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- Book Review: Christianity and War in Medieval East Central Europe and
Scandinavia by Radosław Kotecki, Carsten Selch Jensen, and Stephen
Bennett-
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Authors: Lars Kjær
Pages: 447 - 448
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 447-448, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: Charles XII: Warrior King by John B. Hattendorf, Åsa
Karlsson, Margriet Lacy-Bruijn, Augustus J. Veenendaal Jr., and Rolof van
Hövell tot Westerflier-
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Authors: Mindaugas Šapoka
Pages: 448 - 450
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 448-450, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874a
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: Revolutionary France’s War of Conquest in the Rhineland:
Conquering the Natural Frontier, 1792-1797 by Jordan R. Hayworth-
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Authors: David Hopkin
Pages: 450 - 451
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 450-451, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874b
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: The Crimean War and its Afterlife: Making Modern Britain by
Lara Kriegel-
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Authors: Joanne Begiato
Pages: 452 - 453
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 452-453, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874c
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: Forging the Border: Donegal and Derry in Times of Revolution,
1911-1925 by Christopher Magill-
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Authors: Thomas Tormey
Pages: 453 - 456
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 453-456, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874d
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: Women’s Experiences of the Second World War: Exile,
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Authors: Emily Machen
Pages: 456 - 457
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 456-457, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874e
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: Dear John: Love and Loyalty in Wartime America by Susan L.
Carruthers-
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Authors: Natalie Shibley
Pages: 457 - 460
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 457-460, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874f
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- Book Review: The Malayan Emergency: Revolution and Counterinsurgency at
the End of Empire by Karl Hack-
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Authors: Huw Bennett
Pages: 460 - 461
Abstract: War in History, Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 460-461, November 2023.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-27T03:03:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231206874g
Issue No: Vol. 30, No. 4 (2023)
- A Challenge to Traditional Tolerance' The British Police and the Anti-War
Movement in the First World War-
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Authors: Haia Shpayer-Makov
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Peace advocates had been active in Britain since the beginning of the nineteenth century, but they were not perceived as a threat that warranted police attention. This changed with the First World War when war resistance and conscientious objection came to be widely seen as a danger to national security. This article seeks to explore the ways in which the British police, hailed far and wide, both in England and abroad, for their tolerance compared to their European counterparts, used their dramatically extended powers to supervise the anti-war campaigns and the circumstances that affected their activities.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-17T08:00:41Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231213975
- The Naval Rearmament Movement in Times of the Liberal Union: Public
Opinion, Strategic Culture and Navalism in Spain (1858–1863)-
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Authors: Rodrigo Escribano Roca, Pablo Guerrero Oñate
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Between 1858 and 1863, a naval rearmament movement developed in Spain that coordinated the efforts of the commercial bourgeoisie, the parliamentary and intellectual elites of liberalism, a sector of the officers of the Navy, the municipalities, the communities of Spanish emigrants in the Americas and the press. The article analyses how these actors favoured the growth of the Real Armada, defending its use as an instrument of Spanish power around the globe. For this reason, certain organic intellectuals devoted themselves to systematising these demands, defining major strategic schemes that influenced the policies adopted by the Ministries of the Navy.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-11-16T06:07:39Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231214989
- Civil Wars: What Is Wrong with History'
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Authors: Javier Rodrigo, David Alegre
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Civil wars constitute an element without which the history of humanity is incomprehensible. Since 1917, they alone claimed some 20 million lives and displaced 67 million people, standing alone as the undisputed primary form of armed conflict worldwide since the end of the Second World War. Their definition is crucial to understand them and to place them within intrastate and transnational policies. However, in its definition, the historical dimension has been systematically undervalued. In this paper, we address both a history of the concept and the elements that, in our opinion, help defining civil wars in historical terms.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-09-06T08:51:06Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231195290
- Through Artillery from Thrust to Fire: How Prussian Military Thinking
Anticipated Emergent Warfare in 1870-
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Authors: Thorsten Loch, Agilolf Kesselring
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Reassessing the reasons for the German military success over France in War of 1870 up to the Battle of Sedan, we relate on publications of contemporary artillery generals, such as Kraft zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen and put the topic into the broader context of warfare since the 1866 German War. We reject the idea of success, being simply based on armament or a special ‘soldierly spirit’, but argue that the main reason for military success was based on reorganization of the Prussian artillery, which paved the way to the future ‘battle of combined arms’ and the dominance of fire over thrust.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-08-31T08:11:15Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231193878
- ‘Boys, Don’t Be Conscripted!’: Military Service and Cultural
Perceptions of the Draftee in America, 1917–1918-
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Authors: Sebastian H. Lukasik
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This article examines the dominant cultural perceptions of the draftee in America during the First World War. It argues that the cultural stigma Americans attached to the stock figure of the draftee functioned as a significant source of opposition to the Selective Service System the US government implemented in 1917 as its primary means of mobilizing military manpower. Ultimately, the cultural stigmatization of the draftee merged with other currents of opposition to conscription as a major barrier to the successful implementation of the draft in the years 1917–1918.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-08-24T06:01:13Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231196534
- Becoming Chilean: Hipólito Gutiérrez and the Construction of Chilean
National Identity During the War of the Pacific (1879–1881)-
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Authors: Stefan Aguirre Quiroga
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This article investigates a memoir written in 1881 by Hipólito Gutiérrez, a semi-literate man from rural Chile, about his experiences as a soldier in the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). Through a microhistorical approach, it seeks to contextualize the memoir with the aim of uncovering how Gutiérrez constructed himself to be Chilean through his participation in the war. Unlike assessments made by past scholars, Gutiérrez cannot be considered representative of Chilean peasant-soldiers. The memoir provides a window into which researchers can see agency in action by a subaltern actor and how national identity is constructed from below.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-08-10T06:45:39Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231194038
- Perplexities Between Enemy Aliens and Their Motherland: The UK
Government's Measures for British Civilians Stranded in the Far East,
1941–2011-
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Authors: Chan Yang
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This paper explores the British government’s measures for its civilian subjects stranded as ‘enemy aliens’ in Japanese-controlled areas in the Far East during World War II. The British government tried to protect the interests of these Far Eastern subjects during the war and in the immediate postwar period. Its manner of dealing with the latter’s redress movement from the late 1980s was initially reluctant but eventually became relatively adequate, thanks to the twin pressures of domestic public opinion and precedents set by other former Allied governments and the resolute struggles of the ex–Far Eastern subjects themselves.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-08-10T06:45:00Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231193882
- The Neglected Campaign: The Italian Navy Contribution to the Siege of
Leningrad-
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Authors: Massimiliano Fiore
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
German and Finnish forces encircled Leningrad in the fall of 1941, but were unable to complete the siege. A passage across Lake Ladoga, through which the Soviets sustained the defence of the city, remained open. To enforce the siege, the German Maritime Warfare Command ordered that light naval forces be transferred to Lake Ladoga. However, the Germans did not have those boats at their disposal and asked the Italians to provide them. Based on a critique of archival sources, this article analyses this largely neglected aspect of the Leningrad campaign and argues that, although the performance of the Regia Marina was excellent, its activity was not decisive in breaking Soviet resistance and forcing the fall of Leningrad. Even though circumstances prevented the Regia Marina from making the impact that its planners had wanted – a naval guerrilla force on Lake Ladoga could never have achieved a tight blockade of Leningrad – the campaign on Lake Ladoga offers an important and enlightening example of Axis wartime collaboration.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-07-05T06:26:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231181897
- Hermann von Boyen the Elder and his Impact on the Prussian Army After 1815
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Authors: Jacek Jędrysiak
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Author of Hermann von Boyen's biography, Friedrich Meinecke stated that the contributions of Prussian twice (1815–1819 and 1841–1847) Minister of War to the military theory were almost completely forgotten. Despite the existence of many thousands of manuscript pages, this opinion is still considered valid to this day. The chief architect of the Landwehr system was also the founder of the concept of the ‘defence system’, crucial to understanding Prussian military thought in the first half of the nineteenth century. This idea influenced, in my opinion, the way of thinking about warfare within the Prussian Army far more than the Carl von Clausewitz's Vom Kriege.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-06-28T06:47:33Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231180247
- Between Preventive Attack and Collaboration: British Military Planning on
Spain, 1940–1944-
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Authors: Juan José Díaz Benítez
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
In the early stages of the Second World War, Spanish dictator Francisco Franco and key regime figures were tempted to enter the war on the Axis side. This temptation was a serious concern for British wartime strategy. This article studies the British military operations prepared to confront the possibility of Spain entering the war between 1940 and 1944. These operations aimed to protect Gibraltar, maintain access through the Strait of Gibraltar, and reduce the Axis threat to maritime communications in the eastern Atlantic. The article sheds new light on three issues: the balance of advantages and disadvantages that the plans entailed and the preparations to carry them out; the simultaneity of planned operations to cooperate with the Spanish Armed Forces and ones to confront them; and the importance of Spanish non-belligerence as a differential factor with respect to other neutral European countries.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-05-25T05:15:19Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231161311
- The Transformation of Cattle Feet to Torpedo Oil: A Case Study in Nazi
German Wartime Recycling-
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Authors: Chad B. Denton
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
In January 1940, the Wehrmacht had only a two-month supply of torpedo oil, an irreplaceable lubricant derived solely from the feet and shinbones of slaughtered cattle. The Wehrmacht resolved this shortage by appointing the man responsible for its supply during the First World War: Alfons Knetsch. This case study shows not only the importance of knowledge transfer from one war to the other but also how competing industrial interests shaped Nazi recycling policy and how an efficient, vigorously managed recycling organization could buy time for the research and development of substitutes, overcoming seemingly impossible raw material bottlenecks.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-05-08T06:19:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231161309
- The Emergence of Maritime Polity in Goa (Tenth Century to Fifteenth
Century CE )-
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Authors: Nagendra Rao
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Scholars, who studied the nature of the Goa Kadamba polity, did not comprehend the fact that the Goa Kadambas exhibited the features of not only coastal polity but also maritime polity. At the same time, we accept the contention that the Shilaharas represented coastal polity while it lacked the features of a maritime polity. We support our argument by using the inscriptional data and foreign travelogue accounts, which exhibit the attempt of the Goa Kadambas to protect their maritime trade interest through their alliance with the Arab traders and maintaining a navy.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-04-12T06:14:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231161225
- Crucial but Overlooked: The Italian Naval Contribution to the Conquest of
Sevastopol-
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Authors: Massimiliano Fiore
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
Axis land forces overran most of the Crimea in October 1941, but were unable to capture Sevastopol. Realizing that sea power was now necessary, Hitler ordered that light boats be transferred to the Black Sea. However, the Germans did not have a sufficient number of small boats at their disposal and asked the Italians to supply them. Based on a critique of archival sources, this article analyses this little-known aspect of the Black Sea campaign and argues that the Italian Flotilla made a crucial, although overlooked, contribution to Sevastopol's conquest, concluding that its activity prevented essential Soviet supply missions.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-03-29T07:20:25Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445231162301
- A Single Imperial Army' The Development of Australian Army Staff Training
in an Imperial Context, 1919–1939-
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Authors: Iain Farquharson
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This article examines the development of Australian staff training across the interwar period. Focussing on the establishment of the Australian Command and Staff School in Sydney in 1938, this article argues that whilst still relying on British educational institutions, the Australian Army developed its own progressive form of officer education which reflected British and Dominion educational lessons from the First World War. By doing so, this article challenges our understanding of the interconnectivity of imperial forces and proposes a more nuanced, networked approach to officer training across the interwar period accounting for local defence priorities and national policies.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-03-08T07:30:19Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445221143757
- “Extremely Depressed with a Hopeless Outlook”: The Experiences of
Psychologically Traumatized Nursing Sisters During and After the First
World War-
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Authors: Lyndsay Rosenthal
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
During the First World War, 2,845 women served as nursing sisters with the Canadian Army Medical Corps. Although the majority of those who enlisted had pre-war training, these experiences did not prepare them for the severity of the injuries they treated, the relentless pace of the work, and the pressures of working within a warzone. How did these women cope with the traumas they witnessed during their service when they returned home' Of the 842 nursing sisters who applied for a pension, 143 (16.7%) reported ongoing mental and nervous illnesses. The postwar experiences of these women reveal some of the traumas and challenges that military nurses faced overseas and when they returned home.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-03-06T07:57:22Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445221133067
- ‘Enough to be Seen to be Onside but Hardly Substantial'’: RAF Bomber
Command and Operation Husky-
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Authors: Richard J. Worrall
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This article considers the operations of RAF Bomber Command in support of Operation Husky. Earmarked to play a considerable supporting role, the piece goes on to examine how valid operational difficulties, rather than the usual supposed notion of Sir Arthur Harris’ aversion to bombing Italy, would conspire to blunt its full participation. In attempting to get around these obstacles, Sir Arthur Tedder proposed a number of solutions, ranging from aircraft loans to having a Lancaster detachment in North Africa, but the Air Staff always supported the Commander-in-Chief Bomber Command in the continuation of the air campaign against Germany.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-02-14T08:43:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445221149679
- Improvising Language Capability: The British Army's Corps of Interpreters,
1914–1915-
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Authors: Jim Beach, James Bruce
Abstract: War in History, Ahead of Print.
This article examines the British army's short-lived Corps of Interpreters on the Western Front during the early stages of the First World War. It begins by establishing a benchmark for the regular army's French language capability in 1914. It then explores the interpreters’ recruitment process, employment, and the corps’ subsequent dissolution. Further insight into their motivation and suitability is then determined through a prosopographical analysis of their backgrounds and accounts of their employment. Overall, the article provides an important case study of the pitfalls of improvising military language capability during a crisis.
Citation: War in History
PubDate: 2023-01-19T06:34:43Z
DOI: 10.1177/09683445221140305
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