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- Sustainable development past and future
Authors: Avi Friedman
Abstract: Throughout most of human history, societies have lived a self-sufficient existence. Their immediate environment was the place from which they harvested or collected their basic needs...
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11866
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- What sustaining heritage really does
Authors: John Carman
Pages: 1 - 10
Abstract: Increasingly across the globe, heritage agencies have taken on board the critique of heritage management enshrined in Smith’s (2006) argument about the dominance of an ‘authorised heritage discourse’ and the way this has been developed by other writers in the field. To this end, they are increasingly engaged in extending their work towards working with communities. This is highly commendable and contributes towards the sustainability of heritage as a category.What gets lost in the debates about community engagement and involvement, however, is any consideration of the nature or role of the heritage agency as a type of institution; and yet an understanding of the role of these institutions in the process is essential if we are truly to break away from limited, top-down, highly managerial conceptions of what heritage is for. It is not just a matter of organisations doing what they do in a more inclusive manner; it is more than them moving from positions of authority to acting as facilitators. There needs to be a clear understanding by all involved in the heritage process – including those who work for institutions – of how institutions function in relation to the object of their attention and others who have an interest in that object.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11772
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- Infill projects and sustainable land use in heritage zones: how to
reconcile competing interest sets
Authors: Ewa Stachura
Pages: 12 - 24
Abstract: Sustainability and heritage are inextricably linked. Heritage conservation helps to build and maintain cultural identity and social cohesion of the city community, especially amongst indigenous residents. Heritage zones in European cities and towns over time have suffered destruction and undesirable urban transitions that alter or remove heritage urban fabric. While architecture and urban heritage aims are generally to promote infill development that retains the integrity of the original structure, communities tend to argue for social values that emphasise the retention of vacant land even if it was originally part of the heritage-built form. Hence, the aim of this paper is to identify city residents’ aspirations in relation to such vacant land and spaces. The paper will investigate the case of Raciborz, a medium-sized city in Southern Poland. It will seek to answer the following questions: 1) Are heritage urban composition and principles of its protection antagonistic to the residents’ aspirations' 2) What are the criteria for classifying and valorising vacant land within a heritage city centre' 3) What is the most appropriate way for city administrations to engage with communities to reconcile competing interest sets' What might be possible educational actions addressed to the communities' In the paper the procedure of identifying and evaluating empty sites in the heritage city centre will be presented as well as the results of survey presenting residents’ ideas of optimal way of use of empty city spaces.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11773
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- Snippets from the north: Architects in Durban and their response to
identity, common culture and resistance in the 1930s
Authors: Debbie Whelan
Pages: 26 - 38
Abstract: Previously colonized by both Holland and Britain, South Africans have always borrowed; many taking aesthetic clues from memories of ‘home’. Applied seemingly irrelevantly, these ‘clues’ often border on the pastiche. Pre and post Union in 1910, the British-controlled colonies of Natal and the Cape absorbed imported architectural influences which not only introduced an Arts and Crafts layer to Victorian Gothic and Classical revivals, but introduced vital new ideas, namely Art Deco and Modernism.Somehow this polemic embraced another revival: a melange of Tudor and Elizabethan focusing on detail, craftsmanship and nostalgia. The ‘Tudorbethan’ Revival occurred at a vital point in the inter-war era, and it is contended that this style demonstrated a calculated resistance to the hybrid ‘Union Period’ architecture and its political role in forging a common diasporic identity and culture in the 1930s, rather than a mere application of fashion.This paper situates the Tudorbethan Revival within contemporary architectural themes in Durban, South Africa, and contextualises the socio-political production of buildings between the wars before examining the works of architects who conceived this well-crafted, nostalgic and irrelevant architecture. It concludes by comparing this complex aesthetic with the contemporary architectural thread of ‘Gwelo’ Goodman’s Cape Dutch Revival suggesting the degree to which domestic architecture is able to support political positions in contested societies.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11774
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- Engineering how support of archaeology. Instrumental and safeguard
technologies for interdisciplinary integration
Authors: Agostino Catalano
Pages: 40 - 47
Abstract: The paper sets in prominence the newfound cooperation between engineering and archaeology. This integration of knowledge is particularly useful in the development of preventive archaeology that allows targeted excavations with a considerable saving of resources and a widening of the possibilities for the protection of the cultural heritage. In many cases, the engineering reading of the ancient buildings reveals surprisingly good construction practices in seismic areas. Particularly, the architectures of archaeological sites shows a series of cases that meet the criteria of seismic assessment by combining the formal and functional aspects of space destruction to the static and dynamic behaviour of the construction.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11817
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- Hemp-lime composite for buildings insulation: material properties and
regulatory framework
Authors: Rosa Agliata, Simone Gianoglio, Luigi Mollo
Pages: 48 - 57
Abstract: The increasing demand for indoor comfort in housing sector, together with the development of environmental awareness by people and societies, is leading to a rising need of new construction materials. Research and industries are then developing materials capable of meeting environmental and technical requirements: made from renewable sources; based on natural compounds to ensure healthy indoor environment and safe disposal; having good insulation properties, especially for energy saving. A material showing these features is the hemp-lime biocomposite, a natural-based mixture made of a lime binder matrix and shives aggregate, in different proportions. This paper wants to present an overview of the most interesting material properties for the building sector and a brief regulatory framework, in order to highlight the advantages that the use of this composite for building envelopes and internal partitions may provide.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11771
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
- Characterization of historical coating mortars of La Ceramo factory in
Valencia
Authors: Marcela Luana Sutti, Maiara Oliveira Silva de Aguiar, Cesar Fabiano Fioriti, Maria Paula Hêngling Christófani
Pages: 58 - 73
Abstract: The objective of this paper was to characterize historical coating mortars taken from the La Ceramo factory, in Valencia, by means of historical, in situ and sample collection at various points in the building, for subsequent laboratory tests. The physical-mechanical characteristics studied were: compressive strength, water content, granulometry by sieving method, identification of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid, surface hardness, water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density. The results showed that the mortars composed of cement and lime collected did not present very positive characteristics in the aspects analyzed in this study, resulting in material with low quality, both in its initial composition and in function of the external influences suffered over time. Regarding the other areas of lime mortar, these presented better results, although less resistant than those of cement, were shown to have good quality. It can also be observed that lime mortars, even having a similar composition in their origin, when applied at different points of the factory acquired uneven characteristics over time, directly related to the local conditions of the coated walls. Finally, the need for preventive conservation in buildings of historical interest makes this paper of investigative and scientific nature, since the knowledge of the original materials is the initial step to a good intervention and not to accelerate the process of degradation of historical constructions.
PubDate: 2019-06-18
DOI: 10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2019.11485
Issue No: Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)
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