 Subjects -> AERONAUTICS AND SPACE FLIGHT (Total: 124 journals)
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- Form-finding using the Force Density Method: Existence of solutions,
singularities, and an analogy to electric circuits-
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Authors: Andrés F Guerra Riaño, Péter L Várkonyi
Pages: 302 - 326
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Volume 38, Issue 4, Page 302-326, December 2023.
The Force Density Method is the oldest computational method for form-finding of funicular structures. The method is based on solving a linear system of equilibrium equations. Linearity ensures existence and uniqueness of the solution, provided that the coefficient matrix is non-singular. In the opposite case, the method often fails to deliver a feasible solution. In this study, we highlight a mathematical analogy between force density networks and electric circuits. Motivated by standard reduction steps in networks of electric resistors, inductors, or capacitors, we develop a new sequential reduction technique applicable to networks of force density elements. Network reduction enables analytic detection of singularity in many cases. Several examples illustrate the feasibility of the proposed singularity test, furthermore the role of singularities in classification of emergent structural forms is discussed.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-11-20T09:41:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231207042
Issue No: Vol. 38, No. 4 (2023)
- The development and engineering practice of building cable structures in
China-
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Authors: Zhihua Chen
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
This paper introduces the development process of building cable structures in China over the past 70 years according to three stages: the initial, slow, and rapid development. It also summarizes the types of cable components and joints of building cable structures. The structural characteristics and representative projects of suspension, cable membrane, beam string (cable-supported), and cable dome structures are reviewed in this paper. Finally, the achievements and prospects of cable structures in China are discussed.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-11-27T11:53:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231211015
- The hyperbolic paraboloid roof of the Teatro Regio in Turin by Felice
Bertone-
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Authors: Julian Martino Ricordi, Francesco Romeo
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
The historical analysis of the structural features of Carlo Mollino’s Teatro Regio, built in Turin in the early 70s, gives evidence of peculiar technical and expressive solutions worth being studied. In addition to the well-known “special structures,” conceived by Sergio Musmeci, Teatro Regio includes a magnificent example of reinforced concrete doubly curved shell used for the lyric hall’s large-span roof. The roof was designed and built by Felice Bertone, an Italian engineer who devoted his activity to daring reinforced concrete design. In this study, the original theatre configuration is redrawn, modeled, and discussed based on archival documentation. This unique hypar thin shell concrete roof is thoroughly described focusing on its intertwined geometric and static features. Bertone’s roofing parametric modeling is eventually presented including a critical interpretation of its structural behavior carried out through qualitative and quantitative analysis. The Teatro Regio architecture with its innovative forms and structural solutions represents an outstanding example of Modern Heritage Architecture.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-11-17T07:10:11Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231207038
- Theoretical analysis and model manufacturing of innovative mortise and
tenon hollow spherical joint-
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Authors: Jinchao Gu, Wenfeng Du, Pengshan Tang, Boqing Gao, Shilin Dong, Mijia Yang
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
One of the main challenges for free-form surface reticulated shell structure recently is the development of a new joint that is able to implement complex-shaped curvature and fulfill the required loading capacity, whilst also meeting various important requirements such as convenient on-site assembly and suitability for connecting members with various cross-sectional forms. This article draws inspiration from the construction idea of Chinese traditional mortise and tenon structure and proposes a new type of mortise and tenon hollow spherical joint. To investigate the joint’s mechanical performance, the detailed numerical models of 29 mortise and tenon hollow spherical joints with different size parameters are established by SolidWorks and Ansys, and the effects of the hollow spherical wall thickness, tooth width, tooth spacing, tooth height and tenon face width on the joint bearing performance are analyzed. The joint failure modes under bending limit states are discussed, and the calculation formulas for the initial and elastic-plastic stage rotational stiffness are derived. The results show that the joint initial rotational stiffness is increased by 34.45%, 4.69%, 4.29%, and 3.25%, respectively, after the parameter optimization analysis of the hollow spherical wall thickness, tooth width, tooth spacing and tenon face width. The mortise and tenon hollow spherical joint has good mechanical performance, and possesses the advantages of simple and beautiful appearance, fast construction speed and high positioning accuracy. Finally, a reduced-scale model of the mortise and tenon hollow spherical joint is manufactured using 3D printing technology to visually showcase its external feature and validate its assembly characteristic.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-11-08T06:40:10Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231208950
- A vector encoding for topology finding of structured quad-based patterns
for surface structures-
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Authors: R Oval, R Mesnil, T Van Mele, P Block, O Baverel
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
Topology-optimisation strategies for structural design of discrete surface structures result in unstructured patterns that require post-rationalisation to limit the number and complexity of the various structural elements. Fabrication-related objectives still demand further processing. Designers need topology exploration, before topology optimisation, following a generative-design approach that is decoupled from density tuning and shape design, to produce high-quality patterns. Such an approach allows to flexibly embed multiple design constraints, benefit from state-of-the-art form-finding algorithms and explore design trade-offs of the multiple requirements related to architecture, engineering and construction. This research investigates a parameterisation strategy to encode topological exploration of structured patterns based on quad meshes. The focus is set on singular vertices, which connect an irregular number of blocks, cables, or beams. Singularities are independent from pattern density and geometry, and have a fundamental influence on the qualitative and quantitative performance of the structure. We introduce an L-system encoding a quad-mesh grammar into a string that describes topological transformations of these singularities. Design applications to a net and a gridshell demonstrate the influence of singularities on the design of surface structures, and highlight the flexibility and generality of the approach in terms of geometrical processing and performance metrics. Beyond exploration, this parameterisation strategy opens to novel applications of search and optimisation methods for generative design of singularities in structural patterns.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-11-08T06:36:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231207650
- Symmetry and the design of self-stressed structures
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Authors: Cameron Millar, Bernd Schulze, Arek Mazurek, William F Baker
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
The symmetry adapted counting rule for mechanisms and states of self-stress in symmetric frameworks is presented in an accessible and intuitive manner with the aim of empowering engineers who design such structures. By simply counting nodes and bars, it is possible to detect states of self-stress and mechanisms beyond the standard Maxwell-Calladine count. This methodology is first introduced without the need to understand the underlying group theory before being applied to a range of example frameworks. Design problems focusing on gridshells are discussed – it is noted that placing bars on lines of mirror symmetry tend to increase the number of states of self-stress in a framework, which can be desirable. This paper reformulates common symmetric frameworks and introduces simple rules regarding how to obtain a greater number of states of self-stress. By allowing for the design of states of self-stress, the forces in the structure can be designed with greater control.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-10-28T11:42:26Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231193724
- Designing deformable Girehs based on historical authenticity
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Authors: Aref Azizpour Shoubi, Farnaz Nazarzadeh Ansaroudi, Elnaz Nazarzadeh Ansaroudi, Najmeh Faghih Dinevari
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
Girehs are an important esthetic tool in Islamic architecture. The introduction of deformable Girehs can be considered as a significant solution in the areas of flexibility and authenticity in contemporary architecture. By investigating the configurations of different Girehs based on their configurational authenticity, the present study presents a method to make the studied Girehs deformable. The presented methodology can be generalized for all types of Girehs. The deployment of Girehs in a constant perimeter and the generation of new authentic Gireh with deformable configuration are among the main features of the proposed method. The method is based on the PIC methodology, which uses the change in the angle of the Gireh elements in underlying generative tessellation based on the family of the Gireh (acute, median, obtuse). The fixed points of the deformable Girehs are positioned in the midpoints of the sides of the underlying polygons. Also, to address the issue of the increased lengths of the elements and integrated movement, telescope elements and scissor structure have been used.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-08-03T05:35:07Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231188844
- Aluminium nodes for timber gridshells: Parametric detailing of node
principles-
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Authors: Steinar Hillersøy Dyvik, Sverre Magnus Haakonsen, Marcin Luczkowski, Yosuke Komiyama
Abstract: International Journal of Space Structures, Ahead of Print.
Gridshell nodes are key elements regarding structural performance, visual appearance and assembly of any gridshell that have been given little attention in recent research. This paper explores aluminium as a material for timber gridshell nodes. First, existing gridshell nodes are categorised regarding bulk materials, gripper types and connection methods and based on this, a set of novel node principles in aluminium are deducted and proposed for a timber gridshell on the geometry of the British Museum Great Court. A finite element analysis is done on the proposals to increase the understanding of the node principles’ structural behaviour and feasibility. Together, the set of node principles, their evaluation and the utilised procedure can provide new options in the future design of gridshells and gridshell nodes.
Citation: International Journal of Space Structures
PubDate: 2023-07-05T06:33:56Z
DOI: 10.1177/09560599231180155
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