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- Successful criteria for placemaking process in contested spaces:
evaluation of non-governmental organisations at Ledra Street Crossing
Point in Nicosia-
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Abstract: Abstract As adivided capital city, Nicosia and its Buffer Zone have attracted attention across political, social, cultural, and academic spheres since the 1974 division of Cyprus. The Buffer Zone's physical and symbolic presence reflects the ongoing struggle for reunification and the challenges of tension in a confined space. The crossing points in the Buffer Zone serve as bridges, facilitating movement and interaction between the communities. Thus, contested spaces require comprehensive, context-sensitive approaches that foster inclusive dialogues, and seek innovative spatial arrangements to promote sustainable peace and shared understanding. The paper proposes a placemaking process approach that serves as a transformative tool to tackle the difficulties associated with contested spaces and strive towards their comprehensive revitalisation. 126 different NGOs participated as stakeholders in the Ledra Street Crossing Point and answered the Likert scale survey after the reliability check. The aim of this paper is to identify a successful placemaking process diagram for contested spaces as an analytical framework. The diagram establishes important criteria and their correlations for the placemaking process. It identifies sociability alongside uses and activities as key imperatives for successful placemaking process in contested contexts: social networks, sharing space use, multifunctionality, and public space usage.
PubDate: 2023-09-21
- Developing a blue-green infrastructure (BGI) community engagement
framework template-
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Abstract: Abstract There is growing recognition that Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) (parklands, swales, ponds and green roofs, etc.) can reduce flood-risk and also benefit public health and improve environmental quality (air/water quality, biodiversity, etc.). Community engagement is critical to getting BGI implementation ‘right’ and producing more sustainable solutions, yet understandings of approaches differ and remain difficult to harmonize or resolve. A review of the extant literature shows that many guidelines frame communities in the passive 'recipient' mode, and remain quiet about the power relations framing and conditioning engagement. The paper then proposes a set of generic template principles for the development of community engagement frameworks to facilitate and encourage greater community co-production of BGI, with the hope that this could then improve public preferences, accountability, efficacy and sustainability.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- The urban food forest: Creating a public edible landscape
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Abstract: Abstract With the growing trend of fruit and nut trees in urban public spaces, many cities worldwide have opted in the last 10 years to turn vacant city lots and patches of parks and community parcels into urban food forests. This study explored how to create multifunctional urban food forests that can be integrated into public places and encourage public participation. In addition, this study looked at the urban food forest as a provider of food and space that encourages public and community participation, with a focus on how to design spaces, facilities, and events to support and encourage public participation and involvement in urban food forests. By comparing the spaces and functions of urban public places with the specialties of urban food forests, the “from food to space” design guidelines were summarized.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- UDI editorial: designing green and blue infrastructure
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PubDate: 2023-08-16
- Green urban evaluation index for the central districts of cities in
developing countries: case of Jordan-
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Abstract: Abstract This study seeks to develop a sustainable urban assessment tool for the central districts of cities in developing countries such as Jordan. The study employed a mixed-methods approach that included examining existing and well-known urban sustainable assessment tools to identify areas of convergence and distinction; conducting a focus group discussion with sustainable development experts to identify relevant local conditions; and disseminating a web-based questionnaire to sustainability experts. The Delphi technique and analytic hierarchy process were implemented to combine the opinions of sustainability experts, define the weightings of the assessment items, and reach a consensus. Finally, the outputs were analysed to create a tool suitable for the local conditions of Jordanian city centres. The outcome of this study is a sustainable urban assessment checklist composed of 11 categories, 75 criteria, and 485 measurements. The findings show that “site categories” are regarded as the most relevant and important, followed by “site analysis” and “land planning”, together accounting for more than half of the total assessment points (51%). The results show that to ensure the city centre’s sustainability, a framework for assessing such central districts is urgently required to direct the awareness of specialists, developers, and decision-makers towards urban sustainability.
PubDate: 2023-08-01
- What if “sense of place” is already strong' An in-depth investigation
in an award-winning American neighbourhood-
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Abstract: Abstract This study investigates the sense of place (SoP) as a function of spatial characteristics of Buffalo, New York's Elmwood Village, an award-winning American neighbourhood for its perceived strong SoP. The primary aim is to provide empirical proof of this claimed strength of the neighbourhood’s SoP at the building, street and neighbourhood scales and to offer a multi-dimensional understanding of SoP by investigating its four sub-indicators, namely place attachment, place identity, place dependence and nature bonding. By studying the perceptual dynamics with a survey method, place identity and place attachment were identified as the most important determinants of SoP at the neighbourhood scale, while place identity and place dependence took the lead at smaller scales. The study of spatial dynamics showed that SoP can be improved to varied degrees for each of the four sub-indicators based on variances in building and street characteristics. For instance, residing in single-family houses or houses with three-and-more bedrooms may result in higher SoP; or place identity may be affected by the open sky coverage or vegetation coverage, etc. Elmwood Village has demonstrated the power of SoP at all scales, and the neighbourhood itself undoubtedly holds a special place in the hearts of its residents. Overall, planners and designers should concentrate on which spatial qualities and scales should be prioritised in future improvement plans to maintain and/or build SoP.
PubDate: 2023-07-12
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00226-z
- Public Space, Vikas Mehta, Routledge, 2023,
£27.99, 268 pp, ISBN: 9781032137025-
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PubDate: 2023-07-06
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00227-y
- Jazdów: an island of real-and-imagined sustainability
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Abstract: Abstract Technocracy, as a consensus-oriented mode of post-political urban governance, is a major obstacle to the search for progressive forms of urban life, including innovations in design for sustainable development. However, what is impossible through design activities fixated on material form of things in space becomes possible through what Edward Soja called Thirdspace. This paper presents the case of Jazdów—a small urban enclave in Warsaw, Poland—which has become a site of these types of unimaginable transformations and an experiment in progressive sustainable development. What began as a battle to save a few dozen tiny, wooden houses have turned into a long-term campaign for experimental urban ecologies, radical democracies, and alternative economies. Building mainly upon in-depth interviews with radical practitioners involved in transforming Jazdów, this study analyzes these particular sustainability achievements (across all the E’s of sustainable development: environment, equity, and economy) that had been considered impossible, and yet happened through Jazdów. Finally, through a discussion on the uniqueness of today’s Jazdów across the ontological trialectics of Thirdspace, this paper argues for the need to not only accept, but also affirm and nurture its characteristics of disorder (aspect of spatiality), uncertainty (aspect of historicality), and contention (aspect of sociality).
PubDate: 2023-06-30
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00225-0
- The assessment of the quality of campus public spaces as key parts of the
learning landscape: experience from a crowdsensing study on the Third
Campus of Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland-
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Abstract: Abstract The learning landscape concept reflects shifts in the methods of learning and conducting research in universities. Public spaces within university campuses should constitute an essential component of the learning landscape as arenas of planned and serendipitous encounters, which may foster creativity and trans-disciplinary networking. However, their spatial configurations remain an under-researched topic. This paper assesses the quality of public spaces on campus based on the results of a crowdsensing survey. The Third Campus of Jagiellonian University in Krakow was selected as a case study; this is one of the largest projects of this kind carried out in Poland since the political and economic transformation of 1989. The behaviour of users provides evidence of the generally low quality of the public spaces despite the advantages of the urban layout of the campus. The paper proposes recommendations that may bring the spatial organisation of the campus closer to a fully fledged learning landscape.
PubDate: 2023-06-03
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00224-1
- Mapping a framework for social–ecological resilience in reimaging of
abandoned spaces-
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Abstract: Abstract Vacant spaces present affluent areas for the urban landscape. Considering these spaces from a resilience perspective is an effective strategy. This research seeks to assist decision-makers in assessing landscape resilience and drawing on landscape selection process requirements for changes. The current research investigates the review of previous studies and develops a contextual relationship-based model to analyze critical aspects through experts' opinions. The investigation approach was inspired by interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC software. MICMAC analysis considered the direct and possible relationships of variables in the future, while the ISM technique discovered the hierarchy of these variables and their relationship with the main areas. Flexibility has the most effectiveness, while Activity has been affected by the most properties. Furthermore, even though it is significant, urban systems lose their flexibility and adaptability in the long run by focusing entirely on engineering measures.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-022-00204-x
- Resilient university campus in the city in COVID and post-COVID
era—recommendations, guidelines, and evidence from research in Italy and
Poland-
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Abstract: Abstract The pandemic ‘stay at home’ obligations turned our homes from a place to live to a place to live, work, entertain ourselves and to study. Since March 2020, confinement has had a permanent impact on students’ perception of studying and on academic lifestyle. Most universities continue teaching online, and most academic facilities, such as lecture and seminar halls, student halls, and dormitories, have been abandoned. Some of them form vast areas in cities that play a major role in the urban structure. The authors have examined the degree and way of occupation of the academic infrastructure before and in time of the pandemic. Evidence and data have been gathered from different universities in Poland and Italy. From their origins, academic campuses can be considered autonomous communities within or on the city limits. In a post-pandemic perspective, the evidence shows that the growing population of students does not mean campus development and that the campuses that have shown the greatest resilience are “open” campuses which are able to share, integrate, and exchange their spaces and facilities with those of the city. The authors conclude that the pandemic will have an impact on the future urban form of academic facilities.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-022-00211-y
- Place attachment and identity in shrinking cities: anticipating decline by
combining perceptions of locals and visitors in Chōfu, Japan-
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Abstract: Abstract Planners worldwide are exploring ways to regenerate shrinking cities, varying from pro-growth strategies with the aim of reversing population losses, to strategies that manage urban decline by adjusting the built environment to a smaller population. However, both approaches are reactionary rather than anticipatory, addressing decline after substantial shrinkage has happened. This paper examines the relationship between place identity and attachment and urban shrinkage, arguing that reinforcing place attachment based on building a strong local identity can help cities reduce the negative consequences of shrinkage. We propose an identity-building method that can become the base for design strategies fostering place identity and attachment. The paper applies this method to Chōfu, one of Tokyo’s bedroom towns, which is currently developing strategies to anticipate its future shrinkage. The method collects the radically exterior perceptions of international visitors to trigger conversations with local stakeholders with the final aim of finding critical elements to consider when developing design strategies to anticipate decline. Policymakers and planners are better advised to consider alternatives to business-as-usual approaches to shrinkage, so that regeneration strategies can be more significantly linked with the specifics of the place and how it is perceived, achieving a higher attachment and involvement with residents.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-022-00183-z
- After Covid-19: urban design as spatial medicine
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Abstract: Abstract This article draws out key implications for urban designers from the Covid-19 pandemic, particularly the relation between urban design and health. The entire world is facing the same acute health emergency of Covid-19 which is already impacting half of the global population, and as the majority of the world now inhabits urban settings, urban dwellers are the most affected. Urban Design already plays an important role in determining the health of urban populations but this relationship is often unclear, undervalued or ignored. The field of medicine is expanding to include all professionals who have an impact on the health of others, and this expanded field includes the urban design profession. After Covid-19, urban design ought to become a form of spatial medicine, whereby the design of built environments positively contributes and facilitates human and planetary health and wellbeing.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-020-00142-6
- UDI editorial: resilience, well-being and urban design
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PubDate: 2023-05-21
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00223-2
- Changing approaches to green infrastructure design: from modernism to the
future: Warsaw case study-
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Abstract: Abstract International modernism has brought new solutions to urban greenery, primarily aimed at improving the living conditions of the inhabitants. Currently, much more is expected of green areas, and at the same time, various impacts influence their modifications. The article focusses on changing approaches to the issue of green wedges design resulting from the socio-political transformation and the changes in approaches to city planning priorities. We selected Warsaw for detailed research, where the evolution of this approach can be clearly observed. The study showed the changes in the size, layout and function of one of the most important green areas and residents’ expectations. The formulated conclusions and threads may be helpful in spatial policy, spatial planning and urban design in various cities with an open areas structure similar to Warsaw.
PubDate: 2023-05-17
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00220-5
- An urban plan evaluation for park accessibility: a case in Izmir
(Türkiye)-
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Abstract: Abstract Plan evaluations about park accessibility are rare at the neighbourhood scale. Moreover, urban plans traditionally identify park accessibility with predetermined measurements that may ignore limited walking conditions of children, the elderly, women with children, and low-income groups. Alternatively, this paper considers equitable (rather than equal) park accessibility as an important goal concerning environmental justice. To guide a path to achieving this goal, it investigates how to assess and revise urban plans with parks within walking distance to social groups in the case of a plan (1/1000 scale) in Izmir (Türkiye). Deployment of the location-allocation analysis (a multi-criteria assessment methodology in Geographic Information Systems, GIS) allows this research to consider physical/geographical barriers to walkability in actual neighbourhood settings and reconfigure such barriers as contextual variables, including limited walking distances of disadvantaged groups. Ultimately, this study also contributes to how to handle spatial and demographic data deficiencies in Türkiye when measuring equitable accessibility of public facilities by walking. Results identify an uneven distribution of park accessibility even within the neighbourhood on the plan and the potential for improving park accessibility by designing some non-park public lands with park features.
PubDate: 2023-05-12
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00221-4
- Sociopetality or sociofugality' The effects of post-pandemic on public
open space-
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Abstract: Abstract To reduce the virus spread during the COVID-19, “new norms” of daily life were adopted. With urban design strategies characterizing one such norm, public spaces experienced transformations. This study examines the post-pandemic public space Üç Fidan Park in Bursa, Turkey. The study performed a mixed-methods research, including 40 visits to observe behaviors in the selected public spaces in the park during the pandemic. To enforce social distancing, new spatial behavior typologies, i.e., using additional equipment or just the human body itself, were recorded.
PubDate: 2023-05-10
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00222-3
- Influences of urban design on perceived social attributes and quality of
life: a comparative study in two English neighbourhoods-
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Abstract: Abstract Although a well-planned and well-designed neighbourhood might seem essential for the social life and satisfaction of the residents of a neighbourhood, there is a limited amount of research that examines the influence of features of urban design on perceived social attributes. This article, based on comparative on-site assessments and survey research carried out in Angell Town (London) and Greater Leys (Oxford), UK, deliberately selected according to their contrasting types of planning/design, aims to investigate whether the situational, morphological, spatial, and aesthetic features of urban environment impact on neighbourhood attachment, satisfaction, and quality of life. Overall, the evidence from this study shows that perceived social attributes and quality of life are strongly linked to urban design and physical environment characteristics, as well as perceived physical attributes of the neighbourhood. The respondents of Angell Town, a consciously designed development, were found to have a stronger sense of community, more profound sense of the neighbourhood as home, stronger agreement on the friendliness of their neighbourhood, stronger attachment to their neighbourhood, more satisfaction with their neighbourhood, and richer perception of quality of life in their neighbourhood, compared to respondents of Greater Leys, a typical development based on planning that ignores urban design principles.
PubDate: 2023-04-28
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00218-z
- Assessing human emotional responses to the design of public spaces around
subway stations: a human factors research-
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Abstract: Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a powerful urban planning strategy to enhance sustainability and provide socioeconomic benefits for cities. The human-centered design of public spaces around subway stations is a critical issue in TOD. In this study, a socio-technical system-based perspective was adopted to investigate the impact of using different design strategies in public spaces around subway stations on human emotional responses. The novelty of this study lies in performing a human factors experiment to examine human emotional reactions to outdoor public spaces surrounding transit stations using a comprehensive method combining physiological assessment and subjective self-report. Thirty-four participants were recruited for the experiment, which was conducted at the catchment areas of two subway stations in Nanjing, China. Urban design characteristics related to open space enclosure and visual elements, natural elements, pedestrian access, surrounding buildings or walls, and land use and activities were tested in both semi-underground and above-ground public spaces. Additionally, human emotions were assessed using the pleasure, arousal, and dominance model and by investigating the four response systems that predominantly reflect people’s emotional states. These results led to design and policy suggestions that could assist practitioners and researchers in selecting relevant approaches for human-oriented and place-based TOD planning. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-04-27
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00219-y
- (Re)adaptation of urban space in post-disaster recovery
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Abstract: Abstract Buildings and monuments are commonly prioritized in post-disaster reconstruction, but the role of urban spaces is often overlooked. The paper, therefore, seeks to shift the focus from buildings to open spaces by examining how urban spaces interact with the built fabric and cultural practices to help to build resilience. Drawing on interviews with survivors and rescuers and field observations of earthquake-ravaged Durbar Square in Kathmandu, this research links specific features of urban spaces to specific community actions to understand how historic urban spaces have allowed local values to be expressed in the disaster’s aftermath creating a coping mechanism. It argues that historic urban spaces have inherent functional, performative, and restorative qualities that play an important role in post-disaster recovery, and more attention needs to be given to them in planning and urban studies. The paper reaffirms the value of urban design in a disaster and the argument that historic, incrementally “grown” cities feature more adaptive systems and are, thus, more flexible and resilient after a disaster.
PubDate: 2023-03-21
DOI: 10.1057/s41289-023-00216-1
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