Authors:Paola Ortiz-Báez, Maria José Freire, Jan Bogaert Pages: 1–11 - 1–11 Abstract: Latin American contemporary cities are facing a rapidly urban dispersion which is mainly occurring in periurban zones. Since these transitional spaces remain geographically and conceptually unclear, having a greater understanding of its landscape composition has become a key issue for territorial planning purposes. In this article, the Metropolitan District of Quito urban-rural gradient landscape composition and its spatiotemporal transformations are analysed. Using satellite images of very high resolution of two periods, five Land Use-Land Covers (LULC) were identified in sixty-four sample polygons. Based on that, a transition matrix and a stability index were developed to analyse landscape composition change intensity. Results demonstrate that peri-urban areas show the highest landscape instability, although through a great diversity of land occupation typologies. The four dominant typologies are analysed. Parsing LULCs independently, vegetation showed the greatest instability, which significantly alters ecosystems and their services. On the other hand, mega-road infrastructure appears to be one of the most dramatic drivers of peri-urban transformation, since samples crossed by new highways experienced the greatest landscape transformation on average. Finally, this methodology and insights could be extrapolated to other Latin American cities, where micro-scale policymaking should be a priority in scenarios of complex and highly heterogeneous peri-urbanization. PubDate: 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.16968 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Kifah Alhazzaa Pages: 12–1 - 12–1 Abstract: The focus of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transforming historically significant buildings with high energy requirements into high-performance constructions. The researcher suggested adaptive reuse for the case study, recommending that the building be converted from a warehouse into a café and art studio, which would be in line with the surrounding art district in Tucson, Arizona. As a result of the change in design, everything from the floor plans to the building facades and the mechanical systems were modified. During the visit to the location, the researcher was able to identify the primary factors that led to the low energy efficiency. The study was conducted using the real-life energy simulation that the DOE-2 simulation engine provides. During the process of redesigning the building, the researcher utilized both passive and active design strategies to evaluate how these techniques impacted the amount of energy consumed by the structure. The total amount of energy that was saved from all of the implemented solutions was compared to the total amount of energy that was consumed by the base case (the existing condition). The findings indicated that the chosen case study had a significant potential for reducing energy consumption, with savings amounting to more than 50 percent of the total energy usages. PubDate: 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.16197 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Shiran Geng, Hing-Wah Chau, Elmira Jamei, Zora Vrcelj Pages: 20–3 - 20–3 Abstract: Many unique ethnic enclaves have been established in Australia due to the country’s rich and diverse immigration history. Chinatown Melbourne is one of the oldest and most iconic examples that date back to the gold rush period in the 1850s. Previous studies have examined many aspects of the precinct, such as its architectural styles and demography shifts. However, there is a lack of research investigating the enclave’s urban characteristics and the consequent urban identity. This knowledge gap can lead to unfeasible heritage conservation decisions with a lack of emphasis on the precinct’s unique identity. Hence, this study aims to scrutinize the precinct’s past urban evolution and its present characteristics to better understand its heritage value and enhance future urban policies. Qualitative data are collected using archival and literature review, map analysis, and field observation. Overall, by elucidating Chinatown Melbourne’s urban characteristics and key urban movements, the study depicts the precinct’s identity, addressing elements like the main, laneway, gateway, and public space. The output of the research provides insights into how future heritage policies and initiatives can benefit from the case study in enhancing heritage protection and sustaining its urban identity. Further research is recommended to incorporate quantitative research methods and compare results with this study’s findings. PubDate: 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.17383 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Cristiana Monteiro, Sérgio Proença, Francesca Dal Cin Pages: 35–4 - 35–4 Abstract: The article explores the concept of copy, type and invention, such as the mimesis as a design process. The research aims to emphasise the utility and coexistence between theoretical concepts in the construction of architectural and urban design. This article is composed of a theoretical debate in which mimesis is understood as the basic conceptual principle and type, and typological transfer, as the operational principle; both instruments of composition. Case study is the Portuguese coastal landscape, it is possible to acknowledge different forms of urban occupation defined by metrics and rhythms; principles which are relevant to think of an urban transformation in continuity with the inherited landscape. It describes the process of decoding and classifying these ephemeral serial elements present along the coast and the subsequent design process of an architectural type and its application to a specific place. Indeed, according to the concept of typological transfer, defined by Christ and Gatenbein, we might infer that it is possible to transfer the composition rules from the preexistent ephemeral objects present in the space between land and sea to the design of new forms. The use of the concepts of copy, type and invention allows for the transformation and resilience of the vulnerable landscapes by the sea. PubDate: 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.17289 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Vilmos Katona Pages: 46–5 - 46–5 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the “idealist” intellectual workshops behind the 20th-century liturgical architecture before and after the Second Vatican Council. These workshops established their concepts on the intriguingly historic presumption that, in order to refresh the Catholic liturgy, one must seek and return to the origins of Christianity. In other words, their worldview was characterized by the spirit of ressourcement, which was one of the great motivators of the new liturgical paradigm brought about by 1962. Ressourcement had both monastic and secular aspects to the invocation – or recreation – of the early apostolic communities by means of new spatial and contextual programs in contemporary church architecture. These programs were conceptually compound, and were often guided or implemented by the clergy itself. The study also sheds light on some of the 21th-century interpretations and the survival of the same ideas in today’s architectural culture. PubDate: 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.17823 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Monalipa Dash, Manjari Chakraborty Pages: 57–6 - 57–6 Abstract: Urban green spaces (UGS) are linked with numerous health benefits. However, recent studies have highlighted an increased level of disparity in their distribution across different socio-economic groups. Adequate number of UGS and their size play an important role to achieve spatial equity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the availability of UGS across all socio-economic groups of Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. Methods: The socio-economic groups are created by using the ward level socio-economic census data of Bhubaneswar and and PCA method of analysis. The UGS are identified using satellite images if they fulfil the criteria such as: named as a park or garden and has a definitive boundary in the year 2021. A one-way ANOVA is used for the analysis. Result: The study revealed a non-uniform distribution; 27 out of 67 wards do not have any form of parks in their vicinity. From the equity point of view, the UGS distribution is examined for parks and overall UGS. There is no major difference found in terms of availability of parks in different SES statistically. However, park area average is observed to be the higher in middle deprived communities (26738.32 m2/neighborhood) followed by least deprived communities (22386.7378 m2/neighborhood) but the average number of parks seem to be the lowest in the least deprived communities (1 park/neighborhood). The land allocation per capita for overall UGS came to be the highest for the most deprived neighborhoods (0.0146 km2/1000 population). The bigger UGS are in the most deprived wards probably because there is availability of land and low population density. PubDate: 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.17026 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Neslişah Kesici, Nilgün Çolpan Erkan Pages: 68–7 - 68–7 Abstract: The facades that define the public open space shape the pedestrian behavior by affecting the visual perception of the pedestrians. In the literature on facade and human interaction, there are pioneering studies in the perspective of environmental perception, but there is a lack and method limitation on the effect of the facade on pedestrian behavior. For this reason, the research aims to evaluate pedestrian behaviors in two areas that are variable in terms of facades, together with video analysis and heat maps. Areas of similar typology in Istanbul’s Kadıköy district are compared because of the temporary exterior decoration of the historical candy store in case 1 during the New Year’s Eve. According to the research findings, there is a significant difference between the quantity of pedestrians exhibiting stagnant and flowing behaviors and the distribution of these pedestrians in the space. In addition, the subcategories of fluid and static behavior in evening and day conditions also reveal interpretable results regarding the front. The results of the research reveal that the facade features of the public space significantly affect the pedestrian behavior, and therefore this issue should also gain importance in the future of public space design. PubDate: 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.3846/jau.2023.17688 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 1 (2023)
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