Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Architecture Research, Volume 13, Number 1Khaled Heba, Haitham Sadek Selim, Asaad Ali Abu GhazalaNowadays, high-rise buildings are developing very fast to cater to the increase in demand in major urban cities. Cities are now competing in the construction of skyscrapers, a sign of progress, sophistication and urbanization. There are a many of important factors to consider during a design process of a tall building which need to be examined from a wider urban scale to a narrower architectural scale. as such location and site selection, land-use, integration of landscape elements, the use of natural energy resources (wind, sun, vegetation.), the livable urban areas and building areas and nodes (plazas, inner outer courtyards of the building, service floors), transportation, façade design, material usage. Compatibility between a building and its environment is a significant architectural conversation that should be assessed and evaluated together when trying to find solutions through sustainable architectural design considerations. This paper is aimed to argue the relation between tall buildings and the built environment from the sustainable point of view. Based on the analytical and theoretical way.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Architecture Research, Volume 13, Number 1Hengameh Fazeli, Esmaeil NegarestanBased on several studies on traditional built space, it is evident that traditional houses were designed following well-established rules, patterns and rituals that believed to bring good luck and auspiciousness. These rituals were practiced in various stages of construction and have imposed specific patterns and decorations to architectural space. Comparative studies on rituals involved in the construction of dwellings in Indo-Aryan communities and case studies on traditional houses of Kashan, Iran, proves that rituals are one of the significant factors in determining the main elements of dwelling architecture in Persia. In this research the rituals connected to construction and their connection to architectural design and decorations of traditional Persian house have been investigated and introduced.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Architecture Research, Volume 13, Number 1Hussein Hammadi Alfarhani, Bahar Başer Kalyon CuoğluIn the recent decade, Baghdad has drawn into dramatic socio-economic transformations along with rapid urban development as a result of the economic recovery, including an oil boom, this has had a significant impact on the development patterns that have been adopted, where the physical and social patterns and typologies of new residential areas have turned from global experiences and international style within Iraqi urban context. As a result, many mass housing or gated communities with different designs have been shaped and constructed particularly in Baghdad without taking into account local consideration, causing the loss of a significant degree of the heritage and urban traditional fabric. This study tries to compare and analyze two urban patterns within the city of Baghdad and its surrounding (neighborhood scale); Alkhadimyah, a traditional urban pattern; BNT (Bismayah new town) the suburban district of Baghdad. The comparison depends on social and spatial analysis, firstly; Kevin Lynch's method of “The image of the city 1960” is used for examining the planning strategies and urban design elements, in terms of the physical spaces, such as buildings, roads, open spaces, and public facilities, to understand holistic insights about their complex relations. Secondly; this study used a questionnaire, which was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 to record participant responses. The questionnaire survey technique is used to collect data on residents’ perceptions, preferences, and interpretations of cases built environment. The findings of the analysis demonstrate significant differences between the spatial organization and social structure of both cases, this paves the way in the future for vital indicators to prepare a new set of design guidelines for new developments areas that will enhance the socio-spatial planning, urban design features of urban spaces and contribute in improving the image of Baghdad city and its landmarks, thus enhancing a sense of identity of the city and quality of life to Baghdad residents.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 3Hengameh Fazeli, Esmaeil NegarestanTraditionally, architecture was considered a sacred act, an act of becoming a co-creator with God. Therefore, the architect was expected to imitate the act of creation, following the laws and patterns present in nature, to create buildings that not only provide comfort but also stand in harmony with nature. This act of design and construction used to follow 2 levels: form and matter – referring to material and spiritual sides of every building. Traditional master builders, following this concept, were not only equipped with practical knowledge of building, but also the science of geomancy, astrology and the human system, that used to lead to creation of places which promoted health. Studying traditional Persian houses, such as houses of Kashan, which are believed to be the finest examples of traditional Persian architecture, the author believes spiritual aspects of architecture, besides the material aspects, are the reason behind their success in creating health-giving buildings that remain masterpieces, many centuries after their creation. In this research an attempt was made by the author, derived from the case studies, to identify these elements and introduce them as the spiritual side of architectural design. Using this pattern, the important elements of design and architecture can be identified and used by modern architects to create places that are considered health-giving, comfortable and pro-life.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 2Chimene Okere, Nwachukwu Chijindu Victor C. V., Esau James EsauCollaboration and collaborative workings have been identified as facilitators of development in the construction sector. The construction industry is one of the most demanding industries, labour intensive and intertwined with diverse procurement practices. It requires team management and collaborative work to enable project delivery and to achieve productivity and performance. Therefore, this study aims to assess the influences of collaboration and its impact on the performance of procurement practices in Nigeria's Construction Industry.The research strategy follows a pragmatic philosophy and a deductive approach; data were gotten using a well-structured questionnaire to understand and measure the performance of collaborative practices on construction projects. Descriptive analysis was used, and the mean item score was used to analyze the challenges of collaborative practices in the construction industry. The findings show that Build-Operate-Transfer [BOT] and Design-Build-Finance-Transfer [DBFT] were selected by the respondents as the procurement strategy that most influenced collaboration. Deficiency of technical know-how was ranked last, whilst Misappropriation and Poor Financing was ranked first among the challenges which hindered collaboration practices. This research will serve as a guide for improving procurement strategy, formulation of policies to enhance collaboration, and addressing the challenges tackling the Nigerian construction industry. Furthermore, this research contributes to the body of literature for future research on collaboration and collaborative workings in Nigeria. It serves as a learning tool as it examines the performance of the Nigerian construction industry which focuses on collaboration and collaborative practices.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 2C. Martín-Gómez, A. Zuazua-Ros, J. Viejo, E. Lacilla-Larrodé, A. ShapiroThe new technologies are reaching all the fields of our daily lives to improve our living standards. In this changeable period, a new concept of delivery is appearing. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) delivery is already a reality, but how can this device be implemented in a high-density residential environment' This paper proposes a holistic delivery system with UAVs in urban environments where the façades can interact with the drones, allowing reception and delivery in the same house. The UAVs are controlled by a network that will enable constant communication. The façade integrates an element able to receive the package and preserve it, including control temperature, until the client arrives home. The most notable drawback of the UAVs is the flying hour limitation, so intermediate urban elements must be designed too. These elements will play the role of charging places, distribution points, and even cooling storage places. The self-sufficiency of these urban stations will be ensured by integrating photovoltaic panels and thermoelectric modules, responsible for both the energy consumption and the cooling/heating needs. The system implies a coordination challenge between several fields: electronics, informatics, UAVs, delivery companies, thermal control and architecture. The aim is to achieve an implemented delivery system that avoids traffic jams and pick-up points, facilitating the work for the enterprises involved and the clients, who would only have to install a final interface system in the façade.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 2Isidore C. Ezema, Regina K. OkorigbaAgainst the background that buildings in general and residential buildings in particular impact on the environment, this paper used the life cycle energy and CO2 assessment framework to estimate the primary energy and CO2 emissions content of public housing in Lagos, Nigeria with a view to using the estimate to project for a future housing provision scenario. The importance of life cycle energy assessment (LCEA), a streamlined version of the ISO life cycle assessment (LCA) environmental management tool was highlighted and applied in the study area characterized by poor data conditions for full LCA. Specifically, the operational and embodied energy of the buildings and associated carbon dioxide emissions were addressed. Survey method was used to ascertain household characteristics especially household energy consumption while building materials inventory was obtained from contract documents complemented by observation and interviews. International energy and emissions protocols were used for operational energy and carbon estimation while the ICE database was used for embodied energy and carbon estimation. The study found that at 21,570 MJ/m2, life cycle operational energy intensity dominated embodied intensity which was 7,378 MJ/m2. Also, with life cycle operational and embodied carbon intensities of 1806kg/m2 and 589kg/m2 respectively, the carbon emissions scenario exhibited a similar pattern to the energy scenario. The study also found that while direct fuel combustion dominated operational energy and carbon intensities, initial and recurring materials accounted for the bulk of embodied impact. The above findings imply that in order to ensure sustainability of the housing stock, energy efficiency and carbon mitigation strategies targeted at both the operational and embodied aspects of the buildings should be pursued. In this respect the resort to renewable energy for building operation and low impact building materials for the embodied aspect become very necessary.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 1Rania Raouf SedkyThere is no doubt that the Corona virus (covid-19) has affected all aspects of our lives and led to the cessation of many activities, but if we think carefully, we will find that architecture can participate in providing solutions in the time of epidemics. The twenty-first century has so far witnessed six diseases that speeded rapidly, the first of which was acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Ebola, Avian Influenza, Swine Influenza, and finally the new Corona epidemic. And if we have already entered the era of epidemics and fast-spreading diseases such as the Corona pandemic, as we need to know how to reshape architecture and processing of internal spaces that have many means of protection from epidemics and rapidly spreading diseases so that they are liveable and whose streets are not empty of residents once a new epidemic breaks out, and this is what we seek to discuss in this research as we try to discuss these Questions: What are the solutions offered by urbanization in the face of COVID-19' And how will the spread of epidemics affect the change in architectural thinking' And how to become spaces appropriate to face infection' Many unanswered questions require further studies. We aim to search for answers and learn from this forced experiment to add additional security layers to overcome future potential virus.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 1Abdul Qadir, Mohammad Arif KamalFrom over the centuries, pandemics consistently molded urban communities, many health issues have been reflected in the architecture and design of cities. Today, the world is going through an overall crisis of COVID-19 pandemic, the most horrendous in longer than a century giving rise to various challenges to confront this epidemic. The ascent in the quantity of individuals tainted with Coronavirus and the expanding number of passing may bring about a survey of the different Congregational spaces and their renovation planning methodologies to cope with the pandemic. The point of the investigation is to examine the effects of the COVID-19 on the Architectural practices with respect to practical interventions and how will the congregational spaces respond with respect to COVID-19 pandemic.. Therefore, new strategies and implementation principles of emergency design, especially in Congregational spaces (Cinemas/Theatres, Shopping Malls, Libraries must be directed towards healthcare and precautionary measures during the conditions of the pandemic. Thus, it raises the subject of planning for irresistible infections that will most likelyaffect future exploration and practice.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Architecture Research, Volume 12, Number 1M. Blanco-Muruzábal, C. Martín-Gómez, A. Zuazua-Ros, T. Trabada Echarri, J. Valdivieso de las Heras, N. Mambrilla-HerreroElectric mobility is expected to increase in the following years motivated by environmental awareness and government targets, therefore, a great number of combustion engines cars will be replaced by electric ones. In addition, urban space has become scarcer to house a large number of existing vehicles increasing the number of underground parking. Like cars remain parked here most time of the day being charged, new elements appear, so this transition requires parking infrastructures to match. But, are the millions of underground existing parking ready for it' Given the shortage of regulations and the existing debate, the integration of the systems is not undertaken safely. In this context, this paper seeks to analyze the level of preparation of underground parking through scientific literature and a review of standards detecting conditions and requirements to prevent possible hazards. Although the article is focused on the Spanish context, the detected problems, hypothesis and proposal of solutions can be applied to other countries.
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