 Subjects -> ANTHROPOLOGY (Total: 398 journals)
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- Colophon 9.3
Authors: Tamas Komives
Pages: i - i
Abstract: .
PubDate: 2023-09-15
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
- Effects of organic composite fertilizer on soil nitrogen status and
mineralization
Authors: Florence Alexandra Tóth, Gizem Yüksel, János Tamás, Peter Tamas Nagy
Pages: 1 - 9
Abstract: A short-term soil incubation experiment was set up to obtain information to clarify the effect of our developed organic composite fertilizer on soil nitrogen mineralization. The composite was designed to have beneficial effects on the properties of chicken manure and to improve soil water management properties in addition to organic matter replenishment. In the incubation experiment, two different additives, bentonite, and super absorbent polymer, were used to enhance the properties of fermented chicken manure. Developed prototype products were tested in a four-week-long soil incubation experiment in two typical Hungarian soils: brown forest soil with a sandy texture and chernozem soil at two different water capacities (40 w/w % and 60 w/w %). Soil pH, and inorganic nitrogen forms, like nitrate and ammonium, were measured weekly. Furthermore, the potentially mineralized nitrogen and net mineralization rate were calculated. The applied composite was not affected the soil pH significantly in the examined period. The soil nitrate and ammonium ratio was changed during the incubation as the ammonium content in the soil decreased while nitrate content increased continuously throughout the experiment. This suggests that the incubation experiment successfully monitored the delicate balance of soil nitrogen forms. It was found that the chernozem soil type had a higher mineralization potential compared to brown forest soil due to its higher nutrient and organic matter contents. Moreover, our results pointed out that soil moisture content did not significantly affect the mineralization process. The amount of mineral nitrogen, generated per week can be described by a linear relationship for both soil types and water regimes. The composite product showed efficacy in promoting mineralization processes, particularly in soils with low nutrient status and mineralization potential.
PubDate: 2023-09-15
DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.329
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
- Performance of bituminous paving mixtures containing recycled concrete
aggregate, fly ash and rice husk ash: A probabilistic approach
Authors: Jyoti Prakash Giri, Mahabir Panda, Monalisa Priyadarshini
Pages: 10 - 22
Abstract: Due to the rapid increase in construction activities, the depletion of natural resources is accelerating. Extensive research has focused on finding alternative materials to conserve resources and minimize costs. This study explores the utilization of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a substitute for coarse aggregate, along with waste materials like fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) as fillers in bituminous paving mixtures. The aim is to address environmental concerns and waste disposal issues. The research evaluates the performance of different filler types in non-conventional bituminous mixtures using VG 30 grade bitumen as a binder, specifically for lower bituminous layers. A typical bitumen concentration of 5% by weight of dense bituminous macadam (DBM) mixtures is chosen based on existing literature. The study assesses various performance characteristics, including Marshall parameters, indirect tensile strength, and moisture susceptibility. A probabilistic approach is employed to determine the most suitable distribution model, focusing on retained stability (RS) as a measure of moisture susceptibility. For this, fifteen distribution functions were considered with three Goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests. To identify the best suitable function, 50 numbers of samples were prepared to find RS with two types of fillers and two types of coarse aggregate. Experimental results indicate that mixtures with natural aggregate exhibit slightly superior performance, but those with RCA meet all the requirements specified in relevant Indian codes and specifications. The probability analysis confirms that the Burr distribution best fits the experimental data, particularly for moisture susceptibility characteristics.
PubDate: 2023-09-15
DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.335
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
- Research trends in the environmental assessment of poplar plantations in
Hungary: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Budi Mulyana, András Polgár, Andrea Vityi
Pages: 23 - 32
Abstract: Climate change mitigation and adaptation are essential issues at many summit meetings. Environmental assessment is a possible tool to describe the potential sequestration of carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. The forest carbon stock and life cycle assessment approach was used here to analyze poplar plantations in Hungary. This study aims to describe the research trends of environmental assessment of poplar plantations in Hungary using VOSviewer software. A total of 1,528 documents from the Scopus database were used in this research. VOSviewer analysis was conducted to detail the bibliometric maps from generic (“forest” OR “forestry” AND “Hungary”), medium (“poplar” AND “Hungary”), and specific (“poplar” AND “carbon” AND “Hungary” / (“poplar” AND “life cycle assessment”) OR (“LCA” AND “Hungary”). The findings show that the number of documents on forest research in Hungary has increased significantly since the 2000s. However, items on environmental assessment, either forest carbon or life cycle assessment, produced only a tiny number with weak links. In conclusion, i). the large number of collected documents produced more clusters; ii). The item of Hungary is the most frequently used keyword in the research article; and iii). The research theme of environmental assessment (carbon sequestration and life cycle assessment) of poplar plantations in Hungary is the continuing lack of knowledge. Furthermore, the research on biodiversity and climate change mitigation (carbon stock and sequestration) were prominent topics that many researchers do. In the future, research on climate change mitigation through the life cycle assessment to analyze global warming potential (GWP) from forestry activities is a prospective research topic to enrich the study on poplar bioenergy plantations.
PubDate: 2023-09-15
DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.339
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
- Review of 6PPD-quinone environmental occurrence, fate, and toxicity in
stormwater
Authors: Nina Ricci Nicomel, Loretta Li
Pages: 33 - 46
Abstract: The antioxidant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is widely used to improve the durability of rubber. However, one of its transformation products, 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), was recently found to be toxic. Herein, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of 6PPD-Q ecological and human-linked toxicity to facilitate the preparation of robust and specific environmental standards and policies. We reviewed 6PPD-Q environmental occurrence, fate, and toxicity originating from stormwater runoff and summarised its origin and environmental shaping conditions. Stormwater runoff was found to be the main driver in introducing 6PPD-Q into the environment. 6PPD-Q detection in roadside soils and other vehicle-related environments indicates that vehicle tyres are the major source of this compound; its presence in the soil can contaminate plants, thereby entering the food cycle. 6PPD-Q air concentrations were higher at roadside sites than at secluded building sites. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying 6PPD-Q toxicity and their relationship to various environmental factors, other contaminants, and removal technologies remain unknown. Addressing these gaps can help raise 6PPD-Q environmental risk awareness and facilitate development innovations to mitigate 6PPD-Q-linked risks.
PubDate: 2023-09-15
DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.347
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
- Why do food loss and waste matter for food security - from the
perspectives of cause and magnitude
Authors: Yue Wu, Katalin Takács-György
Pages: 47 - 61
Abstract: Food security has raised crisis alarms all over the world. Especially nowadays, conventional agriculture is threatened by climate change and extreme weather, and the agri-food system is loading the increasing population burden. Food loss and waste (FLW) have gotten more and more attention. Still, the main research focus is on a narrowed and specific stage of the food value chain of specific food types in a particular area, which lacks an overall comprehensive understanding of this topic from a broad view. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of food loss and waste and provide a useful theoretical background to public decision-makers and individuals to reduce food loss and waste for a better and more sustainable society, economy, and environment. Secondary research and content analysis are used in this review as methodology, following Michael E. Porter’s value chain theory, to analyze and simplify the sustainable path (in light of the cause and magnitude of food security based on the nexus between food security and food loss and waste across the entire food value chain (from the main manifestation of FLW: agricultural production stages, such as cultivation or breeding and storage, post-harvest processing and distribution, and retail and consumption. We also provided the Ishikawa model diagram to better explain the causes of food loss and waste. And other manifestations, such as the COVID-19 and Russia and Ukraine war). To conclude, reducing food loss and waste is crucial for sustainable food security, but the manifestation of FLW differ in different stage of the value chain and different food types. Generally speaking, production sees the most loss, while consumption sees the most waste. Therefore, we suggest both public and private should be aware that producing more food and utilizing food resources properly along different stages of the value chain is equally important.
PubDate: 2023-09-20
DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.337
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 3 (2023)
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