 Subjects -> GARDENING AND HORTICULTURE (Total: 37 journals)
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- Evaluation of Potato Genotypes under High Hill Conditions of Nepal
Authors: Raj Kumar Giri , Yubraj Bhusal, Kalika Prasad Upadhyay , Basant Chalise , Giridhari Subedi , Bihani Thapa , Bishwash Poudel
Pages: 1 - 8
Abstract: Coordinated Varietal Trial (CVT) on different genotypes of potato received from National Potato Research Program (NPRP), Khumaltar, Lalitpur was carried out at Horticultural Research Station, Rajikot, Jumla at an altitude of 2396 m above mean sea level during two consecutive years 2019 and 2020 to evaluate potato genotypes suitable for the high hills of Karnali province of Nepal. Nine different potato genotypes with two checks i.e. Desiree and Jumli Local were tested on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each treatment was replicated four times. Compost was used at the rate of 20 tons per hectare. There was no use of chemical fertilizer. Well sprouted tubers of 25-50 g were planted with 60cm x 25cm spacing. The effects of different genotypes were recorded for both vegetative as well as yield parameters. Tested genotypes differed significantly for vegetative (emergence percentage at 30 days after planting & 45 days after planting, uniformity, ground coverage, plant height, number of main stems) as well as yield parameters (total number of tubers and tuber yield per ha). The highest tuber yield (20.9 t/ha) was harvested from CIP 392797.22. Result of consecutive years showed that potato genotype CIP 392797.22 is suitable for cultivation in high hills of Karnali province for food as well as nutritional security.
PubDate: 2023-04-19
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4239
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Effect of Hydrogel and Mulching on Soil Moisture, Yield and Economics on
Yellow Passion Fruit in Embu and Kiambu Counties, Kenya
Authors: J. M. Michoma , J. N. Mugwe , N. Korir , M. Mwangi
Pages: 9 - 21
Abstract: Inadequate rainfall is a significant problem hindering the production of most crops in dryland regions. The current study was carried out to assess the effect of selected soil-water conserving interventions on soil moisture, growth, yield, quality, and profitability of yellow passion fruit. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at Kenyatta University (Kiambu County) and Ugweri (Embu County). The treatments were: grass mulch, plastic mulch, hydrogel 10 g per plant (49 g m-2) + plastic mulch, hydrogel 20 g per plant (98 g m-2), hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch, and a control (no hydrogel, no mulch). Results showed significant effects of treatments on soil moisture, growth, and yield of yellow passion fruit at both sites. Hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch treatment had significantly higher mean soil moisture than other treatments during all the sampling dates. The treatments: hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch, hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch, and plastic mulch, recorded the highest average vine length. Hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch treatment had significantly higher yields than other treatments during 46, 48, 50, and 52 weeks after transplanting (WAT) at both sites. Treatments did not significantly affect the total soluble solids (TSS) of fruits. At Ugweri, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch and hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch had higher net benefits; 2599.00 USD ha-1 and 2455.10 USD ha-1, respectively. At Kenyatta University, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch provided significantly higher net benefit (3390.40 USD ha-1) than other treatments. Based on the results, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch and hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch are recommended for yellow passion fruit growers in regions facing water scarcity.
PubDate: 2023-05-02
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4240
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Using Oxygen Bioavailability and Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques for
Regeneration of Old Seeds of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Hamed H. Hamed , M. Khalil Mohamed
Pages: 22 - 39
Abstract: The deterioration of the viability of seeds of old varieties (heirloom varieties) by exposure to long storage periods is one of the main problems facing plant breeding programmes; Thus, oxygen bioavailability and somatic embryogenesis techniques can overcome this problem to some extent. The goals of this study were to: 1) define the optimal oxygen bioavailability concentration for increasing the germination rates of old and waterlogged seeds; 2) define the relationship between the concentration of bioavailable oxygen in the liquid ingested by the germinating seed and seed vigor; and 3) use somatic embryogenesis techniques as a method for recovering plant germplasm from old or improperly stored seeds for use in plant breeding programs. This study was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Potato and Vegetatively Propagated Vegetables Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt. This research was conducted to regenerate perennial seeds (8 years) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variety Giza 6 (local variety) and compared with 1 year old seeds as control treatment of the same cultivar. This study established that prolonged hypoxia throughout a protracted period of storage can inhibit germination. Hypoxia during the impregnation and germination of bean seeds can be overcome by supplying the seeds with hydrogen peroxide (20 mM) throughout the germination process. Catalase enzyme (10.5 units/mL) is needed to convert hydrogen peroxide into oxygen. Also, to release oxygen from hydrogen peroxide, other catalytic agents, such as transition metal ions like Fe+2, Cu+2, and Mn+2, can be used at the following concentrations: 0.001M, 0.001M, and 0.0001M, respectively. A protective layer of CaSO4 (0.5 mM) was applied since aged seeds have very fragile biological membranes. The test of tetrazolium gave results for some seeds that it non-viable or some parts of the seed are damaged or defective; However, 2,4-D at a concentration of 5 mg/l + supplements (0.1 µM GA3/L + 2 mg kintien/L + 1.0 mM glutamine) was able to produce somatic embryos of the old seeds tissues for common bean cv. Giza 6 (a local variety). The study of the morphology and induction of somatic embryogenesis was done used scanning electron microscopy. In its early phases, the callus appeared as a scattering of elongated cells. And after being transferred to the DCR medium, the cells became tightly packed together, and globular-shaped embryos began to emerge between the tightly packed together cells.
PubDate: 2023-05-04
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4241
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Effect of Different Nutrient Media in Growth and Health of Tomato
Seedlings in Arghakhanchi District (Nepal)
Authors: Samrat Panthi , Prativa Neupane , Anita Bhusal
Pages: 40 - 48
Abstract: This research was performed on March-May 2021 to evaluate the effects of different growth media on health and growth characteristics of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. The experiment was laid in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The different nutrient media used were FYM, Poultry Manure, Vermicompost and Cocopeat each with 1:1 mix with soil. The other nutrient medium being soil only as a control treatment. Seeds of Manisha variety were sown on the tray under the high-tech greenhouse nursery with respective treatments. Data entry and arrangement of collected data was done using MS Excel and further analysis was done using R-studio. At 14 days after sowing, FYM (93.33%) and Cocopeat (94.17%) had the highest germination percentage while control (70%) had the lowest percentage of germinated seedlings. Other parameters as seedling height (10.78 cm), plant stand (90.83%) and leaf number (10.75) were found higher in cocopeat +soil (1:1) treatment. Disease incidence (33.4%), however, was found higher in poultry manure. From this experiment, Cocopeat +soil (1:1) mix proved to be the best medium for raising tomato seedlings as disease incidence was low, germination percentage was higher including final plant stand, seedling height and leaf number as compared to other nutrient media.
PubDate: 2023-05-05
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4242
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Effect of Mulch Materials and Foliar Application of Micronutrients on the
Growth and Yield of Sweet Pepper under Net House
Authors: Shapla Akter , Tahmina Mostarin , Khaleda Khatun , Nasir Mahmud , Samsun Nahar Hashi , Khodaiza Banu , Sayma Kabir , Amir Abdullah Hasnine , Md. Abdus Samad
Pages: 49 - 58
Abstract: The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different mulch materials and foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield of sweet pepper under net house. The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: Three mulch materials viz., M0-No mulch (control), M2-Black polyethylene mulch and M2-Rice straw mulch and Factor B: Three foliar application of micronutrients viz., N0-control (No micronutrients), N1-Zn @0.6% as ZnSO4 and N2-B @0.6% as H3BO3. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded on growth, yield components, yield and quality of sweet pepper and significant variation was observed for most of the studied characters. Analysis revealed that the M2N2 treatment combination appeared to be best for achieving the higher growth, fruit yield and economic benefit of sweet pepper.
PubDate: 2023-05-16
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4244
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Deciphering the Genetic Identity and Fidelity of Banana Genotype Musa
acuminata through Molecular Fingerprinting
Authors: S. S. More, G. B. Janvale , S. G. Wagh , K. D. Kadam , A. A. Akhare
Pages: 59 - 66
Abstract: Micropropagation for extensive production of elite planting materials is an effective and superior alternative to suckers and conventional means of propagation of Musa spp. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the genetic identity of different micropropagated banana genotypes Grand Naine, Shrimantee and Basrai. Further micropropagated banana genotypes Grand Naine comparing with mother plant during different stages of subculture using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). Moreover, for micropropagation explants (suckers) were inoculated on initiation medium containing MS (Murashige and Skoog) supplemented with 5 mg/l BAP (Benzyl amino purine) and 39 mg/l AdSO4 (Adenine sulphate). The second, third and fourth subcultures were carried out to separate all multiple shoots. Furthermore, for rooting MS media fortified with growth hormones viz., 2 mg/l BAP, 1mg/l IBA (Indole-3-butyric Acid) and 200mg/l activated charcoal were used under present investigation. Findings revealed that 90 % and 75 % plantlets were successfully established during primary hardening in controlled and natural field condition. Further, 26 primers were screened from that 20 primers (ISSR and SSR) showed 146 clear, reproducible and scorable bands ranging from 100-2000 base pairs produced. The banding pattern of these randomly selected plants was monomorphic with mother plant of all selected genotype that confirmed the clonal uniformity.
PubDate: 2023-05-17
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4245
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
- Evolution of Mechanized Agriculture in China: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Shengyu Gu
Pages: 67 - 80
Abstract: The use of mechanized agriculture has rapidly increased in China in recent years, driven by the government's policies aimed at modernizing the agriculture sector and addressing labour shortages. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the state of mechanized agriculture in China, including its historical development, current status, challenges, advantages, and disadvantages. The review highlights the benefits of mechanized agriculture in terms of productivity, efficiency, and the reduction of labour costs, as well as it is potential to improve the standard of living in rural areas. However, there are also concerns about the high cost of equipment, the lack of skilled operators, and the environmental impact of mechanized agriculture. The review also includes international comparisons and best practices, which can provide insights for promoting sustainable mechanized agriculture in China. Based on the literature review, the paper discusses the implications of mechanized agriculture for the future of China's agricultural sector, including policy recommendations and potential areas for future research. Overall, this paper provides a valuable contribution to the understanding of the state of mechanized agriculture in China and its potential to shape the country's agriculture sector in the years to come.
PubDate: 2023-05-19
DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4246
Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 4 (2023)
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