Authors:MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS WIRAATMAJA, RAHMAWATI HASANAH, NOOR MALITA DWIRANI, ANDINI SUKMA PRATIWI, FADYA ELVA RIANI, SITI HASNANINGTYAS, Gilang D. Nugroho, AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN Abstract: Abstract. Wiraatmaja MF, Hasanah R, Dwirani NM, Pratiwi AS, Riani FE, Hasnaningtyas S, Nugroho GD, Setyawan AD. 2022. Structure and composition molluscs (bivalves and gastropods) in mangrove ecosystem of Pacitan District, East Java, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 12: 1-11. The mangrove ecosystem is a habitat for several species of molluscs. Therefore, mollusc's existence has an important role in the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem. This research was conducted to determine the structure and composition of mollusc (gastropods and bivalves) in the mangrove ecosystem of Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia. The mollusc sampling was carried out at three mangrove ecosystem locations, Teleng Ria, Grindulu, and Siwil. Each sampling research location made a plot of 10 x 10 m. Then, the individual and mollusc species that have been collected were analyzed using the Shanon-Weiner biodiversity index, species density, Margalef species richness index, evenness index, and Simpson dominance index. The molluscs found were 25 species, consisting of 17 gastropod species with 13 families. The gastropod families with the most number of species are Littorinidae (3), Ellobidae (2), Potamididae (2). Meanwhile, there are 8 species of bivalves consisting of 5 families. Then, Mytilidae (2), Ostreidae (2), and Veneridae (2) are the families with the most number of species in bivalves. The total molluscs obtained had a density of 36.9 individuals/100 m2. The mollusc biodiversity index was 2.14 (medium), mollusc species richness reached 4.1 (medium), the evenness of species in this research reached 0.66 (quite even) and the species dominance index was recorded at 0.34 (low) which means that there are no dominant species in the research location. Then, each research location has a different species and density species of molluscs. This is caused by differences in the type of substrate (such as sandy, muddy or rocky) and abiotic factors found in the research location (such as temperature, pH, and salinity). PubDate: 2022-02-14 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:AGUSTINA PUTRI CAHYANINGSIH, AVYDA KOZA DEANOVA, CELIN MAYLANI PRISTIAWATI, YAYA IHYA ULUMUDDIN, LIA KUSUMAWATI, AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN Abstract: Abstract. Cahyaningsih AP, Deanova AK, Pristiawati CM, Ulumuddin YI, Kusumawati L, Setyawan AD. 2021. Review: Causes and impacts of anthropogenic activities on mangrove deforestation and degradation in Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 11: 1-11. Indonesia is a country with the largest extent of mangroves in the world. However, as the human population increases the extent and quality of the mangroves is decreasing. The increasing population is in line with increase in human activities, leading to deforestation and degradation of the mangrove forests. This paper aimed to review anthropogenic activities that cause mangrove deforestation and degradation in Indonesia as well as the impacts of such anthropogenic activities on the mangrove ecosystems, and to formulate the efforts to overcome mangrove deforestation and degradation in the country. Various human activities are the primary drivers of deforestation and degradation of mangroves, including land conversion from mangrove forests into other land uses (e.g., agricultural lands, ponds, infrastructure developments and human settlements), extractive activities (e.g. mining and logging), and household and industrial activities (e.g., plastic debris, heavy metals pollutants). These anthropogenic factors have impacts on reduced mangrove forest area, changes in mangrove composition, uneven species abundance and pollution. In combination with sea level rise caused by global climate change, such activities pose devastating threats to Indonesian mangroves. Efforts to overcome these problems include increasing awareness of communities regarding the conservation of mangrove, conducting mangrove restoration programs and promoting sustainable management of mangrove, for example through ecotourism. On top of that, community participation plays essential role in sustainable management and conservation of mangrove forests in Indonesia. PubDate: 2022-02-12 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
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