 Subjects -> ARCHITECTURE (Total: 219 journals)
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- Structural Performance of Topologically Interlocked Flat Vaults According
to Joint Details
Authors: Aybala Tuba Kurucu, Zeynep Yeşim İlerisoy
Pages: 1 - 11
Abstract: Although the notion of topological interlocking (TI) is not new, today's environment of parametric design tools encourages architects and engineers to reconsider the potential of TI systems and alternative geometries for TI blocks. This paper aims to generate alternatives for TI blocks by increasing the contact surface area of interlocking using X-joints to demonstrate the relationship between contact surface incrementation and structural performance of slab-like TI assemblies. A case study is presented in which two flat vaults with dimensions of 50 × 50 cm were designed using truncated octahedra and a new geometry based on X-joints added to the truncated octahedra. Each flat vault was subjected to a finite element analysis using SimScale to compare structural performances using displacement and von Mises stress maps. According to the findings, there was a 74.7% improvement in displacement and 76.8% reduction in von Mises stresses. Another analysis was conducted over a seven-element system by applying force to the centre element to measure the results on a single element. Results indicated a 41.7% improvement in displacement and a 39% reduction in von Mises stresses. The improved structural performance was demonstrated through these two-stage evaluations.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.19509
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- Architectural Design Method Suggestion with Machine Learning Technologies
Based on Voronoi Diagram Principle
Authors: Tuğçe Çelik
Pages: 12 - 28
Abstract: Today, computer and new art themes are important resources that can reflect its own logic to architectural design inputs and architectural products by opening new horizons in architectural concepts. The fact that art, and therefore architecture, has started to benefit from digital technologies that change the boundaries of life and can be produced with digital media tools, creates a new conceptual discussion and application environment open to development, transformation and experimentation. In the literature, many theories have been produced on the development of digital art, architecture and technology. However, studies should be conducted on the effective/possible methods in architectural design such as digital technologies and digital arts, interactive/text-based artificial intelligence interfaces, and how these methods will transform and change architectural design and architectural identity. With the creation of the architectural form through text-based artificial intelligence interfaces, a new design and production process is envisaged for the discipline of architecture with its possibilities such as autonomous and rapid alternative generation according to various contexts. In this study, architectural plan and form experiments were carried out with the principle of Voronoi diagram, which is a productive and algorithmic system with text-based artificial intelligence interfaces. In this context, it would not be wrong to say that the Voronoi diagram is fractal representations for the resulting products obtained in a fast and autonomous process with multiple alternatives. Architecture, which is in a constant transformation depending on time, technologies and users, will seek a new aesthetic with new production and expression techniques.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.21643
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- Physical Characteristics Influencing Space Usage and Pedestrian Behaviour
in Public Space
Authors: Valentina Fesenko, Árpád Szabó
Pages: 29 - 36
Abstract: Analyzing pedestrian movement in urban spaces contributes to understanding how these spaces function. In this study it is revealed by investigating the key questions: (1) From where do the main pedestrian flows come' (2) How does the pedestrian movement depend on the depth of view and spatial situation'
A visual programming platform and a geographic information system software, namely Grasshopper and QGIS, are used for this analysis which has numerous plug-ins for assessing spatial arrangements. Personal observation helps to understand how to do the analysis correctly and, simultaneously validate the result of the software calculations.
The location of the case study, Dunaújváros, is a major Hungarian city, mainly developed during Socialism. Its historical background explains the transformation related to public spaces’ usage in the city.
As a result of the analysis, the main features and problems of the Városháza square in Dunaújváros are determined, and possible solutions are offered for its improvement. More importantly, the existing methodologies for public space assessments were developed further by including the effects of pedestrian behaviour, which can be used for evaluating any other public space.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.20840
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- Integrating Digital and Manual Modes of Design
Authors: Uğur Efe Uçar, Gözde Gökdemir, Orkan Zeynel Güzelci, Ervin Garip
Pages: 37 - 49
Abstract: This study describes a teaching experience that aims to combine application-oriented approaches to computational design pedagogy. In the scope of this study, a hybrid framework is presented, which allows students to transition from manual to digital modes of design. In this transition, parametric thinking and design are selected as a mediator. This hybrid framework is being tested in an elective course of an international master's program in interior design. Columns are selected as the architectural elements for parametric design and experimental production. An "exhibition" is chosen to complete the design, production and assembly tasks. Preliminary exercises and three main assignments guide the process. The three assignments are organized as follows: parametric design and modeling of a single column (Assignment 1-Digital), parametric design and modeling of a family of columns (Assignment 2-Digital), the materialization of an individual column and a family of columns using 3D printers (Assignment 1 and 2-Digital+Manual), and designing the exhibition for displaying columns (Assignment 3-Digital+Manual), producing and setting up the exhibition (Assignment 3-Manual). The experiment with a hybrid framework shows that parametric design (digital) modes that students were unfamiliar with were integrated into the process of developing parametric columns, while exhibiting designed products using their existing skill sets (manual modes). The participants' inability to fully illustrate their technical knowledge of parametric design and digital fabrication in a single course, and the lack of tools and materials to facilitate 1:1 scale digital fabrication have emerged as the major limitations of the teaching experience.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.21353
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- Characteristics of Housing in Darkale Rural Settlement, Soma, Manisa
Authors: Ayşen Etlacakuş, Mine Hamamcıoğlu Turan
Pages: 50 - 62
Abstract: Darkale of Soma, Manisa is a historical rural settlement in Western Anatolia. The aim of this paper is to identify the characteristics of Darkale houses and to present a typology based on their authentic architectural characteristics. The method is evaluation of the housing units with the tools of the discipline of architectural conservation. The characteristics evaluated are the lot size and organization, unit-neighbor relations, storey system, spatial organization, construction technique, and material usage. The houses are representatives of the "Hayat house" typology that has been used for centuries in Anatolia. However, the presence of limited courtyards, possibility of houses composed of a single building mass, the partial carving of the units into the hillside, possibility of single storied units and the relation of housing with each other in all three dimensions, and streets continuing throughout the house masses in form of passages differentiate Darkale houses from the other Hayat houses. In addition, the continuing of the maintenance of housing units with traditional materials and techniques; weaving, cuisine tradition, winter food preparation such as pomegranate juice making, olive oil soap production and their storage, domestic fowl raising on the ground floor and courtyards of the houses are intangible qualities of Darkale. The major conservation problems of Darkale houses are abandonment, the functional transformation of spaces and usage of contemporary techniques and materials in the physical interventions.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.21161
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- A Bibliometric Analysis on Life Cycle Assessment of Bricks
Authors: Yusuf Esidir, Arzuhan Burcu Gültekin
Pages: 63 - 72
Abstract: Conventional production methods used in the production process of bricks as a building material causes several impacts on the environment and climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions and waste generation. The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is used to determine a material's carbon footprint from cradle to grave, including all production processes from the extraction of raw materials to the disposal of waste materials or re-use of recycled materials. It is important to examine the energy and material flow of the product using the LCA methodology to develop sustainable solutions in the production processes of brick material. This preliminary study aims to review existing LCA approaches about bricks, obtain bibliometric data from the published papers that include the analysis of the life cycle of bricks, and form a basis for the main study by analyzing literature data. Within the scope of this study, the bibliometric analysis method is used to examine available literature about the LCA of bricks, research gaps are investigated, and bibliometric mapping is implemented using several co-occurrences such as authorship, publication years, countries, keywords, etc. Web of Science and Scopus databases are used for bibliometric mapping. The results of the study show that it is an emerging research topic mostly studied in the context of environmental sciences, engineering, and technology that needs further research, especially in Turkey. Also, this topic is generally covered with and related to building materials, sustainability, waste management, biosolids, carbon emission, environmental impacts, recycling, and circular economy.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.21399
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
- A Self-contained Stellar Vault Construction Method. The Vault of the
Matthias Oratorio in the Inner City Parish Church of Budapest
Authors: Eszter Jobbik, János Krähling
Pages: 73 - 85
Abstract: In the present study, we analysed the laser-scanned point cloud of the stellar vault of the Inner City Parish Church of Budapest's Matthias oratorio. Our analysis concerned the global geometry of the rib network, as well as the webbing. During the study of the rib system, we reconstructed a probable construction method of the late 15th – early 16th-century vault, which seems to be a self-contained construction system in regard to the rib system's plan, the height of the junction points and the curvature of the individual ribs. We found, that to the latter the widely known "Prinzipalbogen" theory applies, however, the "theory of the longest route", which is often mentioned together with the former, most likely was not used. Mapping the webbing and the ribs allowed us to examine the building technique of the webs too.
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3311/PPar.21454
Issue No: Vol. 54, No. 1 (2023)
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