 Subjects -> CONSERVATION (Total: 128 journals)
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- Utilization of Pinus kesiya and Schima wallichii Biomass-Derived Activated
Carbon for Methylene Blue Removal: Adsorption Performance and Mechanistic
Insights-
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Abstract: Abstract Biomass material offers several advantages to synthesize activated carbon because of its economic viability, renewability, availability, and unique physicochemical properties. This piece of work reports activated carbon prepared from biomass of Pinus kesiya and Schima wallichii via ZnCl2 activation for potential application to remove methylene blue from water. The optimum adsorption parameters—pH, adsorbent dose, and agitation speed—were obtained using Taguchi design of experiment. Experimental equilibrium data of adsorption of methylene blue onto the adsorbents fitted well with Langmuir isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 116.28 mg g−1 and 95.24 mg g−1 for Pinus kesiya activated carbon and Schima wallichii activated carbon respectively. The kinetic experimental data followed a pseudo-second-order equation for both the adsorbents. The potential rate-controlling step in the adsorption of methylene blue onto the adsorbents was predominantly intraparticle diffusion with two stages of adsorption for Pinus kesiya activated carbon and three stages of adsorption for Schima wallichii activated carbon. Density functional study investigation suggested that methylene blue adsorption onto activated carbon is predominantly chemisorption, and the presence of a carboxylic acid functional group on the activated carbon surface has a higher methylene blue adsorption affinity with an adsorption energy of −171.85 kJ mol−1 compared to —CHO and —OH functionalized carbon, pristine activated carbon models. Our work indicates that activated carbon derived from Pinus kesiya and Schima wallichii biomass could be an efficient adsorbent to remove methylene blue from water.
PubDate: 2023-09-15
- Evaluating The Effect of Initial Soil Moisture Content on Infiltration
Characteristics Using Empirical and Hydrus 1D Models-
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Abstract: Abstract In irrigation water management, it is critical to understand the infiltration rate and its properties. The study aimed to evaluate the ability of some empirical equations and Hydrus 1D models to predict soil infiltration and the effect of initial soil moisture content on infiltration characteristics. The experiment was conducted on Arba Minch demonstration farmland using a double-ring infiltrometer, and the performance of the various infiltration models (Horton, Philip, Kostiakov, and modified Kostiakov) and Hydrus 1D was evaluated in the study area at five different initial water contents. The results showed that the Horton and Hydrus 1D models were fitted with the observed infiltration for the soil with five initial water contents (0.13, 0.256, 0.31, 0.354, and 0.375), and the goodness of fits was evaluated by R2 and RMSE with a range between 0.9967–0.997, 0.93–0.94, and 0.0054–0.006 and 0.024, respectively. Hence, Horton and Hydrus 1D models were successfully used to evaluate the cumulative infiltration of soil in the study area. Therefore, in this study, the Hydrus 1D model well captured the infiltration rates at different initial soil moisture contents.
PubDate: 2023-09-12
- GIS-Based MCDA Model to Map Soil Erosion Hotspot Area in Case Study of
Temi Watershed in Hulet Ejju Enesie Woreda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia-
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Abstract: Abstract The development of Ethiopia is greatly affected by soil erosion and land degradation, which are exacerbated by the rugged and steep slopes in the region. To address this issue, the GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model was utilized to map the erosion hotspots in the Temi watershed. The model took into account various factors such as land use, soil type, topographic wetness index, potential gully locations, and stream power index. The weighted overlay tool of the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst Toolbox was employed to generate the soil erosion hotspot map, which was weighted using pairwise comparisons of the aforementioned factors. The results showed that 12.17% of the watershed was extremely sensitive to soil erosion, 65.7% was moderately sensitive, and 22.13% was slightly sensitive. The validation and field observations revealed that MCDA outperformed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in terms of accuracy. The study also highlighted that while the overall soil erosion risk in the Temi watershed was moderate, the cultivated bottomlands were particularly vulnerable. The findings of this study can serve as a crucial resource for decision-makers in identifying vulnerable lands and implementing biophysically appropriate management practices for the Ethiopian highlands within the Temi watershed.
PubDate: 2023-09-12
- Evaluating Performance of Community-based Irrigation Schemes Using
Remote-sensing Technologies to Enhance Sustainable Irrigation Water
Management-
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Abstract: Abstract An accurate estimate of the amount of water used in an irrigation scheme is vital to conserve water resources, although a reliable scheme-level estimate is difficult. The study used remote-sensing technologies to assess the Koga irrigation scheme’s performance in the Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia. Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) and Landsat 8 images were used to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa). Additionally, the FAO-Penman-Monteith method was applied to estimate the crop’s evapotranspiration (ETc) and used as a crop water need in assessing performance parameters. The result shows that seasonal relative irrigation supply (RIS) was 6 to 77% higher than the demand. Depletion fraction (DF) varied from 0.4 to 0.5, while relative evapotranspiration deficit values ranged from 0.3 to 0.6, and the crop water use estimate was only about 50% of its need. The lower crop water use is attributed to the excessive application of water for plowing, pre-plant irrigation, and during the early stage of the crop. While the amount of water applied at the mid and late-season stages is less than the crop water need due to water mismanagement because of a lack of coordination among the water users. The study concludes that the use of remote sensing created a good potential to evaluate community-managed scheme irrigation performance. Performing under potential is an implication of low irrigation water productivity that affects environmental sustainability. Therefore, re-thinking better water management ways in community-managed schemes can help to improve water productivity and food security in the changing environment.
PubDate: 2023-09-11
- Mechanistic Interaction of Microbe in Dye Degradation and the Role of
Inherently Modified Organisms: a Review-
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Abstract: Abstract Dyes color various materials, including leather, paper, cosmetics, and textiles. Wastewater contains different dyes that have negative impacts on humans and the environment. Dye-containing wastewater has been treated using several well-known procedures, including physicochemical and biological degradation. Interestingly, the breakdown of industrial dyes by fungus, yeast, and algae is considered an innovative treatment technology to control chemicals and secondary water pollution. The present review discusses the degradation of industrial dyes using a microbial community with a special focus on the microbial degradation mechanism of dye molecules. The influences of different parameters (e.g., pH, temperature, concentrations of dyes, soluble salts, the effects of CO2 and nitrogen, and dye structure) have been discussed to achieve optimal dye degradation potential of microbes. In addition, the role of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the utilization of various enzymes in dyes biodegradation are also highlighted along with prospects. This review also critically sketches the most recent advancements and advanced bioreactors for dye degradation. It is anticipated that the treatment of industrial dyes using microbial community is an advanced technology to establish a pollution-free natural environment and successfully achieve one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs).
PubDate: 2023-09-06
- The Removal of Fluoride from the Water Using Epipremnum aureum (Money
Plant)-
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Abstract: Fluoride showed beneficial effects in the standard limit, but the high consumption of fluoride may lead to health issues in humans such as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. That is why many strategies for the removal of fluoride are in use for the time being, but the herbal-based approaches are more reliable in term of environmental safety and toxicity. The present work utilized the Epipremnum aureum (money plant) as an effective remedial tool for fluoride from water. The method involved drying and crushing money plant leaves followed by the removal of inherited color using repeated washing by 1% formaldehyde. The main characterization technique used XRD, FTIR, and SEM analysis, and the effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature were analyzed for the optimizing condition for adsorption. Under optimized conditions, it showed about 88% removal of fluoride from an aqueous medium. The data were well fitted for adsorption isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models of adsorption and showed the Langmuir adsorption capacity of 0.95 mg/g. These results showed that the money plant’s dry leaf powder (MLDP) is a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from an aqueous medium. Graphical 
PubDate: 2023-09-06
- Groundwater Risk Assessment in Imo River Basin of Southeastern Nigeria
Using GIS-Based DRASTIC and GOD-
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Abstract: Abstract The goal of the current study is to evaluate the two methods’ capability for evaluating aquifer vulnerability in the study area by contrasting them. In contrast to the DRASTIC model, which assesses aquifer vulnerability using seven hydrogeological parameters, the GOD model estimates groundwater vulnerability across large regions based on just three parameters, including groundwater confinement, overlying strata, and depth to groundwater (depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity). These index approaches used a variety of meteorological, geological, and hydrogeological observations to gather their data. The GOD and DRASTIC indices were computed using a sieve analysis to assess the hydraulic conductivity of the various strata covering the aquifers. The study’s findings showed that the DRASTIC Index (DI) has a range of 76 to 192 with a mean value of 140.8. The Benin Formation has a mean DI of 162, which indicates high susceptibility, whereas the Ajali and Ameki Formations were determined to have average moderate vulnerabilities with DI values of 101 and 139, respectively. The Imo Shale, Ogwashi, and Nsukka Formations were calculated to have mean DI values of 76, 77, and 85, respectively, indicating modest aquifer vulnerability. The GOD Index across the study area ranged from 0.1 to 0.504 with a mean value of 0.328; it was also discovered. The mean GOD Index for the Benin Formation is 0.504, indicating high susceptibility, while the GOD Index values for the Ajali and Ameki Formations were assessed to be 0.105 and 0.112, respectively, indicating low vulnerability. Low vulnerability was identified for the Imo Shale, Nsukka, and Ogwashi Formations, with GOD Index values of 0.15, 0.125, and 0.1, respectively. Due to its shallow aquifer depth and loose, uncompacted character, our data suggest that the Benin Formation has the highest vulnerability levels.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Meteorological Drought Indices over India
During 1958–2017-
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Abstract: Abstract Rainfall plays a very vital role and its deficit causes a huge impact on the environment. Understanding the pattern of rainfall and drought trends has become increasingly crucial in many regions due to climate change. In this study, using the rainfall data from 1958 to 2017 for thirty-four meteorological subdivisions of India, trend analysis is performed for annual and seasonal rainfall. Along with the rainfall trend analysis, the study is also performed for meteorological drought indices, i.e., Effective Drought Index (EDI), Standardized Precipitation Index-9 (SPI-9), and Standardized Precipitation Index-12 (SPI-12). The results obtained from the Mann–Kendall test show that the rainfall patterns in the area under investigation are changing over time. As evidenced by the decrease in rainfall, the study region has been experiencing a lack of water supply in numerous subdivisions. The drought frequency for the meteorological drought indices has also been investigated, and it has been observed that the region is experiencing drought from extremely dry conditions to normal dry conditions. The findings in this study will help us to better comprehend the changes in rainfall and drought severity over the study region. This study may also benefit effective disaster management and preparedness strategies for this catastrophe, which is wreaking havoc on the environment.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
- Correction to: Investigation of Pumpkin Seed as a Potential Coagulant for
Drinking Water Treatment-
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PubDate: 2023-08-25
- Combined Coagulation-Electrocoagulation Treatment of Urban, Peri-urban,
and Textile Wastewaters: Process Evaluation and Sludge Setting
Characteristics-
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Abstract: Abstract Water is a crucial component in the multifaceted fight against climate change, which is causing the environmental discharge standards to be much more stringent. This research work explored the potential of the electrocoagulation process by combining it with the traditional chemical coagulation process to find the efficacy of this combined treatment for pollutant removal. The effect of different operational parameters like reaction time of electrolysis, applied electrical potential, and concentration of chemical coagulant was studied with respect to removal efficiency and electrode consumption for urban, peri-urban, and textile wastewaters. Moreover, sludge settling characteristics and filterability studies were also studied along with major environmental impact indicators of this process. The results indicated that the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and total suspended solids (TSS) were increased for all three kinds of wastewater samples with applied electrical potential and coagulant dose. The maximum removal efficiencies of BOD5, COD, and TSS for urban wastewater treatment with combined electrochemical process (ECC) were 96.9%, 94.4%, and 94.1%; for peri-urban wastewater were 96.2%, 92%, and 93.3%; and for textile wastewater were 96.3%, 96%, and 95.7%, respectively. Reaction time of the electrolysis process was most significant for the first half an hour of the electrocoagulation process. Furthermore, sludge volume index (SVI) of 58.5, 60, and 67 mL/g for urban, peri-urban, and textile wastewaters showed excellent setting characteristics in conjunction with impressive filterability.
PubDate: 2023-08-25
- Ecotope-Based Diversity Monitoring of Wetland Using Infused Machine
Learning Technique-
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Abstract: Abstract Monitoring of ecotope-based diversity in inaccessible wetlands at a spatio-temporal scale is facilitated by remote sensing and GIS technique, cost-effectively. This study pertains to the characterization and change detection of ecotopes for Harike wetland (Ramsar site) of India using Machine Learning (ML) tools adopting a Random Forest (RF) classifier upon Surface Reflectance Tier 1 data products of Landsat images (1990–2020) in Google Earth Engine (GEE). The customized algorithms inferred ten distinct ecotopes in the wetland based on unique homogenous hydrological, anthropogenic, and vegetation characteristics. The novelty of this study is that it has been applied to ecotopes mix of land, water, and vegetation communities with complex boundaries of varying sizes, acted upon by anthropogenic factors. The multi-temporal study indicates increased aquatic vegetation and its interchange within the ecotopes, a rise in water pollution, decreased ponded area, and the conversion of wetland to agricultural area over the selected time frame. As evident from satellite data, the wetland receives loads of polluted water, mainly contributed by the river Satluj through Buddha Nala (drain), the main receptor of Ludhiana city’s domestic and industrial sewage. The study signifies regular monitoring of ecotopes on a scientific basis for better preservation and health management of the wetland on a sustainable basis.
PubDate: 2023-08-16
- Irrigation Requirement of Wheat Under Future Climate Change in Northwest
Bangladesh-
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Abstract: Abstract Wheat is an important dry season irrigated crop in the water-scarce Northwest Bangladesh. Knowledge on irrigation requirement of wheat under climate change is crucial for the planning of irrigated agriculture in the region. This study estimated irrigation requirement of wheat for Bogura, Rajshahi, Pabna, and Dinajpur districts for 2050s and 2080s under moderate (RCP4.5) and rapid (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios; RCP indicates representative concentration pathways. The climate scenarios were prepared from the outputs of five global circulation models (GCMs) with a combination of downscaling and bias correction. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo), effective rainfall (ER), potential crop-water requirement (∑ETC), and potential irrigation requirement (∑ETC–ER) were estimated by CropWat model. The ER, ∑ETC, and ∑ETC–ER were also determined for a base period of 1980–2013 for Bogura district to be used for comparison. The results reveal that ETo would increase during the wheat-growing period, with a greater increase during the development and mid-season stages and also under the rapid climate change compared to the moderate climate change scenario. Both the crop-water and irrigation requirement of wheat would increase due to increased ETo despite an increase in ER to some extent. The average irrigation requirement (over the climate models) would be 5.7% and 13.9% higher during 2050s and 2080s, respectively, compared to the base period under moderate climate change. The highest increase (17.5%) in irrigation requirement would be during 2080s under rapid climate change. The results of this study would be useful for local adaptation of irrigated agriculture to climate change.
PubDate: 2023-08-12
- Unlocking the Potential of Adsorption in Distillery Wastewater Treatment:
a Comprehensive Review-
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Abstract: Abstract The world’s top two producers of sugarcane are India and Brazil. After China, India is the second-largest manufacturer of alcoholic beverages. The distillery industry in India produces a huge amount of wastewater that is often released untreated into water bodies. Different distilleries have common pollutants that are being discharged into water bodies including wastewater, chemicals and solvents, cooling water, and agricultural runoff. Water pollution due to distilleries is causing a significant impact on the water’s quality, making it unsafe for human consumption, aquatic life, and other uses and damaging the soil due to inadequately treated and indiscriminately disposed effluents. Heavy metals and organic contaminants have a major influence on the contamination of water bodies. The various adsorbents and their efficiency in distillery wastewater treatment are examined in this comprehensive review. The adsorbents like sugarcane bagasse, zeolites, chitosan, activated carbon, fly ash, and clay minerals are studied for the effective and economical treatment of distillery wastewater by researchers and are reviewed in this paper. The review of the relevant literature shows that the maximum removal efficiencies of organic matter and heavy metals vary between 44 and 99.8% with optimal pH from 2 to 7 and contact time varying from 1 to 24 h. A bibliometric study is also mentioned in this paper to justify the need for the study of distillery wastewater using adsorbents. Sustainable and economic criteria are studied through the life cycle assessment of different adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater. Overall, 78 research papers are reviewed in this paper. It has been shown that naturally occurring adsorbents and adsorbents made from agricultural waste may effectively treat distillery effluent in place of commercial activated carbons. However, it has been determined that there are still some open questions about the optimization and commercialization of suitable adsorbents, as well as the application, regeneration, reuse, and safe disposal of loaded adsorbents. Finally, the potential directions of the contamination biosorption study are presented.
PubDate: 2023-08-09
- Magnetic Iron Oxide Kaolinite Nanocomposite for Effective Removal of Congo
Red Dye: Adsorption, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies-
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Abstract: Abstract Magnetic iron oxide/kaolinite (MK) composite was synthesized using co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDX, TGA, XPS, VSM, and zeta potential analyses. The synthesized composite consisting of kaolinite halloysites with small clusters of iron oxide on its outer surface was used in batch experiments to adsorb Congo red dye at different temperatures. The adsorption data were fitted to three different isotherms with Langmuir adsorption isotherm best fitting the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacity of MK adsorbent was found to be around 45.59 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics data obtained at three different temperatures were fitted to pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, where the latter model was able to better interpret the obtained kinetics data with a pseudo-second-order rate constant of 8.60 × 10−2 g.mg−1.min−1. Further analysis of the kinetic data revealed that the adsorption mechanism could be explained via intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° for the adsorption process were determined with the results revealing the adsorption process to be favorable, endothermic, and physical in nature. Finally, comparison with other adsorbents showed that the synthesized MK composite exhibits significant potential to be used as an adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.
PubDate: 2023-08-03
- Correction to: Potential Removal of Chromium from Tannery Wastewater by
Water Hyacinth Roots-
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PubDate: 2023-07-31
- Jackfruit Leaf–Based Natural Adsorbent for the Efficient Removal of
Auramine O Dye-
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Abstract: Adsorbents synthesized from jackfruit leaves are efficient and economical for the removal of dyes and contributed to waste minimization as well as the reuse and recovery of water. Adsorption characteristics of Auramine O (Basic Yellow 2) dye by jackfruit leaf powder (JLP) were investigated in this study. The study was performed at different impregnation ratios of orthophosphoric acid (JLP/H3PO4 = 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3) and activation temperature (500, 600, and 700 °C) during the synthesis of adsorbent. A batch study was employed to evaluate the effect of various parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, temperature, and contact time. The adsorbent was characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The experimental data were successfully fitted with Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Sips, Redlich-Peterson, and Toth isotherm models. The kinetic models, pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order equations, and Weber and Morris kinetic models were selected to determine the kinetics and rate-determining step during the adsorption process. The activated jackfruit leaf powder (AJLP) was following pseudo-2nd-order kinetics and best fitted in Langmuir isotherm. The BET surface area for the prepared AJLP was observed to be 500.15 m2/g. In addition, AJLP showed a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 79.36 mg/g of Auramine O dye. The present study suggests using AJLP as an eco-friendly adsorbent for Auramine O dye removal up to 99.69%. Overall, the promising results indicate that AJLP could be used as an effective green adsorbent for the removal of Auramine O dye. Our prepared adsorbent has an advantage over other adsorbents based on better specific surface area and higher adsorption capacity. Therefore, this study proved our novelty among all the currently available adsorbents for removing Auramine O dye remarkably. Graphical 
PubDate: 2023-07-29
- Investigation of Pumpkin Seed as a Potential Coagulant for Drinking Water
Treatment-
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Abstract: Abstract Studies pointed out that using synthetic chemical coagulants for water purification presents health and environmental problems. Because of this, there has been considerable interest in utilizing natural coagulants emerging as potential substitutes for them. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate and optimize pumpkin seed as a natural coagulant for water treatment. After preparation and characterization of the coagulant under study, the optimal dose of the coagulant, pH, and effect of stirring speed on coagulation for the removal of turbidity were conducted through a series of jar tests. Response surface methodology was also employed to optimize conditions for treating the water sample using the coagulant to remove its turbidity. Analysis of the result showed that optimal conditions for coagulation were pH 9, coagulant doses 1.01 g/L, and mixing speed 135.76 rpm. Under this optimal condition, the achieved efficacy of turbidity reduction was 87.69%. The qualities of the treated water sample obtained using pumpkin seed as coagulant were temperature 22.3 °C, pH 7.99, turbidity 39.6 NTU, hardness 97.13 mg/L, TDS 110.33 mg/L, TSS 13.46 mg/L, TS 123.79 mg/L, EC 179 μS/cm, BOD 20 mg/L, and COD 26.64 mg/L. Hence, pumpkin seed powder might be presented as a potential natural coagulant to remove turbidity in drinking water treatment process to seek for solutions associated with the problem of synthetic chemical coagulants.
PubDate: 2023-07-26
- Removal of Chromium (VI) and Acid Orange 142 dye from Contaminated
Wastewater using Bio-waste Mycelium of Aspergillus Ustus: Extraction,
Isotherms and Kinetics Studies-
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Abstract: Abstract This work reported the adsorption of Cr (VI) ions and acid orange 142 dye onto dead fungal biomass. The mycelium of Aspergillus ustus (MAU) was successfully cultured, grown, extracted and utilized as an efficient adsorbent. The extensive characterization studies of the as-prepared MAU sample were achieved with the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. Process variables' effects were conducted in the following ranges: pH (3.0–6.0), contact time (0–120 min) and MAU dosage (0.5–5.0 g/L). The FTIR studies revealed that the amino, hydroxyl, and acetamide functional groups on the MAU provided veritable sites for Cr (VI) and AO142 binding. Optimum Cr (VI) uptake was however recorded at 80 min at pH 5.0, while that of AO142 dye was established at 120 min and pH 3.0. The Temkin and pseudo-second-order model aptly described the experimental isotherm and kinetic data. Hence, the MAU was efficient at adsorbing Cr (VI) and AO142 dye from an aqueous solution, but with a higher adsorption capacity for the AO142 molecules.
PubDate: 2023-07-21
- Utilizing Modified Maize Cobs as an Agricultural Waste Adsorbent for
Removing Zinc (II) and Chromium (VI) Ions from Wastewater-
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Abstract: Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of maize cob carbon powder as an adsorbent for the removal of zinc (II) and chromium (VI) ions from industrial effluent. The non-degradable and toxic nature of these metal ions make their removal from wastewater crucial prior to discharge into the environment. Despite the many techniques that have been developed for the removal of heavy metals, many have proven to be inefficient, generate sludge, and are expensive. Adsorption processes have been shown to be one of the most efficient methods for the removal of toxic metal ions from contaminated water. Activated carbon is commonly used for this purpose but is expensive. Considering this, the search for more economical and safe options has led to the investigation of low-cost adsorbents as alternatives to activated carbon. In this study, maize cob carbon powder was chosen as the adsorbent due to its low cost, non-toxicity, and availability. At initial concentrations of 10 mg/L for Cr(VI) and Zn(II), the percentage removal exceeded 96% and 98% respectively, but higher concentrations resulted in a decrease in the percentage removal. Both zinc and chromium adsorption studies demonstrated excellent fit to the Langmuir isotherm, as indicated by the exceptionally high correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.999 and 0.996, respectively.
PubDate: 2023-07-19
- Harnessing Magnetite Poly(ethylene Glycol)-Block-Poly(propylene
Glycol)-Block-Poly(ethylene Glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) Composites for Efficient
Arsenic Removal in Water Treatment-
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Abstract: Abstract Elevated arsenic levels in soil and water resources due to improper waste management by industry cause detrimental impacts on the environment and human health due to its carcinogenicity and high toxicity. This work demonstrated a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites for practical arsenic adsorption. The synthesis of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites resulted in a high percentage yield of 91.4%. Morphological analyses confirmed the microstructures and crystallinity of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites. Besides, HR-TEM showed a homogeneous distribution of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 25 nm. The peak at 452 cm−1 in FT-IR spectra corresponds to the Fe–O stretching vibration, thus confirming the presence of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The synthesized composites showed increasing surface area (31–117 m2/g) and thermal stability with increasing γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle compositions. The As(V) batch adsorption study revealed efficient As(V) removal up to 56.5 µg/g determined by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore, the equilibrium adsorptions were attained between 30 and 120 min. Notably, the adsorption capacity of the γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites increased significantly as the As(V) initial concentration increases. The research findings showed that the γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites could be potential adsorbents to treat arsenic-contaminated wastewater. Besides, the synthesized composites were proven to be economical and practical for scaling up due to their high product yield.
PubDate: 2023-07-15
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