 Subjects -> ANIMAL WELFARE (Total: 103 journals)
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- Determination of Usage Doses of Some Chemical Substances in the Prevention
of Fungal Infections in Rainbow Trout Eggs
Authors: Fikri BALTA; Hüseyin TAŞKIN
Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to take protective measures against fungal agents in fertilized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs. To prevent fungal growth in fertilized eggs, different doses of formaldehyde (0.5, 1 and 2 ml/l), iodine (0.5, 1 and 2 ml/l), hydrogen peroxide (5, 10 and 15 ml/l), apple vinegar (1, 5 and 10 ml/l) and rock salt (5, 10 and 15 g/l) were used once a day for 10 minutes. When the trial results of these chemicals at different concentrations were compared, it was determined that the best survival rate was in the group that was administered iodine at a dose of 2 ml/l. At the end of the study, it was determined that all of the eggs in the control group of the first trial died due to fungus. It has been determined that for a sustainable production in rainbow trout hatcheries, fertilized eggs should be disinfected at least once a day for 10 minutes with a dose of 2 ml/l polyvinyl pyrrolidone-iodine from the first day.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Length-Weight (L-W), Length-Length (L-L) Relationships and Condition
Factor (K) of Gobio artvinicus (Teleostei:Gobionidae) from the Lower
Çoruh River Basin, (NE Türkiye)
Authors: Tuncay YEŞİLÇİÇEK
Abstract: In this study, some basic biological parameters (sex ratio, condition factor (K), LWRs and LLRs) of Gobio artvinicus (Artvin gudgeon) inhabiting Borçka Reservoir and its tributaries from the lower Çoruh River Basin were investigated for the first time. Fish specimens were collected from June 2017 to May 2018 and totally 120 Artvin gudgeon ranging from 8.1 cm to 13.2 cm in TL were sampled. The sex ratio (F:M) was calculated as 1.18:1.00 in favor of females but it did not deviate from the expected ratio of 1:1 (P˃0.05). The total length-weight relationships were determined as W=0.008TL3.159 for females, as W= 0.012TL2.971 for males and as W= 0.009TL3.088 for combined sex. While the b-values which reflect the body shape were significantly different from the isometric growth indicating positive allometric growth (b˃3) for females and combined sex (Pauly’s t- test, P˂0.05), however the b value of males did not differ from the isometric growth (b=3) pattern (Pauly’s t- test, P>0.05). The slopes (b values) were found statistically significant for both sexes (ANCOVA, P<0.05). Results of the LLRs indicated that the values of the correlation coefficient were highly correlated (r2 > 0.9) for each sex and relationship. Mean K values were calculated as 1.128±0.011 for females and 1.102±0.008 for males indicating a good growth condition in this habitat. The present study will provide a baseline on some biological parameters of G. artvinicus to provide a guideline for the fisheries management authority and fisheries scientists for further investigations as well as presents the first known reference on the LWRs and LLRs of this species for the FishBase database. Furthermore, the reported results will contribute to the conservation and sustainability of this species in the area.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Faunistic and Systematic Studies on Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) Species
in Erzurum Provincear
Authors: Abdullah DAŞDEMİR; Göksel TOZLU
Abstract: The material of the study consisted of specimens collected in field studies carried out in different habitats of Erzurum province (Türkiye), Aşkale, Çat, Horasan, Ilıca, Köprüköy, Merkez, Oltu, Pasinler, Tortum and Uzundere districts between 15 April and 15 November 2021. In addition, specimens of two species collected from Erzurum province in previous years and preserved in EMET (Entomology Museum, Erzurum, Turkey) were included in the study. The specimens brought to the laboratory were made suitable for diagnosis by pinning or sticking them on adhesive papers of appropriate size. The specimens were then placed in the drawers in the cabinets and kept under preservation. As a result of the study, 16 genera and 27 species and subspecies belonging to 5 subfamilies were identified. These species are; Falagrioma thoracica (Stephens), Drusilla (Drusilla) canaliculata (F.), Oxyporus (s.str.) rufus (L.), Paederidus (s.str.) rubrothoracicus (Goeze), Leptobium gracile (Gravenhorst), Lobrathium (s.str.) rugipenne (Hochhuth), Paederus (Heteropaederus) fuscipes Curtis, Paederus (Poederomorphus) littoralis Gravenhorst, Philonthus (Philonthus) carbonarius (Gravenhorst), Philonthus (Philonthus) cruentatus (Gmelin), Philonthus (Philonthus) discoideus (Gravenhorst), Philonthus (Philonthus) laminatus (Creutzer), Philonthus (Philonthus) nitidicollis (Lacordaire), Quedius (Raphirus) boluensis Korge, Quedius (Raphirus) umbrinus Erichson, Emus hirtus (L.), Ocypus (Pseudocypus) fulvipennis Erichson, Ocypus (Pseudocypus) picipennis picipennis (F.), Ocypus (Pseudocypus) picipennis caucasicus (Müller), Ocypus (Pseudocypus) sericeicollis (Menetries), Staphylinus caesareus Cederhjelm, Tasgius (Rayacheila) falcifer (Nordmann), Tasgius (Rayacheila) minax (Mulsant & Rey), Tasgius gracilicornis (Hochhuth), Gauropterus sanguinipennis (Kolenati), Xantholinus (Helicophallus) ceviki (Anlaş), and Tachyporus hypnorum (F.). With this study, new localities were added to the distribution of Staphylinidae species. As a result of the study, five species are new records for the Eastern Anatolia Region and 10 species for Erzurum province. Information that will be useful to researchers who will work on this subject in the future has been presented.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Occurunce of Gas Bubble Disease in A Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Farm
Authors: Fikri BALTA; Bülent VEREP
Abstract: Gas bubble disease was determined on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ranged from fry to adult (250 g) in 12 fish farms in the Black Sea Region. We observed that the waters used in the fish farms. Generally, were obtained from a distant and high altitude location with closed pipe. And also, result of the study showed that the water in the pipe was not filling up the pipe and was observed the water was drained directly in the fish pond from the pipe. Dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation and water temperature values were determined as 12.6-14.5 mg/L, 115.2-130.5% and 8.2-9.7ºC respectively in fry fish pond. These values in adult fish pond were 10.03-11.88, 116.9-139.1% and 20.3-20.9ºC respectively. To reduce to a value under 100% of the gas saturation in water were applied different precautions. As a result, the gas bubble problem was solved.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Koordinat Dönüşüm Parametrelerinin Uygulama Alanı Dışında
Uygunluğunun Araştırılması
Authors: Ulku KIRICI YILDIRIM; Nisanur GÜNAYDIN, Yasemin ŞİŞMAN
Abstract: Koordinat sistemi bir noktanın yeryüzündeki konumunu sayısal olarak ifade etmemize yaramaktadır. Ülkemizde ve Dünya’da koordinat sistemleri zaman içerisinde teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermişlerdir. Farklı sistemler ile üretilmiş haritaların ortak projelerde kullanılabilmesi için koordinat sistemlerinin birbirleriyle ilişkilendirilmesi gerekir. Koordinat dönüşümünde iki sistemde ortak olan uygun dağılımdaki nokta koordinatları kullanılarak bölgesel olarak tanımlanan geometrik ilişki ile dönüşüm parametreleri elde edilir. Koordinat dönüşümü işleminde elde edilen bölgesel dönüşüm parametreleri kullanılarak çalışma alanında birçok noktanın dönüşümü yapılır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bölgesel koordinat dönüşüm parametrelerinin uygulama alanı dışında uygunluğunun araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaç için çalışma alanı olarak Türkiye’nin en büyük illerinden biri olan Erzurum ili seçilmiştir. Erzurum ilindeki her ilçe için dönüşüm parametreleri hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan dönüşüm parametrelerinin diğer ilçelere uygulanabilirliği araştırılmış ve sonuçlar analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Macroscopic Examination of Cownose Rays (Rhinoptera bonasus)
Authors: Bayram SÜZER; Ferhat YALGIN, Izzet Burcin SATİCİOGLU, Merve TASKİN, Özkan YAVAŞ, Muhammed DUMAN
Abstract: The cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus, is currently listed as vulnerable and threatened species by the IUCN Red List due to overfishing and bycatch in worldwide resulted declines of the steep population declines of 30-49% in only 43 years. We aimed to present suitable dissection methods for a necropsy of cownose ray with a large, rhomboid-shaped wing-like pectoral disc and compressed dorsoventrally using a specific approach to observe external and internal anatomy. The fish were obtained from a public aquarium after natural death and were dissected with four incision area to open chondrocranium, gills, pericardial cavity and pleuroperitoneal cavity. The dorsal surface of the body is completely naked and smooth, greenish-brown colored, in contrast the ventral surface of the body is white. The liver fills most of the pleuroperitoneal cavity and covers the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, valvular intestine, spleen, kidney and uterus. The valvular intestine or spiral valve is one of the largest organs of the digestive system. In most rays, only the left ovary is developed and functional; therefore, the ovaries of the specimens are located on the left to the median line, close to the cranial end of the pleuroperitoneal cavity, and caudal to the stomach. In conclusion, the presented dissection techniques will enable to examine of the external and internal anatomy of cownose rays and will contribute to a suitable approach to organs.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- A Preliminary Study for Determination of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte,
Monocyte to Lymphocyte and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratios in Dogs with
Canine Distemper Virus Infection
Authors: Didem PEKMEZCİ; Gamze Nur KONAÇOĞLU, Zeynep Nurselin ÇOLAK
Abstract: It is aimed to compare the pretreatment Neutrophil/Lymphocyte (NEU/LYM), Monocyte/Lymphocyte (MONO/LYM), and Platelet/Lymphocyte (PLT/LYM) ratios with whole blood count (WBC) of dogs naturally infected Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) with healthy individuals within this preliminary study. For this purpose, retrospectively, 22 owned, 3-12 (6.2) months old dogs diagnosed with CDV infection found to be positive with rapid test kits based up on the records of Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, constituted the study group. On the other hand, eight owned, 2-10 (8.2) months old, and healthy dogs enrolled in the control group. In the comparison of pre-treatment NEU/LYM, MONO/LYM, PLT/LYM, and WBC parameters between the groups, we found only a statistical difference (P 0.05) between median LYM, EOS, NEU%, LYM%, EOS%, BAS%, MCH, MCHC, RDWCV, PLT with NEU/LYM, MONO/LYM, PLT/LYM ratios. The median NEU/LYM, MONO/LYM, and PLT/LYM levels in the CDV positive group were 31.9, 2.33, and 391.2, respectively, while the same values of the control group were determined as 6.39, 0.37 and 187.7, respectively. The optimized cut-off points of NEU/LYM, MONO/LYM, and PLT/LYM values in estimating CDV patients were also determined as NEU/LYM =7.6, MONO/LYM=0.61 and PLT/LYM=0.852, respectively. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests that NEU/LYM, MONO/LYM, and PLT/LYM values may be inexpensive, objective, and non-invasive new marker candidates for clinicians to support the diagnosis of CDV infected dogs in suspicious circumstances.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Relationship of Barn and Animal Hygiene with Milk Yield, Milk
Composition and Mastitis in Holstein and Simmental Cows
Authors: Ayşe ÇELEBİ; Filiz AKDAĞ
Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effect of barn hygiene on animal hygiene in Holstein and Simmental cows and the relationship between animal hygiene and milk yield, milk composition and somatic cell count (SCC). In the study, some hygiene traits of four different barns with 40 heads of Holstein and Simmental cows in the early and middle lactation period, the degree of cleanliness of the upper rear leg, lower rear leg, abdomen, udder and tail head of cows, the milk yield and composition of animals, and the SCC were determined. In the study, it was determined that bedding was more dirtiness in Holstein barns than Simmental barns. In terms of body hygiene, breed and breed X lactation period interaction were determined to be effective (P
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Physiological and Molecular Response to Heavy Metal Stress in Plants
Authors: Kübra SEVGİ; Sema LEBLEBİCİ
Abstract: With the increasing anthropogenic effect and industrialization, the balance of natural ecosystems is deteriorating and heavy metals accumulate above the levels that many living things can tolerate. When plants, sessile organisms, are exposed to heavy metal pollution, serious consequences such as decreased productivity and loss of quality in products are encountered. The effects on plants exposed to heavy metal pollution may vary according to factors such as heavy metal type, concentration, exposure time, and plant species. Heavy metal stress causes a decrease in shoot and root development, biomass, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate; cause chlorosis and necrosis. In addition, it causes an increase in the amount of ROS and MDA, creates lesions in DNA and destabilizes the genome with unrepaired damages. Plants have developed some defense strategies, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, to combat these negative effects of heavy metals. Heavy metal stress-tolerant hyperaccumulator plants, which can continue to grow even in soils with high levels of heavy metals, are frequently used in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and constitute a model in transgenic plant technology.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Biometric Characteristics, Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Oikopleura
(Vexillaria) dioica Fol, 1872 (Class: Appendicularia) in the Southeastern
Black Sea Ecosystem
Authors: İlknur YILDIZ
Abstract: The study was carried out by examining mesozooplankton samples taken from 13 stations in the Southeast Black Sea ecosystem monthly and/or seasonally between 2008 and 2013. The samples were collected with 200 μm Hydro-bios Hensen-type plankton net with vertically depending on the depth of the station. In this study, only results of class Appendicularia which is represented with one species Oikopleura dioica in the Black Sea ecosystem were presented. When the annual average abundance values of O. dioica between 2008 and 2013 are compared, the highest abundance was found as 313 ind./m3 in 2008 and the lowest abundance as 38 ind./m3 in 2013. According to monthly abundance values in between March 2012- February 2013, the highest abundance values were found in June (230 ind./m3) and February (157 ind./m3). When the coastal-open stations and regional abundance values of O. dioica are examined, abundance values at coastal stations are found to be higher. Furthermore, when the biomass (μgC/m3) change was examined, the decrease in biomass was noted though the high abundance value due to the contribution of small individuals in August.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Improvement of the Antioxidant Mechanism by Exogenous H2O2 in Two
genotypes of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Under Salt Stress
Authors: Fahriye ÖCAL ÖZDAMAR; Gökçen BAYSAL FURTANA, Hayri DUMAN, Rukiye TIPIRDAMAZ
Abstract: Salinity is an increasing environmental problem that directly affects crop production. Foliar application of H2O2 stimulates the abiotic stress tolerance of plants is an important process. As an effective signaling molecule, H2O2 can reduce the deleterious effects of salt stress in plants. Application of exogenous H2O2 and H2O2 synthase inhibitor (DPI) to the eggplant genotypes Mardin (salt-tolerant) and Artvin (salt-sensitive) showed differential tolerance to salinity. We investigated the possible involvement of MDA content and activities of Catalase and Superoxide dismutase in these eggplant genotypes by foliar applications to seedling of H2O2 and DPI 48 hours before exposure to moderate salinity. H2O2 and MDA content increased upon salt stress and decreased upon H2O2 application. Antioxidant enzyme analysis showed that foliar spraying of H2O2 augmented antioxidant enzyme activities. This study shows that the salt-tolerant Mardin genotype is more affected by exogenously applied H2O2 and DPI than the salt-sensitive Artvin genotype.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Cover and Contents
Authors: Bülent VEREP
Abstract: Cover and Contents of issue of 7.47.4 sayısının Kapak ve İçindekiler
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Use of Different Suture Methods in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Fish
Authors: Tunahan SANCAK; Şükrü ÖNALAN
Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to compare the suture methods in wounds created for different purposes in the field of aquaculture. For this purpose, Tilapia fish, which took the second place after carp in the inland waters fish breeding of hot countries, were used. In the study, Control group (n = 3), simple suture (n = 3), U suture (n = 3) and X (Sultan) suture (n = 3) applications were performed. The fish were subjected to 7 days of adaptation before starting the study. During the study, feeding was done once a day with Tetra Discus food. For the formation of cut wounds, scales were removed in Tilapia fish under anesthesia, and 2 cm long incision were performed. As a result of the study, it was observed that the cut wounds were closed on the 6th day in the U suture group, at the end of the 7th day in the control group and simple suture groups, and the 9th day in the X suture group. It was observed that the absorbable suture materials were absorbed in all fish in which they were applied, but in the X suture group, 1 fish was absorbed at the end of the 9th day. It is concluded that it is healthier to prefer simple suture and U suture primarily in areas such as marking, remote sensing, monitoring and management of fish methods, and fish health.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Determination of the Combined Effect of Dimethoate and Malathion
Pesticides on Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) Using Cytochrome P450
and Acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Nuran CİKCİKOGLU YİLDİRİM; Osman SERDAR, Numan YILDIRIM
Abstract: In this study, cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) and Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were measured to reveal the toxicity of organophosphorus dimethoate and malathion active ingredient insecticide mixtures in Dreissena polymorpha. The lethal concentration (LC50) of dimethoate and malathion was calculated as 40.82±2.54 mg/L after 96 hours of exposure. D. polymorpha was exposed to three sublethal concentrations of dimethoate and malathion (ratio of 1/16, 1/8 and 1/4 to LC50 value) for 24 hours and 96 hours. CYP1A1 and AChE levels were measured in a microplate reader using the commercial kit. AChE activities were observed to decrease in all exposure groups after 96 hours compared to the control group. When the exposure times were compared, it was determined that there was no statistically significant change in enzyme activities at the end of the 96th hour. There was no statistically significant change in CYP1A1 levels at the end of 24 hours in all groups, but a decrease was observed after 96 hours compared to the control group (p
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Some Biological Characteristics of the Transcaucasian spirlin, Alburnoides
fasciatus (Nordmann, 1840) inhabiting Borçka Reservoir, NE Türkiye
Authors: Tuncay YEŞİLÇİÇEK
Abstract: The present study investigates for the first time some basic biological aspects such as sex ratio, size composition, length-length relationships (LLRs) and length-weight relationships (LWRs) of Alburnoides fasciatus inhabiting Borçka Dam Lake and its tributaries from the lower Çoruh River Basin located in the northeastern Türkiye. Fish samples were collected from February 2017 to June 2019. Totally 171 specimens ranging from 7.4 cm to 16.2 cm TL and 4.06 g to 46.56 g were sampled. The sex ratio (F:M) was calculated as 1.19:1.00 (χ2 test; P>0.05). The total length-weight relationships were determined as W= 0.008TL3.154 (r2=0.987, N=93) for females, as W= 0.007TL3.183 (r2=0.990, N=78) for males and as W= 0.007TL3.205 (r2=0.981, N=171) for combined sex. The b-values were significantly different from isometric growth (b=3) indicating positive allometric growth of Transcaucasian spirlin for all sexes (Pauly’s t-test; P˂0.05). The regression analysis of LWRs revealed that the coefficient of determination was r2>0.9 showing a highly significant correlation between total length and weight. Results of the LLRs indicated that the values of correlation coefficient were highly correlated (r2>0.9) for each sex and relationship. The differences in b values of the LWR were statistically significant for both sexes (ANCOVA; P
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Applications and Cutting Times
on Yield in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: Muhammed İkbal ÇATAL; Adil BAKOĞLU, Şenol ÇELİK
Abstract: This study was carried out for 2 years in the ecological conditions of Pazar district of Rize province in 2018 and 2019. The experiment was carried out in three replications according to the randomized blocks split plot design. In the experiment, organic fertilizer application (Control, Organoferm, Neobioplus, Bionur and Orbitosol) was applied to the main plots, and cutting times (1st, 2nd and 3rd form) were applied to the sub-plots. Depending on the organic fertilizer application and cutting times, the average yield was determined as 527.711-904.667 kg/da in 2018 and 2019, respectively. In 2018 growing year, the highest tea yield was obtained from Organoferm application at 722 kg/da at the 2nd cutting time. In the 2019 growing year, the highest tea yield was obtained at 1260 kg/da from Neobioplus application at the 1st cutting time. As a result of the variance analysis made according to the split plots trial plan in the random blocks; in 2018 and 2019, the effect of organic fertilizer application and cutting time on tea yield was significant, while the effect of organic fertilizer application * cutting time interaction was insignificant.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Planning Experience on The Factors Affecting The Physical Land Use Change
and Temporal Change in The Eastern Black Sea Coastal Settlements; The Case
Of Çayeli
Authors: Merve SİPAHİ; Hasan YILMAZ
Abstract: Coastal settlements have a dynamic and complex structure, and are constantly changing due to human and partially natural reasons. In this context, it is important to know the reasons that physically change the coastal cities and to create future plans in the light of these data. It was aimed the factors affecting the physical land use change in the Eastern Black Sea coastal settlements are specifiedto determine the change speed and to make correct and effective plan decisions of these changes in 4 different periods from the past to the present of Çayeli district. The study area is the Çayeli district of Rize province, which has a rugged and topographic structure in the Eastern Black Sea Coastal Region. In the study, the factors affecting the physical land use change in the Eastern Black Sea coastal settlements are specified and the temporal and spatial physical land use change (7 land use parameters) process (GIS) of Rize province Çayeli district. In this context, new planning and design scenarios for the development of the city are included in order to create a livable and sustainable coastal city. In order to create a sustainable environment, these studies form a basis for a city where energy is used effectively, human-oriented, cultural and historical values are protected, urban areas are developed with long-term plans, and in this process, urban agricultural areas and open green areas are protected.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Disseminated Mycobacteriosis Caused by Mycobacterium marinum in a Beauty
Rat Snake (Elaphe taenuria): A Case Report
Authors: Burak ALABAŞ; Baran ÇELİK, Hazal ÖZTÜRK GÜRGEN
Abstract: Reptiles are one of the popular companion animals today. The fact that they are ectothermic and require specific care conditions for a healthy life distinguishes these species from other popular species and also creates conditions for reptiles to be cared. When these conditions are not met, diseases can be seen because they cannot develop an adequate immune response. When reptiles have sufficient immune potential, they can carry mycobacteria in their organisms without being affected, so mycobacteriosis can develop in the face of unsuitable conditions, and as a result, they can shed high amounts of agents. Mycobacteriosis agents shed from the bodies of reptiles can survive in the environment for a long time due to their resistance to environmental conditions, and they can be found in living spaces, litters and equipment even if the infected animal is removed from the environment. During contact with reptiles with mycobacteriosis, habitat cleaning and maintenance, mycobacteriosis agents in animals and in the environment can be transmitted to humans through contact and mechanical carriers, and granulomatous lesions may develop in humans. Mycobacteriosis is a very important disease for human health as it is a zoonotic disease. Today, mycobacteriosis remains one of the important reptile diseases due to the lack of effective treatment in animals and the difficulty of antemortem diagnosis. In this article, a case of mycobacteriosis in a yellow rat snake presented. Post-mortem diagnostic methods for mycobacteriosis, histopathological examination method, isolation and identification of the agent is presented, different identification methods and what can be done for ante-mortem diagnosis are mentioned. Reptile mycobacteriosis agents, the predisposing factors, the development of the disease, the importance of reptile and human health were evaluated.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Do Different Substrates Affect Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial
Activity of Pleurotus ostreatus'
Authors: Arif BOZDEVECİ; Sibel AVCI, Şengül ALPAY KARAOĞLU, Zehra CAN, Aysun PEKŞEN
Abstract: Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of growing media on antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activities of Pleurotus ostreatus(Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. In the study, growing substrates were prepared with five tree sawdust (80%) and waste (20% Tea Waste or Wheat Bran) at different ratios (80% Sawdust + 20% TW, 80% Sawdust + 20% GW). The antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts from 19 P. ostreatus against microorganisms were tested by agar well diffusion technique. The total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau procedure. The antioxidant capacity was determined using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and free radical scavenging activity of DPPH. It was observed that the addition of 20% tea waste in the substrate had a positive effect on antimicrobial activity. It was determined that the methanol extract of mushrooms obtained from the 80QS+20TW substrate was the most effective extract against to all of microorganisms investigated in this study. Significant differences (P
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Effects of Different Bottom Fertilizer, Organic Fertilizer Application
and Cutting Times on Yield in Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: Adil BAKOĞLU; Muhammed İkbal ÇATAL
Abstract: This study was carried out for 2 years in the ecological conditions of Pazar district of Rize province in 2019 and 2020. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks according to the split-split plot design with 3 replications. In the experiment, the main plots were composed of bottom fertilizer (Control, Barnyard manure and Tea fiber), the sub-plots were organic fertilizers (Control, Organoferm, Neobioplus, Bionur and Orbitosol), and the sub-sub plots were formed by cutting times (1st cutting, 2nd cutting and 3rd cutting). Depending on the bottom fertilizer, organic fertilizer application and cutting time; the average yield was determined as 815.71-784.56 kg/da in 2019 and 2020, respectively. In tea plant, high yield was obtained in Barnyard manure and Tea fiber as botom fertilizer and Organoferm and Neobioplus applications in organic fertilizer.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Investigation of Aquaculture Farms in Trabzon Province in Terms of
Mechanization
Authors: Arda TAŞGIN; Kübra AK, İlker Zeki KURTOĞLU
Abstract: In this study, was examined that mechanization usage in offshore sea cage and land based fish farms in Trabzon province. The study was carried out through survey prepared for infrastructure, management and mechanization in 2 different fields, which are offshore sea cage and land based. The most commonly used equipment in offshore net cage farms are the lift and feeding machine (pneumatic feeding from the boat), the net washing machine, the ice maker and the fish grading machine. It was determined that mercury thermometer, incubator and grading machine are widely used in the land based fish farms. At the end of the study, barge systems are not used in offshore net cage farms and digital observation machine are used on a limited scale. In land base farms, automatic feeding and feed silo systems are not used ad water quality monitoring is insufficient. There was no laboratory structure for macro and micro observation purposes in both land base farms and offshore net cage farms.It is clear that mechanization will contribute to increasing the sustainability and profitability of the aquaculture farms. The lack of mechanization is likely to be overcome by ensuring the participation of farm owners and technical personnel in periodically organized fishery and agricultural fairs, and organizing meetings among academic institutions, fish farms and local authority.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Effects of Different Sound Stimulations on Growth Performance and Body
Composition of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L. 1758)
Authors: Macit GENÇER; Levent DOĞANKAYA
Abstract: In this study, the effects of different sound stimulation on growth performance were investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total number of 240 fish placed in aquariums in triplicate groups for a 75 days experiment. The audio files were transmitted to the groups for 3 hours a day with the computer-controlled directed loudspeaker devices, and the fish were fed with ornamental fish feed twice a day. There was no statistically significant difference in live weight gain between groups (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in group values (p0.05). At the end of the experiment, the highest survival rate (SR) was calculated in the rock transmitted music group and the lowest survival rate was observed in the control group. The results obtained in this study indicated that sound stimulation has a positive effect on weight gain and survival rate in carp. The system and the procedure used in this study have the potential to be a non-invasive and environmental growth promoter for fish.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Tissue-Specific Ameliorative Effect of Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress
Parameters and Blood Lipid Profile of Mice Exposed to Cadmium
Authors: Derya KOCAMAZ; Oğuz MERHAN, Dinçer ERDAĞ, Hale ERGİN EĞRİTAĞ, Kadir BOZUKLUHAN
Abstract: Cadmium can cause oxidative damage in organisms through overproduction of free radicals and suppression of the antioxidant defense system. Resveratrol is known as a nutraceutical with antioxidant properties accepted to have protective effects to the toxicity of heavy metals. In this study, we investigated if resveratrol could overwhelm the toxic effect of sub-acute cadmium exposure. Animals were divided to the following groups: 1) Control, 2) Vehicle control, 3) Cadmium (Cd), 4) Resveratrol (Res), 5) Exposure to both Cd and Res (Cd+Res). Increased lipid peroxidation and total sialic acids were determined in testis and lung tissues of mice exposed to Cd with the decreased in paraoxonase (PON1) level and GSH amount. Interestingly, we also found an increased lipid peroxidation and NO levels in lung tissue of mice exposed to Res and Cd + Res, but not in testis tissue. Moreover, increased triglycerides, total cholesterol, very low-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins as well as reduced high-density lipoproteins were found in mice exposed to Cd and Cd + Res compared to controls. Our results revealed that cadmium induces oxidative damage in tissues, via increased lipid peroxidation, total sialic acids and decreased antioxidant levels as well as disturbs lipid profile. Moreover, our findings indicate that resveratrol may act as “ameliorative” factor against the cadmium exposure in only testis tissue. Thus, we may suggest that ameliorative effect of resveratrol may vary depending on the exposure dose, exposure duration and exposed tissues of animals to the heavy metals.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Monitoring of Fish Behaviors with Computerized Image Processing Methods
for the Aquaculture
Authors: Güray TONGUÇ; Beytullah Ahmet BALCI, Muhammed Nurullah ARSLAN
Abstract: Observing and interpreting animal behaviors and turning them into useful information has become an issue that has gained importance in recent years. Software developments such as machine learning and deep learning algorithms, imaging devices, and hardware developments allow the processing of obtained images from the infrastructure for monitoring animal behavior. Thanks to these technologies, non-contact and non-destructive detection of fish, which cannot interact with people verbally or physically, in their habitats is possible. One of the problems encountered in introducing alternative species into intensive aquaculture is the lack of knowledge of the biotic and abiotic requirements of the living thing. This study gives information about the image processing methods, the daily life of fish, their care, feeding, some experimental procedures, individual or swarm movements, and the hardware and software mechanisms created to monitor these movements. In addition, the fish used in the setups and the experimental procedures, the processing methods of the images obtained, the statistical techniques used, and the results are discussed. This manuscript reviews and presents studies in the field of image processing that can be used for the aquaculture sector.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Investigation of Microplastic Accumulation in Horse Mackerel (Trachurus
mediterraneus) Caught in the Black Sea
Authors: Tanju MUTLU; Kenan GEDİK, Ahmet Raif ERYAŞAR
Abstract: The marine ecosystem is prone to pollution exposure due to a number of factors. Microplastic (MP) pollution has been a severe issue recently; however, studies on marine organisms are limited. The abundance and composition of MPs in highly consumed horse mackerel caught from the Turkish coast of the Black Sea were investigated here. A total of 27 MPs were detected in 121 horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus). The mean of MPs per fish was calculated as 0.22±0.14. While polyethylene was the most prevalent type, fiber, with a length range of 500 to 1000 µm (33%), was the most common form. These findings suggest that more study is required to determine the magnitude of MP contamination in the Black Sea.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Pülümür Nehri (Tunceli)’ndeki Salmo trutta macrostigma (Dumeril,
1858), Cyprinion macrostomum Heckel, 1843 ve Oxynoemacheilus tigris
(Heckel, 1843)’in Boy-Ağırlık İlişkileri
Authors: Ebru İfakat ÖZCAN; Osman SERDAR
Abstract: Bu çalışmada; 2017 ve 2019 tarihleri arasında Pülümür Nehri'ndeki Salmo trutta macrostigma (Dumeril, 1858), Cyprinion macrostomum Heckel, 1843 ve Oxynoemacheilus tigris (Heckel, 1843)’in boy-ağırlık ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Total boy ve ağırlıklar S. t. macrostigma için 14,4-36,3 cm ve 45,2-602 g, C. macrostomum için 7,8-14,0 cm ve 4,9-30,0 g, O. tigris için 4,3-8,6 cm ve 0,7-5,1 g arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen türlerin boy-ağırlık ilişkisi; S. t. macrostigma için W = 0,0093TL3,0655 (R² = 0,9390), C. macrostomum için W = 0,0073TL3,1613 (R² = 0,9008) ve O. tigris için W = 0,0068TL3,1053 (R² = 0,9729) olarak bulunmuştur. S. t. macrostigma ve O. tigris’in b değerlerinin istatistiki olarak 3’ten farklı olmadığı tespit edilmiş (t-testi, p>0,05) ve Pülümür Nehri’ndeki bu 2 türün büyümesinin izometrik olduğu belirlenmiştir. C. macrostomum’un b değerinin istatistiki olarak 3’ten farklı olduğu tespit edilmiş (t-testi, p
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Evaluation of Edible Plants in Urban Open Green Areas: The Case of
Kahramanmaraş
Authors: Ömer Lütfü ÇORBACI; Erdi EKREN
Abstract: With the increase in the rate of construction in cities, open green areas, which provide many environmental, social, and economic benefits, are rapidly decreasing. In addition, the high food demand of the increasing population has paved the way for alternative landscape applications. Edible plants are getting more attention today with the emergence of the concept of edible landscapes. Edible plants are an important component of local culture and therefore a valuable part of social identity formation by creating a “taste perception/selection” depending on the region and culture in which they live, as well as their nutritional properties and contribution to biodiversity. In design studies with plants, the form, texture, and color characteristics of plants are taken into consideration in line with the basic design principles. In addition to carrying nutritional value, edible plants have an important place in landscape design because of their aesthetic features (flower and fruit beauty, leaf texture, autumn coloration, habitus, etc.). Within the scope of the study, 65 edible plant taxa were identified in the urban open green areas of Kahramanmaraş. Families, local names, edible parts, life forms, leaf colors, whether they have autumn coloration, flower colors, and ripe fruit colors of these plants were determined and evaluated. As a result of these evaluations, it was determined that the family with the highest number of edible taxa was Rosaceae. In addition, it was determined that, from 65 plants, 36 have edible fruits, 20 have edible flowers, 13 have edible leaves, 3 have edible seeds, 3 have edible roots, and 2 have edible underground parts. As a result, suggestions have been developed for the use of edible plants in landscape design applications.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Effectiveness of Macroalgae and 3- Nitrooxypropanol for Mitigation of
Enteric Methane Emissions in Cattle
Authors: Habip MURUZ; Zeynep Tuğçe SERTKAYA
Abstract: Methane (CH4) originating from enteric fermentation in ruminants, especially in cattle, is both an important greenhouse gas and causes a 12% loss in adult gross energy. Therefore, cost-effective strategies are needed to reduce metagenesis in the ruminant production system. Recent studies have shown that the chemically synthesized compound 3-Nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) has the potential to reduce enteric CH4 production by up to 30%. Asparagopsis taxiformis has proven to be a potent enteric CH4 inhibitor without affecting milk yield or nutrient utilization. However, there are some concerns that feeding seaweed to ruminants may lead to a spike in milk and/or meat bromoform content with potential implications for consumer health. The purpose of this review is to examine the general findings of in vivo and in vitro studies showing the efficacy of 3-NOP and red macroalgae.
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) for 13 Gobio Species from Inland Waters
of Turkey
Authors: Gökçen ŞENYİĞİT; Rahşan Evren MAZLUM
Abstract: This study aims to determine some population parameters of Gobio species that are dispersed through Turkey. In this study, 468 individuals from 13 Gobio species located in Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Fisheries and Aquatic Faculty of Fisheries Museum were examined. Total lenght (TL), fork lenght (FL), standart lenght (SL) and weight (W) of individuals were measured. Lenght-weight and lenght-lenght relationships of 13 Gobio species were analyzed. The value of “b” of the lenght-weight relationships ranged from 2,732 (G. insuyanus) to 3,933 (G. bulgaricus). Growth was found as positive allometric for G. artvinicus (P
PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
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