 Subjects -> ANIMAL WELFARE (Total: 103 journals)
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- Investigation of the Morphologic and Scanned Electron Microscopic
Properties of Wild Boar Bristles in the Balikesir Region
Authors: Şükrü Hakan ATALGIN; Mehmet CAN, Alper ÇELENK
Abstract: Objective: Determination of species from animal hair is an effective method in veterinary forensic investigations, research, endangered species and prevention of poaching. Since the bristles are resistant to deterioration, they can be stored as evidence for many years. In addition, pig bristles are often used in making brushes. When these brushes are used in the food industry, it raises questions about halal food. This study aimed to identify these hairs by examining the hair structure of wild pigs living in the Balıkesir region and revealing their characteristics. Materials and Methods: The bristles of 3 wild boars obtained from the İvrindi region were used. After the hairs taken from different parts of the pigs were cleaned, stereomicroscopy and macroscopic examination were performed and routine procedures were applied for scanning electron microscopic imaging. Result: In stereomicroscopy and macroscopic examination, it was determined that the length and thickness of the hairs in different regions varied significantly. In the study, the hairs were generally bifurcated from the upper 1/3 part. In the scanning electron microscopic images, the hardened cuticle patterns on the hair shaft, which have a scaly appearance, were detected, and their measurements were made. Scanning electron microscopic images determined that there were very small bifurcations from the hair shaft. However, it was thought that these bristles could not be used for species separation, since these parts would break off in the bristles used as brushes. Significant images could not be obtained in cross-sections.Conclusion: It is thought that it will be used as a source for the identification of the hairs of wild boars in the Balıkesir region.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- Mucins: an overview of functions and biological activity
Authors: Habibe GÜNDOĞDU; Ebru KARADAĞ SARI
Abstract: This review aims to provide novel evidence on the function of mucins in defense of epithelia and to spot mucin changes in the epithelial surface.High molecular weight glycoproteins known as mucins are distinguished by their substantial O-glycosylation. The cell surface-associated mucins are divided into two categories as surface and gel-forming mucins. These are among the significant mucins expressed by the surface epithelia. Recent developments in functional assays have evaluated their functions in preserving corneal, conjunctival, respiratory, and digestive epithelia. The presentation includes changes in mucin and mucin O-glycan production in epithelial surface illnesses, including infection, non-autoimmune dry eye, autoimmune dry eye, and allergy.Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins characterized by their extensive O-glycosylation. Recent advances using functional assays have allowed the examination of their roles in protecting epithelial tissues. Alterations in mucin and mucin O-glycan biosynthesis in epithelial surface disorders, including allergy, non-autoimmune dry eye, cancers, and infection, are presented.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- Sero-epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Chattogram,
Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Belayet HOSSAİN; Md. Abu SAYEED, Md. Shohel Al FARUK, Md. Mamun KHAN, Md. Aftabuddin RUMİ, Md. Ahasanul HOQUE
Abstract: Mycobacterium bovis-caused bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a global public health concern and commercially significant zoonotic disease. Many wild and domesticated animals, including cattle, are susceptible to this fatal disease and play an important role in cross-species transmission. To gain a better understanding of bTB in dairy cattle, a bTB serological study is also necessary in order to identify efficient bTB control strategies in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, however, seroepidemiological research is either non-existent or limited (particularly Chattogram). To determine the seroprevalence of bTB and related possible risk factors in dairy cattle, a serological cross-sectional study was conducted (both animal and farm level). We estimated the seroprevalence of bTB was 7.5%(N=442) in this investigation, which also identified one animal-level and two farm-level possible risk factors. Individual animal risk factors included cattle source (own stock: OR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.4-8.1, p=0.006), and farm risk factors included population size (Larger: OR= 26.2, 95% CI: 2.2-319.1, p=0.010) and stocking density (Low and moderate: OR=19.6, 95%CI: 1.5-261.5, p=0.024). In the face-in housing system, there was also a higher risk of bTB seropositivity (OR=4.5). The research's key findings are thoroughly explored, and the findings will aid in the prevention and control of bTB in Bangladesh. In addition, early detection of positive cases, as well as their prompt removal and good farm management practices, can assist in preventing the spread of bTB to new human or bovine hosts. In underdeveloped nations like Bangladesh, a coordinated effort with local public health officials is critical for implementing an efficient TB control program.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- A Study on Morphological and Morphometrical Parameters on the Skull of the
Konya Merino Sheep
Authors: Zekeriya ÖZÜDOĞRU; Derviş ÖZDEMİR, Bumin Emre TEKE, Mesut KIRBAŞ
Abstract: Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the craniometric measurements of the skull of the Konya Merino breed and to reveal the differences between it and other sheep breeds. Material-Method: For this study, ten Konya merino heads were used and craniometric measurements were made from 46 points on the skull. Result: In the study, the skull length of the Konya merino was 274.03 ± 5.23, the frontal width (ectorbitale – ectorbitale) which is the widest region of the skull 123.47 ± 2.60, zygomatic width (the distance between two zygomatic arches) 110.30 ± 1.96 and the distance between the foramen supraorbitales 49.06 ± 2.38. has been found to be. It was determined that both the fronto-nasal and palato-maxillar sutures resembled the letter "V" in Konya merino, while the pariato-frontal suture was in the form of a straight line. When the correlation between index values was examined, it was seen that there was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between I1 (Nasal index) and I2 (Facial Index), but the relationship between other examined features was insignificant. When the statistically significant correlation values of the skull measurements are examined, it is seen that there is a strong negative or positive correlation between the features. While the highest positive correlation was between L5 (premolare – prosthion) and L39 (greatest palatal breadth (measured across the outer borders of the alveoli) features (0.943), the highest negative correlation was L33 (greatest neurocranium breadth-greatest breadth of the alveoli)). braincase (euryon - euryon) and L46 (supraorbital foramina distance) features were found to be (-0.908). Conclusion: As a result, in this study, it is thought that the difference in the craniometric values of Konya merino, which is accepted as the native breed of Turkey, with other sheep breeds, depending on the skull morphology, may be caused by the breed of sheep.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- A Comparative Gross Study on the Sacral Plexus of the Magpie (Pica Pica)
and Chukar Partridge (Alectoris Chukar)
Authors: Hülya KARA; Derviş ÖZDEMİR
Abstract: In poultry, sacral plexus usually occurs as a result of a combination of ventral branches of 1-5 sacral spinal nerves. The aim of this study is comparatively determination the sacral plexus and its branches of magpie (Pica pica) and chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) and anatomic differences between two species. In the present study, there were used 20 magpies (Pica pica) and 20 chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). All animals were sacrificed under anesthesia and the nerves forming sacral plexus were separately dissected and photographed in the both species. In the present study, it was determined that forming of sacral plexus and general anatomic distribution of nerves arising from plexus in the both species were similar with other many bird species. However, nerves forming the sacral plexus and their branches were thicker in chukar partridge than magpie.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- Physiological and Histopathological Effects of Nettle Seed (Urtica
Pilulifera), Grape Seed (Vitis Vinifera), Flax Seed (Linum Usitatissimum)
in Broiler.
Authors: Bahat COMBA; Serkan YILDIRIM, Arzu COMBA, Gönül ARSLAN AKVERAN
Abstract: Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of nettle seed, grape seed and flax seed added to the broiler diet on body weight, electrocardiogram, hematological and histopathological parameters. Materials and Methods: In this study 40 daily Ross 308 female broilers were used. Chicks were divided into 4 groups of 10 chicks each. During 42 days, in addition to standard broiler feed, nettle seed, grape seed and flax seed with 30 gr/kg/day were added to group II, III, IV, respectively. The values of erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte (WBC), platelet (PLT), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb) and percentages of white blood cell were determined by conventional methods. The liver, kidney, spleen and lung tissues held in formaldehyde (10%), were passed through the alcohol and xylose serial in routine tissue tracking and were buried in paraffin blocks. They were prepeared on the lam and stained with Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and examined by light microscopy. Results: It was determined that body weight was higher in control group than those in the other groups in the second weighing and there was a decrease in the number of heart breath in the group IV (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference with regard to hematological and histopathological findings.Conclusion: Even if the additionally nettle seed, grape seed and flax seed (30 mg/kg) to broiler rations did not have any positive effect on body weight gain, it is also important that it has no negative effect on blood, heart, liver, kidney, lung and spleen.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- Investigation of the Prevalence of Digestive System Parasites in Chickens
in the Kirikkale Region
Authors: Sami GÖKPINAR; Zeynep Begüm BABACAN, Güngör Çağdaş DİNÇEL
Abstract: Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the prevalence of digestive system parasites in free-range chickens in Kırıkkale region. Material-Method: One hundred (100) faecal samples were taken by visiting the poultry houses where domestic chicken breeding was carried out. Care was taken to ensure that the faecal samples were fresh and not in contact with soil. Each faecal sample was separately placed in plastic containers with lids and delivered to Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Routine and Epidemiology laboratory under appropriate conditions. The samples were analysed on the same day by native-lugol and Fülleborn flotation technique and the faecal samples which were positive for Eimeria oocyst were sporulated in potassium dichromate for species identification. Result: Sixty-three of the faecal samples (63%) were found to be infected with one or more parasite eggs/oocysts. Eggs/oocysts of one, two and three different parasite species were detected in 42.9%, 39.7% and 11.1% of the faecal samples, respectively. In this study; Eimeria spp. 13%, Ascaridia spp. 6%, Capillaria spp. 12%, Eimeria spp.+Trichostrongylus tenuis, 3%, Eimeria spp. + Ascaridia spp. 3%, Ascaridia spp. + Capillaria spp. 11%, Ascaridia spp. + Capillaria spp. + Eimeria spp. 3%, Capillaria spp, 4%, Eimeria spp. + Ascaridia spp. + Heterakis spp. 1%, Ascaridia spp. + Capillaria spp. + Trichostrongylus spp, + Trichostrongylus tenuis, 1%, Capillaria spp. + Ascaridia spp. + Heterakis spp. 2%, Ascaridia spp. + Heterakis spp. 2% and Trichostrongylus tenuis 1%. Eimeria spp. oocysts were morphologically identified as E. tenella, E. necatrix, E. brunetti, E. mitis and E. maxima. Conclusion: As a result, it is thought that the parasite rate is high due to the fact that the sampled chickens are free-ranging in the natural environment, parasites are more common during the infective periods of parasites or parasite control and treatment are not performed regularly. In order to reduce the presence of parasite infections that cause yield losses, it is recommended that the animals should have access to clean feed and water sources and regular parasitic control and treatment should be carried out.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- Role of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament (NF)
expression in the pathophysiology of canine distemper encephalomyelitis
Authors: Güngör Çağdaş DİNÇEL; Orhan YAVUZ, Serkan YILDIRIM
Abstract: Objectives: Canine distemper virus (CDV), a member of the genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae, is the causative agent of canine distemper, a fatal and highly contagious disease that affects dogs and other carnivores. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament (NF) expression in canine distemper encephalomyelitis (CDE) and the severe neuropathology that occurs.Materials and Methods: GFAP and NF expression levels in the brain tissue of 13 dogs diagnosed with CDE were investigated by immunohistochemical method.Results: The results of the study revealed that GFAP (P < 0.005) and NF (P < 0.005) expression levels in brain tissue were significantly increased in CDV-infected dogs compared to healthy, uninfected dogs. GFAP expression was mainly observed in endothelial cells and astrocytes, whereas NF expression was mainly found in neurons. In addition, it was found that the expression of both GFAP and NF was more pronounced in the areas with the most severe neuropathological findings.Conclusions: This study demonstrated pathological astrocyte reactivation and neuronal degeneration at the molecular level. These findings provide information about the stage of the disease. This study clearly demonstrated that detailed information about the prognosis of the disease can be obtained from GFAP and NF expression. Since GFAP/NF levels provide information about the severity of the disease, they can be used clinically. Therefore, further research into the involvement of GFAP and NF expression in the pathophysiology of CDE has great potential to improve our understanding of this complex neurological disorder.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
- The effect of evening primrose oil on some biochemical parameters in brain
tissue in a model of metabolic syndrome induced with fructose in rats
Authors: Nizamettin GÜNBATAR; Handan MERT, Salih ÇİBUK, Leyla MİS, Nihat MERT
Abstract: Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a disease characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and constitutes an important risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. The effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) on insülin, adiponectin and resistin levels in brain tissue was investigated in a fructose-related metabolic syndrome model. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into 4 groups as control, evening primrose oil (orally at a dose of 0.1 ml/rat/day), fructose (20% fructose added), fructose+evening primrose oil for 57 days. At the end of the experiment, brain samples were taken and homogenized. Then, insülin, adiponectin and resistin levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Plasma insulin and resistin levels of the fructose group increased (p≤0.05 ) compared to the controls, on the contrary, adiponectin levels were significantly decreased (p≤0.05 ) in the fructose group. When EPO was given to rats given fructose, increased insulin and resistin levels decreased, while decreased adiponectin levels were increased. Conclusion: Fructose-induced impaired metabolic changes in brain tissue were partially ameliorated when EPO was administered. Accordingly, the use of EPO in the medical setting may be recommended by clinicians to reduce the harmful effects on the brain, since metabolic changes in the brains of rat fed with high fructose content can also occur with the intake of fructose from various foods in humans.
PubDate: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +030
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