 Subjects -> WATER RESOURCES (Total: 160 journals)
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- Hydrological modelling of Usk River basin in the State of Wales, UK using
geospatial technologies-
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Authors: Hayder H. Kareem
Pages: 175 - 189
Abstract: The measurement and analysis of river basins is one of the basic tasks in morphometric studies, and it is extremely important for many geomorphological and hydrological applications. The current study aims to identify the hydrological characteristics of the Usk River basin in the State of Wales, United Kingdom, with boundaries (51°32'31")N and (2°59'6")W. Digital elevation model (DEM) and Landsat 8 of the study area are downloaded and analysed hydrologically using geographic information systems (GIS). The results showed that the basin of the Usk River descends from an elevation of 879 m in the northeast at the city of Brecon (the source) to the southwest with an elevation of (-32 m) at the city of Newport (the estuary). The topographic wetness index (TWI) ranges between (5.5-7.5), and sometimes rises to range (15-25). The sediment transfer index (STI) indicates that the Usk River and its tributaries do not carry significant river sediments.
Keywords: hydrological modelling; Usk River Basin; geospatial technologies; GIS; geographic information systems; TWI; topographic wetness index; STI; sediment transfer index; State of Wales; UK
Citation: International Journal of Water, Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023) pp. 175 - 189
PubDate: 2023-10-09T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2023.133992
Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023)
- Predicting aluminium using full-scale data of a conventional water
treatment plant on Orontes River by ANN, GEP, and DT-
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Authors: Ruba Dahham Alsaeed, Bassam Alaji, Mazen Ibrahim
Pages: 190 - 206
Abstract: Aluminium sulphate is one of the most common chemicals used to coagulate water. Some studies indicate that it can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease. This study focused on the relationship between residual aluminium and many parameters. The actual data of Al-Qusayr purification plant in Homs city was used. Three different models were studied, artificial neural networks (ANN), genetic expression technology (GEP) and Decision Tree (DT), to determine the residual aluminium. The models' results were compared. ANN was the best in modelling data when initial turbidity was between 6.5 and 30 NTU, decision tree was better in the range 25 to 60 NTU. In general the best model was ANN, while the most easily generalised one was GEP. The ANN model was found to be the most suitable model to predict residual aluminium with a coefficient of determination R<SUP align="right">2</SUP> = 0.88 and RMSE = 0.019 mg/L.
Keywords: aluminium residual; artificial neural networks; gene expression; decision tree; turbidity
Citation: International Journal of Water, Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023) pp. 190 - 206
PubDate: 2023-10-09T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2023.133991
Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023)
- Evaluation of the impact of climate change on water resources and droughts
frequency and severity in a small-scale international catchment in the
Iberian Peninsula-
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Authors: José Moyano, Mirta Dimas, Antonio Jiménez-Ãlvarez, Luis Miguel Barranco, Carlos Ruiz del Portal, Adrián Rico
Pages: 207 - 231
Abstract: An evaluation of the potential effect of climate change on water resources and droughts has been performed in a small-scale international region in NW of the Iberian Peninsula. Twenty EURO-CORDEX climate projections were used for three future periods (2010-2040, 2040-2070 and 2070-2100) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The bias of the climate projections was analysed and corrected using quantile mapping (QM) technique. A distributed model at a spatial resolution of 500 m was used for the hydrological simulation. The ensemble of projections simulated a reduction in runoff of -8.7% in RCP4.5 and -15.8% in RCP8.5 by the end of the century. High discrepancies between projections, due to the uncertainties of the process, cause differences within the river basin, but reductions in runoff are generalised all over the territory by 2100. The frequency and severity of droughts, estimated through a probabilistic approach, are likely to increase by the end of the century.
Keywords: climate change impact; hydrologic simulation; bias correction; water resources; droughts; international river basin management; drought frequency estimation; drought severity estimation
Citation: International Journal of Water, Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023) pp. 207 - 231
PubDate: 2023-10-09T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2023.133996
Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023)
- Examining sediment accumulation pattern and storage capacity loss of Lake
Ziway, Ethiopia-
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Authors: José Moyano, Mirta Dimas, Antonio Jiménez-Ãlvarez, Luis Miguel Barranco, Carlos Ruiz del Portal, Adrián Rico
Pages: 232 - 247
Abstract: To estimate Lake Ziway (Ethiopia) sedimentation and life time of reservoirs, multi-year, repeated acoustic surveying techniques were applied. The lake's old bathymetry of the year 2005 and new 2017 lake bathymetry were generated by collecting lake depth. The sediment distribution pattern between the years was analysed by subtracting their raster maps and the sediment thickness was generated by subtracting the old bottom elevation from the new by using ArcGIS 10.2. From this, the total amount of sediment deposited in 12 years was 17.75 million cubic metres, which gives an average thickness of 4.2 cm. After 12 years, the lake has lost about 1.12% of its volume. Assuming a constant rate over the period, the annual sedimentation is 1.479 million cubic metres or 1.81 million ton/year. Based on the calculated sediment rate, the lake will lose its volume by 0.093% annually and its half-life is estimated as 519.5 years.
Keywords: bathymetry; reservoir capacity; sedimentation; capacity curve; Lake Ziway
Citation: International Journal of Water, Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023) pp. 232 - 247
PubDate: 2023-10-09T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2023.133993
Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023)
- Perspectives on 2018 'water crisis management' in Cape Town, South Africa:
a systematic review-
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Authors: José Moyano, Mirta Dimas, Antonio Jiménez-Ãlvarez, Luis Miguel Barranco, Carlos Ruiz del Portal, Adrián Rico
Pages: 248 - 274
Abstract: "Day Zero" was the municipality's forecast that Cape Town's water supply would be completely shut off on 12 April, 2018, due to water scarcity. Subsequently, many scholars have offered a multiplicity of narratives that have evolved into an assortment of perspectives to explain how the Day Zero phenomenon emerged, including its framing, impacts on Capetonians, their response, and how it could be avoided in the future. Using a systematic review of literature to examine emerging perspectives on the Day Zero phenomenon, findings revealed varied perspectives that ranged from political; conspiracy; rhetorical; behavioural change; ecological; socioeconomic; to perspectives on water governance.
Keywords: Day Zero; water scarcity; water governance; perspectives; water conservation; adaptation
Citation: International Journal of Water, Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023) pp. 248 - 274
PubDate: 2023-10-09T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJW.2023.133997
Issue No: Vol. 15, No. 3 (2023)
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