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International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Number of Followers: 7

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2165-882X - ISSN (Online) 2165-8846
Published by SAP

[105 journals]

Innovative Policy to Enable Sustained Conserving of Forest Biodiversity
- Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 13, Number 1Md Rahimullah Miah, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Main Uddin Miah, Jorin Tasnim Parisha, Md Sher-E Alam, Alexander Kiew Sayok, Md Shoaibur Rahman, Md. Amir Sharif, Mohammad Belal UddinBangladesh is a densely populated country, where forest cover is decreasing day by day. There is an existing outdated policy to protect forests, the implementation of which is harmful overt and covert corruption of protected biodiversity through misuse of wireless sensor technology. Most of the people of the present generation are dependent on this wireless sensor technology, the misuse of the technology is turning dense forests into barren deserts. Research has revealed that cybercriminals are tracking forest cover with wireless sensor devices that cause wildfires, landslides, heatwaves, climate crises, artificial earthquakes, desertification, sensor poaching and digitally killing wildlife. Yet forest policy-makers and administrations are apathetic about appropriate solutions to protect biodiversity through existing laws and policies. Studies show that encroachment by forest criminals is the main cause of deforestation and depletion of forest in a particular GPS location. Scientific and innovative forest policies are urgently needed to solve the current problems, so that unprotected forests can be converted into protected green forests.
Non-Timber Forest Products: An Evaluation of Stakeholders' Knowledge,
Utilization and Prospects for Development in Dasse Chiefdom, Moyamba
District, Sierra Leone
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 4Adegboyega Ayodeji Otesile, Alford Aaron FidawiA survey on available Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) was conducted in community forests within Baoma, Pambela and Domboma communities in Dasse Chiefdom, Moyamba District, Sierra Leone. The aim was to evaluate community inhabitants’ knowledge of the uses of these NTFPs. Plant and animal parts exploited by inhabitants were identified and a strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of NTFPs potentials for development in the study areas was also conducted. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, interviews and ocular observations. Sixty-five questionnaires, representing 100% of adult population of the communities was administered. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. Thirty-two NTFPs of plant and animal origins was identified to be used by the people in the communities studied. All respondents claimed to know the uses of NTFPs identified in their respective communities; with most of them (Baoma - 84.00%, Pambela - 80.00% and Domboma - 89.29%) acquiring such knowledge from elders while growing up in their families. Respondents accounts revealed that, identified NTFPs were used for: medicines, food (e.g. plants, wild game and honey) and other uses such as fodder, winnower, fasteners, fuel-wood, game traps, local floor mat, home roofing, fishing nets and craft, e.g. (from rope, tree branches and rattan). Findings from the SWOT analysis revealed that the strict enforcement of subsisting bylaws in the 3 communities is a major source of strength to NTFP development in the communities; while lack of access to wider market is a weakness. However, prospect of employment to the people represents opportunities from NTFP development in Baoma and Pambela, while prospects of promoting poverty alleviation and local development signifies opportunities in Domboma. Farming activities in the community forests is seen as the major threat to NTFP development in the 3 communities.
Increasing Agricultural Productivity with Dual-Use Crops: An
Agriculture-Livestock-Environment Integration Strategy in Niger
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 4Ibrahim Kasso A. Rahamane, Massaoudou Moussa, Zounon Christian Serge Félix, Baragé Moussa, Mahamane LarwanouAgriculture and livestock are the main sources of food for both humans and animals. However, soil poverty, high fertilizer costs, land degradation and deforestation are major challenges in the fragile ecosystems of semi-arid areas. A study on the integration of agriculture and livestock was conducted in the Maradi region of Niger. The objective of this study is to develop integrated farming models that will improve crop productivity, livestock production and soil fertility at the lowest cost. The experimental set up is a factorial 2 x 7 x 3 in 4 Fisher blocks according to a split-split plot arrangement of 112.5m x 76m or 8 550m2. Measurements were made on stem/fan biomass and grain yield. The results of this study show that the development of crops associated with cereals and legumes (cowpeas and/or groundnuts) in alternating strips or in rotation have increased the yield of stem biomass and grain and the level of soil fertility. The effect of alternating strip cropping induced an increase in grain yield in 2020 compared to 2019. Microdose organo-mineral fertilization had positively modified (P
Challenges of Legal Instruments for Biodiversity Conservation along with
National Parks
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 3Md Rahimullah Miah, Md Mehedi Hasan, Jorin Tasnim Parisha, Alexander Kiew SayokBiodiversity is the core outline when global environmental issues are discussed which responds to national environmental issues and interlinks with policy instruments. Environmental policy instruments are tools used by the state government to implement these conservation mechanisms through political commitments. The study aimed to assess the environmental policy instruments including legal for conserving of biodiversity through primary and secondary data analysis at Lawachara National Park (LNP) in Moulvibazar of Bangladesh. Key conservation legal instruments provided at the LNP and its challenges with gaps in policies for national parks management are highlighted. The study shows that the biodiversity related rules and regulations amended was highest in Bangladesh within the period of 2010 to 2020 while policy weight scoring is about 96% of LNP. The growth of national parks maximized within the same period. The study assessed that the existing legal conservation instruments are inadequate for national park biodiversity protection in Bangladesh.
Tree Species Coexistence and Diversity on Elevation Gradient of Elephant
Camp Natural Forest, Nigeria
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 3Oladele Fisayo Falade, Taiwo David BabalolaSpatial species diversity and size inequality contribute to maintenance of tree species diversity in tropical forests. Coexistence of tree species requires interactions within and between spatial species and size diversity. However, elevation gradient has significant impact on growth and species interactions. Failure of most conservation efforts is due to inability to identify and maintain coexistence mechanisms existing in the forest. Understanding the contribution of elevation gradient to coexistence of tree species will improve conservation efforts and terrestrial carbon budgeting. Therefore, association between tree diversity and size inequality on elevation gradient of Elephant Camp Natural Forest was investigated. Eight (30m x 30m) plots were systematically demarcated on 1km line transects in each identified elevation (Hilltop and Valley-Bottom stands). Trees diameter-at-breast height (dbh) were enumerated and identified to species level. Tree dbh was measured and density estimated. Tree species diversity (Shannon-Weiner, Simpson and Margalef indices) and size inequality (Gini coefficient, skewness and Coefficient of variation) were computed. Stem volume and biomass were computed and converted to biomass carbon. Data collected were analysed using descriptive, correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Tree density varied from 435/ha to 767/ha. There was positive correlation between Skewness and Gini coefficient in Hilltop stand and negative correlation between Skewness and Simpson index in Valley-Bottom stand. The measures of tree size inequality and species diversity were strongly associated with each other in Valley-Bottom stand and not in Hilltop stand. Structural diversity and species diversity determined the competitive interaction among tree communities in Hilltop and Valley-Bottom stands, respectively.
Extractant Nature on the Performance of Moringa oleifera as a Natural
Coagulant for Surface Water Treatment
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 3Medeba Uzzi, Meresa RamrattanThe unavailability of potable water in rural communities of poor countries continues to drive investigations into the use of natural coagulants for purification of surface water. The Moringa oleifera plant has been the subject of many water purification studies worldwide. This study conducted in the South American country of Guyana aims to compare the effectiveness on water clarification of four Moringa oleifera coagulants (MOC). A 2x2x3 factorial design utilizing 2 solvents (polar and non-polar) to defat seeds, 2 solvents to extract active coagulant agent (1M NaCl and distilled water) and 3 dosages of coagulant were employed. Findings revealed that turbidity removal efficiency was not affected by the nature of the defatting solvent. Greatest turbidity removal percentages were observed in samples treated with NaCl-extracted coagulants and those receiving the highest dosages of coagulants. One outlier was the ethanol-defatted seed coagulant extracted with distilled water. Water samples treated with this coagulant had a mean turbidity of 2.5 NTU; this represented an 80% reduction in turbidity and fell within the acceptable range for potable water as outlined by the World Health Organization. There seems to be potential for the use MOC to treat surface water in poor rural communities of Guyana. Future work should investigate the use of lower salt concentrations, lower dosages and longer stirring and settling times.
Comparison of the Effects of Different Drying Chemicals and Temperatures
on Onion (Allium cepa L.) Seed Vigour
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 2Burcu Begüm Kenanoğlu, Zahra MonemizadehDesiccant is a hygroscopic chemical that dries the surface of the seed. Silica is the most often used desiccant, and others include activated charcoal, bentonite, and zeolite. In addition, the relative humidity and temperature given to the environment by saturated salt solutions (NaCl, Silica gel, CaCl2, NaOH, MgCl2, KNO3) used in controlled conditions during seed drying have different effects on this process. The aim of this study was to understand the change in viability with the drying of the seed and the quality change with the dehumidification process applied at room conditions. In this context, accelerated aging, controlled deterioration, and EC tests were carried out. The maximum germination rate was attained in the control group, and the results of the controlled deterioration and accelerated aging tests were significant for the Tan8 variety, but not for the Güntan variety. After aging and deteriorating for a while, seed germination decreased, especially in the Tan8 variety. According to the results, the Tan8 variety was significantly affected by the temperature and the type of the desiccant. In general, the drying media with MgCl2 resulted in an earlier mean germination time for the controlled deterioration test after humidification. When the seedling emergence performance was evaluated, drying the seeds of the Tan8 variety more rapidly with MgCl2 negatively affected the results. For both varieties, the humidification group's longest root length was measured after drying with silica gel.
Effect of Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies and Practices on Soil
Fertility and Millet Yield in Fakara, Niger
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 2D. D. N. I. Abdoul Aziz, Larwanou M.In Fakara, soils have shown their limitations in supporting crop development, and promising climate-smart agriculture technologies and practices are poorly adopted. The present study aims to investigate the effects of these technologies and practices on soil fertility and millet yield. Randomized complete block designs with three replications and Fisher block designs were set up in half-moons and zaïs, and in farmers' fields, respectively. Soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-20 cm for analysis of soil physicochemical parameters. In terms of yield components and physicochemical characteristics of the soils, the treatments showed significant differences (P
Plant Families Potentially Visited by the Honey Bees (Apis spp. and
Trigona spp.) at Universitas Brawijaya Campus Area and Sawojajar
Residential Area of Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 2Jati Batoro, Anang Lastriyanto, Muchammad Junus, Firman Jaya, Yacobos Lamerkabel, Ervan, Dewi Masyithoh, UstadiIndonesia is known as a megadiverse country with great potential in products of plant organs such as pollen, so that it can support the world-scale honey bee industry. Honey contains antioxidants, so it can improve skin rejuvenation, beauty, and it also is a source of minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, fructose. This study was conducted based on direct observation of flower plant specimens that were in bloom, making notes on the types of bees, plant organs visited by bees to collect honey, pollen, fruit, and resin. The taxon of flower plants, flowering season, time of visit, and taking nectar by honey bees, were then identified. The next step was to observe the flower structure (pollen-filled anthers) under a binocular and then it was photographed. In collecting data in the community, direct interviews were carried out to obtain additional information on local knowledge about bees. This study aimed to uncover, characterize and analyze the family, types of flower plants, related to honeybee feed in the form of pollen and nectar. From the research results, the types of honey bees found were the Apis genera (Apis dorsata, Apis mellifera, Apis cerana) and the stingless bee (Trigona sp.). The shape and size of pollen varied in each family, even in one type of plant in the same flower might have two pollen morphology. The diversity of green campuses, school environments, tourist attractions, housing, even urban areas, urban forests has the potential to develop urban honeybee production. Meanwhile, the diversity of plant species visited by honey bees to collect pollen, nectar, and resin includes 43 families. Various flower plants family which grows in campus area, residential area, and urban forests, has the potential to provide honey bee food.
Carbon Sequestration in Agroforestry as a Strategy for Climate Change
Mitigation in Kilombero Cluster of SAGCOT
- Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Volume 12, Number 1Lazaro E. Nnko, Japhet J. Kashaigili, Gerald C. Monela, Nyemo A. Chilagane, Paulo J. Lyimo, Pantaleo K. T. MunishiAgroforestry has been recognized as a potential greenhouse gas mitigation strategy under the Kyoto Protocol due to its potential for carbon sequestration. Our knowledge in this topic from tropical countries such as Tanzania is, however, limited. To improve understanding, a study was conducted in the Kilombero district, where the local communities are involved in agroforestry systems and practices. 90 agroforestry farm lands were encountered with different systems and practices. Tree height was measured using a Suunto hypsometer and tree diameter was measured using measuring calipers. Pivot table through Microsoft Excel were used for analysis, and allometric models were used for converting the tree measurements in to tree biomass. The results indicated that Mangifera indica contributed the highest carbon sequestration of all the tree species encountered during the ecological survey, with 70.57 Mg C ha-1. Agroforestry systems identified were Agrosilviculture with 55.7 Mg C ha-1, Agrosilvopasture with 115.3 Mg C ha-1 and Silvopasture with 81.5 Mg C ha-1. Home garden agroforestry practices were 185.79 Mg C ha-1, Mixed intercropping 17.79 Mg C ha-1, Parkland 26.75 Mg C ha-1, and Boundary 23.22 Mg C ha-1. This study concludes that Agrosilvopasture systems and home garden practices have more potential to sequester carbon than the rest of the systems and practices. The study recommends investment in agro-silvopasture systems and home garden practices to mitigate the effects of climate change.

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