 Subjects -> GEOGRAPHY (Total: 493 journals)
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- The Relationship between physical activity level and some risk factors of
coronary heart disease in retired male teachers of Samen city.
Abstract: AbstractBackground and objective: this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and physical activity of retired male teachers of Samen city.Materials and methods: The statistical population of this study included the retired male teachers of Samen city. From the statistical population Using random sampling method, 55 retired teachers were selected as sample. The physical activity level of the subjects was done through the Beck questionnaire. The research measurements included determining body weight, height, body mass index, and determining some risk factors for coronary heart disease, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and fasting blood glucose (FBG). For data analysis, appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics methods including Kolmogorov Smirnov test and Pearson correlation were used at a significance level of 0.05.Result: After examination, the results of this study showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between the level of physical activity with FBG, TC, LDL and a positive and significant correlation with HDL. While, there was no significant relationship between physical activity level and triglyceride level.Conclusion: Considering the unfavorable situation of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly men, and considering the positive effect of physical activity and exercise in reducing these factors, it is necessary to take measures to emphasize regular exercise programs and improve their health.
- An Investigation of Effects of Different Exercise Trainings on Patients
with Multiple Sclerosis: A review study
Abstract: Purpose: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which is on the rise in recent years especially in Iran. Although there has been much progress in MS treatment, there is no definitive cure for it. Considering high prices of prescription drugs and their serious side effects as well as, impact of this illness on function efficiency of individuals, it seems that exercise training is one of the effective, cheap, and without side effects methods, in improvement of the performance of MS patients. Accordingly, the present study aimed to provide comprehensive information on the background and the latest researches conducted to evaluate the effect of various exercise trainings on this disease. For this purpose, a review of the impact of resistance, aerobic, core stability, Pilates, and combined exercises has been done. Methods: An electronic search from 1994 to 2021was performed in the Magiran, SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases to find published articles. The keywords were multiple sclerosis, physical activity, exercise, training, aerobics, resistance, combine, core stability and Pilates. Different articles were selected and reviewed according to relation with subject. Results: The results indicate that various exercise training with different duration, intensity, and frequency cause different adaptations in people. Furthermore, regular continuous combined exercise training can be more effective than one type of exercise training in improvement and reduction of the symptoms of MS disease. The mechanism of improvement in combined exercises can be justified due to the benefits of concurrent use of two or more types of sports training protocols. Conclusions: It can be said that the combined use of exercise training is the most useful and effective method for these patients. However, further studies need to be conducted regarding the best combination of workouts for MS patients in the future.
- Effects of Improved Sleep Quality with Administration of Melatonin plus
GABA on Total-body Skeletal Muscle Mass of Amateur CrossFit Athletes
Abstract: Introduction: Sleep and exercise influence each other through complex interactions. Sleep disorders incidence in athletes are high among several sports. People who suffer from sleep disorders have impaired sports performance and difficulty gaining muscle mass. Hormone levels such as testosterone and cortisol may be altered as a cause or consequence. So, improving sleep quality and a careful assessment of other tests are key to improving performance in sport. Material and Methods: 24 CrossFit practitioners, of both genders, between the ages of 25 and 35, presenting difficulty in initiating sleep, with a total sleep time of less than 6 hours per night, were recruited into a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that lasted 8 weeks. Participants received capsules containing 3 mg of melatonin + 1200 mg of GABA (gamma-Aminobutyric acid) or placebo at 10:00 pm daily. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), cortisol and testosterone levels were measured and total-body skeletal muscle mass (TBSMM) by Lee’s equation performed by two different examiners.Results: Group melatonin + GABA gained an average of 600g of TBSMM while the control group lost 200g (p = 0.295). Both groups improve PSQI score (p = 0.007). No difference was found in cortisol and testosterone level. Conclusion: Although there was a difference between groups about TBSMM, it wasn’t statistically significant. Further studies will be necessary to demonstrate evidence of increased TBSMM from better sleep quality, with a larger number of participants and a longer trial.
- Comparing the effects of eight weeks of low-volume and high-volume High
Intensity interval training on lactate response and some performance
indicators of soccer players
Abstract: Introduction: High-intensity interval training is an effective training method for improving the aerobic and anaerobic power of athletes; however, the role of activity volume in high-intensity interval training efficiency is still unclear. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of low- and high-volume high-intensity interval training on aerobic power, anaerobic power, and lactate response in young soccer players were compared.Methods: In this study, 24 professional soccer players aged 20 to 22 who had no history of illness or taking supplements were chosen and randomly assigned to two groups of high-volume and low-volume high intensity interval training. High-intensity interval training was completed for eight weeks. Training sessions included 5 min of warm-up, the main training phase, and cooling down. The training phase in the first week included 8 repetitions of 15 s of running with maximum power and 15 s of rest. Every week, the number of repetitions was increased by two running test, and anaerobic power was evaluated using the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST). Moreover, the level of blood lactate resulting from the RAST test was also measured using a lactometer.Results: Blood lactate levels were reduced by 12% in the high-volume interval group and by 10% in the low-volume interval group in response to exercise. In addition, statistical analysis revealed that the blood lactate levels in response to exercise after 8 weeks of training were similar in both groups. On the other hand, , there was no significant difference in aerobic and anaerobic power between the high-volume and low-volume groups after eight weeks of interval training.Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the present research indicated that intense interval training has a significant impact on improving aerobic performance, anaerobic markers, and lactate response in young soccer players, and there is no superiority between high- and low-volume training.
- Investigating the relationship between serum calcium and alkaline
phosphatase with bone mineral density in active and inactive men
Abstract: AbstractObjective: Osteoporosis is a decrease in bone density among older adults that can cause painful fractures and disability. One of the most important effective non-pharmacological interventions is having appropriate and continuous physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase with femur bone mineral density in active and inactive men.Materials and methods: This study was semi-experimental. 35 active and 35 inactive elderly men aged 65 to 80 years with medical records were selected. Anthropometric characteristics, serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase of subjects were used as effective indicators of osteoporosis. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to find the relationship between femur mineral density and serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase, data analysis was done using SPSS version 26 software.Findings: The results of this research showed that in both groups of active and inactive men, there was a significant relationship between serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase and femur mineral density (P≤0.05). No significant relationship was found between the height index and mineral density of the femur (P≥0.05).Conclusion: In general, the results show that there is a significant relationship between bone density and weight, age, calcium, phosphorus, and serum alkaline phosphatase of all subjects, and the effect of exercise on other bone density indicators can be investigated.
- THE EFFECT OF CORE STABILIZATION EXERCISE (CSE) AND HIGH-POWER LASER (HPL)
ON CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN (CLBP) IN FEMALE ATHLETES
Abstract: Purpose: Low back pain (LBP) frequently occurs in daily life. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is defined as pain in the lumbosacral area of the spine, of more than 12 weeks' duration. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high-power therapy (HPL) with core stabilization exercise (CSE), in the treatment of CLBP. Methods: A total of 30 female patients participated in this study, with a mean (SD) age of 32.23 (7.85) years. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups and treated with HPL (HPL group, n=15), and core stabilization exercise (EXS group, n=15). ROM of lumbar spine was measured by an inclinometer. The outcomes measured pain and functional disability using visual analog scale (VAS), Roland Disability Questionnaire (RDQ), and Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ). Statistical analyses were performed to compare within and between group differences. Results: ROM, VAS, RDQ and MODQ showed significantly improve after 4-week treatment in both groups (P<0.05). However, there was no significant between-group differences in any variables (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both treatments were effective in the treatment of CLBP in female athletes.
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