 Subjects -> GARDENING AND HORTICULTURE (Total: 37 journals)
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- Grafting compatibility between Okra cultivars and root-knot nematode
resistant Kenaf
Authors: Edgard Henrique Costa Silva, Jonathan Versuti, Leila Trevisan Braz
Abstract: The use of intergeneric grafting has been reported as an alternative to manage rootknot nematodes in okra, but the compatibility for grafting has only been tested in a few okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cultivars. The kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is resistant to rootknot nematode species and is a potential rootstock for okra. The objective was to study the compatibility of kenaf as rootstock with okra cultivars. It was used a completely randomized design, in factorial scheme 3x10, with five repetitions. The compatibility was assessed by measuring several vegetative characteristics. All cultivars are compatible for grafting with kenaf as rootstock. Grafting onto kenaf may be an option to control rootknot nematodes.
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-12937
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- Effect of harvest maturity stage and ripening remediation agents on the
shelf life and biochemical quality attributes of tomato (Solanum
lycopersicon) fruits
Authors: Adebusola Oduntan, Oyeboade Oyetunde, Bolatito Shobo, Goke Bodunde
Pages: 255 - 263
Abstract: Tomato fruit is highly perishable because of the characteristic high rate of ethylene production and respiration during ripening. Delayed ripening could be achieved through the use of ripening remediation agents (RRa) that either absorb or block ethylene binding to the fruit receptor. The effects of ripening remediation agents on shelf life and biochemical quality attributes were evaluated on tomato fruits harvested at three maturity stages (breaker, turning and full-ripe). In 2018 and 2019, harvested fruits were stored under seven ripening remediation treatments: 0.1 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.3 µL/L 1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L 1-MCP, 5% KMnO4, 10% KMnO4, 10 g of Zeolite and 20 g of Zeolite and an open shelf condition as the control. At the end of the storage period, fruits were assessed for shelf life as well as total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acids (TA), ascorbic acid, and lycopene contents. There was significant (p≤0.05/0.01) influence of ripening remediation treatments on fruits for all the measured parameters. Fruits stored with RRAs consistently out-performed those stored in the open shelf. RRAs 0.3 µL/L1-MCP, 0.5 µL/L1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 solution media had longer shelf life and higher values of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, lycopene and ascorbic acid contents. The use of 1-MCP and 5% KMnO4 is recommended as effective scavenger of ethylene for extending the shelf-life and maintaining some quality attributes of stored tomato fruits.
PubDate: 2022-09-01
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-12934
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi potentiate the root system and the quality of
goldenberry fruits
Authors: José Luís Trevizan Chiomento, Débora Filippi, Gustavo Mulinari Krasnievicz, João Eduardo Carniel De Paula, Michele Fornari, Thomas dos Santos Trentin
Pages: 265 - 273
Abstract: The lack of information on the horticultural performance of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is one of the factors that limits the expansion of the crop. Still, aiming to establish a sustainable management for this culture, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be adopted. Therefore, the objective of the research was to investigate whether goldenberry plants in the absence and presence of inoculation with AMF differ in terms of horticultural performance. The four treatments studied were the absence (control) and the presence of three inoculants based on AMF (mycorrhizal community, Glomus intraradices and Rhizophagus clarus), arranged in a randomized block design, with five replications. Goldenberry plants produced in substrate enriched with AMF had a more voluminous root system and a greater amount of fine roots. Additionally, the fruits were sweeter and more flavorful when produced by plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal community and with R. clarus. It is concluded that mycorrhization has no effect on fruit production. However, goldenberry plants submitted to mycorrhizal biotechnology enhance the chemical quality of fruits and present a more profuse root system. G. intraradices is most effective in colonizing the roots of the plant host.
PubDate: 2022-10-26
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-13352
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- Combining humic acid with NPK fertilizer improved growth and yield of
chili pepper in dry season
Authors: Budiyati Ichwan, Eliyanti Eliyanti, Irianto Irianto, Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Pages: 275 - 281
Abstract: This research aimed to study the effect of humic acid and NPK fertilizer (15:15:15) on growth and yield of red chili, and to obtain the most suitable composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer which gave the best growth and yield. The study used a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments tested were the composition of humic acid and NPK fertilizer: 100% humic acid; 75% humic acid + 25% NPK; 50% humic acid + 50% NPK; 25% humic acid + 75% NPK; and 100% NPK. Data on plant growth and yield were processed by Analysis of Variance, and means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test. In addition, data on plant biochemical and soil chemical parameters were determined compositely by mixing leaves taken from sample plants or soil samples into one homogenous sample. Results showed that there was no significant difference in growth and yield of plants treated with 100% humic acid in comparison with those plants treated with 100% NPK. However, in comparison with 100% humic acid, the application of different ratios of humic acid/NPK increased plant chlorophyll contents by 65% - 82% and total sugar by 28% - 71%. The application of humic acid/NPK increased soil fertility by improving soil pH as well as N, P and K. In the combination of humic acid/NPK, the best growth and yield were obtained with the application of 25% humic acid + 75% NPK fertilizers. Therefore, for the sustainability of chili cultivation, the use of humic acid needs to be accompanied with NPK fertilizers at a reduced amount, along with the increase in the dose of humic acid.
PubDate: 2022-10-26
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-12816
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- Biological effects of some Colchicum autumnale L. extracts on tissue
development of two varieties of Ocimum basilicum L.
Authors: Ioana-Claudia Moroșan, Lăcrămioara Carmen Ivănescu, Marius Mihășan, Ștefan Mihăiță Olaru, Maria-Magdalena Zamfirache
Pages: 283 - 292
Abstract: Colchicum autumnale L. is a perennial herb from the Colchicaceae family with an unusual life cycle, and it is characterized by an underground corm and hypogynous flowers that appear in autumn; its medicinal importance is represented by its primary alkaloid, colchicine, which has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and antimitotic properties and used in the treatment of some diseases and artificial polyploidy induction in plants. This study aims to determine and evaluate the biological effects induced by treatment with C. autumnale extracts on tissue development in test plants, represented by two Ocimum basilicum L. varieties: ‘Italiano Classico’ and ‘Aromat de Buzău’. Morpho-anatomical observations and some biochemical and physiological analyses were employed. Results show unusual shapes of leaves, differences in stomata size and density, and heteromorphic cells in leaves and epicotyl’s structure in both studied varieties of treated basil test plants.
PubDate: 2022-10-26
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-12981
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- An analysis on the impacts of cryogenic freezing on raspberry quality
Authors: Oliver Gales, Joanna Jones, Nigel Swarts
Pages: 293 - 301
Abstract: Counter-season supply of horticultural products is of increasing demand. Consumers are demanding annual supply of raspberries, which has historically been challenging due to their seasonal summer supply and characteristically high metabolism resulting in a short shelf life and limited period of availability. However, the development of freezing technologies for increasing the length of storage of raspberries offers an opportunity for continual supply of premium quality raspberries. We investigated berry quality after freezing whole fresh raspberries, comparing conventional freezing methods with a modern cryogenic freezing method over a period of six months. Significant increases in total soluble solids, titratable acidity, hue and chroma were found when raspberries were frozen compared to fresh raspberries. No overall difference in berry quality was observed between freezing methods for any parameter assessed. When assessed at time intervals, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, chroma and hue were consistent between freezing methods for all durations of time frozen. These findings provide decision support for producers and distributors pursuing a novel counter season supply chain.
PubDate: 2022-11-14
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-13824
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
- Comparison of 18 Iranian caprifig cultivars based on some morphological
and biochemical parameters
Authors: Babak Jamali, Hosein Amin
Pages: 303 - 314
Abstract: Caprifig is a valuable candidate for fig breeding programs as it typically grows naturally under non-optimal conditions. The present study was carried out to evaluate the biochemical/morphological characteristics of 18 caprifig cultivars indigenous to the Darab region/southern Iran with 4 replications in a completely randomized block design. From each cultivar, healthy uniform leaf samples and spring fruits were taken and analyzed. Our results showed that 'Naneghasem' had the highest leaf α-tocopherol and polyphenol concentration. The highest leaf ascorbic acid concentration was obtained from the Gol Khengi cultivar (17.03 μg g-1 fresh weight). Also, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins were significantly different among the studied cultivars. Various cultivars had different absorption potentials for essential elements as macro and micronutrients concentration in the leaves were statistically different in various caprifigs; 'Naneghasem' had the highest Ca (4.46 mg g-1 dry weight) and Fe (67.71 mg kg-1 dry weight) concentration and the highest leaf K concentration (22.46 mg g-1 dry weight) was observed in 'Mahali Layzengan'. In conclusion, 'Naneghasem' was evaluated as a cultivar which seems to be more morphologically- and biochemically-distant from other studied caprifig varieties and probably more adaptable/tolerant to environmental conditions.
PubDate: 2022-12-19
DOI: 10.36253/ahsc-13349
Issue No: Vol. 36, No. 4 (2022)
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