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Abstract: Trees grown in an urban environment are typically from a selected list of suitable species due to their appearance and other factors. A popular oak species in recent decades has been the Nuttall oak (Quercus texana). A total of seven Nuttall oaks were scanned using a terrestrial LiDAR scanner and modeled for comparison to manual measurements. These trees were then destructively sampled in place to measure their above-ground biomass. The biomass data were compiled and statistically compared against digital models of each tree that were created from the LiDAR scans. This resulted in a Pearson coefficient of .977 and linear regression R2 value of .99 for the LiDAR derived measurements predictive ability in comparison to the manually derived measurements. This indicates an ability of this ground based LiDAR model to predict both the linear dimensions and volumetrics of the standing specimens without the need for such labor intensive and expensive sampling given the sensitivity and value of urban forests. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 0-0 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.302092 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Abstract: Mobility and access to social, economic, and cultural opportunities are facilitated by the availability of practical location data. Practical location data are scarce in Ghana and most of Sub-Sahara Africa where cities are typically characterized by informal settlements and a lack of standard address system. The problem is compounded by limited use of indigenous languages for travel services even though the majority of the population lacks familiarity with English. This study attempts to address these issues by developing a mobile app which takes advantage of local location data integrated into OpenStreetMap through Mapbox to provide location and travel planning services in English and indigenous Akan language The developed mobile app called ‘myTroski’ provides key capabilities to describe landmark information, find nearby landmarks, search and find, travel routing and planning, GPS assisted map use, and text and audio assisted navigation. The study shows the formalizing and modernizing location data from paratransit Trotro service and landmarks to mainstream local address systems. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 0-0 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298299 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Martinez; Adriana Elizabeth Pages: 1 - 15 Abstract: In the summers of 2010, 2013 and 2014, Eagle Pass, Texas along the U.S.-Mexico border experienced three large flood events that inundated the border fence along the Rio Grande floodplain. The initial construction of the border fence is thought to have impacted lower socio-economic residents given its location and exacerbated flooding along the Rio Grande. I examine inundation using Nays2DFlood to model flooding extents in fence and non-fence conditions Results are then subtracted from each other to determine the impact of the border fence. I found that water depths do not differ between fence and non-fence conditions, but the fence plays a significant role in decreasing water velocities at the fence line and increasing water velocities at fence gaps and flood margins. Given on-the-ground observations by residents during flood events, this decrease in velocity can pick up debris and trap it against the fence, prolonging flood inundation times and thus delaying flood recessional flows. In addition, these conditions may lead to dangerous water velocity conditions near populated areas. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-15 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298306 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:S; Sharmiladevi, S, Siva Sathya, Nangi, Ramesh Pages: 1 - 18 Abstract: With the recent advances in IoT and other smart devices, an explosive amount of data, both spatially and temporally significant are generated. Discovering interesting or useful patterns from these spatiotemporal data is referred to as spatiotemporal data mining. These patterns could be unordered, totally ordered or partially ordered based on the temporal ordering. This work focusses on the totally ordered patterns or sequential patterns from spatiotemporal event database. Spatiotemporal event sequence miner finds sequence of events that overlaps spatially and temporally. Traditional approaches discover patterns that are frequent in the entire dataset. In this work a clustering-assisted approach to find regionally or locally frequent spatiotemporal pattern is proposed. The proposed Clustering assisted Regional Spatiotemporal Event Sequence (CReST) mining approach overcomes the bias caused by uneven distribution of spatiotemporal events while mining patterns. Chicago crime dataset is used for evaluating the proposed approach with traditional sequence mining algorithm. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-18 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298300 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Hoang; Anh-huy, Nguyen, Tien-thanh Pages: 1 - 15 Abstract: An outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS CoV 2 has profoundly affected the world. This study aimed to identify the spatio-temporal clustering of COVID-19 patterns using spatial statistics. Local Moran’s I spatial statistic and Moran scatterplot were first used to identify high-high and low-low clusters and low-high and high-low outliers of COVID-19 cases. Getis-Ord’s〖 G〗_i^* statistic was then applied to detect hotspots and coldspots. We finally illustrated the used method by using a dataset of 10,742 locally transmitted cases in four COVID-19 waves in 63 prefecture-level cities/provinces in Vietnam. The results showed that significant low-high spatial outliers of COVID-19 cases were first detected in the north-eastern region in the first wave and in the central region in the second wave. Whereas, spatial clustering of high-high, low-high and high-low was mainly found in the north-eastern region in the last two waves. It can be concluded that spatial statistics are of great help in understanding the spatial clustering of COVID-19 patterns. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-15 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.297517 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Konti; Christina, Vatalis, Konstantinos I. Pages: 1 - 22 Abstract: Region of Epirus located in NW Greece, is an area, that many landslides are recorded every year and earthquakes had impact in the infrastructures and human’s life in the past. In order to assess the seismic and the landslide risk, a susceptibility map was created and validated based on the landslide recordings, using the Rock Engineering System (RES) method, buffer zones were also created for each fault that was selected and calculations using empirical mathematical formulas were used to examine the potential as well as the maximum and the average ground displacement and finally a geodatabase was developed. The landslide susceptibility map and buffer zones were examined in relation to the proximity of the settlements, the road network and the cultural monuments of the area and many useful conclusions were exported, as an initial effort of recording the built environment that could potentially be vulnerable and affected. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-22 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298302 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Hess; Gregory S., Zhang, Charlie H. Pages: 1 - 15 Abstract: Using data obtained from the Louisville Metro Emergency Medical Services, this article examined the spatial and temporal patterns of opioid overdoses in Louisville, Kentucky. We aggregated opioid overdoses to street segments and applied the optimized hot spot analysis to identify areas with significant high overdose rates. Multiple spatial regression models were used to explore the ecological risk factors potentially associated with the spatial variations of the epidemic. The results suggest an overall clustered pattern of opioid overdoses with all overdose incidents concentrated in less than 8% of all the street segments. The consecutive hot spots largely overlapped with the most disadvantaged inner-city neighborhoods in Louisville. Regression results provided statistical evidence regarding the effects of socioeconomic correlates including uninsured, vacancy rates, and criminal activity. The spatial discrepancy between the overdose hot spots and lack of medical facilities or hospitals in the disadvantaged neighborhoods points to the critical issue of health inequity. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-15 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298303 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Albert; Donald P., Adu-Prah, Samuel Pages: 1 - 6 Abstract: This commentary reviews four case studies involving questionable research and publication tactics in academia. Warnings and possible solutions are proposed for each ethical infraction. The editors encourage full disclosure when preparing resume and submitting tenure, promotion, and merit materials. For co-authored articles, explain one's exact contribution and provide letters of collaboration from co-authors. Be wary of departmental politics, and provide copious documentation to support claims of scholarships. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-6 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298304 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Yawson; David O. Pages: 1 - 17 Abstract: This study applied a supervised machine learning classification and intensity analysis of Landsat imageries to examine the spatio-temporal dynamics of woody vegetation cover in Barbados for two-time intervals: 2001-2015 and 2015-2019. The results show a larger persistence and concentration of woody vegetation in the East Coast (the Scotland District) of Barbados. Woody vegetation cover declined by approximately 11 km2 from 2001 to 2015, and 1.5 km2 from 2015 to 2019. Intensity analysis showed that total observed change in the landscape was slow in the first time interval but fast in the second. Categorical gain-loss showed a systematic targeting between woody vegetation and other vegetation. Built-up and woody vegetation, however, systematically avoided each other. Woody vegetation remained active in both time intervals but the intensity of change was larger in the second interval. In conclusion, the systematic targeting between woody vegetation and other vegetation (mainly agriculture) provides a focus for management, conservation and spatial expansion of the latter. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-17 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298305 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Meddah; Fatiha Guerroudji, Ayouani, Yousra, Meddah, Ishak H. A. Pages: 1 - 12 Abstract: Today, geovisualization is frequently and effectively used to communicate and present geographic information. Indeed, By using dynamic and interactive tools, geovisualization makes it possible to catalyse the transition from raw data to informative data transmitted to the user via a graphic representation, such as the map or 3D visualization. In this paper we presents an integration system based on a methodological approach dedicated to geovisualization of epidemiological data integrating GIS and anamorphic maps :cartograms. The main objective is to explore raw data, structure it, and translate it into interpretable information. This work is part of an approach to assist in the analysis and exploration of data on tuberculosis in the city of Oran. The objective is to produce epidemiological maps in a form adapted to the perceived reality. This deformation of space is constructed by a mathematical model based on Gastner Newman's algorithm and Bertin's graphic semiology. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-12 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298296 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Ribant; Michael, Chen, Xuwei Pages: 1 - 22 Abstract: This research empirically examines neighborhood change, as measured by change in per capita income, for 335 Chicago neighborhoods and suburbs for the period 1990 to 2019. Its purpose is to examine the factors associated with neighborhood change in a metropolitan region anchored by a shrinking central city. Using Geographically Weighted Regression, this research analyzes the spatially varying impacts of explanatory variables commonly found in the urban resurgence literature such as race, ethnicity, education, and nativity. The results show that the areas experiencing the highest change in per capita income were the northern neighborhoods of Chicago as well certain suburbs on the suburban fringe, Conversely, decline in per capita income occurred in the inner-ring suburbs, particularly those to the south and west of Chicago. The results further show that some minority neighborhoods in Chicago experienced income ascent relative to the rest of the metropolitan area, which challenges the findings of some previous studies and provides insights for community and suburban planners. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-22 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298297 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Tubulingane; Booysen Sabeho, Mwewa, Lameck, Dittmann, Andreas Pages: 1 - 19 Abstract: Spatial analysis of COVID-19 spread is an important tool for public health management, as a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform can support the entire process of infectious disease surveillance, preparedness and response. Consequently, this study applied regression analysis using r software and QGIS mapping to evaluate how COVID-19 infections are impacted by population dynamics, urbanisation, area temperature and tourism activities in Namibia. Study results revealed that, COVID-19 transmission is positively associated with urbanisation and negatively associated with temperature. Area population size is not associated with COVID-19 transmission. To reduce COVID-19 infections in Namibia, efforts need to be directed at minimising social and economic contact activities, particularly in urban areas. The Namibia society is also encouraged to adhere to the recommended COVID-19 public health measures such as social distancing of 1.5 meters apart and wearing of face masks in public spaces. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-19 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298298 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Bachri; Imane, Hakdaoui, Mustapha, Raji, Mohammed, Benbouziane, Abdelmajid, Mhamdi, Hicham Si Pages: 1 - 17 Abstract: Remotely sensed data has become an effective, operative and applicable tool that provide critical support for geological surveys and studies by reducing the costs and increasing the precision. Advances in remote-sensing data analysis methods, like machine learning algorithms, allow for easy and impartial geological mapping. This study aims to carry out a rigorous comparison of the performance of three supervised classification methods: Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbor and maximum likelihood using remote sensing data and additional information in Souk El Had N’Befourna region. The enhancement of remote sensing geological classification by using geomorphometric features, principal component analysis, gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and multispectral data of the Sentinel-2A imagery was highlighted. The Random Forest algorithm showed reliable results and discriminated limestone, dolomite, conglomerate, sandstone and rhyolite, silt and Alluvium, ignimbrite, granodiorite, Lutite, granite, and quartzite. The best overall accuracy (~91%) was achieved by Random Forest algorithm. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-17 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.297524 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Wei; Shutao, Li, Li, Pan, Jiahao, Tu, Wei, Zhou, Xiaolu Pages: 1 - 17 Abstract: Past studies have investigated the association between the built environment and active lifestyle, but the environmental exposure in most of these studies was measured in residential settings with predefined boundaries. In this study, we investigated the relationship between destinations in cities and walking behaviors in national and provincial capital cities in China based on a nationwide smartphone dataset. We identified destinations that were strongly and consistently associated with walking behaviors based on geographic information systems (GIS) spatial analysis. Results from this study suggest that certain components, especially parks, rivers, running tracks, of the built environment were positively associated with walking behaviors. Parks were consistently associated with more frequent walking behaviors while rivers were associated with longer walking trajectories. Findings from this study help better understand to what extent urban destinations influence physical activities and support evidence-based urban planning and health promotion in cities. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-17 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.295864 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Laachrate; Hibatoullah, Fadil, Abdelhamid Pages: 1 - 20 Abstract: Drought is an extreme event that has hit several countries in the world including Morocco. The aim of this research was to assess drought in Morocco with a view to providing information for planning and management of droughts. For this, three drought indices were chosen: Combined Drought Indicator (CDI), Soil Moisture Agricultural Drought Index (SMADI), and Microwave Integrated Drought Index (MIDI). Drought monitor was done during the growing seasons of 2010-2020 using Earth Observation data and cloud computing with the mapping of the drought indices and their inter-comparing via Pearson correlation. The main drought events were tracked and drought characteristics analyzed. Seven drought years were tracked for regions of cereal production. CDI and MIDI were very well correlated, whereas SMADI showed poor correlation with CDI and MIDI. Validation of results was done by comparing our results with another study for the 2015-2016 drought event and comparing yearly precipitation with the long-term average. An Earth Engine App of the three indices was published to make public drought maps. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-20 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298260 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Kalaivani S; , Sarveswaran S, , Rajeswary K, Pages: 1 - 10 Abstract: The spatial variations affecting oral health can be determined by using the evolving technology, Geographical Information System (GIS). The present article aims to review various GIS applications in dental public health and to critically examine the strengths, limitations and challenges of utilising GIS in dental public health. GIS has helped in many areas like spatial patterning of dental services, effects of interventions and contextual level influences on oral health. Still, there are few limitations with GIS like limited availability of spatial data, highly dependent on the amount and quality of data for different regions, wide variation of GIS software applications, cost of software, hardware and training. The strategic opportunities for its use should be maximized for the mutual benefit of researchers, practitioners, decision makers, and our communities. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-10 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298295 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Fichtel; Pearl Sika, Duram, Leslie A. Pages: 1 - 18 Abstract: This study examined the role of community members and government officials in sustainable solid waste management and identified options to improve waste management in Ghana. Mixed-methods approach was used in research design, data collection, and analysis. Data was collected from 81 community members drawn from three areas (Kanda, Asylum Down, and Nima) in the Accra Metropolitan Area, and four government officials. Data sets were analyzed using manual transcription, coding and Microsoft excel. The study revealed that communities are actively involved in managing waste. However, education and enforcement measures have not been effective due to political interference and a lack of resources. Furthermore, the study found that greater support from local government and stakeholders is needed in managing waste. The study recommends educating community members and integrating waste pickers into Ghana’s waste management stream to reduce the costs involved in SSWM and gain social and environmental benefits.. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-18 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.295863 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)
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Authors:Mbuh; Mbongowo Joseph Pages: 1 - 23 Abstract: Drought-associated water shortage a complicated hazard, and extreme weather and climate events have serious impacts on agricultural, ecological, and socio-economic activities in any society. This work focuses on drought analysis using a high-resolution remote sensing and meteorological dataset from MODIS’s NDVI and LST to evaluate the Spatio-temporal distribution drought events and intensities in three physiographic regions of the USA from 2000–2019. Results were compared with other remote-sensing-based drought indices, such as the temperature condition index (TCI), Vegetation Health index (VHI), and it was observed that the VCI and VHI, which was a combination of vegetation and meteorological information, had a strong correlation with precipitation data than the NDVI-derived VCI. The results demonstrated the severity of vegetation stress and extreme droughts in 2000, 2006, 2011, and 2012. The long-term agricultural drought situation and compared with other drought indices, reveals a good agreement as to the TCI, VHI, and precipitation anomalies also decreased significantly. Keywords: Environmental Science and Technologies; Environment & Agriculture; Geoinformatics Citation: International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), Volume: 13, Issue: 1 (2022) Pages: 1-23 PubDate: 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.298301 Issue No:Vol. 13, No. 1 (2022)