 Subjects -> GARDENING AND HORTICULTURE (Total: 37 journals)
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- Acaricidal and larvicidal activity of Piper marginatum and Piper
tuberculatum essential oils from Ecuador
Authors: Shirley Madeleine Moncayo-Baño, María Eugenia Rondón-Rivas, Francisco Xavier Cornejo-Sotomayor
Pages: e17363 - e17363
Abstract: Piper marginatum and Piper tuberculatum are species used by local indigenous, people who live especially in eastern Ecuador, for their insecticidal properties. This study aimed to determine the acaricidal and larvicidal activity of the essential oil of these species. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation. The acaricidal activity was evaluated with the contact toxicity method against larvae of the tick Rhipicephalus microplus. Larvicidal activity was determined against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae following WHO recommended guidelines. The essential oils of P. marginatum and P. tuberculatum showed an acaricidal potential with LC50 of 0.90 and 0.73 µL mL-1, respectively. In addition, excellent larvicidal activity was obtained with LC50 of 11.87 µL mL-1 (P. marginatum) and 8.42 µL mL-1 (P. tuberculatum) at 48 hours of evaluation. This is the first report of the acaricidal activity of P. marginatum and P. tuberculatum essential oils against Rhipicephalus microplus tick larvae. The results indicate that essential oils could be a natural alternative for the controlling these pests and would justify their ethnobotanical applications as a lice and tick repellent.
PubDate: 2024-05-26
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17363
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Determining of thermal time and base temperature during the reproductive
phase of the Japanese plum in the tropical Andes
Authors: Mayerlin Orjuela-Angulo, Helber Enrique Balaguera-Lopez, Gerhard Fischer
Pages: e17433 - e17433
Abstract: Climate factors affect the phenological behavior of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivation in tropical elevation. Thermal time is more precise than chronological time for the cultivation labor program and for the estimation of crop phenological events. The objective of this study was to determine the base temperature (Tb) and thermal time for the development of the 'Horvin' plum fruit, estimating the Tb for the reproductive phenological phase of the plum. Twenty trees, consisting of ten trees per rowat two different elevations of 2,195 and 2,567 m a.s.l. (meters above sea level), in the municipality of Nuevo Colon (Colombia), were marked by locality. The appearance of each phenological stage was recorded from floral bud to harvest, estimating Tb with the minimum coefficient method of variation in function of growing degree day (GDD). The results show Tb for the phenological stages floral-anthesis with 2.84°C; anthesis-fruits set, 3.05 °C, and fruit set-harvest, 1.76°C. Therefore, this variety should be grown where there is a minimum temperature of 3.05°C during the reproductive phase. In addition, the results show that an average of 1,243.17 and 1,172.12 GDD is required to go from fruit set to fruit harvest at elevations 2,195 and 2,567 m a.s.l., respectively.
PubDate: 2024-05-26
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17433
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Photosynthetic capacity, phenology, yield and chemical composition of
seeds of three cultivar of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Miguel Ángel García-Parra, Jeimmi Liliana Amado-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Hernández-Criado
Pages: e17524 - e17524
Abstract: Quinoa is an Andean grain recognized for its high nutritional value and its ability to tolerate extreme environmental conditions. Most publications on this species have focused on agronomic or agroindustrial aspects, leaving uncertainties about the relationship between biological yield and compositional characteristics of the grain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the biological performance and agroindustrial properties of the seeds of three quinoa cultivars widely used in Colombia. A completely randomized design was used with the Pasankalla, Soraca and Titicaca cultivars. The first phase involved the evaluation of the physiological behavior of the plants under controlled conditions. In the second phase, seed production and some compositional characteristics were determined in the laboratory. In general, the three cultivars showed significant diversity and differences in morphological, physiological and biochemical traits. The Titicaca cultivar presented the earliest maturity, taking 115.6 days to reach harvest, while Soraca was the cultivar with the highest production, achieving 321 g of seeds per plant. Regarding the characteristics of the grain, the Soraca and Pasankalla cultivars had the highest protein content, with values of 14.33 and 13.76%, respectively.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17524
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Combined application of humic substances and PGPR inoculated and
co-inoculated in plants of Phaseolus lunatus (L.) and Acaciella glauca
(L.) L. Rico
Authors: Juan Guillermo Cubillos-Hinojosa, Enilson Luiz Saccol de Sá, Aleksander Westphal Muniz, Deborah Pinheiro Dick
Pages: e17621 - e17621
Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation of rhizobia and Azospirillum brasilense combined with humic substances (HS) in growth promotion of Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) and Acaciella glauca (leucaena). For this, experiments in a greenhouse with the cultivation of each plant species were carried out. A randomized complete block experimental design with five repetitions was followed. Plant seeds were sown and then inoculated with rhizobia and co-inoculated with A. brasilense. Subsequently, HS were added at the dose recommended by the manufacturer. In the experiments with both plants, control treatments with the addition of nitrogen (N) with or without HS were used. After 45 days, the shoot dry mass (SDM), root dry mass (RDM), shoot-accumulated N (Nac) and relative efficiency index (REI) were determined. In addition, the mass of dry nodules (MDN) in the lima bean plants and the number of nodules (NN) in leucaena plants were determined. The results showed that in the lima bean and leucaena plants there was a greater increase in SDM, RDM and Nac in treatments that received HS and co-inoculation with rhizobia and A. brasilense than in treatments that were inoculated only with rhizobia and HS and in treatments that received N and HS compared to addition of N and isolated inoculation of rhizobia. The combined application of HS and rhizobia in co-inoculation with A. brasilense had a greater effect on the increase of MDN in lima bean and NN in leucaena, than in treatments where only rhizobia with HS were added. These results indicate the existence of potential interaction of the use of HS with the co-inoculation of rhizobia and A. brasilense, showing promise for the production of sustainable agricultural crops.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17621
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Protection of soybean by orange peel extract and its nanocapsules against
ethyl methanesulfonate damages
Authors: Khaled Ramadan, Souhail Nader, Loubna Mokrani
Pages: e17604 - e17604
Abstract: Citrus fruits are one of the most important sources of phenolic substances, known as antioxidants and protector agents against ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Orange peels were used to extract bioactive compounds such as phenols, in addition to evaluate antioxidant activity of the extracts. Soybean plant was used to study the effect of several concentrations (0.01, 0.1 and 1%) of orange peel water extract as protector material to which EMS (0.7%) was added, as well as nanoencapsulated extract at 0.1%. Several parameters were measured to evaluate the effect of these concentrations on soybean as germination rate, plant height, number of leaves, leaves characteristics, total number of flowers after 40 days from germination, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds. The results showed that 1% of orange peel water extract had the highest protective effect, however no positive effect was detected when it was used without EMS. Using 0.01% of orange peels extract was indeed advantageous for plant growth. On the other hand, pectin-calcium nanoencapsulated extract at 0.1% showed better effectiveness when compared to non-encapsulated extract at the same concentration. These results revealed that using plant extracts could be a promising approach to protect plants from harmful substances existing in some mediums (tissue culture) and environments.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17604
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Critical period of weed competition in cowpea
Authors: César Vergara-Córdoba, Melisa Polo-Elis, Salma Cogollos-Hoyos, Carlos Cardona-Ayala, Miguel Espitia-Camacho, Iván Pastrana-Vargas, Hermes Araméndiz-Tatis
Pages: e17657 - e17657
Abstract: Weed competition is one of the factors that limit cowpea production in the world, causing losses of up to 90% of grain yield and quality. Knowledge of the critical period of weed competition (CPC) is important to prevent significant losses of grain and resources in the production process. The objective was to determine the critical period of weed competition in the cultivation of cowpea beans, Missouri cultivar, in two sowing seasons: dry (2022B) and rainy (2023A) of warm dry Colombian Caribbean. The randomized complete block design was used with eight treatments and four repetitions. The first four treatments corresponded to manual control of weeds in the intervals 0-10, 0-20, 0-30 and 0-50 days after emergence (DAE), the second four treatments corresponded to the crop-weed coexistence, in the same intervals. Cowpea grain yield, dry mass, cover and weed community composition were evaluated. The critical period of competition of weeds in the cowpea crop for the dry and rainy seasons was 14-33 and 14-29 days after emergence, respectively. The reduction in grain yield was 65.2% in the dry season and 80.46% in the rainy season. Rottboellia cochinchinensis had the highest occurrence rate with 30.3% and a density of 90 individuals per m2; which is important for the agronomic management of the crop in the humid Caribbean subregion.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17657
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Breaking of dormancy in hawthorn yam (Dioscorea rotundata [Poir.]) by
applying plant growth regulators
Authors: Amir-José Serpa-Ortega, Manuel-Ramón Espinosa-Carvajal, Diana-Beatriz Sánchez-López
Pages: e17697 - e17697
Abstract: Dormancy in hawthorn yam (Dioscorea rotundata [Poir.]) tubers poses challenges during storage and field planting due to prolonged dormancy periods, leading to fungal attacks and reduced sowing density. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in inducing early sprouting in commercial hawthorn yam tubers to mitigate these issues. Tubers were divided into apical, middle, and basal sections, treated with various PGRs, and sown in sterile substrate. Thiourea at 1 g L-1 emerged as the most effective treatment, promoting the highest percentage of sprouting across all observation periods. Thiourea at 2 g L-1 proved efficient for apical and middle sections, while mepiquat chloride at 2 mL L-1 stimulated sprouting in the basal part. These findings demonstrate the potential of PGRs in inducing early sprouting and enhancing germination uniformity in hawthorn yam tubers, offering practical implications for improved crop management.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17697
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Micropropagation and phytopathology of calla lily (Zantedeschia spp.) in
vitro
Authors: Amparo Martínez Hernández, José Luis Rodríguez de la O, Juan Guillermo Cruz-Castillo, José Oscar Mascorro-Gallardo, Ma de Jesús Juárez-Hernández, Luis Ángel Barrera-Guzmán, Héctor Tecumshé Mójica-Zárate
Pages: e17623 - e17623
Abstract: Calla lily (Zantedeschia spp.) is an herbaceous flowering plant that belongs to Araceae family with worldwide distribution. Native to the swampy or mountainous regions of South Africa. It’s is valued as ornamental plant due to its extraordinary sphate and decorative leaves. However, its production has decreased due to the presence of diseases. In vitro culture of plant cells and tissues has been successfully applied to precisely diagnose and control diseases to produce disease-free plants. This study analyzes information from in vitro techniques applied to this crop, highlighting phytopathological aspects. The description of the different stages of in vitro culture, obtention and propagation of healthy or pathogen-free plants was considered. In vitro culture has proven to be an effective tool for rapid clonal propagation and multiplication of Zantedeschia spp. A sanitary management before the in vitro culture is recommended.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17623
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Micropropagation and phytopathology of calla lily (Zantedeschia spp.) in
vitro
Authors: Amparo Martínez Hernández, José Luis Rodríguez de la O, Juan Guillermo Cruz-Castillo, José Oscar Mascorro-Gallardo, Ma de Jesús Juárez-Hernández, Luis Ángel Barrera-Guzmán, Héctor Tecumshé Mójica-Zárate
Pages: e17623 - e17623
Abstract: Calla lily (Zantedeschia spp.) is an herbaceous flowering plant that belongs to Araceae family with worldwide distribution. Native to the swampy or mountainous regions of South Africa. It’s is valued as ornamental plant due to its extraordinary sphate and decorative leaves. However, its production has decreased due to the presence of diseases. In vitro culture of plant cells and tissues has been successfully applied to precisely diagnose and control diseases to produce disease-free plants. This study analyzes information from in vitro techniques applied to this crop, highlighting phytopathological aspects. The description of the different stages of in vitro culture, obtention and propagation of healthy or pathogen-free plants was considered. In vitro culture has proven to be an effective tool for rapid clonal propagation and multiplication of Zantedeschia spp. A sanitary management before the in vitro culture is recommended.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17623
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Determination of the phenology of Aloysia citriodora (Palau) and the
associated arthropods
Authors: Silvia Patricia López-Zapata
Pages: e17370 - e17370
Abstract: Lemon verbena, Aloysia citriodora (Palau) has been widely used in traditional medicine, cosmetics, and the food industry. In Colombia the foliage is marketed fresh but there is no information regarding the plant phenology, nor on the insects associated, therefore the management practices are still empirical, and sometimes does not comply with the national regulations for the commercialization of medicinal plants. In this study it was determined that it takes 32 weeks from planting to flower senescence completing its phenological cycle; likewise, an associated arthropofauna of 50 families with different feeding habits were found, suggesting that the species offers different ecosystem services. The information obtained could contribute to establish more effective management plans for arthropods, and to improve quality of materials with medicinal purposes.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17370
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Assessment of the health status of citrus propagation material against Hop
stunt viroid through biological and molecular diagnosis
Authors: Diana Milena Rodríguez-Mora, Kevin Alejandro Rodríguez-Arévalo, Mauricio Fernando Martínez, Nubia Murcia-Riaño
Pages: e17106 - e17106
Abstract: Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) is the causal agent of citrus cachexia, which can lead to significant crop losses. As part of a preventive management strategy, it is essential to use healthy plants from a certification program. This study aimed to, healthiness of 17 citrus cultivars was evaluated against HSVd using both biological and molecular diagnostics. For biological diagnosis, Etrog citron (Citrus medica L.) clone Arizona 861 S1 was used as an indicator plant, incorporating negative and positive controls for HSVd infection. For molecular diagnosis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was employed with specific primers for viroid detection. Results indicated that six months after inoculation, the positive control exhibited symptoms associated with viroid infection, such as necrosis in the petiole and stem, leaf epinasty, and necrosis in the midvein. In contrast, both the negative control and evaluated citrus cultivars showed no symptoms. These findings were supported by molecular analysis, which allowed the amplification of a viroid genome region only in the positive control. Both biological and molecular diagnosis confirmed the absence of HSVd in the citrus varieties assessed. This study will facilitate the evaluation of the citrus plant collections used in the foundation category as a source of buds for plant multiplication of registered and certified seeds for citrus propagation nurseries in Colombia.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17106
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Precision agriculture in avocado production: Mapping the landscape of
scientific and technological developments
Authors: Juan P. Taramuel-Taramuel, Claudia Nelcy Jiménez-Hernández, Dursun Barrios
Pages: e17428 - e17428
Abstract: The integration of cutting-edge precision agriculture technologies into avocado production is a promising strategy to boost productivity and profitability in this thriving industry. While previous reviews have explored the application of emerging technologies in avocado cultivation, there is a gap in the analysis of patent production. This research aims to bridge that gap by identifying trends in both scientific and technological innovations related to precision agriculture in avocado. Through a bibliometric analysis using data from Scopus and Lens.org, this study reveals that scientific production is primarily concentrated in industrialized countries, with limited research output from major avocado-producing nations. The focus of research has been on remote sensing and image processing techniques. In terms of technological development, innovations in agricultural data capture, collection, and processing, as well as components for agricultural machinery, have been the most prevalent. Market-available technologies are designed to predict crop yields and assess the impact of abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation. By adopting these precision agriculture tools, avocado farmers can make data-driven decisions to optimize resource use, improve crop health, and ultimately enhance overall farm performance.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17428
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Genotype-by-environment interaction of Solanum quitoense (Lam.) using the
AMMI model
Authors: Liz Katherine Lagos-Santander, David Esteban Duarte-Alvarado, Túlio César Lagos-Burbano
Pages: e17442 - e17442
Abstract: The basis for genetic improvement for the cultivation of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in Colombia is limited. Research related to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and stability in agronomic traits is scarce. To identify outstanding genotypes, GEI and the stability of fruit weight (FW), ascorbic acid (AA), and yield of 10 half-sib families (HSF) were evaluated. At the locations of San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua and La Union of the department of Nariño (Colombia), four trials were established under the randomised complete block design with four repetitions. To analyse GEI, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and some AMMI stability parameters were used. In yield, the HSF7 and the control presented specific adaptation for Tangua, with 12.82 and 13.41 t ha-1, respectively and FW greater than 100 g. In Arboleda, HSF29 obtained the highest yield (16.14 t ha-1) with an FW of 100.53 g. HSF4, HSF28 and HSF49 reached yields above 9.0 t ha-1 and a FW greater than 100 g; therefore, they are recommended for any of the environments evaluated given their stability. HSF25 in AA and HSF29 in yield presented specific adaptation in Arboleda. Stable families across environments and with good yield were HSF4, HSF28, and HSF49, HSF4 and HSF28 showed higher values in two of the three traits, and HSF49 was outstanding in all three variables. These families can be used in plant breeding programmes as parents or distributed to farmers as improved varieties.
PubDate: 2024-05-01
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17442
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Excess of zinc reduces the growth of bulb onion plants (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Fánor Casierra-Posada, Luis Miguel Trujillo-Niño
Pages: e17400 - e17400
Abstract: While zinc (Zn) is an essential element for plant metabolism, anthropic activities and poor agricultural practices as well as frequent use of pesticides and fertilizers rich in this element can cause toxic levels of Zn to plants. A study was done under greenhouse conditions in Tunja, Colombia in which bulb onion seedlings (Allium cepa L.) were exposed to 0 (control), 20, 40, and 80 mg L-1 of Zn in mixture with a nutrient solution containing macro and micronutrients. The excess Zn in the solution had a rather drastic effect on the accumulation of dry weight and reduced the absolute growth rate, the specific leaf area, the water uptake, the water use efficiency, the leaf area, the length of all roots per plant, and on the contrary, increased the content of total soluble solids in the juice of the bulb. Thus, most growth-related variables were negatively affected from 20 mg L-1 and up of Zn in solution. In addition, the toxic effect of Zn is more drastic on plants growing in nutrient solution compared to those growing in soil. The experiment lasted until 54 days after transplanting, which was the limit for plant survival, especially at higher concentrations of Zn, so it can be inferred that these plants have low tolerance to high Zn contents in the substrate.
PubDate: 2024-04-28
DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17400
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
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