JournalTOCs

Health Education Journal
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.439

Citation Impact (citeScore): 1
Number of Followers: 16

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 0017-8969 - ISSN (Online) 1748-8176
Published by Sage Publications

[1176 journals]

Gender consciousness and sun protection patterns among Chinese youth: A
cross-sectional analysis
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  Authors: Jiaxing Li, Rui Zhang, Yingyi Luo, Lixin Na
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:In contrast to previous research that has primarily focused on gender differences in health behaviour compliance, this study explored the association between gender consciousness and sun protection in China – a cultural setting in which there is a pronounced gender bias towards sun protection. These article is the first attempt to examine gender norms concerning sunscreen use among Chinese individuals, encompassing both young women and young men.Design and setting:Cross-sectional analysis conducted on one Chinese campus.Methods:Utilising data from the 2020 cohort of first-year students (549 male students and 1,489 female students) at a local university in Shanghai and employing OLS regression analysis, our analysis sheds light on gendered patterns of sun protection use among young individuals in China.Results:Findings reveal that gender attitudes affect women’s sun protection frequency without influencing their choice of specific products. Conversely, men’s gender conciousness shapes their sun protection methods but not their overall frequency of sun protection. In addition, despite lower aggregate levels of sun protection, young women exhibit higher heterogeneity in their responses than young men. Socioeconomic status, health awareness and gender consciousness are all significant factors influencing sun protection among female students; however, among men, only health awareness shows a positive correlation with the use of sun protection.Conclusion:The results of this study exhibit some differences from initial expectations, suggesting that the full adoption of sun protection measures is still a work in progress. However, despite the differences identified, findings provide valuable insights to inform future public health efforts to promote sun protection among youth.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-11-24T12:16:53Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231213193
Experiencing being objectified' A critical investigation of basic
pedagogical categories in digital health education
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  Authors: Sebastian Ruin, Martin Giese
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:In this paper, we explore the role digital health education can play in physical education. We argue that the use of digital media and technologies has been accompanied by fundamental changes in basic sports pedagogical categories such as body, movement and experience. In doing so, we advance the thesis that increasing digitalisation offers multi-layered and partly paradoxical opportunities and risks for health education, which have not yet been sufficiently discussed from a sports pedagogical perspective in a digitalised world.Objective:To develop a deeper understanding of these changes, we aim to analyse the mechanisms, opportunities and challenges created by digital health education in physical education, with a focus on the use of tools such as wearables.Method:We draw on a Bildung-oriented perspective rooted in German-speaking pedagogy. With this in mind, we first look at the possibilities and limits for digital health education in physical education at the surface level, before we offer a deeper investigation of body, movement and experience in a digitalised world. This leads us to critical reflection at a structural level.Results and Conclusion:Supposedly clear distinctions between ‘virtual’ and ‘real’, and ‘digital’ and ‘analogue’, are increasingly untenable. On the one hand, the use of digital technologies can convey reductionist images of humankind and a narrow understanding of education. On the other hand, students can experience differences between supposedly objective and subjective views of their bodies and their movement behaviour using digital technologies. This can lead to Bildung processes in which the relationship between oneself and the world is questioned, which in a sense constitutes a form of Bildung-oriented digital health education.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-11-21T11:21:19Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231212290
Teachers’ perspectives on the EU Fruit and Vegetable Scheme
implementation in Italy
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  Authors: Veronica Vitali, Giulia Tiboldo, Elena Castellari, Biljana Meshkovska
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:School-based fruit and vegetable provision programmes can improve children’s eating patterns and health by ensuring access to fruit and vegetables and providing nutrition education. However, the effectiveness of these programmes may be significantly affected by the implementation quality. The objective of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme according to Italian teachers’ perspective.Design, Setting, and Method:We carried out semi-structured interviews with teachers in two elementary schools in Italy that had participated in the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme for several years. The interview protocol was based on domains, constructs and sub-constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Qualitative data from the interviews were coded deductively using the CFIR to identify the main barriers and facilitators to implementing the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme.Results:Among the main facilitators of implementation of the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme were the quality and variety of the products, as well as the educational intentions behind the scheme, and teachers’ overall level of engagement. Barriers were to be found in lack of teacher training, an absence of accompanying measures, limited knowledge about a healthy diet, the low involvement of parents, and finally, problems with product delivery.Conclusions:Providing more comprehensive teacher education and training and extending access to accompanying measures may improve the EU School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme’s implementation quality and effectiveness. Moreover, allowing greater flexibility in between suppliers and accounting for each geographic area’s unique character are crucial to overcoming the delivery problems that currently act as barriers to the implementation of the scheme.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-11-14T10:22:11Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210933
The role of the local retail environment in the tobacco-purchasing
behaviour of underage adolescents in Amsterdam
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  Authors: Denise A M Peeters, Tessa R D van Deelen, Anton E Kunst, Bas van den Putte, Mirte A G Kuipers
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:Despite a nationwide ban on tobacco sales to people under 18 years of age, adolescents can still buy tobacco products in Amsterdam. This study aimed to understand the influence of the retail environment in adolescents’ activity spaces on their tobacco-purchasing behaviour.Method:Interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents (aged 14–19 years) who went to school in Amsterdam and had ever bought tobacco products. Questions were based on the capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour (COM-B) model. City maps showing all tobacco outlets were used to visualise respondents’ activity spaces and purchasing areas. Transcripts were analysed thematically.Results:Adolescents preferred purchasing tobacco at shops where they had successfully purchased it before, instead of going to just any shop close by. They purchased tobacco products mostly in small shops. Supermarkets were avoided, as employees complied with age-verification procedures. The city centre provided easy access because the density of small shops was high. In adolescents’ residential area, acquaintances behind the counter might facilitate tobacco purchase, while it was a barrier for minors who secretly smoked. At school, adolescents developed a collective knowledge of shops that sold tobacco products to minors either near school or further away. Tobacco was also bought on the black market because it was cheaper or because it was possible to buy specific products (e.g. snus).Conclusion:Tobacco purchasing by minors is less about the proximity and more about which stores in their activity spaces sell tobacco products to minors. Policies should therefore be aimed at the enforcement of age limits and reducing the number of small shops selling tobacco.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-11-14T06:31:25Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210212
The effects of authoritative source cue and argument strength of
correction tweets on MMR vaccine-related misinformation credibility
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  Authors: Jiyoung Lee, Dayoung Kang, Hee Yun Lee, Ji Won Kim
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objectives:This study aimed to examine the joint effect of two core message elements – authoritative source and argument strength – in correction tweets to counter conspiratorial misinformation about the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine.Design/Method:An online experiment with US residents (N = 404) was conducted in a 2 (authoritative correction sources: layperson vs US Centres for Disease Prevention and Control [CDC]) × 2 (correction argument strength: weak vs strong) design.Results:The results indicate that the correction employing strong arguments and a correction provided by the CDC heightened heuristic processing of the corrective information, which in turn increased the perceived credibility of the conspiratorial misinformation. The effect of the CDC correction on heuristic processing was heightened when it contained weak arguments. Notably, user-generated corrections with weak arguments reduced heuristic processing of the information and contributed to reducing the perceived credibility of the misinformation.Conclusion:Based on the findings, we argue that both communicator- and content-related cues jointly influence how audiences process corrective information. The current study discusses the potency of user-generated social media corrections to counter vaccine misinformation and provides practical implications for how user-generated social media correction can be utilised by health practitioners. Public health organisations should prioritise presenting corrective information in an easily understandable manner, using user-generated content that fosters a sense of connection and engagement with individuals.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-11-03T11:36:59Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231210215
English headteacher perspectives on school responses to protect student
and staff mental wellbeing in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
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  Authors: Gillian McKay, Georgia Venner, Patrick Nguipdop-Djomo, Punam Mangtani, Neisha Sundaram, Andrea Lacey, Fiona Dawe, Peter Jones, Ffion Lelii, Shamez Ladhani, Chris Bonell
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on pupils and staff in English schools. This study aimed to provide an in-depth understanding of the challenges schools faced and the processes they implemented to protect the mental wellbeing of students and staff in the later stages of the pandemic, focusing on January–June 2022.Design:Qualitative study.Setting:Primary and secondary schools in England from April to September 2022.Method:Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted using Zoom with six primary and four secondary school headteachers (or other members of the senior leadership team) in England.Results:Mental wellbeing programming for students and staff was scaled up in both primary and secondary schools amid concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic would impact on mental health. Headteachers perceived changes in the behaviour of students, including increased dysregulation, and staff struggling with fatigue and a sense of being devalued as professionals. Schools scaled up the supports they offered to students and staff, but challenges remain in maintaining such increased support due to the perceived additional needs of staff and students within the context of funding constraints. Despite initial concerns that there would be tension between promoting mental wellbeing and academic catch-up among students, headteachers identified work addressing these two priorities as synergistic.Conclusion:Mental wellbeing impacts of the pandemic on pupils and staff required increased provision of support programmes. Ongoing efforts to monitor the wellbeing needs of students and staff is required. Formal and informal methods to enhance the mental health for pupils and staff should continue into the recovery period.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-24T11:25:10Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231206112
Healthy eating in preschool children: Perceptions of parents and
caregivers in Sri Lanka
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  Authors: Fathima Sirasa, Lana Mitchell, Neil Harris
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:Modifying the unhealthy dietary habits of children in low- and middle-income countries is important to overcome the increasing prevalence of childhood under- and overnutrition. Dietary habit formation is multifactorial, with parental influence fundamental in determining children’s food environment and intake. Therefore, understanding parents’ perspectives regarding healthy eating in their preschool-aged children in low- and middle-income countries is necessary to tailor programmes and interventions. However, limited research exists. This study therefore explored parents’ and caregivers’ understanding of healthy eating and perceived barriers and strategies to support their preschool children’s healthy eating in a middle-income country, Sri Lanka.Design:Qualitative study employing focus group discussions.Setting:Preschools in an urban area of north-western Sri Lanka.Method:Thirteen focus groups, each comprising 6–10 participants, were conducted with 110 parents/caregivers of children aged 2–6 years in Kurunegala (an urban area), in north-west Sri Lanka. Group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, coded and underwent inductive content analysis.Results:Participants’ understanding of healthy eating was largely consistent with dietary guidelines. Perceived barriers to healthy eating were predominantly intrapersonal (‘pester power’ and ‘picky eating’ of children), and family and peer-related (inadequate family support and peer influence). Suggested strategies included changes in household food availability, preparation and rewards, and creating more supportive environments (family, preschool and community).Conclusion:To optimise nutrition intervention outcomes, strategies targeting the identified intrapersonal, family and peer barriers should be incorporated.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-24T11:19:30Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231205082
Revising and evaluating falls prevention education for older adults in
hospital
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  Authors: Jacqueline Francis-Coad, Melanie K Farlie, Terry Haines, Linda Black, Tammy Weselman, Philippa Cummings, Anne-Marie Hill
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:Partnering with patients and staff to develop and evaluate falls prevention education could better enable patient learning and engagement. This study aimed to create a revised version of the Safe Recovery falls prevention education programme in partnership with older patients and hospital staff, to improve patient engagement in undertaking falls preventive strategies in hospital.Design:Two-phase sequential mixed methods participatory design.Setting:Hospital rehabilitation wards in Western Australia.Method:Phase 1: older patients (n = 10) and staff (n = 10) were surveyed before and after original programme delivery to ascertain their reaction and learning. Consumer-focused discussions were undertaken with staff and patients online to inform programme revision. A patient video and workbook were co-produced, and staff were trained to deliver the revised programme. Phase 2: older patients (n = 10) and staff (n = 10) were surveyed before and after receiving the revised programme to gain reactions and learning. Deductive content analysis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data.Results:Patients and staff perceived the original programme to be outdated and expressed low levels of satisfaction with the original resources. In contrast, both patients and staff were highly satisfied with the revised programme. Both original and revised Safe Recovery programme patient groups demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge and awareness to reduce their risk of falling after receiving the education (p = .008, p = .005, respectively). However, patients receiving the revised programme were significantly more likely to intend to take action (p = .024) and have a clear action plan (p = .010). Staff perceived that the revised resources showed significant improvements in aesthetic appeal (p = .007) and ability to engage patients in learning (p = .007).Conclusion:Patients and staff contributed to successfully revising the Safe Recovery programme with positive reactions to the co-produced resources. Participating in falls education significantly improved older patients’ knowledge and attitudes regarding falls prevention.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-24T11:06:49Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231204329
Pilot of an early intervention programme for low-risk persons who use
drugs in the Philippines
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  Authors: Jim Rey R Baloloy, Maria Regina Hechanova, Trixia Anne C Co, Patrick Louis B Angeles
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:The aim of this study was to pilot and evaluate the feasibility of an early intervention programme for low-risk drug users in the Philippines.Design:The early intervention consists of three sessions delivered by paraprofessionals focusing on stress, wellbeing, substance use, family and drug use and communication skills. The study was conducted in two phases. In the pilot phase, a randomised controlled trial design was used. In the second phase, a larger field cohort evaluation study design was implemented.Setting:The randomised controlled trial in the first phase was undertaken in four local government units (LGUs). The second phase took place in 13 LGUs in three island clusters in the Philippines.Methods:In the first phase, 42 low-risk users from three urban and one rural community were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-control groups. In the second phase, 744 low-risk users undertook the programme. In both phases, the pretest and posttest measured recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs.Results:In the first phase, analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed significant differences in pretest and posttest scores in recovery skills and quality of life of participants compared to those who did not participate in the programmes. In the second phase, paired-sample t-test revealed significant improvements in terms of recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs. Path analysis provided support for the programme’s theory of change. Facilitators perceived the programme to be effective and easy to implement.Conclusions:The study suggests that an early intervention focusing on mental health and substance use delivered by paraprofessionals may be a viable means to reduce drug use and improve mental health in countries such as the Philippines that have little resources and scarce mental health professionals.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-11T06:31:00Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231203973
Impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of type 1 diabetes
among adults
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  Authors: Omer Abdullah AsSaigal, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Saigul, Khalid MA Almutairi
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is on the rise globally. Patient education is a major cornerstone in diabetes management. Diabetes educators play a pivotal role in educating patients with diabetes mellitus.Objectives:To estimate the impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of T1DM among adults. This was measured through mean changes in HbA1c levels and alterations in perceived dietary and physical activity compliance among patients attending a Diabetes Centre in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.Methods:We enrolled 97 adult T1DM patients in a quasi-experimental study, conducted at a certified diabetes educator-led clinic. All patients were followed up for 6 months pre-intervention and for a minimum of 6 months post-intervention. Patients’ weight, self-monitoring of blood glucose, hypoglycaemic events frequency, HbA1c level and lipid profiles were routinely recorded. In addition, compliance with advice on dietary plan and physical activity recommendations was also assessed at the pre-intervention, baseline and post-intervention stages.Results:Post-intervention, participants reported better compliance with dietary and physical activity advice. Fewer hypoglycaemic events and higher self-monitoring of blood glucose frequencies were also noted. While there was no significant difference between pre-intervention and baseline mean HbA1c levels, mean baseline and post-intervention HbA1c levels showed a clinical and statistically significant difference of 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–1.28). Mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride differences also showed small but significant changes.Conclusion:Attendance at a diabetes educator-led clinic had a positive and significant impact on the control of T1DM among adults. We recommend diabetes educator employment at outpatient clinics for adults with T1DM.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-11T06:28:26Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231202751
Aortic disease 101: Breaking down myths of type A aortic dissection for
patients and families
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  Authors: Caroline D Martin, Michelle Ruiz, Anne Sorrell, Samuel F Sears, Gretchen McCarrick, Michael J Bates, Benjamin C Degner
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objectives:Patients with Type A aortic dissections are often overwhelmed by the influx of new information and changes necessary to adjust to life with an aortic disease. This article uses psychoeducation about life after dissection to dispel common myths about aortic disease and empower patients to live full lives. It is written in clear and easy-to-understand language to maximise patient comprehension and knowledge of their condition to help them feel more confident after Type A aortic dissection.Design:An interdisciplinary group of professionals (including cardiothoracic surgeons, a clinical cardiac psychologist, clinical cardiac psychology trainees, and genetic counsellors) were asked about their interest in creating an article written for patients who have undergone Type A aortic dissection repair. Those who agreed were then asked to report some of the myths commonly heard in practice about the procedure and its ramifications.Setting:The myths confronted in this article come from professionals working for a comprehensive heart care institute, the East Carolina Heart Institute in Greenville, NC, USA and Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, MD, USA.Methods:A multi-disciplinary group of professionals focused on aortic disease contributed myths commonly reported by patients seen in practice.Results:Common myths are presented and include safety fears about physical activity, diet, and recurrence of aortic dissection. By educating yourself about the facts of your diagnosis, you can feel as though you have more control over your health and your life.Conclusion:The takedown of common myths about life post-dissection can be helpful for patients with aortic disease and their families. Understanding the facts about a loved one’s new diagnosis can help partners and caregivers to be more fully involved in the patient’s care and feel confident. An important limitation of the present work is the lack of prior research on patient quality of life and mental health following Type A aortic dissection. Future work should explore the unique mental health needs of patients with aortic disease to create interventions that target mental health symptomatology to help patients live longer, healthier and richer lives.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-10-06T12:41:42Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231203137
Assessing the effectiveness of a school educational video on cancer and
radiotherapy
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  Authors: Masanari Minamitani, Atsuto Katano, Keiichi Nakagawa
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:Japan has recently begun introducing educational programmes on cancer as part of health and physical education (HPE) classes in schools. In support of this work, the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology has developed an educational video to enhance children’s understanding of cancer and radiotherapy.Objectives:This study examined the perceived effectiveness of this video among teachers and clarified whether their specialisation played a role in their responses.Methods:An online survey was administered to junior and senior high school teachers without a history of cancer. Respondents’ demographic characteristics, healthy lifestyle habits, anxiety about cancer treatment and knowledge about cancer and radiotherapy were surveyed pre- and post-video. We compared the data from science teachers, HPE teachers and teachers of other specialties. Subsequently, we performed a multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate significant factors that predicted post-watch correct-answer rates.Results:Science teachers were less anxious about radiotherapy and surgery than the other-specialty teachers. They were also the most knowledgeable about cancer and radiotherapy. Post-viewing correct-answer rates improved, except for questions about the work of medical physicists and damage to normal cells. The multiple regression analysis identified age (β = .07), sex (β = .08), anxiety about radiotherapy (β = −.09) and pre-video correct-answer rates (β = .46) as significant factors predicting post-watch correct-answer rates.Conclusion:The video was beneficial in enhancing teachers’ understanding of cancer and radiotherapy. Compared with HPE and other-specialty teachers, science teachers were superior in terms of cancer and radiotherapy comprehension. There may be value in exploring possibilities for cross-disciplinary instruction involving not only HPE but also science teachers in cancer education, especially radiotherapy education.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-15T12:46:16Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231200166
Early and slow weight loss responders’ perceptions of an adaptive
diabetes prevention trial: A qualitative perspective
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  Authors: Danielle King, Carla K Miller, Jennifer S Cheavens, Kentaro Fujita
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:Behavioural weight loss interventions demonstrate success on average, yet participants who respond more slowly may benefit from an augmented, tailored approach. Thus, an augmented intervention for early, slow weight loss responders was implemented. This qualitative analysis explored participants’ perceptions of and experiences of the 12-month weight loss programme to inform future intervention development and implementation.Design:Individual interviews were conducted post-treatment. In-person, in-depth interviews were offered prior to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic; videoconferencing interviews were offered following the pandemic onset.Setting:A Midwestern US university workplace.Method:Adults ⩾ 21 years old with overweight or obesity and prediabetes (n = 39) were recruited and volunteered to participate in a semi-structured interview.Results:Content analysis identified recurring themes among early and early slow weight loss responders. Social support received during weekly group sessions was a critical intervention component. Some early slow responders expressed difficulty with self-regulatory strategies such as setting specific yet attainable goals, and requested additional contact prior to the maintenance study phase – treatment randomisation at month 5 disrupted group dynamics. Early slow responders who received the intervention via videoconferencing believed the format interfered with their ability to establish friendships with other participants and gain insight and support from others’ lived experiences.Conclusion:Weight loss interventions may be more efficacious when considering participant heterogeneity during implementation of behavioural strategies. Findings suggest early slow weight loss responders may benefit from greater emphasis on goal setting and striving, agentic thinking, and social support. Future research is needed to examine the implications of these insights on intervention outcomes.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-13T10:35:14Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198956
The use of extended reality (XR) in patient education: A critical
perspective
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  Authors: Vernon R Curran, Ann Hollett
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:Extended reality (XR) has emerged as an innovative educational modality that offers the potential for the creation of more interactive and engaging forms of patient education experiences and products. The purpose of this article is to describe the field of XR technologies and review its potential through a critical lens as well as its possible adoption as a mainstream technology for providing patient education in the future.Method:A review of the literature was undertaken to summarise the emerging evidence concerning the effectiveness of XR as a patient education modality. The findings of several reviews are summarised and a critical discussion of potential issues and challenges in the adoption and use of XR among particular marginalised populations are explored.Results:The emerging evidence suggests that different forms of XR technology applications have the potential to create immersive and engaging patient education experiences that can lead to enhanced patient satisfaction, positive educational outcomes and reduced patient anxiety. Nonetheless, there have been calls for greater consideration of how patient characteristics, including socioeconomic status, gender, cultural and generational differences, influence the learning effects of virtual reality educational applications, as well as its adoption and implementation for patient education purposes.Conclusion:The evidence surrounding the effectiveness of XR in patient education is growing; however, various factors could influence the successful adoption and implementation of XR in different patient populations who have traditionally experienced challenges with digital health literacy. The paper offers some recommendations for enhancing the evidence base and potential approaches to advance the design and evaluation of XR applications in patient education.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-13T10:29:41Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198955
COVID-19 public health lessons in science class boost knowledge and
efficacy beliefs
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  Authors: Peter Boedeker, Alana Newell, Nancy Moreno
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:Integrating public health into science courses helps students grasp the links between health recommendations and scientific principles. During COVID-19, a team of 19 educators, scientists and clinicians designed 25 science inquiry lessons to enhance disease knowledge and prevention strategies among school-aged children. The efficacy of two lessons was evaluated.Design:Pre-/post-evaluation; both quantitative and qualitative data were collected.Setting:Teachers (24 elementary and 26 high school) and their students (562 elementary, 8–9 years old; 1,271 high school, 14–15 years old) participated from schools in Houston, TX, USA.Method:Lessons were delivered in Spring 2021. Teachers completed evaluation surveys using Likert-type and open-ended items. Students completed pre- and post-assessments of COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes towards science and confidence in their knowledge of COVID-19 and vaccine science.Results:Over 80% of teachers agreed that they would use the lessons again and felt more confident in their abilities to teach about COVID-19 after using the lessons. Teachers reported students’ heightened interest in health professions and discussing the presented topics. High school students gained basic recall knowledge, but there was little change on items related to in-depth science concepts or attitudes. Elementary students demonstrated gains on items related to the scientific rationale underlying public health recommendations and confidence in their abilities to protect themselves from COVID-19.Conclusion:The integration of health information into science teaching helps learners understand the science behind public health recommendations and increases teachers’ preparedness and comfort levels with these topics. Even short-term supplementary lessons can have a positive impact on knowledge and attitudes. Effects were particularly positive with elementary students, who should be included in future public health education efforts. Partnerships between schools and health organisations are vital for the rapid development and integration of lessons that are accurate and informative. The lessons evaluated in this paper are freely available online.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-13T10:26:21Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231198951
A multi-site intervention using influencers to communicate about syringe
service programmes
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  Authors: Erika Bonnevie, Melissa Dunn Silesky, Jaclyn Goldbarg, Caitlyn Gudmundsen, Megan Fields, Joe Smyser
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Introduction:In the USA, syringe services programmes (SSPs) provide a range of harm reduction services and have numerous benefits for communities. However, stigma, misconceptions about SSPs and changing policies/legislation remain a challenge to effective implementation. This study reviews the implementation of two digital interventions, Appalachian Influence and Shared Influence, which used social media influencers and digital volunteers to communicate positive information about harm reduction and SSPs.Methods:The intervention was designed to deliver accurate and supportive messaging in locally relevant and meaningful ways. Messaging was informed by interviews with subject matter experts and community organisations, and was integrated into prompts used by local influencers (paid individuals with more than 1,000 followers) and digital volunteers (unpaid individuals with no following requirement, who joined the project independently).Results:In the first 6 months of implementation, Appalachian Influence and Shared Influence engaged a total of 9,014 individuals, 236 of whom were paid influencers and 8,778 of whom were digital volunteers. Paid influencer posts achieved a total of 868,943 impressions, 42,432 engagements and 1,567 comments. Comments on paid influencer posts were overwhelmingly positive, with 87.4% positive and 0.8% negative. Interviews showed the importance of understanding local realities, leading with compassion and emphasising the ‘human’ aspects of dependency and addiction in messaging.Conclusion:This study shows the potential to implement an influencer-led social media intervention to reach people with authentic and compassionate messaging about harm reduction and SSPs. Future research should examine intervention effectiveness and how this approach can be applied to other stigmatised topics.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-05T10:26:45Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231197623
Mastering medical terminology with ChatGPT and Termbot
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  Authors: Mei-Hua Hsu
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:This study intended to examine whether the utilization of ChatGPT and Termbot enhances students’ understanding of medical terminology.Method:ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is an AI chatbot designed to generate human-like text responses. Termbot is a chatbot-based learning model focused on improving the acquisition of medical terminology through gamified learning methods. A total of 60 participants participated in this exploratory study, with 40 nursing students assigned to the experimental group and 20 nursing students assigned to the control group. In the experimental group, participants were further divided into two groups of 20, one of which was trained with ChatGPT and the other with Termbot. The participants in the experimental group engaged with the assigned tools for a minimum of 2 hours per week following classroom instruction. The control group used a traditional textbook as their primary learning resource. The study lasted 2 months, after which participants’ learning outcomes were evaluated using an online medical terminology exam post-test.Results:The study found that participants in the experimental group had significantly improved learning outcomes compared to participants in the control group. The results showed a substantial increase in post-test scores for both ChatGPT and Termbot groups, indicating that using these tools as learning assistants can assist students in the learning process.Conclusion:The study has important implications for educators and educational institutions, as it provides evidence for the potential benefits of using ChatGPT and Termbot as tools to improve students’ learning outcomes. The findings intensifyt the importance of embracing new technologies in education and using them to supplement traditional teaching methods.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-09-04T12:20:30Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231197371
Canadian cannabis education resources to support youth health literacy: A
scoping review and environmental scan
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  Authors: Emily J. Howe, Lisa D. Bishop, Bethany S. Torraville, Emily C. Rowe, Eden Kinzel, Jennifer R. Donnan
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:The 2018 legalisation of cannabis in Canada sparked concern and conversation about the potential negative impacts of youth cannabis use. It is clear that young people are already engaging in cannabis use for a variety of reasons; therefore, youth cannabis education is desirable to promote harm reduction and reduce the risk of adverse physical and mental health outcomes.Objective:To identify and categorise Canadian cannabis education resources using a social-ecological approach informed by the youth health literacy framework, considering multiple factors at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels that influence health literacy and impact behaviour.Methods:In line with scoping review methodology, database searches and an environmental scan of materials were completed. Specific inclusion criteria were identified to encompass all Canadian cannabis education resources directed towards young people aged 9–18 years and adults in contact with youth.Results:A total of 60 resources were identified and categorised using the youth health literacy framework in terms of their focus on (1) micro influences (resources for youth); (2) meso influences (resources for teachers, parents, mentors); and (3) macro influences (resources for indigenous communities and medical professionals).Conclusions:While many resources were identified, issues exist with the accessibility, quality and multicultural considerations of such resources, warranting the development of comprehensive, evidence-based and harm reduction–focused cannabis education for youth.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-08-03T05:02:08Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231191085
Balance, self-efficacy and collective individualism: Young people’s
ideal eater types
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  Authors: Ingela Bohm, Carita Bengs
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Background:In health education, there is a risk of giving overly prescriptive recommendations, potentially activating conflicting in-group norms that reduce message receptiveness. For example, the notion of ‘unhealthy youth’ is a stereotype which suggests that young people are expected to make unhealthy choices. If such in-group norms are activated as part of health education, the will to emulate healthy out-group behaviour may decrease.Objective:The objective of this study was to explore how young people construct different types of eaters in relation to health recommendations.Method:Group interviews were conducted with 31 students aged 10–16 years (from school grades 5 and 8) in northern Sweden and data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.Results:The analysis yielded eight ideal eater types: healthy-but-not-too-healthy; obsessively healthy; devil-may-care; destabilised; contextual; powerless; intuitive; and discontented eaters. Participants’ preferred types did not overly regulate their eating, bute intuitively ate what they liked and/or needed in a balanced way. They were also receptive to social and contextual cues without being completely guided by them.Conclusion:Even in the current era of individualism, food retains its social meanings, and young people’s views of healthy eating are shaped by valued social groups. We therefore recommend the promotion of shared individualism as part of health education, where the expression of individual taste is encouraged alongside adherence to group norms. It is also crucial to highlight how healthy and unhealthy foods can coexist as part of a balanced diet.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-07-31T05:58:44Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231187021
Whole grain perceptions and consumption attitudes: Results of a survey in
Italy
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  Authors: Barbara Zanini, Anna Simonetto, Silvia Marconi, Monica Marullo, Maurizio Castellano, Gianni Gilioli
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objectives:The consumption of whole grains is widely recognised as healthy and included in several national dietary guidelines. Despite that, the consumption of whole grain products remains sub-optimal.Methods:We developed a questionnaire investigating perceptions of price, taste, positive and negative health effects, sustainability and versatility of whole grains and the consumption frequency of whole grain food products. This questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1,014 individuals in Northern Italy.Results:We observed an overall positive attitude towards whole grain products, especially in relation to positive health effects, versatility and taste, that resulted in strong drivers for whole grain consumption. Age, gender and educational level were identified as influences on whole grain perceptions, especially for taste and positive health effects. Respondents were clustered according to the attitudes they expressed.Conclusion:The characteristics of these clusters could be used to customise future nutritional education programmes.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-07-14T08:08:08Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231185662
Feasibility of dyadic peer support to augment a church-based healthy
lifestyle programme
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  Authors: Cherie Conley, Schenita Randolph, Annie Hardison-Moody, Rosa Gonzalez-Guarda, Edwin B Fisher, Isaac Lipkus
  Abstract: Health Education Journal, Ahead of Print.
  Objective:African Americans in the USA experience a disproportionate burden of chronic disease. Healthy lifestyle promotion programmes can help decrease this disease risk. This study determined the feasibility of using dyadic peer support to augment an existing healthy lifestyle programme in African American churches.Design:A prospective pre-post design was used with 80 participants from three churches in the southeastern USA over an 18-week period.Methods:Participants attended 9 weeks of group nutrition classes followed by 9 weeks of a dyadic peer support programme. Feasibility was measured by recruitment, acceptability, ability to collect peer support data, ability to implement the peer support component and preliminary health outcomes. Descriptive statistics and multilevel models were used to analyse the data.Results:Seventy-eight percent of participants completed group classes and peer support activities. Over 95% of participants would work with a partner again. Lay leaders and educators felt they had the resources and participant support to implement a dyadic peer support intervention. Participants achieved small but significant average increases of 1.1 fruit servings per day (p = .001) and 1.2 days of physical activity per week (p = .01) post-intervention. Significant changes in weight (−2.6 pounds, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −4.18, −1.1; p = .001) and vegetable intake (0.681 servings, 95% CI = 0.122, 1.241; p = .017) achieved during the first 9 weeks of the programme were maintained during the second 9 weeks.Conclusion:Dyadic peer support can successfully be used to augment existing healthy lifestyle promotion programmes within African American churches. Studies using control groups are needed to test the effectiveness of dyadic peer support on health outcomes more rigorously.
  Citation: Health Education Journal
  PubDate: 2023-07-14T05:50:08Z
  DOI: 10.1177/00178969231185652