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- Determinants of Household Fuelwood Consumption in Public Residential
Estates in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Gabriel Igbe Akeh , Babayo Mohammed Adamu , Haruna Adamu , Shuaibu Mohammed Ade
Pages: 1 - 11
Abstract: The type of energy utilized by households is a good reflection of the quality of life and socio-economic development in any given country. Unfortunately, the continued dependence on traditional fuels such as fuelwood as a major source of energy for domestic purposes particularly in Nigeria is generating concerns due to its negative environmental, socio-economic and health effects. This study was therefore undertaken to examine the factors that drive household fuelwood consumption in public residential estates in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. A survey questionnaire was used to elicit data from a sample of 355 household-heads that were selected using systematic random sampling technique from a population of 3,192 households. The data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Square regression analysis. The results revealed that gender, marital status, larger household size and prices of alternative fuels had positive and significant correlation with the quantity of fuelwood consumed in households while higher level of education, higher income; location of residence, share of dwelling and prices of fuelwood were significant and negatively related to fuelwood consumption. It is recommended that stakeholders and policy makers in the energy sector should vigorously promote access to affordable and modern energy sources for household cooking activities by subsidizing the prices of modern fuels and increasing the availability of electricity supply to households. This will go a long way to reducing the rate of indoor air pollution and other environmental consequences associated with the use of fuelwood in the study area. Finally, there is the need for proactive enlightenment campaigns with a view to strengthening public awareness on the deleterious effects of the consumption of solid fuels such as fuelwood in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
PubDate: 2023-05-18
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i5682
Issue No: Vol. 27, No. 5 (2023)
- Space Based Assessment of Base Transceiver Stations in Kwamba, Niger
State, Nigeria
Authors: F. N. Sedwaa , O. Iwu , N. M. Ihenacho , O. M. Aderoju
Pages: 12 - 24
Abstract: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) started operations in Nigeria on the 16th of May, 2001. An important feature of the communication system is the Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). However, their installations have brought about public concerns and fears, specifically to issues relating to environmental risk, public health and sometimes construction problems that might result to mast collapse. This study is aimed at identifying the spatial distribution of BTS in Kwamba, analysing the terrain of the study area and examining their level of compliance to NESREA standards for siting a BTS. The data for the Kwamba study was collected from two sources; Primary and Secondary sources. The primary data include the use of GPS to obtain coordinates of the GSM base stations and their respective elevations. The Secondary and geographic data includes Google Earth imagery obtained from Google Earth, Landsat images, SRTM data from USGS Earth Explorer and shape files (roads etc) from OSM data. ArcMap was used to plot a map showing the distribution and slope extraction of the study area to provide information on the terrain. Also, using NESREA stated standard, 10metre buffer test on all existing BTS in Kwamba was carried out using ArcMap. Findings from the research revealed that there are 24 BTS distributed randomly in Kwamba. 7 out of the 24 failed the 10metre buffer test, meaning they were not in compliance with 10m setback distance as stated by NESREA for locating a BTS close to residential homes. The study recommends that stakeholder(s) imbibe the use of GIS techniques in the siting of BTS as it will assist in monitoring of non-compliance to the regulated standard of NESREA by the service providers. The adaptation of use of GIS techniques will also assist the regulatory bodies in effectively carrying out constant supervision of the service providers.
PubDate: 2023-05-19
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i5683
Issue No: Vol. 27, No. 5 (2023)
- Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Owerri Municipal and Its
Environs, Imo State, Nigeria (2005 – 2015)
Authors: E. Ejenma, Femi Martins Durumbah-Obi, Olufemi Falana, Ajiere; Susan
Pages: 25 - 35
Abstract: Land use/land cover changes in Owerri Municipal and its environs which included Orogwe, Ubomiri, Emii, Uratta, Ihiagwa and Egbu were studied as being driven by rapid population growth for urbanisation. The study applied the digital technology of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (ARC GIS 9.3 Version software). These tools were implored to generate land use/land cover maps for the period; 2005, 2010 and 2015 and to determine the area in km2 of each of the six classes of land use/land cover types, the percentage change of the total area covered, accuracy of the overall classification including the Kappa coefficient, while a classification scheme was used to develop the classified land use/land cover maps. Also satellite imagery for the period (2005-2015) was imputed into the ENVI 4.5 software environment, composited, digitized and exported to the Arc. GIS where they were clipped with the study area. The extracted image of the study area was then exported back to the ENVI 4.5 environment for Arc.GIS environment in TIFF format. This was followed by a colour separation in the imagery repeated for all the raw satellite imagery. Image interpretation was done on ENVI 4.5 software based on a set of pixels of the Region Of Interest (ROI). Results are that Kappa coefficient values were high enough for the period of study with 0.9099, 0.9557 and 0.9685 for 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively indicating a strong agreement between the classified maps and ground referenced information. Integrating GIS and satellite remote sensing with high spectral, spatial and temporal resolution at the local scale to develop urban environmental monitoring, effective land use planning and management of the current growth pattern were among others recommended.
PubDate: 2023-05-22
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i5684
Issue No: Vol. 27, No. 5 (2023)
- Analysis of Morphometric Traits and Ecological Threats in Stubbs Creek
Forest Reserve, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Umana S. Umana , Uwem J. Ituen , Imoh E. Ukpong , Unwana S. Koffi
Pages: 36 - 48
Abstract: This study was conducted in Stubbs Creek Forest Reserve, (SCFR) Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The aim was to analyse the morphometric traits of this area, using some relevant terrain attributes (elevation, slope and aspect) in ascertaining areas threatened by significant ecological problems such as flood, erosion and others. In terms of method of study, a digital elevation model (DEM) was purchased as a raster with longitude and latitude; geo-referenced, but re-projected to WGS, UTM zone 32 N in order to enhance data integration into the GIS interfaces. The surface operation tool of ArcGIS 9.3 spatial analyst extension was used to extract the different layers being elevation, slope and aspect. These were subjected to reclassification function in the same software to harmonise the units of measurement for integration into the same analysis environment. After reclassification, the layers were taken to map algebra environment to model erosion, flood hazards and possibility of siltation of streams, tributaries and wetlands in this area. Consequently, slope, elevation and aspect were the surface layers utilized for the single output map algebra. The result confirmed the elevation of this area to be low-lying altitude above the mean sea level with Open Water, Sea Level Terrain, Beach Ridge Complex, Alluvial Plain Sands with Mangroves and Gently Undulating Coastal Plain Sands as the five significant terrain classes in SCFR. The result further revealed that areas without adequate vegetation cover recorded series of ecological hitches than areas with adequate vegetation cover. Specifically, the identified problems included water pollution, coastal erosion, land degradation, soil contamination, flood, habitat fragmentation, distortion of wetlands and siltation of streams, rills and tributaries which restriction of anthropogenic activities and adequate restoration measures in SCFR are strongly recommended for its sustainability.
PubDate: 2023-05-24
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i5685
Issue No: Vol. 27, No. 5 (2023)
- Experimental Study Corrosion Parameters of Copper as an Eco-Friendly Heat
Collector for Solar Water Heaters
Authors: J. C. Morka , O. C. Molua , A. Egheneji , M. Edobor , F. C. Ighrakpata
Pages: 49 - 55
Abstract: The corrosion behaviour of copper as a solar collector material was adequately simulated in tests in a solar water heating system. The weight loss technique of corrosion determination was used under exposure conditions ranging from slightly acidic to alkaline. Uniform corrosion was observed and corrosion rates; calculated estimates of the life of a typical collector made of copper were evaluated and found to be below 0.0254 mmpy and the subsequent evaluation of the life of a 3mm thick pipe shows lives of over a hundred years under the varying exposure conditions. A significant fact is that uniform corrosion took place over the period of the test.
PubDate: 2023-05-26
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i5686
Issue No: Vol. 27, No. 5 (2023)
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