 Subjects -> ANTHROPOLOGY (Total: 398 journals)
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- CAVE ENTRANCE LOCATION MODEL USING BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION: THE CASE
STUDY OF SOUTH GOMBONG KARST REGION, INDONESIA
Authors: Rakhmat Dwi Putra, Wirastuti Widyatmanti, Retnadi Heru Jatmiko, Tjahyo Nugroho Adji, Deha Agus Umarhadi
Pages: 229– - 229–
Abstract: Cave entrance data is crucial as the primary indicator in the underground river inventory of karst area. The data collection was traditionally conducted by field survey, but it is very costly and not efficient. Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) can help estimate cave entrance locations more efficiently. This study aims to 1) determine variables to identify cave entrances using remote sensing and GIS approach, and 2) examine the accuracy of the cave entrance location model. Several remote sensing data and geological data were used including ALOS PALSAR Digital Elevation Model (DEM), DEMNAS DEM, topographic map, and geological map. Topographic elements were extracted by using toposhape and Topographic Position Index (TPI). Contour derived from topographic map showed the highest accuracy to extract topographic elements compared to ALOS PALSAR DEM and DEMNAS, hence it was used for further analysis. A binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the probability of cave entrances based on the variables used. The result shows that three topographic variables, i.e., ravine, stream, and midslope drainage, had a significant value for estimating cave entrance location. Using these three variables, a logit equation was formulated to generate a probability map. The result shows that cave entrances are likely to be located in a dry valley. The accuracy assessment using the field data showed that 52.78% of cave entrances are located at medium to high potential areas. This suggests that the moderate-high potential area can indicate potential water resources in the karst area.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203229P
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT IN SOUTHWEST BULGARIA DURING THE PERIOD
1961–2020
Authors: Reni Stoyanova, Nina Nikolova
Pages: 243– - 243–
Abstract: Although drought is a common phenomenon in Southern Europe, including Bulgaria, it can have adverse effects on human life and economic activities (water scarcity, reduced agricultural production, and economic losses to agriculture). This event occurs regionally, but it can spread over large areas. Whether it will be perceived as a hazard depends on the affected areas and the degree of impact. The article aims to provide new insight into the meteorological drought in the most densely populated NUTS 2 region of Bulgaria—the Yugozapaden (Southwestern). Based on Standardized Precipitation Indices (SPI-1 and SPI-3), its occurrence during the period 1961–2020 was analysed in terms of duration, intensity, and magnitude. The maximum drought duration and average drought intensity were determined using SPI-1. The seasonal distribution of drought shows its higher frequency in spring and summer, but on the other side, extreme drought was more common in winter and autumn. The maximum drought duration was observed mainly in the 1990s.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203243S
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- URBAN FLOODS MANAGEMENT USING AHP AND FMEA METHODS—CASE STUDY OF
BEJAIA, ALGERIA
Authors: Noredine Azoune, Marzouk Cherrared
Pages: 257– - 257–
Abstract: This study aims to help the management of the Stormwater Drainage System (SDS) of Bejaia City to manage urban flood problems, i.e., to provide them with tools for a better organization of information on SDS combined with a better optimization of its interventions on the network. Our study is based on a multicriteria analysis of the “SDS–inundation–Impact” system. We used a multicriteria approach and classified the overflow points called Black Points (BPs) using two methods: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Failure Mode, Effect and criticality Analysis (FMEA). The criteria and the evaluation scale were defined on the basis of past observations, expert opinions, and feedback experience. The map of the past flooded areas was made and used to calibrate the two models. We mapped the BPs according to intervention priorities (one to four). The outcomes from both models are greatly comparable to the results of the impact assessment of past floods. The proposed approach can also reduce flood risks by integrating some of influencing factors (causing floodings) and the application can be adapted and implemented in other cities too. Both methods are reliable, particularly the AHP for the most overflowing BPs. They could be advantageously combined to improve decision-making.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203257A
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SIMULATION AND PREDICTION OF LAND USE AND LAND
COVER CHANGES AND URBAN GROWTH (CASE STUDY: SANANDAJ CITY IN IRAN)
Authors: Morteza Shabani, Shadman Darvishi, Hamidreza Rabiei-Dastjerdi, Seyed Ali Alavi, Tanupriya Choudhury, Karim Solaimani
Pages: 273– - 273–
Abstract: One of the growing areas in the west of Iran is Sanandaj city, the center of Kordestan province, which requires the investigation of the city's growth and the estimation of land degradation. Today, the combination of remote sensing data and spatial models is a useful tool for monitoring and modeling land use and land cover (LULC) changes. In this study, LULC changes and the impact of Sanandaj city growth on land degradation in geographical directions during the period 1989 to 2019 were investigated. Also, the accuracy of three models, artificial neural network-cellular automata (ANN-CA), logistic regression-cellular automata (LR-CA), and the weight of evidence-cellular automata (WOE-CA) for modeling LULC changes was evaluated, and the results of these models were compared with the CA-Markov model. According to the results of the study, ANN-CA, LR-CA, and WOE-CA models, with an accuracy of more than 80%, are efficient and effective for modeling LULC changes and growth of urban areas.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203273S
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- SELECTED ASPECTS OF THE LIFEWORLD OF YOUNG WOMEN ILLUSTRATED BY THE
DISTRICT OF SOUTH-EASTERN STYRIA
Authors: Josef Gspurning
Pages: 291– - 291–
Abstract: The worldwide trend of migration from the peripheral rural areas (“rural exodus”) to the central areas of a region raises the question of how to deal with it in some regions of Austria. On the one hand, the loss of population always represents a loss of importance for a municipality, whereas on the other hand, a strong influx puts a strain on the central areas and the increased land consumption poses a challenge for the environment and spatial planners. Depending on the region, this can have various causes, whereby specific pull factors of the central areas as well as a set of push factors of the surroundings are relevant. Within the framework of a study lasting several years and using a mix of selected methods, an attempt was made to work out or characterize those aspects of the female rural lifeworld that represent the decisive factors for shaping the further life paths of women. In this context, the economic structure and organization proved to be particularly important factors for successful economic and land use development, sufficient natural resources, and environmental quality for housing and quality of life as well as a potential for a leisure economy, good accessibility, and infrastructure in terms of transport development and information and telecommunication technologies (distance to the higher-level economic centers is a significant obstacle to development). Finally, cultural values, social trends, and human capital with the existing gender-specific role patterns also play a certain role in the consideration of migration.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203291G
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- RESEARCH ON THE FREQUENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING METHODS IN
GEOGRAPHY CLASSES: AN EXAMPLE OF SELF-OBSERVATION OF TEACHING PRACTICES
Authors: Filip Domaćinović, Ružica Vuk
Pages: 307– - 307–
Abstract: Since the school year (SY) 2019/2020, the curriculum of Geography has been gradually implemented in Croatia. The purpose of this survey is to gather information on the frequency and effectiveness of teaching methods in Geography teaching over two school years by means of direct participant observation method. In the SY 2020/2021, a study was carried out in two high schools in Osijek-Baranja County for three learning outcomes. Using a pre-made template for the self-observation of the teaching process, 12 lessons in the second and the third grade were observed and later interpreted using descriptive statistics methods. During the SY 2021/2022, the same method was carried out for eight lessons in six schools with a high-school program for three learning outcomes in the second grade, two in the third grade, and one in the fourth grade. Results show the domination of the discussion teaching method, followed by indirect graphic method, and then work-on-text method, while among the most common methods used, the rarest are oral presentation (done by pupils) and direct graphic method. The results found demonstrate a significant shift toward the use of more effective teaching methods compared to older papers in Croatia. The students reported a higher level of satisfaction with the lessons than the teachers did. The method of direct participant observation, complemented with a structured interview, can provide relevant information on the quality of teaching as a prerequisite for the achievement of the learning outcomes specified in the curriculum for Geography.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203307D
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCE OF SETTLEMENTS AND ITS DEMOGRAPHIC COMPONENT IN THE
TRANSITION PHASE OF THE DAILY URBAN SYSTEM
Authors: Marko Filipović, Nikola Krunić, Ekaterina Zhelenkova
Pages: 323– - 323–
Abstract: The transition period of post-socialist cities brought significant demographic and spatial changes within their daily urban systems (DUS). Functional transformations of the core, as well as functionally dependent settlements in the mentioned systems, had a significant impact on the daily mobility of the population. For the purposes of this paper, the example of Belgrade was taken as the core of the most significant DUS on the territory of Serbia, and beyond its borders. As a research time frame the focus is on the first intercensal period of the 21st century, taking into account social and economic changes in that period. The daily mobility of the labor force was used as a relevant indicator of the functional manifestation of the work center and the functional direction of the residential settlement. A model of the spatial manifestation of the workforce daily mobility was used as a basis for researching the structure, changes, and determining the boundaries of the territorial scope of the DUS. Based on the presented results, dynamic changes within the DUS of Belgrade were determined, which are manifested through an increase in its spatial and population coverage, as well as through the changes in the degree of functional dependence of the settlements that participate in it. Conclusions were drawn on the connection between the transformation of the DUS and its demographic component, as well as the factors that initiate the investigated changes.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203323F
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- PUBLIC SPACES AS A PALIMPSEST OF CITY LAYERS: THE CASE OF BAHARESTAN
SQUARE IN TEHRAN (IRAN)
Authors: Hamza Benacer, Narges Golkar, Khalil Bachir Aouissi
Pages: 341– - 341–
Abstract: This paper intends to underline the importance of historic public spaces as the deposits of collective memories, proposing the critical analysis, reinterpretation, and systematization of relevant informative historical layers as a counter model to the globalizing tendencies and their fast pace of transformation. Baharestanis a historic square located in the northeast of Tehran’s Historic Center, and it is the home to Iran’s Parliament and the Ministry of Culture. It makes the square significant at the national level, especially due to its location surrounded by several exquiste historical heritage buildings. However, following the decline of Tehran’s historic center, Baharestan lost its socio-cultural vitality and spatial quality, hosting urban functions mainly heterogeneous to its identity, and eventually turning into a traffic node. Through the comparative study of numerous historical documents, and adapting the concept of “palimpsest”, Baharestan Square has been interpreted as the assemblage of different city layers in relation to the environmental and socio-political narratives of the city. The shift from one layer to another intends to reflect some of the lost memories of Tehran and its collective identity in the transition from traditional to modern society. Later on, the paper argues how this palimpsest quality and co-evolution of those plural layers and narratives in Baharestan demonstrate this symbolic square as a “catalytic social infrastructure”, giving Tehran an opportunity to overcome the challenge of “social amnesia” and promoting its civic culture and cohesion.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203341B
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
- WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: METHODS, APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Marko V. Milošević
Pages: 355– - 355–
Abstract: The paper represents a review of the monograph entitled Water Resources Management: Methods, Applications and Challenges, published in the series of Water Resources Planning, Development and Management by the Nova Science Publishers Inc. The aim of the review is to present a prominent monograph of international significance to the scientific community and broader readership. The monograph contains various aspects of water resources management, including their use for different purposes and impacts of natural factors and anthropogenic pressures on water resources.
PubDate: 2022-12-20
DOI: 10.2298/IJGI2203355M
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 3 (2022)
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