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- Initial operational capability of future weapon systems and field test
method using digital twin
Authors: Gakgyu Kim, Kangkyun Jin, Yongju Cho, Kyoungchan Won
Pages: 1 - 22
Abstract: The application of artificial-intelligence technology to weapon systems, is difficult to use in military applications for such reasons as killing or wounding problems, ethical problems, and field environment considerations; therefore, more-sophisticated techniques and development are required for testing and evaluation. There is an increasing demand for advanced weapon systems that incorporate new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, and for electrification, and a new paradigm that can confirm and verify the performance required for field operations is required. Therefore, through case studies on digital twins, a plan for field testing and initial operational capability in future weapon systems was developed. Five development directions were identified, including policies and systems, organization, establishment of infrastructure, and utilization plans, to establish a field test and initial operational capability. In addition, studies on economic ripple effects and cost-effectiveness were conducted based on application cases of digital twins in the private sector. An optimal method for users to safely verify performance by utilizing the digital twin method to overcome the difficulties of testing and evaluating weapon systems with new technologies from the time when the weapon system requirements are determined to mass production is proposed.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.167
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Necessity of establishing an open source military R&D platform to promote
AI development in defense
Authors: Sanggeun lee, Sangguk Jang
Pages: 23 - 42
Abstract: Nations with advanced military capabilities are now focusing on developing AI algorithms for weapon system intellectualization development to retain their dominance. However, such endeavors are expensive in terms of time, effort, and resources, so it is necessary to develop it using open source to expand sharing and cooperation with industry–academic–government research and development collaboration. This study is aimed at elaborating the need for adoption of it and suggesting future implementation and improvement of open source SW in military despite the negative impact of security vulnerabilities when applied to the military weapon system. For this, the present study was design to investigate the benefit (intercommunity and cooperation) and harm (military sovereignty and technology vulnerability) of this open source platform through analysis of domestic and international case with defense area. The results of the study indicate that establishing an appropriate platform can help secure military sovereignty and prevent technology subordination, increase the efficiency of AI R&D, ensure collaboration and connectivity between weapons systems, and strengthen software security.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.177
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Instrument development for measuring determinants in defense R&D
policy
Authors: Jeonghun Kim, Dongwoon Kang, Bongcheol Kang
Pages: 43 - 65
Abstract: The Korean military's defense research and development (R&D) policy was often shortsighted because of environmental changes, such as the Korea–U.S. alliance, security policies under the regime, and limited budgets. In addition, there was a lack of prior research focusing on identifying the determinants of defense R&D policy, making it difficult for stakeholders in defense R&D policies to determine the appropriateness or validity of decision making. To this end, the purpose of the present study was to suggest a basic reference for defense R&D decision making through the conceptualization of determinants in defense R&D policy and development of measurement items. For this, we developed operational definitions of influencing factors and preliminary items related to defense R&D policy decisions, considering the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. To test reliability and validity, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses based on discussions with experts. The results show a six-factor structure (security policy, defense posture, technological ambition, dominant and shifting paradigm, science and technology, industry knowledge base, and resources) and 24 items. It is concluded that the use of questionnaire results might better reflect multiple aspects of decision making in defense R&D policy. Future studies need to elaborate on the measurement indicators for defense R&D policy determinants and theorize on policy directions according to changes in future defense and private technology development.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.171
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Development plan based on analyzing the actual conditions of Korea's
defense base area
Authors: Sangguk Jang, Giil Choi
Pages: 67 - 90
Abstract: This study aims to derive a customized development plan for the defense base area centered on the Gyeongsangnam-do and Changwon special cities, which are representative bases in the domestic defense industry. The areas account for more than 40% of the defense sales and the number of employees based on domestic defense companies. Their status and importance increased as they were selected as the first defense innovation cluster pilot project in Korea by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration. For the research method, management performance (sales, R&D investment, number of employees, exports) and difficulties factors were analyzed by targeting 490 defense companies located in Gyeongnam from 2018 to 2021. Based on the results, considerable strengths and opportunity factors were derived in the fields of industry composition, defense supply chain, parts localization, workforce training, and cooperation networks, and the creation of a favorable management environment for defense SMEs was suggested. In the future, to facilitate the localization of defense materials and parts through the defense innovation cluster project, and to establish an effective mid- to long-term defense industry promotion strategy, an accurate analysis of the current situation and competitiveness of defense companies in the Gyeongnam region is required.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.165
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- The Defense Industry corporation for the advancement in research and
development on military hardware and warfare of army in Nigeria
Authors: Kayode Sunday John Dada, Jechoniah Akila, Suleiman Usman Omeiza
Pages: 91 - 107
Abstract: The armed forces generally signify national pride, strength, valor, resilience, and power as they perform the tasks of securing land and border and protecting the citizenry from external aggressors. The attributes required for this range from patriotism, tact, discipline, and selflessness in service to the nation. However, the task also requires modernized military hardware and equipment to secure national interest, promote the rule of law, and fight insecurity, insurgency, and banditry. In a bid to address security challenges and the shortfall in the supply of basic raw materials for the manufacture of military hardware and armaments, the Defence Industries Corporation of Nigeria (DICON) has partnered with the Raw Materials Research and Development Council for the supply of basic raw materials to meet the growing needs of the military. A survey methodology has been employed in this study to assess the role of DICON in the promotion of defense research and development. The data collected were analyzed using a decision mean of 3.00. The findings reveal that the availability of principal raw materials such as square and angle bars as well as various forms of steel to DICON is insufficient for the fabrication and production of arms and ammunition and armored personal carriers. This paper recommends the need for a change of orientation through the revitalization of steel companies, which will provide an impetus to the economy, generate job opportunities, and contribute to the nation’s gross domestic product.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.161
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Comparison of Security Policies between the Trump and Biden Governments
toward China
Authors: Haesoo Yang
Pages: 109 - 129
Abstract: The Trump administration, following the Obama administration, criticized previous administrations' security policies toward China, heralding the emergence of a groundbreaking strategy. Biden also criticized the Trump administration's security policy toward China from the time of his presidential nomination, implying the emergence of various containment policies. In this study, the Trump and Biden administration's China security policies were examined and compared with an emphasis on the integrated deterrence declared by the Biden government. The Trump and Biden administrations simultaneously pointed to China as a country that would undermine US interests. Accordingly, the two governments pursued a containment policy against China to maintain a US-centered international order. The Trump administration pursued a reckless alliance strategy based on the US-first principle as its integration policy and maintained multilateral security cooperation centered on the Indo-Pacific strategy as its deterrence policy. The Biden government maintained an ideological alliance strategy based on alliance priority as an integration policy and sought multilateral security cooperation by adding the NATO alliance to the Indo-Pacific strategy as a deterrence policy. The US anti-China policy can be divided into integration and suppression, and the detailed strategies applied at this time covered nonmilitary and military areas. Therefore, this study investigated the possibility of applying the entire military or nonmilitary domain to the scope of the analysis of the theory of integration and deterrence within the framework of international relations.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.168
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Improvement of combat readiness for Republic of Korea Army
Authors: Hoseok Seo, Sukjae Jeong
Pages: 131 - 153
Abstract: The Russian invasion of Ukraine highlights the importance of strengthening combat readiness in the military. The purpose of this study was to devise a policy implementation that can ensure the appropriateness of the evaluation using the improvement elements of the current combat readiness evaluation in the Korean Army. To do so, the acts and regulations of combat readiness assessment and application cases in field units were analyzed, and the necessary improvements of elements were derived by collecting expert opinions using a Delphi survey. The analysis revealed that the weights for each evaluation element through the analytic hierarchy process survey were presented to assess the quantitative elements (troops, equipment, supplies, and competency) at the C-level, and the use of a judgment process was suggested to assist the commander in reasonably determining the level of qualitative evaluation factors when evaluating the grade (final decision of the level of combat readiness of the unit) at the mission assessment (MA-level). The results of this study can be applied to the assessment of combat readiness level to identify the poor elements of the field units objectively and report them accurately to the upper unit. Future, research must study topics related to the elaboration of assessment elements that can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of combat readiness in terms of organizational competency development.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.172
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
- Development of a teaching competency diagnostic tool for army military
school instructors
Authors: Jongok Park, Sanghun Lee, Yongkwan Kang
Pages: 155 - 177
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching competency diagnosis tool for instructors working in army military schools to improve the quality of education and cultivate the competitiveness of the organization. To this end, previous research data related to the development of teaching competency diagnosis tools were collected and analyzed. Subsequently, focus group interviews and behavioral case interviews with excellent instructors at the Army Military School were conducted, and Delphi surveys were conducted with educational experts to organize teaching competency components and diagnostic tools temporarily. Next, to verify the validity of questionnaire items, a preliminary survey and a main survey were conducted with questionnaires administered to excellent instructors and ordinary instructors to confirm the validity and reliability of the teaching competency diagnosis tool. As a result of the study, four competencies (basic, class, organizational, and digital), 10 major competencies (attitude and attitude as educators, relationship formation, etc.), 25 sub-competencies (responsibility as instructors, initiative, etc.), and 65 behavioral indicators were selected. The diagnostic tools derived through this study are the competencies that instructors must have to perform their duties successfully in military schools. Therefore, our results not only provide information necessary for establishing instructor competency development policies but also contribute greatly to developing programs to strengthen teaching competency in military schools.
PubDate: 2022-12-31
DOI: 10.37944/jams.v5i3.176
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2022)
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