 Subjects -> WATER RESOURCES (Total: 160 journals)
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- Bias correction of regional climate model simulation for hydrological
climate change over Bouregrag watershed in Morocco-
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Authors: F. Gadouali, T. Benabdelouahab, A. Boudhar, R. Hadria, N. Semane, A. Fadil, K. Elrhaz
Pages: 125 - 139
Abstract: General and regional climate models (GCMs/RCMs) exhibit many systematic biases, which affects the simulation accuracy of the real precipitation patterns and consequently the associated hydrological changes. The common approach used to reduce errors in the climate model output is to apply bias correction methods (BCMs) which attempt to adjust the climate simulation by its observation counterpart. In this study, we applied BCM on simulated rainfall over the Bouregrag basin (Morocco) from CanRCM<SUB align="right">4 CORDEX RCM using linear SCALING method (SCALING), gamma quantile mapping (GQM) and empirical quantile mapping (EQM). Owing to its high performance compared to the others, we applied the EQM method on climate projections under the RCP<SUB align="right">4.5 scenario. Results showed a decrease up to -50% in the monthly rainfall for the period 2041-2060 with the exception of August and December exhibiting an increase between +20% and +78%. This study supports the need to bias correct climate data before their use in hydrological models where the bias could be irreversible.
Keywords: regional climate model; RCM; bias correction methods; BCMs; hydrological models; quantile mapping; Morocco
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 125 - 139
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140312
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Identifying the optimum location of the dewatering pumping wells around
excavations using numerical FEFLOW model: a theoretical study-
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Authors: F. Gadouali, T. Benabdelouahab, A. Boudhar, R. Hadria, N. Semane, A. Fadil, K. Elrhaz
Pages: 140 - 154
Abstract: A theoretical study has been explored the dewatering process in an excavation pit has dimensions (600 × 600) m<SUP align="right">2</SUP> and depth 6 m in an area (4,000 × 4,000) m<SUP align="right">2</SUP> with a total depth 30 m using FEFLOW programme. A mathematical model is created to reduce the water table at least 1 m below the bottom level of the excavation. The model is run in the steady state (one year) and transient flow (45 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days) conditions. Pumping wells are installed at distances of 50 m, 100 m, 150 m, 300 m, 450 m and 600 m away from the excavation. The total tested scenarios are 27: 15 (steady state) and 12 (transient state). Only 13 scenarios succeeded in achieving the required condition: 4 (steady state) and 9 (transient state). Economically, over the succeeded scenarios, scenario (S<SUB align="right">16) is considered the best dewatering one with the lowest extraction rate (157,500 m<SUP align="right">3</SUP>/45 days) and minimal distance away from the excavation (50 m).
Keywords: construction excavation pit; dewatering; FEFLOW; optimum location; mathematical modelling
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 140 - 154
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140311
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- The effect of reactor H/D ratios on the cultivation of aerobic
granular sludge-
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Authors: Fengli Zhao, Shenjie Zhou
Pages: 155 - 169
Abstract: Height to diameter ratios (H/D ratios) of the sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) are of great significance in the cultivation of the aerobic granular sludge (AGS). In this study, the gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns in the reactors with two different H/D ratios of 5 and 3 were simulated based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results showed that higher H/D ratios of the reactors provided smaller liquid velocity and shear rate, but more small vortices and longer circulations compare with the lower H/D ratio reactor. Moreover, the cultivation of AGS in the two H/D ratio reactors was further investigated. It was found that reactors with higher H/D ratios can accelerate sludge granulation and retain more sludge than reactors with lower H/D ratios. However, the two reactors achieved the similar pollutant removal efficiency during the stable period, demonstrating that a high H/D ratio can enhance granulation but is not necessary for practical applications, which can reduce construction difficulties.
Keywords: aerobic granular sludge; AGS; H/D ratios; computational fluid dynamics; CFD; flow patterns; granular performance
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 155 - 169
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140310
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Anomalous behaviour of Indian summer monsoon rainfall due to the change in
some of the monsoon semi-permanent features in surplus and deficit years-
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Authors: Ghulam G. Zahid, Nuzhat Fatima, Aparna Sinha, Ajhar Hussain, Firoz Ahmad
Pages: 170 - 185
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to better understand the Indian summer monsoon's insufficient rainfall in 2002 and excess rainfall in 2007, as well as their relationship with large-scale circulation features and land-sea heating contrast. Zonal and Meridional wind at 850 Hpa and mean sea level pressure and monthly mean rainfall are the parameters used to describe the semi-permanent features and anomalous behaviour of ISMR. Over extensive portions of the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and much of India, significant mean sea level pressure and rainfall anomalies are present. Negative rainfall anomalies prevailed over some parts in the centre of the monsoon core zone (MCZ). By evaluating the Somali jet, the Mascarene high and ISMR observed that heavy rainfall occurs in the MCZ. Mascarene high show stronger anticlockwise circulation in deficit year but due to the effects of El Niño wind and moisture transferred towards the East-Pacific region.
Keywords: Indian summer monsoon rainfall; ISMR; monsoon semi-permanent features; ENSO; convection; cross-equatorial low-level jet; monsoon core zone; MCZ
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 170 - 185
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140314
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Impact of large dam reservoirs on slight local season shifting (case
study: Three Gorges Dam)-
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Authors: Yongzhen Deji, Jihui Fan, Majid Galoie, Artemis Motamedi
Pages: 186 - 200
Abstract: The monthly data (1980-2018) from 54 stations, which were classified into three altitude levels, were extracted. The analysis showed TGD had a minor effect on the variation of the precipitation data. Also, due to the variation in dominant wind direction and speed, the spatial distribution of rainfall was altered significantly. The Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) analysis in 1, 3, and 12 months showed degradation in the positive drought index downstream of the dam after impounding. The data analysis showed that TGD had a strong impact on the increase in monthly temperature and relative humidity both upstream and downstream of the dam such that for the regions with altitudes of higher than 400 m.a.s.l., the month with the maximum monthly RH and temperature was shifted from December to June and from July to June, respectively. This shifting in lower altitude regions was not seen.
Keywords: Three Gorges Dam; TGD; meteorological data analysis; season shifting; local climate change
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 186 - 200
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140313
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- A systematic review on the sustainability of micro hydropower in Nepal
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Authors: Yongzhen Deji, Jihui Fan, Majid Galoie, Artemis Motamedi
Pages: 201 - 210
Abstract: Micro hydropower plants not only provide electricity but also enrich the socio-economic status of rural areas of Nepal. Hence, the sustainability of smaller-scale hydropower plants is an exceptionally imperative viewpoint for poverty reduction in Nepal. This review paper aims to find a sustainability evaluation to demonstrate for smaller-scale hydropower plants in Nepal. We searched research articles from three popular databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, and JSTOR, starting from 2010 to 2022. And we have only included the data of the hydropower whose capacity is less than 100 KW. The result shows that the development of small-scale hydropower ventures gives viable decision-making support for the rural electrification and advancement sector. Despite that, some huge issues and challenges must be resolved in time for the development of micro-hydropower in Nepal. If those issues are resolved on time, there is huge potential for micro-hydropower in Nepal.
Keywords: sustainability; micro-hydropower; development; financial barrier; Nepal; technical difficulties; decentralisation; environment; energy; rural electrification
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 201 - 210
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140322
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
- Rainfall trend analysis in Gujarat's semi-arid zone: a modified approach
with autocorrelation consideration-
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Authors: Ramiz F. Tasiya, Naveena K. Kannegowda, Shilpesh C. Rana
Pages: 211 - 235
Abstract: Precise identification of rainfall movement is very essential during climate change scenarios for better water resources management. Erratic and violent monsoon rainfall movements are observed in the coastal region of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Kerala within a very short period. The aim of the research is to identify the changes that occurred in the South-West monsoon rainfall trend using advance statistical package of R-software, for the semi-arid region of Gujarat. From the Wallis and Moore phase-frequency test, it is found that 6 out of 29 stations are having significant autocorrelation. Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope tests are used to carry out rainfall trend analysis. Spatial representation of mean SW-monsoon rainfall and Sen's slope shows lower magnitude near coastal region and higher magnitude at higher elevation range. As a result, it is concluded that in monsoon two stations (7%) and particularly during June month seven (24%) stations are showing a significantly decreasing trend.
Keywords: R-software; Sen's Slope test; Wallis and Moore phase-frequency test (Z- test); modified Mann-Kendall test
Citation: International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024) pp. 211 - 235
PubDate: 2024-08-02T23:20:50-05:00
DOI: 10.1504/IJHST.2024.140315
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2024)
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