanol, ethanol and pure water extracts of this plant were determined as 87.26%, 89.36%, 53.70%. The highest protein (85.91 mg BSA/g), proanthocyanidin (55.39 mg CE/g) and phenolic (4957.57 μg GAE/g) content of Smilax excelsa pure water extract was determined. It has been determined that gallic acid (117.33 μg/g), vanillic acid (33.89 μg/g), caffeic acid (4.55 μg/g), ferulic acid (93.78 μg/g), rosmarinic acid (0.33 μg/g) and hydrocynamic acid (0.33 μg/g) are found in different proportions in the Smilax excelsa. It has been stated that Smilax excelsa is an important source of palmitic acid (20.52%), stearic acid (4.95%), oleic acid (4.74%), linoleic acid (20.99%), γ-linolenic acid (2.26%), alpha-linolenic acid (34.29%) and docosahexaenoic acid (2.79%). It has been found that this plant has a low content of fat-soluble vitamins and phytosterols, with the exception of β-sitosterol (6.43μg/g).
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4566
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- Determination of optimum harvest time and physical and chemical quality
properties of Shalakh (Aprikoz) apricot cultivar during fruit ripening
Authors: Betül Tan, Emrah Kuş, Kadir Tan, Ersin Gülsoy, Duried Alwazeer
Pages: 37 - 46
Abstract: Shalakh (Aprikoz), the most common table apricot cultivar grown in Iğdır province of Turkey, is known for its delicious taste, large volume, high water content, and short shelf life. This study aimed to determine optimal harvest time of cv. Shalakh apricot by measuring some significant physical and chemical parameters. Fruits were collected periodically at interval of 7 day during the study period. Weight, length, width, thickness, sphericity, color, color indices, soluble solids content, pH, firmness, elasticity, phenolic content (gallic acid and catechin) and organic acids (citric acid and ascorbic acid) were evaluated. Weight, length, width, thickness and sphericity traits increased gradually and reached the highest levels at 10th week after the full bloom. Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, h° and ΔE), hardness, elasticity and organic acids indicated the optimal harvest time of cv. Shalakh of 10th week after the full bloom. Unlike previous studies, SSC and pH didn’t show clear information for harvest time.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4807
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- The impact of foliar dikegulac and Asahi SL sprays on the shoot production
of highbush blueberry nursery plants
Authors: Wojciech Litwińczuk
Pages: 47 - 60
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the usefulness of dikegulac (2,3:4,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-Lxylo-2-hexulofuranosonic acid) and Asahi SL (sodium ortho- and para-nitrophenolate, sodium 5-nitroguaiacolate) in production of highbush blueberry nursery plants. The experiment was carried out on three cultivars of highbush blueberry: ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Brigitta blue’ and ‘Darrow’. Pot plants were treated two times with dikegulac (0.1%) or/and Asahi SL (0.2%) foliar sprays in the late spring. The reaction of blueberry clones to the tested chemicals was different. Dikegulac-treated plants developed significantly more shoots making them a good and efficient source of cuttings when using the traditional propagation. Dikegulac limited the shoot elongation of two studied cultivars (‘Bluecrop’, ‘Darrow’). It also reduced the size of leaf blades but generally did not change the fluorescence and the relative content of chlorophyll. The influence of dikegulac in the applied dose was much stronger than the impact of nitrophenolates. The application of Asahi SL, alone or together with dikegulac, did not give any spectacular and advantageous effects.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4329
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- The effect of substrate, organic matter, and salinity on the contents of
essential oil and active ingredients of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis
L.).
Authors: Shima Rahmanian Kooshkaki, Abdolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi, Mehdi Hosseinifarahi
Pages: 61 - 74
Abstract: To investigate the effect of substrate, organic matter, and salinity on the amount of essential oil and active ingredients of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Based on the results, the highest percentage of essential oil was observed in the combined substrate of arable soil + compost + vermicompost. The highest percentages of compounds including Trans-carveol, Isoborneol, and Carvacrol acetate were observed in the salinity of 80 mM in the combined substrate of arable soil + compost + vermicompost. The highest percentage of compounds including citronellol and γ-Terpinene were recorded under compost substrate. In the control and with a combined substrate of arable soil + compost, the highest percentage of compounds, including 1,3,8,-P-menthatriene was observed. Application of HA could increase the main constituents, including Trans-carveol, γ-Terpinene, Isoborneol, Citronellol, and Carvacrol acetate in lemon balm.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4330
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- Ameliorative role of salicylic acid in the growth, nutrient content, and
antioxidative responses of salt-stressed lettuce
Authors: Sebnem Kusvuran, Ulkü Dikmen Yilmaz
Pages: 75 - 85
Abstract: Plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses are regulated by salicylic acid (SA), a signaling molecule. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of foliar SA treatments (0.25, 0.50, or 1.00 mM) in reducing salt stress in lettuce exposed to 100 mM NaCl. Salt-stressed plants given a foliar application of SA showed alleviation of the negative effects of salinity, resulting in higher growth performance (increases of 6%–198%). The positive impacts of SA were especially noticeable as an increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments, such as total chlorophyll (31–72%) and total carotenoids (49–141%). Application of SA also helped to reduce membrane damage, as seen by significantly lower levels of MDA (31–70%) in the leaves of salt-stressed lettuce plants. Moreover, the use of SA enhanced overall flavonoid and phenolic content, as well as nutrient absorption. SA treatment also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, resulting in a considerable reduction in salt-induced oxidative damage. The most efficient SA application concentration was 0.50 mM. Overall, the use of SA as a foliar spray could be recommended as a long-term strategy for improving the defense systems of salt-stressed lettuce.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4603
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- Evaluation of capsicum genotypes for resistance to cucumber mosaic virus
Authors: Ilyas Deligoz
Pages: 87 - 94
Abstract: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most destructive viruses that affect pepper all over the world. Using resistant varieties is one of the most effective ways to control the virus. Identification of new resistance sources is essential for the development of resistant cultivars. In the present study, the reactions of 50 Capsicum genotypes (25 Capsicum baccatum, 15 C. annuum and 10 C. frutescens) were determined against CMV-Sa isolate with mechanical inoculation under controlled conditions in 2020. A 0–4 disease rating scale was used to analyze the genotypes, and the genotypes were categorized as resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible based on disease incidence and disease severity scores. The findings revealed that there were significant (p < 0.01) differences in disease incidence and severity among genotypes. The study demonstrated that one of the 25 tested C. baccatum genotypes (KTB-11) found to be resistant, and three genotypes (KTB-29, KTB-34, KTB-57 and KTB-72) were rated as moderately resistant to CMV. However, it was determined that all tested C. frutescens and C. annuum genotypes were susceptible to CMV. The genotypes identified as resistant and moderately resistant can be used as a source of resistance in pepper breeding studies.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4568
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- The changes in fatty acid profile during senescence and methyl
jasmonate-induced senescence of Ginkgo biloba leaves
Authors: Henryk Dębski, Joanna Mitrus, Justyna Góraj-Koniarska, Joanna Szablińska-Piernik, Marian Saniewski, Marcin Horbowicz
Pages: 95 - 106
Abstract: The present study describes changes in fatty acid (FA) composition in Ginkgo biloba leaves subjected to senescence and to senescence induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Green leaves were treated with MeJA in lanoline on the abaxial or adaxial side of the leaf blades. After three weeks of treatment, leaf blades and petioles were collected separately for FA analyses. Additionally, petioles and leaf blades were sampled for analyses before the experiment and after 6 weeks when leaf senescence was occurring. Linolenic (C18:3) and palmitic (C16:0) acids appeared to be the quantitatively most abundant FA in leaf blades and petioles of G. biloba. Both leaf senescence and that induced by MeJA caused a decrease in unsaturated FA content, especially linolenic (C18:3). However, the decrease in C18:3 acid in both leaf blades and petioles was greater when MeJA was applied to the abaxial side than when it was applied to the adaxial side of leaves or during senescence. At the same time, saturated FA content increased, resulting in a significant decrease in the ratio of total unsaturated to saturated FA. Since leaf fatty acids occur mainly as components of cell membranes, changes in their composition may have a crucial effect on membrane function and stability, as pointed out in the discussion of the results.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4621
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
- The effect of foliar application of amino acids on some nutritional
properties, antioxidant capacity and some other physiologic parameters of
African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), Taishan ‘Yellow’ and
‘Orange’
Authors: Fatemeh Raouf Haghparvar, Davood Hashemabadi, Behzad Kaviani
Pages: 107 - 124
Abstract: African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) is one of the most well-known ornamental, medicinal and edible flowers in the world. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 20 treatments in 3 replications, 60 plots and 5 plants per plot were conducted in order to investigate the effect of amino acids on growth, nutritional parameters and antioxidant capacity in African marigold. Experimental treatments included two cultivars of African marigold (‘Yellow’ and ‘Orange’) and foliar application of three amino acids (arginine, glutamine and proline) each one at three levels (100, 500 and 1000 μM). Distilled water was used as control. The results showed that the application of amino acids increased plant height, display life, fresh weight and dry matter of flower, leaf total chlorophyll and petal carotenoid compared to the control in both African marigold cultivars. Petal protein content and malondialdehyde (MDA) were not affected by the above treatments, but the use of amino acids, especially arginine and proline, increased proline and calcium, zinc and iron in the petals of both African marigold cultivars. Treatments of 100 μM arginine and 1000 μM proline induced the highest vitamin C in both African marigold cultivars. In ‘Orange’ cultivar, the highest enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) belonged to 1000 μM proline and the highest peroxidase (POD) activity belonged to two treatments of 100 μM arginine and 1000 μM proline. In ‘Yellow’ cultivar, all three levels of arginine and proline together with 1000 μM glutamine significantly increased SOD and POD activity compared to other treatments. Also, the highest APX enzyme activity was recorded for 100 μM arginine. The results of the present study showed that external application of amino acids, especially arginine and proline, improved the nutritional properties of both African marigold cultivars by increasing the activity of antioxidants.
PubDate: 2023-02-24
DOI: 10.24326/asphc.2023.4580
Issue No: Vol. 22, No. 1 (2023)
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