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- The diagnostic continua of the soils of Europe
Authors: Ádám Csorba, Arwyn Jones, Tamás Szegi, Endre Dobos, Erika Michéli
Pages: 313 - 323
Abstract: Diagnostic horizons, properties and materials are commonly applied building units of national and international soil classification systems. The presence, depth or absence of diagnostic information supports the process of objective soil classification, such as the World Reference Base (WRB). While the diagnostic units and associated descriptive qualifiers convey information that reflect pedogenesis, they also indicate important, and often complex properties that are related to soil fertility and other soil functions. The spatial extent or the continuum of diagnostic information is often different from the spatial extent of the mapping units in general soil maps (mostly reflecting soil types). This paper presents the spatial distribution of selected diagnostic units and qualifiers for the European Union and describes their significance for key soil functions. The derivation of selected diagnostics was performed based on the information provided in the European Soil Database and by taking into consideration the definitions, rules and allocation procedure of soils to the appropriate Reference Soil Group (RSG) defined by the WRB key. The definition of the presence/absence of the diagnostic units were performed by extracting information related to the first level of the WRB classification and to the qualifiers provided by the ESDB on the Soil Taxonomic Units (STU) level. The areal percentage of the STUs (thus, the derived diagnostics) within Soil Mapping Units (SMUs) was calculated and was visualized on separate maps. The study demonstrated the importance of the spatial information that the diagnostic elements convey, especially related to soil functions.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.1
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Projected values of thermal and precipitation climate indices for the
broader Carpathian region based on EURO-CORDEX simulations
Authors: Nóra Skarbit, János Unger, Tamás Gál
Pages: 325 - 347
Abstract: Since our climate is in a rapid changing phase, it is crucial to get information about the regional patterns of basic climatic parameters and indices. The EURO-CORDEX project provides high quality regional climate model outputs, but these raw datasets are not convenient for the application in wider geoscience studies. According to the authors’ knowledge, there is a lack in published spatial information about basic climate parameters and indices in Central-Europe and especially in the broader Carpathian region therefore the basic aim of this study to fill this gap. The study presents the future trends in daily air temperature and precipitation and various climatic indices in the broader Carpathian Basin region during the 21st century. The indices are calculated using multi-model average temperature and precipitation data from EURO-CORDEX model simulations for the future time periods (2021–2050, 2071–2100) and emission scenarios (RCP4.5, RCP8.5). The indices present the future trends of the heat load, energy demand as well as extreme precipitation and drought characteristics. Based on the results the temperature increase is obvious and the heat load and energy demand quantifying indices follow the temperature trend. However, the trend is difficult to evaluate in case of precipitation. The changes in the precipitation and the related indices can be considered small and appear within the regions. The future changes are the most considerable in the Carpathian Basin, but the entire examined region faces crucial changes in the following decades.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.2
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Predicting the future land-use change and evaluating the change in
landscape pattern in Binh Duong province, Vietnam
Authors: Dang Hung Bui, László Mucsi
Pages: 349 - 364
Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to simulate future land use up to 2030 and to evaluate the change in landscape pattern due to land-use change from 1995 to 2030 in Binh Duong province, Vietnam. Land-use maps generated from multi-temporal Landsat images from 1995 to 2020 and various physical and social driving variables were used as inputs. Markov chain and Decision Forest algorithm integrated in Land Change Modeler application of IDRISI software were used to predict quantity and location of future land-use allocation. Meanwhile, FRAGSTATS software was used to calculate landscape metrics at class and landscape levels. The simulation results showed that there will be 253.8 km2 of agricultural land urbanized in the period from 2020 to 2030. The urban areas will gradually expand from the edge of the existing zones and fill the newly planned areas from South to North and Northeast of the province. The results also revealed that the studied landscape was decreasing in dominance and increasing diversity and heterogeneity at landscape level. The processes of dispersion and aggregation were taking place at the same time in the entire landscape and in the urban class. Meanwhile, the classes of agriculture, mining, and greenspace were increasingly dispersed, but the shape of patches was becoming more regular. The water class increased the dispersion and the irregularity of the patch shape. Finally, the landscape metrics of the unused land fluctuated over time.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.3
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Palmer-type soil modelling for evapotranspiration in different climatic
regions of Kenya
Authors: Peter K. Musyimi, Balázs Székely, Arun Gandhi, Tamás Weidinger
Pages: 365 - 382
Abstract: Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and real evapotranspiration (ET) are vital components in hydrological processes and climate-related studies. Understanding their variability in estimation is equally crucial for micro-meteorology and agricultural planning processes. The primary goal of this study was to analyze and compare estimates of (ET0) and (ET) from two different climatic regions of Kenya using long-term quality controlled synoptic station datasets from 2000 to 2009 with 3-hour time resolution. One weather station (Voi, 63793) was sought from lowlands with an elevation of 579 m and characterized by tropical savannah climate while the other (Kitale, 63661) was sought from Kenya highlands with humid conditions and elevation of 1850 m above sea level. Reference evapotranspiration was calculated based on the FAO 56 standard methodology of a daily basis. One dimension Palmer-type soil model was used for estimating of real evapotranspiration using the wilting point, field capacity, and soil saturation point for each station at 1 m deep soil layer. The ratio of real and reference evapotranspiration dependent on the soil moisture stress linearly. Calculations of estimated evapotranspiration were made on daily and monthly basis. Applications of the site-specific crop coefficients (KC) were also used. The result indicated that the differences among daily and monthly scale calculations of evapotranspiration (ET) were small without and with an application of crop coefficients (ETKc). This was due to high temperatures, global radiation, and also high soil moisture stress due to inadequate precipitation experienced in the tropics where Kenya lies. Results from Voi showed that mean monthly ET0 ranged from 148.3±11.6 mm in November to 175.3±10.8 mm in March while ET was from 8.0±4.5 mm in September to 105.8±50.3 mm in January. From Kitale, ET0 ranged from 121.5±8.5 mm/month in June to 157.1±8.5 mm/month in March while ET ranged from 41.7±32.6 mm/month in March to 126.6±12.2 mm/month in September. This was due to variability in temperature and precipitation between the two climatic regions. The study concludes that ET0 and calculated evapotranspiration variability among the years on a monthly scale is slightly higher in arid and semi-arid climate regions than in humid regions. The study is important in strategizing viable means to enhance optimal crop water use and reduce ET losses estimates for optimal agricultural yields and production maximization in Kenya.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.4
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Population mobility and urban transport management: perspectives
environmental quality degradation and sustainable development of suburban
Makassar City, Indonesia
Authors: Batara Surya, Agus Salim, Haeruddin Saleh, Seri Suriani, Kafrawi Yunus, Patmawaty Taibe
Pages: 383 - 400
Abstract: The expansion of the area towards suburban areas accompanied by suburbanization has an impact on the conversion of productive agricultural land and transportation movement systems. This study aims to analyse land use change works as a determinant of environmental degradation in suburban areas, the effect of land use changes, socio-economic activities, population mobility and transportation systems on environmental quality degradation, and models for handling land use, population mobility, transportation infrastructure and system management transportation towards sustainable development of suburban areas. This study uses a sequential qualitative-quantitative approach. Data obtained through observation, survey and documentation. The results of the study show that the intensity of land use change coupled with population mobility, in addition to affecting the urban transportation system based on the pattern of origin and destination of travel, also has an impact on the environmental quality degradation of suburban areas. Changes in land use, socioeconomic activities, population mobility and transportation systems has an effect in the environmental quality degradation of suburban areas with a coefficient of determination of 95.65 percent. This study recommends the application of a land use management model, population mobility, and transportation infrastructure towards the sustainability of the suburbs of Makassar City, Indonesia.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.5
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Transformations of place, memory and identity through urban place names in
Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
Authors: Alexandra Bitušíková
Pages: 401 - 417
Abstract: The paper looks at the renaming of streets as a significant aspect of post-socialist change using an example of the city of Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. It discusses politics, processes and practices of (de-re)commemoration in street names, which reflect transformations of memory (remembering and forgetting), identity, heritage, power and resilience related to public space in a post-socialist city. Changing street names creates new connections between the past and the present and reflects political power struggles for control over contested space between various groups that tend to privatise their own history, heritage, memory, identity, places and symbols. The case of Banská Bystrica demonstrates strategies of the street renaming based on the decommunisation of names (done by restoration of the names from older periods or by introducing non-commemorative names), and on commemoration of names based primarily on local (or regional/national) heritage, events and personalities that might become areas of contested heritage.
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.6
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Berg, L.D., Best, U., Gilmartin, M. and Larsen, H.G. (eds.): Placing
Critical Geography. Historical Geographies of Critical Geography
Authors: Judit Timár
Pages: 419 - 422
Abstract: -
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.7
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- Isaac, R.K. (ed.): Dark Tourism Studies
Authors: Aigerim Assylkhanova
Pages: 423 - 426
PubDate: 2022-12-21
DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.71.4.8
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
- In memoriam Arild Holt-Jensen (1937–2022)
Authors: Zoltán Kovács
Pages: 427 - 428
Abstract: -
PubDate: 2022-12-21
Issue No: Vol. 71, No. 4 (2022)
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