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Authors: İbrahim Fevzi ŞAHİN
PubDate: Wed, 06 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Understanding of Ecotourism through Post-colonialism in the Southeast
Asian Region
Authors: Semra AKAY
Abstract: This article seeks to bring a post-colonical perspective to ecotourism in the Southeast Asia regionthrough concerning the scope of ecotourism activities in the region, its relationship with sustainability,and exploring culture, such as experiencing the lifestyles of indigenous people. While theSoutheast Asian region is one of the fastest-growing tourism regions in the world, most destinationsin the region have recorded strong growth, particularly since the 1990s. Ecotourism in theregion has developed since the 1990s, and almost all countries in the region have implementedplans and programs to develop ecotourism by the 2000s. Ecotourism is a type of tourism that usuallyincludes components such as learning and supporting local ecosystems. Thus, it is designedto help local communities economically in some way, theoretically compatible with sustainabledevelopment ideologies. Ecotourism, emerging as an alternative to conventional tourism, hasbecome a strong attraction for tourists in the last few decades and has attracted tourism entrepreneurs, government institutions, and academics. In the Southeast Asian region, ecotourismhas been shaped by both the concept of sustainability, such as poverty reduction and efficient useof natural resources and the tourism discourses such as searching of “change” around the indigenouspeoples and their “authentic” traditions, cultures, and lifestyles. Ecotourism in the regionis seen as a critical way to address many economic, social, and cultural issues indigenous peopleface. In this context, this article seeks to draw a general portrait of ecotourism in the SoutheastAsian region and to bring a post-colonial critique to ecotourism in the region through questioningsustainability and experiencing human/culture. Employing qualitative research methods, this article reveals that one the one hand, ecotourism in the Southeast Asian region has not been a solution to sustainability and it also has led to the consume the cultures of indigenous communities as others on the other.
PubDate: Wed, 06 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +030
- A Spatial Criticism in Terms of Marxist Geography: The Case of
Ağrı City
Authors: Muhammed BALTUK; Alperen KAYSERİLİ
Abstract: The reflections of Marxism, which emerged in the first half of the nineteenth century, on the science of geography and the formation of a sub-field called Marxist geography, dates back to the 1970s, especially with the impact of the humanist revolution. Geographers, who brought together geography and Marxism, put forward the understanding of space based on political economy. From this point of view, it can be stated that Marxist geographers, who deal with space and time together with society, in a sense spatialize Marxism. It is known that Marx and Engels stated that the city is in a mutual transformation relationship with capitalism and that capitalism affects and transforms the city and the city affects and transforms capitalism. Marxist geographers, who think that they see the city as the space of surplus product in the context of class consciousness and class struggle, approach the space with intense criticism in economic and political terms.In this research, the city of Ağrı has been evaluated according to the contemporary urban theories of Marxist geography. Purpose of the research; To make a critical evaluation of urbanization according to the Marxist geography perspective and David Harvey's urban theory in spatial understanding of the city of Ağrı and to propose various alternative settlements. In the research, the case study method which is one of the qualitative researches, was used.Some findings were obtained with the method of travel and observation in the research area. With the findings obtained in the research, the city of Ağrı was evaluated with a neo-Marxist and critical perspective. As a result, in recent years, it has been observed that in order to obtain the highest efficiency from the land throughout the city, the capital has placed the houses in an order that can be considered adjacent, without landscaping, without gardens and green areas where people can spend time in the daily sense, without parking lot, and shaped the city without the privacy of the side dwellings. When the city of Ağrı is looked at from a Neo-Marxist perspective, it is seen that a structuring called a dormitory city, which is narrow, developed in contradiction to human nature, detached from nature with excessive concretion, lacks many equipment, and an urban culture could not be formed.
PubDate: Wed, 06 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +030
- Determination of Flood Risks of Filyos Stream Basin (Karabük-Gökçebey)
by Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method/The Black Sea-Turkey
Authors: Mücahit COŞKUN; Güney ORTAÇ
Abstract: It is necessary to investigate natural disasters as a threat to human life and take the necessarymeasures with the information obtained. In this study, the research area was selected as theKarabük-Gökçebey part of the Filyos stream Basin, one of the important streams of the WesternBlack Sea. The study aims to identify flood risk areas by Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method inthe designated area. To make a flood risk map, the soil, lithology, land use, stream proximity, elevation,slope, and view characteristics of the site have been converted to a raster data format toanalyze in a GIS environment. Land use characteristics were obtained from satellite images usingremote sensing techniques. The analytical hierarchy process is used to determine the impact ofeach criterion on the flood. Thus, these characteristics in the complex relationship defined withthe AHS decision-making method and the ArcMap program’s flood risk map were made. In addition,the place with a significant risk area emerged as the Gokcebey settlement. Kelemen and InceCreek, tributaries of the side stream, have also shown themselves as risky areas. Other elementsthat increase the risks can be displayed as filling the stream beds with alluvial material and buildingcommercial and residential structures on the stream beds. Constructed channel, culverts,HES periodic maintenance of such systems, removal of accumulated material in the bed, a newzoning plan to be perverted from the stream bed of the new residential area planning, public institutions and institutions should jointly carry out the necessary work and share it with regular risk analyses, to gain a wooded area of forest destruction and preventing the back of the damaged area may include measures that can be taken.
PubDate: Wed, 06 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +030
- The Place of Eskişehir Province in the Country in Terms of Education
Characteristics of the Population
Authors: Hüseyin ŞAHBAZ
Abstract: This study has been prepared in order to reveal the literacy status of the population living inEskişehir province according to the census years in the Republic Period and the education statusaccording to the latest (December 31, 2020) TURKSTAT data. Accordingly, when viewed in termsof the first objective of the research, the people in Eskişehir has always had a higher literacy ratecompared to the average literacy rate of Turkey. According to the latest TURKSTAT data, when theeducational status of the field is considered, it is (among 81 provinces) seen that it ranks 74th interms of the rate of illiteracy and 81st in terms of the rate of those who can read and write butdo not complete a school, 43rd in terms of primary school graduates, 79th in terms of secondaryschool graduates, 3rd in terms of high school graduates, 4th in terms of faculty or college graduates,3rd in terms of the proportion of graduate graduates, and 3rd in terms of the proportion ofgraduates with a doctorate degree. Accordingly, it is possible to say that as the education levelincreases, the research field moves to the top of the list in the country. Having an advantageousspecial position, having a developed industry, attracting people working in creative professions,the suitable physical geography conditions, the high rate of urbanization, the high socio-economicdevelopment level, having good net schooling rates, having three universities, being developedin terms of health services, and to be rich in social, cultural, and artistic aspects are the thingsthat make Eskişehir one of the leading provinces of the country in terms of educated population.However, when looking at the education data of the research field in terms of gender, it is seenthat women are in the background compared to men. This shows that the dominant patriarchalsocial structure in the country is seen in the field as a sample.
PubDate: Wed, 06 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +030
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