Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban studies, as a field of research, often encounter a certain strictness in determining precise concept definitions. This latter represents the epistemological underpinnings which are considered as the base of their theoretical foundation. Such difficulty in pinpointing an accurate definition is particularly evident in the varying terminology used to describe urban phenomena, ranging from terms like “mutation”, “change”, “transformation”, “gentrification”, and “transition”. Each term carries its own nuances and implications, reflecting the diverse perspectives within the field. In this context, the primary objective of this paper is to evaluate scientific publications within the realm of urban studies to conduct a comprehensive analysis, assessing the frequency and contextual significance of the aforementioned terms in articles about urban mutations. METHODS: The article framework involved conducting a bibliometric review of the literature using the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” framework. The first 5595 documents were identified in the Scopus database. After a process of inclusion and exclusion, only 1768 articles spanning from 1981 to 2023 were extracted. These data were then processed using CiteSpace to analyze cooperative networks. This analysis encompasses three key dimensions: Citation, Co-citation, and Co-occurrence.FINDINGS: Few authors used bibliometrics to address urban mutations comprising only 32 articles, published between 2016 and 2023. The citation analysis revealed Salvati Luca as the most co-cited author, and the United Kingdom as a top contributing country with 287 citations and a centrality value of 0.35. Furthermore, the co-citation analysis ranked the cluster labeled “Urban Change” at the top with 501 citations and 0.917 for silhouette. Meanwhile, the most frequently co-cited journal is “Urban Studies”, boasting 602 co-citations. For the co-occurrences, the term “Urban Change” ranked second in strength burst (35.13), and first in centrality (0.41). The term “Urban Transformation” holds the 19th position with a centrality score of 0.05. However, this latter ranks 3rd in the classification by citation (384). “Urban Change”, then, comes in at the 5th position with 211 citations. The term “Urban Mutation” did not appear in any analysis. “Urban Change” and “Urban Transformation” stand out as the most commonly used. Most references are cited in English.CONCLUSION: Scientometric analysis is essential for identifying potential correlations within the literature. This helps urban studies utilize discipline-specific terminology, thereby ensuring the rigor and integrity of its concepts. Moreover, this study could be used for other comparisons with different databases, such as Web of Science, Dimensions, and PubMed
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neighborhoods’ public realms get their sustainability from the presence of residents but the COVID-19 pandemic restricted the attendance of people. Hence, in light of the social capital paradigm may be revitalized the public realms. Adopting the approach of social capital and its components namely: social interaction, social participation, and spatial equity can improve the socio-physical characteristics of public realms during the outbreak of COVID-19. The extant study was conducted to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on public realms of neighborhoods from the point of view of architecture and urbanism experts based on the components of social capital. This study aims to achieve strategies for planning and designing public realms by considering the COVID-19 condition, through which public spaces can be promoted in socio-physical dimensions.
METHODS: This research was quantitative with an inferential approach. The evaluation of 128 different nation scholars has been analyzed with an inferential approach and exploited LISREL8.8 and SPSS23 for their analysis.
FINDINGS: Findings indicate that the indicators of social interaction (Sig. <0.359) and spatial equity (Sig. <0.174) from most experts' views have the same structure and have a significant impact on the public realms of neighborhoods according to the pandemic. Moreover, there is a substantial difference in the social participation (Sig. >0.022) indicators between the two groups of experts.
CONCLUSION: Re-programming activity and restructuring physical (social interaction) developing and expanding green and open spaces and physical and functional flexibility (spatial equity) are the most important indicators for promoting public realms.
Abstract: The adoption of sustainable development goals by the United Nations in 2015 has led to an increasing focus on sustainable development and green practices among academics and private industry professionals. This study aims to explore the research landscape of "Green Human Resource Management” and "sustainable development". Despite the increasing attention in recent years, the field remains in its infancy. To gain insights, five research questions were formulated and addressed using descriptive and network analyses. Applying descriptive statistics reveals that the fields of research on "sustainable development" and " Green Human Resource Management " encompass eight different subject areas, indicating the multifaceted and expansive nature of these subjects. Beyond 2020, a noteworthy rising trend in publications is noted. Having contributed 22 articles since the field's inception, the Journal of Cleaner Production stands out as a major publication source. Developing nations such as Malaysia, China, and India are leading in research contributions, indicating a strong inclination towards sustainable practices. Brazil stands out with the highest citation count, attributed to its significant environmental challenges. Network analysis identifies prominent themes and their interconnections. Thematic evolution analysis shows substantial growth in literature from 2015 to 2023, with organizational sustainable performance and supply chain management emerging as significant themes in recent years. Notably, authors Jabbour CJC, De Sousa Jabbour, and Latan H. are highlighted for their prolific contributions, particularly in the early stages of ``Green Human Resource Management’’ and ‘’sustainable development’’ literature. This study provides valuable insights for management professionals and researchers by highlighting influential articles, authors, sources, countries, and affiliations. It is a comprehensive reference for understanding the evolving landscape of Green Human Resource Management and sustainable development literature. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for continuous research and collaboration to address environmental challenges and promote sustainable business practices globally.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A grasp of economic development is essential to comprehending policies and initiatives that support industrialization and the fight against poverty. It can assist in identifying areas for additional investment and growth and serve as a guide for planning, carrying out, and assessing economic development efforts. Bumiputera entrepreneurs encounter many obstacles to market accessibility, restricted financial means, and insufficient supplier networks, which may impede the expansion and prosperity of their businesses. The utilization of technology is essential in mitigating these shortcomings, allowing Bumiputera entrepreneurs to surmount obstacles and attain enduring prosperity in the aluminum sector. Entrepreneurs can create strong supplier networks, maximize the use of financial resources, and improve market access by utilizing technology. The purpose of this research is to examine how technology applications might mitigate the limitations of market access, financial resources, and supplier resources that impede the success of Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the aluminum sector. The growth and profitability of Bumiputera businesses can be inhibited by several obstacles, including restricted supplier networks, insufficient financial resources, and difficulty accessing markets.
METHODS: The quantitative research approaches and methods can help provide a comprehensive understanding of the mediating effect of technology in enhancing market, finance, and supplier resource weaknesses for the success of Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the aluminum industry. An explanatory research design is a type of research design that focuses on the variables that determine the mediating effect of relationships and explains the causes and effects of the variables defining the phenomenon to be studied. The data was analyzed using SMART PLS3. The study was conducted specifically on Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the aluminum industry. Data from the Bumiputera aluminum industry was gathered through purposive sampling. As a minimal 75 sample size, a total of 80 questionnaires were distributed to Bumiputera respondents who have been working in the Malaysian aluminum industry. As a response, a 93.75% rate was achieved, and we dedicated a week in May 2023 to data collection.
FINDINGS: Out of ten (10) hypotheses, only six (6) were valid, while the remaining four were ruled out. The recent high cases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 have had an impact on them. The findings of this study contribute to the academic literature by highlighting the importance of technology in facilitating the success of Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the aluminum sector.
CONCLUSION: The study empirically confirms and conceptually proves that the policies of industry associations and organizations (“Skim Jaminan Modal Kerja—Bumiputera”, the “Business Act 1956, and the Financial Procedure Act 1957) can advocate for policies that support Bumiputera entrepreneurs in accessing technology and improving their market access, financial resources, and supplier resources. The key technologies and strategies that help these entrepreneurs build thriving businesses offer recommendations for policymakers, business leaders, and entrepreneurs to support and promote success among this essential group of entrepreneurs. By lobbying for supportive policies, the industry can create an enabling environment for Bumiputera entrepreneurs to leverage technology effectively and overcome their weaknesses.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Workplace deviant behavior, as a manifestation of employee conduct, can exert adverse effects on an organization, posing challenges to its overall functioning and well-being. Understanding the underlying mechanism is essential in offering insights to enhance risk mitigation and promote a positive organizational culture for sustained success. Therefore, the study on workplace deviant behavior is important because it addresses both practical and theoretical concerns crucial for organizations' functioning and success. Additionally, it helps in understanding the dynamics of employee behavior, developing effective management strategies, and promoting a productive and ethical workplace environment. The novelty and originality of this research lie in its integration of these three variables to understand their combined impact on workplace deviant behavior. This approach provides a more detailed and nuanced understanding of the factors contributing to deviant behavior, allowing for more effective mitigation strategies.
METHODS: This study aims to examine the impact of employee personality, organizational culture, and perceived organizational support on workplace deviant behavior among 370 employees at Human Development Agencies in Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.
FINDINGS: The results showed a significant negative correlation between employee personality traits, such as extraversion (t-value = -2.400, ρ-value = 0.019, ρ < 0.05) and agreeableness (t-value = -2.170, ρ-value = 0.034, ρ < 0.05), and organizational culture (t-value = -2.386, ρ-value = 0.020, ρ < 0.05). However, perceived organizational support only moderates organizational culture's influence on workplace deviant behavior, not employee personality traits. The study suggests strategies to prevent and mitigate its negative effects on organizations.
CONCLUSION: The study recommends the implementation of conducive policies and practices to efficiently handle these behaviors. Moreover, this study enhances comprehension of workplace deviant behavior and provides pragmatic suggestions for effectively managing and averting such conduct within organizations. This highlights the significance of creating supportive policies and practices that specifically address organizational culture and support mechanisms to effectively reduce workplace deviant behavior.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The emotional expression of feelings and the satisfaction of social needs are two primary purposes of many communication interactions in an organization. As a universal aspect of human interaction, the apology has sparked great interest in its study across a wide range of disciplines. However, the human resources apology has not been involved integrally in the context of organizational communication. Therefore, the research question is, what are the dynamics of human resources apology in organizational communication in Iran'
METHODS: This was a qualitative study conducted using grounded theory. The research was conducted, and sampling was theoretical in municipalities in Iran. For data collection, semi-structured in-depth interviews with the 5W1H technique were conducted with 13 managers, who respond to citizens’ requests in the central building of municipalities in Iranian provinces. The researched community comprises human resource managers with at least five years of beneficial work experience in the municipality and relevant knowledge of apology. Targeted sampling has been done based on the researcher’s considerations.
FINDINGS: The analysis of the interviews resulted in a set of fundamental topics collected during the open coding process. Sixteen categories were extracted from these fundamental topics. Then, in the axial coding stage, the link between these categories was determined under the following headings causal conditions, core category, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of human resources apology in the form of an axial coding paradigm. In the present study, data analysis was performed using ATLAS. ti software version 8 in three stages of primary, central, and selective coding, which resulted in the identification of 5 categories, 15 central concepts, and 126 final codes.
CONCLUSION: The developed process model provides a comprehensive understanding of the human resources apology process in municipalities in Iran. The study highlights the importance of conflict management, individual behavior, motivation, audience strength, acceptability, apology graph, apology method, audience identity, communication quality, patience, and incompatibility in the human resources apology process.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Noise pollution is an environmental stressor that is mainly caused due to heavy transportation in urban scenarios. Traffic noise is a growing concern in urban environments, impacting public health and well-being. As urbanization expands, understanding and mitigating traffic-induced noise annoyance becomes increasingly critical. This study aimed to develop a machine-learning model for predicting traffic-induced noise annoyance in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The research explored the influence of factors like demographics, noise characteristics, and traffic conditions on noise annoyance.
METHODS: A survey was conducted at 21 locations in Riyadh, collecting data from 928 participants. The survey included questions on demographics (gender, age, education, marital status, profession), traffic conditions (traffic flow), and noise perception (transportation noise, noise sensitivity, perceived noisiness). The sampling method employed was a combination of stratified and random sampling. Stratified sampling was used to ensure that various demographic segments (e.g., different age groups, genders, and education levels) were proportionately represented in the survey. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the collected data and identify factors significantly affecting noise annoyance. These significant factors were then used as input variables for a Support Vector Machine model designed to predict noise annoyance. The performance of the Support Vector Machine model was evaluated using Root Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error, and R-squared.
FINDINGS: The Structural Equation Model analysis revealed that gender, age, education level, traffic flow, noise from traffic, and individual noise sensitivity were significant contributors to noise annoyance. The developed Support Vector Machine model achieved a high level of accuracy with a root mean square error of 1.416 and a coefficient of determination of 0.90. Noise sensitivity emerged as the most crucial factor influencing noise annoyance.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning, specifically the Support Vector Machine, in predicting traffic-induced noise annoyance. The findings highlight the importance of both individual characteristics and environmental factors in noise perception and can be valuable for urban planning and noise mitigation strategies, promoting a more noise-resilient city environment. For the community, urban planners and policymakers can use these findings to design silent areas by implementing noise barriers, optimizing traffic flow, and enforcing stricter noise regulations.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Freshwater is a scarce resource, constituting only 2.5% of Earth's total water. Approximately 90% of freshwater is concentrated near the South Pole of the Antarctic Circle, exacerbating its scarcity for living organisms. Industries such as pharmaceuticals, textiles, food production, and agriculture rely heavily on monthly freshwater supplies for their operations. Proper disposal of wastewater from these sectors is imperative to meet environmental standards. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of reverse osmosis systems in treating well water for human consumption, examine the possibility of reusing reverse osmosis treated wastewater, and assess the feasibility of reducing freshwater consumption and wastewater generation.
METHODS: The study used the qualitative and quantitative data obtained in 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023 from the manufacturing industry in Guayama, Puerto Rico. Statistical analysis was confidently conducted using the Paired T-Test and Pearson correlation tests, with Minitab Statistical Software (Version 21.1.0) utilized for statistical analysis.
FINDINGS: The results of this study showed that reverse osmosis is an effective system for treating well water for human use and enabling the reuse of wastewater after treatment. A total of 2,397,000 gallons of wastewater were treated and reused for cooling towers and boilers, representing the same amount of freshwater conserved and wastewater not discharged into the sewer system. The metrics analyzed were total organic carbon, conductivity, nitrate levels, and total aerobic microbial population. Total organic carbon in the samples ranged from 3 to 29 ppb. Conductivity was between 0.3 μS/CM and 1.0 μS/CM. Nitrate levels were all under 0.2 ppm (0.2 mg/l). Total aerobic bacteria counts were 0 cfu per milliliter. Regarding the feasibility of reusing wastewater post-reverse osmosis treatment, the findings showed decreased levels of anions and cations in the treated wastewater. Additionally, all reverse osmosis-treated well water samples tested in 2022 met the quality control laboratory criteria.
CONCLUSION: The study confirms that the reverse osmosis system effectively purifies well water for human use and demonstrates the potential for repurposing treated wastewater. Furthermore, 2,397,000 gallons of treated wastewater were repurposed for cooling towers and boilers, conserving freshwater resources, and preventing the discharge of an equivalent volume of wastewater into the sewer system.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the impact of demographic factors and skill enhancements on salary increments at Guangzhou Wangming Water Joy Design Co., Ltd., a leading Chinese company in the water park equipment sector using Light-Resin Transfer Molding technology. It aims to propose targeted strategies for boosting employee welfare and enhancing the company's competitive edge and organizational success.
METHODS: Employing a quantitative descriptive research approach, the study collected data through survey questionnaires from 224 employees, including 196 teachers and 28 supervisors. The analysis involved calculating percentages and frequencies to describe respondent demographics and using weighted means to assess factors influencing salary increments and employee welfare.
FINDINGS: Founded in 2006 and now operating in over 30 countries, the company demonstrates a significant global presence. Workforce analysis revealed a predominantly male demographic (63.33%) and a significant concentration of employees aged 36-45 years (83.33%), indicative of a mature and experienced employee base. Crucially, skill enhancement correlated strongly with salary progression, and structured professional development was linked to high employee satisfaction. Key measures included a mean satisfaction rating of 4.15 for work-life balance initiatives and a mean effectiveness rating of 4.20 for training programs.
CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, it is recommended that the company integrate historical narratives into employee training programs to foster organizational pride and loyalty. Furthermore, expanding diversity and inclusion efforts, emphasizing continuous learning, enhancing welfare programs, and instituting adaptive feedback mechanisms are essential for addressing the complexities of employee demographics and improving salary increment practices. These strategies are vital for promoting employee welfare and reinforcing the company's competitive stance in the global market.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: One of the most challenging aspects of city living is traffic congestion. The multitude of vehicular modes and their sheer volume coupled with inadequate road infrastructure unable to keep up with the escalated travel demand of Kolkata is a major cause of concern. Recognizing the significant toll on commuters' time and health, the research aims to identify the root causes of congestion across fifteen selected Traffic Intersection Points, explore its multifaceted impacts on the environment, economy, and society, and propose solutions to alleviate this pressing issue effectively.METHODS: This study employed a mixed-method approach. An on-site survey with 375 regular commuters in Kolkata was conducted, utilizing questionnaires and focus group discussions. The survey gathered data on travel patterns, socio-demographic information, and perceptions of traffic congestion. The Garrett Ranking method and Relative Importance Index (RII) were employed to evaluate the significance of various contributing factors, their impact on commuters, and potential solutions. Statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 26 complemented the data analysis, with cartographic visualizations providing spatial insights. Additionally, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test validated the differences in travel times during congested and free-flowing traffic conditions.FINDINGS: The results revealed that the commuters’ average daily travel delay owing to congestion is approximately 17 minutes. Utilizing Garrett score ratings, the most significant obstacles to smooth traffic flow were identified as intersectional conflicts (66.19) and curbside parking (64.75).Following the same methodology, increased reliance on personalized vehicles (69.87) and encroached road space (64.3) were attributed to rush hour saturation, whereas political rallies (71.36) and demonstrations (59.74) contributed to unprecedented incidents. Work schedule disruptions and hearing anomalies were the most common offshoots of this hazard. Relative Importance Index (RII) scores highlighted the consensus among commuters emphasizing the economic, environmental, and social impact of congestion, with particular emphasis on enhanced fuel consumption (RII=1), decreased economic opportunities (RII=0.96), worsened pollution levels (RII=0.91), and reduced family time (RII=0.93). Congestion pricing (RII=0.88) and ride-sharing (RII=0.87) emerged as themost viable strategies to mitigate congestion. Furthermore, Garrett ratings indicated training of drivers (63.74) and road users (61.03) along with parking management (63.51) to be the most desired areas of improvisation suggested.CONCLUSION: Implementing the ‘Avoid, Shift, Improve’ framework in conjunction with a 'people-first' mentality would encourage sustainable urban living by placing a premium on public transport, land use planning, and technological improvements to reduce traffic congestion and enhance commuter well-being in Kolkata.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Analyzing the flood scenario can help identify opportunities and difficulties for enhancing urban catastrophe management procedures and creating more resilient cities facing environmental threats like climate change. The primary goals of the case study were to summarize the key elements of the flood incidents in India between 2000 and 2016 and discuss the 2023 flood scenario in Chennai. This study also suggested technological interventions to ensure preparedness innovatively and recommended a strategic plan to address the issue that would evolve the involvement of all stakeholders in disaster management. METHODS: A flood disaster analysis was based on meta-analytic and visualization methods. The factors contributing to effective mitigation for such unexpected and unforeseen happenings were considered for elaborate discussion and highlighted in this study. The urban development initiatives and their impact, especially during flood occurrences, were kept for discussion and analysis. The methodology is more qualitative, with references as the basis of analysis and further discussion. The meta-analytic approach ensures to cover all the frames of references that are notable from the perspective of contributing to urban development since urban areas contribute a lot to a nation’s economic growth and other developmental aspects.FINDINGS: The meta-analytic review of the case study contributes to the overall 75 percent of the cases by focusing on governance-level initiatives, precautionary measures, and post-situational steps that were taken to mitigate the issue in a congenial manner. This study identified the consequences and factors that contributed to such occurrences, primarily due to certain factors relevant to urbanization and encroachment effects, as well as other contributing factors that were found common in all occurrences. A framework or model used in this study for urban recovery was also formulated by the authors of this study.CONCLUSION: These findings enable those strategic decision-makers to support the facts of such occurrences (especially in suburbs or urban areas) or any other incidents of disaster or crisis with crucial information that would pave the way for effective management of incidences and also help in framing policies with developmental perspectives in place while planning to convert suburbs to urban development shortly. The finding of the study supports the gap in overall studies based on flood occurrences and suitable remedies as well.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the context of global challenges and local conflicts, the sustainable development of united territorial communities took on special importance. Amid military conflict, united territorial communities encountered numerous economic, social, and environmental problems. This research builds on resilience and sustainable development theories and proposes that with appropriate support, united territorial communities can evolve into hubs of innovation and entrepreneurship even under conditions of conflict. The study necessitated the creation of strategies and programs for sustainable development and adaptation to new conditions, positing that united territorial communities, with proper development and support, could harness these challenges to foster significant entrepreneurial and innovative activities. The study’s objective was to analyze the potential of united territorial communities for innovation and sustainable development in conflict conditions and to develop recommendations for supporting entrepreneurship and infrastructure development.METHODS: To achieve the objective, a variety of methods were utilized, including multi-regression, multifactor, correlational, and comparative analysis. All analyses were carried out using STATISTICA software (version 13).FINDINGS: The research results confirmed the hypotheses, indicating the significant potential of united territorial communities for initiating innovative projects and developing entrepreneurial initiatives. Specifically, it was discovered that the level of institutional capability and sustainable development could increase by 43.7% with the integration of effective support programs. Crucial elements impacting sustainability were pinpointed, with investments in environmental projects showing an 85% variance, socio-demographic stability exhibiting a 92.8% variance, and the development and implementation of programs for small and medium-sized business development reflecting a 92.9% variance. This demonstrated the potential for enhancing the budget efficiency of territorial communities by up to 56.4%, representing a substantial incentive for recovery and progress in the post-conflict period.CONCLUSION: Recommendations included developing targeted programs to support innovations in the agricultural sector, tourism, and eco-initiatives, which could catalyze attracting investments and improve the quality of life in territorial communities. The importance of integrating modern technologies, supporting local entrepreneurship, and developing infrastructure were key elements for the sustainable development of united territorial communities in conflict conditions. The developed recommendations could facilitate the formation of effective development strategies for territorial communities.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The current organizational environment, extreme competition, and rapid change in the working environment have increased the motivation of researchers to identify important variables that can help organizations to be competitive to overcome these challenges. Therefore, this article examines how immediate superiors use different managerial coaching, namely guidance coaching and facilitate coaching, to regulate the practice and behavior of employees. In addition, this study examines workplace motivation medium as the mediator of the relationship between managerial coaching and employees’ expertise.METHODS: The cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data from 500 employees across various policy-making agencies in Malaysia. The sample size was determined using the Raosoft formula, and 473 employees were selected using this technique. SmartPLS software was used to evaluate the measurement and structural models. This software is capable of analyzing complex study models.FINDINGS: The results of mediating structural equation modeling show two findings. First, guidance indirectly relates to employees' expertise, mediated by workplace motivation (β=0.169; t=4.683; p=0.000). Second, facilitation coaching is indirectly associated with employees' expertise, mediated by workplace motivation (β=0.167; t=3.926; p=0.000). This finding reports that a leader's ability to demonstrate managerial coaching (e.g., guidance and facilitation coaching) can enhance an employee's expertise. Consequently, this positive situation can increase employees' expertise, including practicing good attitudes, adapting to tasks, and understanding the organization's objectives and tasks, within the studied organization.CONCLUSION: The findings have recognized that facilitating coaching is a crucial managerial problem organizations must solve. Therefore, for practical contribution, organizations should establish an effective selection system based on coaching instruments to recruit leaders who already have coaching ability externally and promote potential employees as coaches internally. Other than that, organizations can provide or support formal training and education programs to help leaders become effective coaches in the future.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the structure of growing publications on Islamic leadership and its contribution to organizational effectiveness and long-term success using bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer. The sample population comprised all publications of the Scopus database from 2010 to 2023. In addition, a total of 244 publications were selected for bibliometric analysis and visualization, including original study articles, book chapters, reviews, conference papers, and other forms of literature written in English. The results showed the presence of three clusters, namely red (Indonesia, Malaysia, Egypt, and United Arab Emirates), green (United States, Iraq, Syrian Arab Republic, and Turkey), and blue (Iran, Israel, and China). These clusters represented regional cooperation in the exploration of Islamic leadership publications and their implications for organizational development. The results also showed that Islamic leadership was most commonly applied in education, psychology, community and health care, school, and government sectors. In addition, it was shown to be frequently related to trust, job performance, motivation, decision-making, job satisfaction, and empowerment. Islamic leadership placed great emphasis on motivation and job performance, as it ultimately recognized the importance of productive and purposeful work in employees' lives and society's overall well-being. Based on these results, Islamic leadership supported employees in achieving healthy work-life integration by encouraging time for family, worship of Allah (the God), and personal well-being.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The manufacturing industry is the foundation of the Malaysian economy. The manufacturing industry in Malaysia is diverse, but it has consistently demonstrated superiority in several industries, including semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, medical technology, oil and gas, and the processing and management of palm oil and rubber. Businesses may find themselves in a very hazardous situation if their employees are dissatisfied. Improving employee performance can help an organization increase its production volume and productivity. A lack of worker satisfaction can lead to disinterest and an inability to achieve specific goals. When new employees notice a pay disparity, dissatisfaction, disengagement, and disloyalty arise. It happens when workers believe they are being mistreated or unfairly treated. Businesses must prioritize the well-being of their employees because it is more important to retain them than to let them go. To remain competitive, the organization must keep qualified or competent staff motivated. The study aims to determine the mediating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between wages, appreciation, recognition, and promotion on employee performance among employees at a multinational semiconductor company in Melaka. METHODS: For this investigation, the quantitative method was used to analyze information using partial least squares structural equation modeling. This study's sample size is 137, based on the partial least squares structural equation modeling sample size recommendation for an 80% statistical power. Employees of multinational semiconductor companies in Melaka received 142 questionnaires. The partial least squares structural equation modeling sample size table determines the sample size in this study, which combines convenience and nonprobability sampling. The relationship between the variables is determined through hypothesis testing. partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.FINDINGS: As a result, all eleven hypotheses were evaluated based on the variables - wages, appreciation, recognition, promotion, and job satisfaction have a positive and significant relationship with employee performance. The hypotheses have been accepted with a p-value ranging from 0.005 to 0.048. For direct relationship, the hypothesis from 1-7, there is a positive correlation (t = 2.993 to t=4.521, p ≤ 0.005) between wages, appreciation, recognition, promotion, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Therefore, hypotheses 8-11 show an indirect relationship (mediating effect) that positive correlation with a significant p-value of 0.010 to 0.048 between an independent variable (wages, appreciation, recognition, and promotion), mediating variable (job satisfaction), and dependent variable (employee performance).CONCLUSION: The study provides empirical evidence and conceptual proof that the establishment of policy recommendations derived from the findings should consider Malaysian legal regulations. The management by objectives policy was implemented to improve organizational performance by establishing well-defined goals that management and employees can agree on. The management by objectives approach is a technique for inspiring workers through constructive management techniques because the management objectives approach can increase communication between management and employees. As a result, the management strategy contributes to improving employees' wages, appreciation, recognition, promotion, job satisfaction, and performance.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In urban conditions, traffic flows are equipped with various types of braking devices operating in an aperiodic cyclic braking mode with a high surface-volume temperature of their friction pairs. Theoretical and experimental studies of hydrogen wear of movable and stationary joints at variable electrical surface-volume temperatures and equivalent stresses caused by pulsed specific loads, contributing to the emergence of gradients, made it possible to establish the following: positive and negative values of the heat of transfer correspond to forces directed, towards more cold or warmer parts of the product. Hydrogen moves in the metal friction element to its more heated section. Due to the mutual mass transfer of materials of friction pairs, the sign of their polarity changes, and negatively charged external hydrogen enhances the negative electronic field of the metal friction element, and as a result, leads to intensive wear of pairs of friction elements of the brakes. The purpose of the article is to assess the electron-ion interaction during hydrogen wear on the working surfaces of metal friction elements of friction pairs of brake devices.Methods: The data was obtained on a model disc, drum, and band-shoe brake and processed using a computer program package. As a result, graphical dependences of the main parameters of the brakes on the duration of hydrogenation were obtained.FINDINGS: The research results have shown that the described main stages of hydrogen wear and destruction of a metal friction element during electrothermal-mechanical friction, as well as the influence of dislocation and double electrical layers in brake friction pairs, will be able to justify the choice of ways and methods to suppress hydrogenation and prevent the destruction of surfaces and, as a result, reduce hydrogen wear by 15% and improve the performance parameters of brake pairs by 10%.CONCLUSION: This study examined the factors affecting the wear of metal brake friction elements of urban infrastructure vehicles. Empirical results have shown that positive and negative heat transfer values correspond to forces directed, towards colder or warmer parts of the product. These results can provide important information to factory designers for more efficient development of friction pairs of friction units and researchers for further research and improvement of brake performance.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple organizational concepts are paramount in the workplace. Workplace Identity is one among them. It is a multidimensional concept that explores one's self-concept and understanding of their occupational roles. It is a concept of immense significance that directly impacts various organizational behavior aspects, such as job involvement, employee commitment, workplace learning, and stress management. The concept is indispensable for any individual as it helps tide over the pervasive uncertainties and tribulations in any organization. The Saudi economy is in a deep transition phase. It is all set to leap forward in terms of quality and quantity. Against this backdrop, if it is to face the multiple inherent challenges successfully, it requires a healthy band of the working class who are aware of and have a relatively high level of workplace identity. However, a fair review of the literature shows that scant evidence exists about the position of Workplace identity among the Saudi working class. The proposed study intends to fill this gap in the literature. The study intends to identify the level of the important concept of Workplace identity among the Saudi workforce- both male and female. It also intends to examine the relationship with human capital.METHODS: A quantitative research design was employed for the study. Data for the study was collected randomly from Saudi Arabia and India. 210 samples were from Saudi Arabia, and 248 were from India. Regression was employed to analyze the collected data using SPSS (version 22.0).FINDINGS: The study found that human capital contributes to workplace identity as the value of the F statistic was 15.978 which is significant. In addition, the results show that females have a higher workplace identity. The results also indicate significant differences (0.01 level) between the Indian and Saudi samples in all the factors and the overall workplace identity.CONCLUSION: The study provides inputs toward future directions in making the Saudi workforce competitive and dynamic. The study's findings, which are useful for academics and practitioners, are also expected to trigger further studies in this hitherto unexplored area of organizational behavior.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Street children are a global phenomenon affecting urban areas with varying degrees of severity. These vulnerable children face significant challenges, including the lack of basic rights, educational opportunities, and social integration. Substance use compounds their difficulties, often serving as a coping mechanism in their harsh environment. While existing research has predominantly focused on substance use among street children in Asia and Latin America, there is a notable gap in understanding within the African context, particularly in Nigeria. This study aims to address this gap by investigating substance usage patterns among street children in Nigeria. The objective is to inform the development of targeted interventions and policies to support street children better and address the underlying causes of substance use in their communities.METHODS: Accidental sampling was utilized to recruit 384 street children from nine Data Delineated Areas in three selected cities. Data collection involved the administration of interviewer-administered questionnaires, which gathered information on socio-economic characteristics, substance knowledge, and usage among street children. The collected data underwent analysis using frequency counts, chi-square tests, and binomial logistic regression.FINDINGS: The study found that the predominant substances used by street children were alcohol (60%), nicotine (40%), and cannabis (35%). Although addiction evidence was limited, the prevalence of multiple drug and substance use was notable. The binomial logistic regression results indicated that certain demographic and situational factors were associated with a decreased likelihood of drug use among street children. Specifically, children aged 4 to 10 years (90%, P = 0.000), females (80%, P = 0.000), school attendees (70%, P = 0.000), those spending fewer than 8 hours on the street (60%, P = 0.000), those sleeping at home (70%, P = 0.000), and those from relatively stable families (60%, P = 0.0001) were less likely to engage in drug use.CONCLUSION: The study underscores the importance of adopting a holistic approach to address substance use among street children. By aligning urban and regional planning with general recommendations, policymakers can address the interconnected social, economic, physical planning, and educational factors contributing to substance use. Through targeted interventions and policies, stakeholders can provide effective support to street children and mitigate substance use within their communities, ultimately improving their well-being and prospects for the future.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the intricate connections that exist between place attachment, urban development meanings, and acceptance in urban peripheral settlements. The research aims to gain a better understanding of how people perceive and respond to urban development scenarios in the periphery using the tripartite frameworks of place attachment and the disruption-response model.METHODS: Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this study examines people's perceptions and reactions to four hypothetical urban development scenarios by combining qualitative interviews with key participants and then quantitative surveys administered to 256 adult residents of selected peripheral settlements in the rapidly developing city of Malang, Indonesia.FINDINGS: The findings from the qualitative phase, reveal diverse dimensions shaping the meaning of urban development, encompassing economic, social, cultural, livelihood, and environmental impacts. The survey results' exploratory factor analysis reveals latent factors that capture diverse perspectives on development scenarios, from societal and environmental harm to economic modernization and advancement. The structural equation model reveals that place attachment emerges as a significant predictor of urban development scenario meanings, although the relationship varies across different scenarios. Furthermore, the level of acceptance of urban development scenarios mediates the relationship between place attachment and interpretations, influencing perceptions of economic, social, and environmental impacts. Subsequently, the implications of these findings for existing literature were discussed.CONCLUSION: This study fills a gap in the disruption-response model by illuminating the interpretation process and showcasing the interplay of place attachment, urban development meanings, and acceptance in peripheral city settlements. Limitations of the study were discussed, and future studies were proposed.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Given the new cost pressures, hybrid work models, and evolving needs of employees and customers, organizations are increasingly realizing the importance of digital workforce management practices and digital transformation in achieving success. This is especially critical for government organizations, including local governments, as digitalisation plays a crucial role in streamlining human resource activities, reducing costs, improving data management, and strengthening human resource management systems. As local governments strive to become more agile and adapt to changing needs and expectations, digitalization enables them to respond quickly and foster innovation. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of digital human resource management practices and digital transformation on the strength of the human resource management system, with a specific focus on the mediating role of digital task interdependence within the Tehran municipality.METHODS: The survey data was collected from 266 employees of the Tehran municipality using a simple random sampling technique. The collected data was then subjected to statistical analysis. University professors and local government experts confirmed the content validity of the survey instrument. To evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, this study utilized average variance extracted, Cronbach's alpha, and composite reliability, all of which produced satisfactory outcomes. The data analysis was carried out using Analysis of Moment Structures, and SPSS26 software.FINDINGS: The study emphasizes the importance of implementing digital human resources management practices and digital transformation to strengthen the human resource management system in Tehran municipality. This enables human resource processes to be faster, smarter, and more efficient. Additionally, the successful integration of both old and new human resource systems, along with the effective implementation of digitalization in Tehran municipality, relies on coordination and collaboration among employees through digital platforms.CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that the implementation of digital human resource management practices and the process of digital transformation can effectively enhance human resource management systems and align the activities of human resources with strategic objectives. By embracing digital transformation and adopting digital human resource management practices, organizations can elevate the significance of human resource management and effectively communicate their intentions to employees. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that digital task interdependence fosters collaboration and coordination among geographically dispersed employees, reducing communication costs and improving access to diverse knowledge sources. Consequently, this enhances the efficiency of municipal operations and decreases response times.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Achieving spatial-place justice in the distribution of urban services is a significant goal for urban planners. It involves ensuring fair and equitable access to resources and services in a physical space so that all individuals can benefit equally from the facilities and opportunities provided in that space. The unfair distribution of urban services has curtailed the presence of pedestrians and limited the daily mobility of citizens, making cities low-mobility environments. To address this issue, urban managers can identify local community issues, create equal opportunities, and promote public participation. By doing so, they can achieve spatial equity in local communities and provide opportunities for equality and justice. This research aims to investigate the relationship between the fair spatial-place distribution of urban services and the mobility of citizens in the Navid and Ab o Bargh areas of Mashhad.METHODS: This study utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate spatial justice. Data was collected using the spatial justice questionnaire based on the Likert scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Researchers assessed the questionnaire's reliability using Cronbach's alpha test and its validity using the content validity coefficient of the item formula. The researchers employed several statistical methods to explore the relationship and correlation between the components of spatial justice and mobility, prioritized the indicators of spatial justice by neighborhoods, and compared the prioritization of the components of spatial justice affecting mobility.FINDINGS: The results revealed a significant relationship between access to urban services and the mobility of citizens in the studied areas. As such, the positive correlation in the Ab o Bargh area was confirmed for all indicators (functional index (0.466), environmental indicator, (0.384) index aesthetic indicator (0.145). The results suggested a direct relationship between the balanced spatial distribution of urban services and enhanced mobility of citizens in the study area.CONCLUSION: Research results show a direct relationship between spatial justice and citizen mobility in the city. Spatial justice means the fair distribution of facilities and services between different urban areas and equal access to them by citizens. As a result, citizen mobility in the city is influenced by spatial justice. In other words, Inappropriate distribution of services in the city can cause social differences among citizens. The difference between privileged and underprivileged neighborhoods is in the amount of benefit from urban services. By improving the quality of research indicators in the form of policies and urban planning interventions in all neighborhoods, spatial justice can be realized.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Peri-urban land development is crucial to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal of equitable and sustainable urban areas. Fair land, infrastructure, and resource management improves land management services and reduces social and economic inequities. However, the peri-urban land management system has contributed to unequal rapid urbanisation in neighbouring regions. This study examines the complex relationships between peri-urban land development barriers in India. The goal is to understand how these barriers induce unequal urbanization transcending the city, resulting in uncontrolled growth, urban sprawl, and inadequate services in peri-urban areas. The main goal is to improve decision-making and promote fair peri-urban growth in Indian cities using a multi-criteria decision-making tool. This application gives experts a new perspective on peri-urban issues.METHODOLOGY: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted from 122 planners and academicians from north Indian cities using snowball sampling techniques. The study collects expert perspectives to create a causal map, using DEMATEL ISM method, classifying these barriers as "determinants or causes," "dependent barriers," "independent barriers," and "effects," presenting a new perspective on peri-urban development complexity. that depicts these roadblocks and highlights the most significant drivers impeding peri-urban land development.FINDINGS: Findings revealed four interdependent challenges as the leading ‘causes’ on the basis of DEMATEL Weight; Imprecise spatial policies with 0.10119, undemarcated land boundaries with 0.10082, weak institutions with 0.10003, and absence of planning regulations with 0.09945 weight. Within these barriers, addressing the governance capability and spatial policies would have a beneficial cascading effect on catering to other challenges. Findings have valuable insights for policymakers, aiding in the formulation and prioritization of effective policies and resource allocation.CONCLUSION: This study extensive analysis of causal linkages among Indian city peri-urban land development challenges. Beyond identifying barriers, it explains their causes, interdependencies, and hierarchical links. This study's holistic approach to peri-urban development issues and inventive barrier categorization and prioritisation make it distinctive.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The six sigma is a common methodology that has applied successfully in many organizations leading to sustainable performance improvements in products and services. However, the applied methodologies have not pay attention to Multi Criteria Decision Making models, clustering algorithm and Balance scorecard model. The purpose of this model is to apply the six-sigma methodology in Tehran Municipality and show how the Balance scorecard model, clustering algorithm, Analytic Hierarchy Process and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution can be applied in the methodology.METHODS: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improvement and Control as a common methodology of six sigma is applied in Tehran Municipality. Several unique elements that are exist in Tehran Municipality are identified and categorized based on the Balance scorecard model into indexes, goals and perspectives. Also, Analytic Hierarchy Process for weight extraction and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution for ranking are applied. The improvement strategies are created based on the six sigma tolerances.FINDINGS: The findings show that the methodology can be elevated by Balance scorecard, Analytic Hierarchy Process and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. This formulation is done and applied in Tehran Municipality and can be used in other organizations for conducting improvement strategies. Based on the arbitrary data, the best district of Tehran city is district 9 by 89.75% and the worst is district 18 by 10.12% score. Also, Wards and K-mean clustering algorithms and six sigma control limits are used to cluster the districts into superior, somehow superior, moderate, somehow inferior and inferior clusters based on their performance. CONCLUSION: This manuscript helps to understand the way of integration the methodology, Balance scorecard, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution and six sigma tolerances for sustainable improvement of Tehran Municipality. The proposed formulation can be used in any organization to reach to sustainable improvement.
Abstract: BACKGROUNS AND OBJECTIVES: Solar panels are always installed at an angle in which receive the maximum amount of energy. Small and even 1-degree changes in the angle of the installed panel have a significant impact on the annual energy received. The objective of this study was to study the evaluation of change in the sun's radiant energy on the surface perpendicular to the radiation during the day.METHODS: Calculations of changes in the intensity of radiation on the surface of the panel are generally performed by assuming that the intensity of solar radiation is constant on the surface perpendicular to the radiation during the day (choosing the solar constant) and multiplying it by the cosine of the azimuth angle (which varies during the day). Since the sun's rays travel different lengths in the atmosphere at different times of the day, the intensity of the sun's radiation on the surface perpendicular to the radiation varies throughout the day. In this study, the effect of daily changes in the intensity of solar radiation on the surface perpendicular to the radiation, on the optimal angle of the solar panel has been investigated.FINDING: The results showed that the daily optimal angle difference reported in this study compared to previous studies is more than 5 degrees in some cases. Also, installing the panel under the optimal daily angle (for day number 100) and the correct yearly angle resulted in receiving 128.56 kilowatts per square meter and 2.977 megawatts per square meter more energy, respectively.CONCLUSION: According to the results of this research, the annual optimal angle for a geographic latitude of 30 degrees, taking into account the changes in solar radiation energy on the surface perpendicular to the radiation, is 26 degrees, which is 4 degrees different from the geographic latitude. Also, the results show that if the panel is installed at an angle of 30 degrees, the energy received annually is 16.122 megawatts per square meter less than if the panel is installed at an angle of 26 degrees.
Abstract: Background and Objectives: The nation's urban sector has experienced significant changes since industrialization, both in terms of growth and improvement in terms of creating jobs and the depletion of natural resources. The development and destruction are commendable and need mention and attention. These days, issues such as environmental degradation, the wealth gap, and unequal access to opportunities and resources are increasing. These concerns have increased the need for urban management through sustainable and planned development. The development cannot be sustained unless the depletion is controlled and taken care of. The current study focused on how urban regions have changed and how sustainable development helps cope with the changes. Furthermore, the study focused on enhancing the well-being of urban communities and promoting inclusivity to develop sustainable businesses that are economically sustainable in the long run. The novelty of the study is that explores how sustainable development can mitigate the impacts of urban change and enhance community well-being and inclusivity.Methods: Quantitative methodologies, such as surveys and statistical analyses, may have shed light on the broader impact of sustainable business practices on urban development. To complement these findings, qualitative case studies and interviews could have fostered deeper insights into specific initiatives and the perspectives of entrepreneurs navigating this landscape. A mixed-methods approach, weaving together quantitative trends with rich qualitative narratives, would have further enriched the understanding of motivations and challenges encountered. Ultimately, regardless of the specific methodologies employed, this research likely aimed to achieve a holistic understanding of the intricate connections between urban management, sustainable business practices, and the innovative spirit of entrepreneurs driving change in India. In this study, the researcher used regression analysis and factor analysis to achieve the research objectives.Findings:The entrepreneurs examined in the study exhibited a proactive stance towards critical aspects of sustainable business, notably waste management, energy efficiency, and resource optimization. The study identifies significant associations between key variables and sustainable urban development. Urban management demonstrates a positive impact (B = 1.286, SE = 0.621, Beta = 0.116, T = 2.071, P = 0.0039), highlighting its crucial role in shaping sustainable practices. Sustainable practices, in turn, exhibit a strong positive correlation (B = 1.088, SE = 0.257, Beta = 0.238, T = 4.242, P = 0.0001), indicating their pivotal role in driving urban development towards sustainability. These findings underscore the importance of integrating effective urban management strategies and sustainable practices to foster inclusive and resilient urban communities.Conclusion: The findings provide the government with all the criteria essential for a valid approach to the sustainable development of the urban regions of the country and provide the appropriate balance between growth and development. The researcher recommended that creating supportive policies and incentives, investing in green infrastructure, supporting local entrepreneurship ecosystems, collecting and sharing data, and promoting community engagement are requirements for urban management. In addition, recommended that focusing on triple bottom line impact, collaborating with other stakeholders, Innovating and adapting, communicating transparently, and advocating for change are required for Sustainable Businesses by Entrepreneurs.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The concept of familiarity (taarof) is one underlying concept of an Islamic city, which has received less attention. Adherence to this concept that is adopted from Quranic teachings has a considerable influence on the neighboring or neighborhood concept. However, the evolutions in the contemporary Iranian community have left this concept in serious challenges over recent decades, causing underlying developments in the concept of neighborhood. This study investigates the advent of challenges threatening the familiarity concept in terms of evolutions in the contemporary history of Iran, particularly in terms of the contemporary political economy of Iran to find how these changes and developments in the political economy have threatened and weakened the concept of familiarity in contemporary Iranian city.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is based on the library-documentary method in terms of data collection, and is based on the logical reason in terms of data analysis and judgment. Logical reasoning encompasses a wide spectrum from computer programs and formulas to cultural discourses and theses, and this study comprises the cultural discourse extreme of this spectrum.FINDINGS: According to the results of this study, some political economy developments in the contemporary history of Iran, including land reforms, municipalities income generation system, injecting the oil revenue into metropolises, and lack of adherence to principles of land-use planning have led to the advent of the concept of displacement (or relocation) and permanent population changes and migration from rural to urban areas or inside the urban areas (especially in metropolises). Subsequently, such severe population changes have resulted in a weakened concept of familiarity threatening the neighborhood concept.CONCLUSION: The most important requirement for deepening neighboring relationships and stabilizing the concept of familiarity in the contemporary Iranian city is revising macro-policies of political economy to stabilize the citizens’ settlement in the place they are living by adopting appropriate policies, so this stabilization would lead to longer neighboring relations and deepen the familiarity and familiarity between neighbors. In this case, the issue of displacement can be somewhat solved, and the social harms caused by the weak concept of familiarity can be eliminated in contemporary Iranian cities.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The escalating global population, coupled with increased transportation needs and car production, has led to a surge in waste tire generation, reaching billions annually. Recognizing the environmental impact, there's a growing focus on utilizing waste tires as secondary raw materials and energy sources. Despite challenges posed by tire resilience and resistance to degradation, the current study advocates for pyrolysis as an eco-friendly method to recycle tires. It explores key process parameters (temperature and residence time) in pyrolysis, emphasizing qualitative and quantitative analyses of resulting oils compared to other products. The goal is to contribute to sustainable tire waste management and resource recovery.METHODS: The study employed Thermogravimetric analysis for rubber's thermal characteristics, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for pyrolysis oil analysis, Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis using a VARIAN CP-3800 instrument, and a bomb calorimeter (Parr 1256) for measuring heat capacity in obtained oils.FINDINGS: The yields of pyrolysis oil, char and gas were 20–32.5, 45-60 and 5-30 wt.%, respectively. The Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis results were ranged from 5-20 that showed that pyrolysis oils consisted mainly of 2,3-dimethylbutene, 2-Methylbutene, t-Isobutyl-4-ethyl-benzene, and 1-m-4-Isopropyl-benzene. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy showed that increasing of aromatic component with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Measuring of highest calorific value of pyrolysis oil was 10309 Cal/g that showed good compatibility with commercial heating oils.CONCLUSION: Pyrolysis oils from waste tires exhibit calorific values comparable to commercial heating oils, suggesting a promising alternative fuel source with versatile compositions. The findings help understanding the feasibility and potential applications of waste tire pyrolysis in sustainable energy solutions.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Currently, 56% of the global population, reside in cities, and this urbanization trend is predicted to result in a more than doubling of the urban population by 2050. Similarly, mid-sized Indian cities have exhibited rapid urban growth in recent decades. However, a holistic study focusing on the temporal dynamics of urban growth in all the mid-sized Indian cities is lacking. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the urban growth pattern across eighty-eight mid-sized Indian cities with the help of Census data from 1971-2011.METHODS: This research, utilizing a quantitative approach, investigates the relationship between economic growth and urban expansion in selected cities. The cities are categorized based on the Gross State Domestic Product of respective states, and the study evaluates changes in municipal areas and demographic growth patterns through the decadal urban expansion rate and decadal population growth rate. The urban growth character is further analyzed by dividing the population growth rate by the decadal urban expansion rate, with a value less than 1 indicating inefficient land utilization. This comprehensive methodology aims to provide insights into the dynamics of urban growth and its correlation with economic development.FINDINGS: The results revealed that inefficient land utilization for urban growth during 1971-2011 had occurred in thirteen cities from the states with higher Gross State Domestic Product and three cities among the states with lower Gross State Domestic Product. Overall, the mid-sized Indian cities, such as Ajmer (0.65), Solapur (0.67), Asansol (0.79), Mangalore (0.83), Jhansi (0.84), Nellore (0.85), Belgaum (0.86), Thrissur (0.86), and Bareilly (0.89) exhibited the lowest PU values during 1971-2011.The major drivers for urban growth in mid-sized Indian cities are government policies and schemes, industrial growth, rise in Gross State Domestic Product, climatic conditions and terrains, social profile, transportation, and infrastructure. CONCLUSION: Overall, there has been inefficient land utilization in several cities, particularly those from states with varying levels of Gross State Domestic Product. Noteworthy cities like Ajmer, Solapur, and Belgaum consistently demonstrated efficient land utilization, reflected in their lower Population-to-Urban Expansion (PU) values. The study emphasizes the intricate influences shaping urban growth, encompassing government policies, industrial development, economic factors, climate, social dynamics, and infrastructure. Future research endeavors could further delve into the specific impact of these factors on urban expansion, employing longitudinal analyses, and explore the socio-economic ramifications of efficient or inefficient land utilization, contributing to more informed urban planning and policy formulation.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: One of the "15 Guiding Principles" designed to achieve the 2030 aim highlights the importance of giving priority to exploration in the digital economy as a crucial element in defining the future economy. Consumers’ interest in using social media and e-commerce platforms for their shopping activities is rising in this day of modern technology. However, based on a study conducted by the Small Medium Enterprise Corporation indicated that a substantial majority of Small and medium enterprise entrepreneurs, acknowledge the importance of incorporating digital technology into their fundamental business operations. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable discrepancy between the level of awareness regarding these technologies and their actual adoption. Therefore, the research objectives are to determine the relationship between perceived convenience, E-promotion, brand awareness, and personalization toward consumers’ purchase intention.METHODS: Data was collected from a wide range of individuals in urban areas using probability sampling methods. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the various factors that can impact individuals' intentions. A sample size of 385 participants from the e-commerce sector in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Therefore, stratified sampling is employed by considering pertinent characteristics such as location, age, and intention to use e-commerce. The analyses were conducted using SmartPLS software to measure the influence of digital marketing on consumers' purchase intention.FINDINGS: The variables of E-Promotion (β=6.601, p<0.05), Brand awareness (β=3.975, p<0.05), and Personalization (β=4.152, p<0.05) had a statistically significant impact on Customer Purchase Intention. Nevertheless, the variable of Perceived Convenience does not have a significant impact on Purchase Intention (β=1.646, p<0.05). Consequently, e-promotion was deemed the most influential component, followed by personalization in second place, and brand awareness in third place.CONCLUSION: The findings are expected to assist businesses in identifying the factors that influence the purchase intentions of urban consumers on an e-commerce platform. These encompass micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), which serve as the foundation of Malaysia's economic development. The process of digitalization is anticipated to enhance opportunities for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to grow and flourish. The potential of digitalization to enhance integration across economic sectors and promote cost effectiveness through a collaborative economy is evident. This aligns with the goals stated in the My Digital Economic Blueprint, which is scheduled to be implemented until 2030.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social and economic processes, which create a combination of capital and intelligence, influence the development of the urbanization process. Urban areas develop together with economic growth. The main factor influencing the growth of the economy is the increase in production, which should be based on quality management through the implementation of a business model for the innovative development of the enterprise in the context of economic security. Thus, the purpose of the research is to define and characterize the components of the business model of an enterprise’s innovative development based on economic security and to describe the main practical aspects of its implementation.METHODS: Using general scientific and special research methods, the theoretical and categorical content was analyzed and specified, namely, the essence of urbanization, innovative activity, innovative development, and business models of the enterprise’s innovative development were revealed. The main principles contributing to the effective operation of innovative enterprises were defined.FINDINGS: It was substantiated that strategic business development provided a business model in which all business processes were identified and analyzed, and development was optimized considering correlations. The main features of the business reflected in the business model were specified. Considering that during the implementation of the innovative development strategy, the business model is aimed at managing the chain of innovative value creation, the basic background for the implementation of the business model was determined. To form a model of innovative development in the context of economic security, the aspects of adaptability of innovative development were investigated. The business model of the enterprise’s innovative development in the context of economic security was formed, and its components and their significance were determined. The main practical aspects for implementing the business model of the enterprise’s innovative development were highlighted. It was noted that in the conditions of a dynamic market environment, full of dangers and threats, 40% of the success of further implementation should be based on taking into account well-known theoretical and methodological aspects, and 60% should be the ingenuity of the personnel of the enterprise on which the business model is being formed.CONCLUSION: The business model ensures the transformation of innovative technologies into economic benefits for the company. The practical application of the proposed business model with selected components would contribute to the increase of the enterprise’s innovative potential and its development during current activity and in the future.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Knowledge workers are people whose work is highlighted by the continuous and systematic development of organizational knowledge through the discovery mechanism and creation of new knowledge. The number of knowledge workers is increasing in today’s organizations, and proper conditions must be provided for their activities. Also, effective use of knowledge workers requires optimal psychological safety for them. So far, not so many studies have investigated psychological safety, especially for knowledge workers, and there is an obvious research gap in this field. Therefore, the innovation of this research is to increase knowledge about the psychological safety of knowledge workers and to create local and practical knowledge in the mentioned field.METHODS: This research aims to design a psychological safety model for knowledge workers in the Tehran Municipality. The applied-developmental purpose aspect of this research puts it in the category of mixed (method) research. In the qualitative phase, a semi-structured method of interviewing experts, and thematic analysis techniques were used to design the research model. 18 experts from Tehran Municipality were purposefully selected to participate in the interviews. The model of the research was validated by structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software in the quantitative phase. For this purpose, 110 managers and specialists of Tehran Municipality were surveyed using a questionnaire.RESULTS: The results indicated that the personal, interpersonal, occupational, managerial, organizational, and spiritual dimensions are 6 dimensions that influence the psychological safety of knowledge workers in organizations. Also, several antecedents, moderating factors, and consequences were identified, which were created based on the identified variables of the research model. Also, the coefficient of determination was calculated as 0.740 for the psychological safety variable and 0.711 for the outcomes variable, based on the results of structural equation modeling, which indicates optimal values.CONCLUSION: Ultimately, the results of the research indicated that the psychological safety of knowledge workers is a complicated, multidimensional, and a dynamic phenomenon, and achieving it requires considering several factors and components, and of course, it brings valuable results.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Malaysia's food and beverage industry provides a diverse range of regional and global cuisines, reflecting the country's diverse population. Profit, the development of new products, customer and employee satisfaction, and the sustainability of employee engagement have an impact on an organization's productivity. Positive attitudes towards green human resources management—which encompasses green hiring and selection, green training and development, and green remuneration and reward—are a sign of engaged employees. Businesses in this industry found it difficult to retain employees due to insufficient green hiring and selection procedures, inadequate training and development programs, and insufficient compensation and benefits. This research examines the relationship between green training and development, green recruitment and selection, and green compensation and reward for employee engagement and sustainability in the Malaysian food and beverage industry.METHODS: For this investigation, the quantitative method was used to analyze information using IBM SPSS software version 26. The objective was to improve the industry's efficient functioning for long-term growth. A total of 210 surveys were distributed to Klang Valley workers in this industry using convenience sampling and a non-probability sampling approach. Taro Yamane's approach was used to calculate the sample size. Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where sample units are selected based on their accessibility to the researcher.FINDINGS: As a result, all three variables - green training and development, green recruitment and selection, and green compensation and reward - have a positive and significant relationship with employee engagement sustainability. The hypotheses have been accepted with a p-value ranging from 0.000 to 0.236. In the case of hypothesis 1, there is a positive correlation (r = 0.760, p ≤ 0.01) between green training and development and employee engagement sustainability. Similarly, hypothesis 2 shows a positive correlation with a significant p-value of 0.236 between green recruitment and selection and employee engagement sustainability. Hypothesis 3 also indicates a significant correlation (r = 0.762, p ≤ 0.01) between green compensation and reward and employee engagement sustainability.CONCLUSION: The study provides empirical evidence and conceptual proof that the establishment and management of a fund designed to promote the development of human resources within a specific jurisdiction are governed by the Pembangunan Sumber Manusia Berhad Act of 2001. The interaction between this act and Green Human Resource Management may differ depending on the specific laws and policies of a country or region. Organizations can utilize funds from the Human Resource Development Corps to carry out projects related to Green Human Resource Management, such as eco-friendly training and development courses. Green Human Resource Management seeks to support environmental responsibility and sustainability initiatives.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Crises of high uncertainty and complexity provoke discussion about new requirements of crisis management systems, which is of utmost importance in developing a cooperative environment and providing effective responses. This study aims to analyze the cooperative system of Tehran Municipality departments involved in crisis management of the COVID-19 pandemic, who are called actors afterward, and thereby presents the lessons learned through this pandemic.METHODS: The Social network analysis has been applied in this research to analyze the collaboration system. Accordingly, the crisis management actions taken by Tehran Municipality is first explored and, 38 actors and 11 areas of knowledge are identified. The two-dimensional matrix of actors-actions and the cooperative system of the actors are then analyzed based on the indicators of degree and betweenness centrality in UCINET and NetDraw software to investigate the position of the actors' tacit knowledge power in the cooperative network.FINDINGS: The actors’ cooperative system generally has high density and coherence; however, it seems that the position of some actors must be strengthened within the structure of the crisis management in Tehran Municipality. The results of degree centrality index identified 7 actors with higher degree centrality (20% of total actors), and 7 actors with lower degree centrality (20% of total actors). Moreover, the betweenness centrality of the network of actors is analyzed to find the highest and lowest betweenness power in the cooperative network. Afterward, a series of recommendations are proposed based on a designed systematic intervention. Moreover, a cooperative system of pandemic crisis management would be developed based on the key actors’ experiences and the lessons learned from failures. CONCLUSION: Existing knowledge presents a valuable prospect for policy-makers in urban crisis management to not only establish an organizational cooperative system but also capitalize on the insights gained and contemplate pragmatic collective measures to enhance urban resilience in the face of pandemic crises.
Open Access journal
