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Sport and Fitness Journal
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2302-688X
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A Sedentary Behaviour and Role of Exercise in Anti-Aging Medicine
- Authors: I Dewa Ayu Inten Dwi-Primayanti
  Pages: 101 - 110
  Abstract: The concept of anti-aging medicine is very popular these days. Many studies discuss how to inhibit the aging process so as to prevent various degenerative diseases and improve quality of life. In the concept of anti-aging medicine, aging prevention is not only based on one aspect for example aesthetics procedure that is currently popular. In the concept of anti-aging medicine, a comprehensive approach is needed to slow down the aging process, including hormonal, skin, nutritional approaches, including a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle plays an important role in the aging process itself, including physical activity. Sedentary or inactive behavior is closely related to an increased risk of diseases associated with aging. Key word: healthy life style; sedentary behavior; aging
  PubDate: 2023-08-04
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
CARDIOMYOCYTE CELLULAR REGULATION ON EXERCISE
- Authors: Indira Vidiari
  Pages: 111 - 115
  Abstract: ABSTRACT 85% of deaths from cardiovascular disease are caused by CHD. More than 75% of deaths from cardiovascular disease occur in low- and middle-income countries. Myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is a serious clinical problem. Reperfusion injury can cause damage or death to the myocardium and coronary vessel endothelium. Therefore it is necessary to develop a strategy in the field of cardiac regeneration, both for the prevention and curative of cardiovascular disease. Cellular reprogramming occurs in cardiomyocytes in response to physical exercise. Cardiomyocytes keep up with increased demand, reflecting that there is optimal energy potential and reserve capacity. It is often referred to as the ''athlete's heart''. Cardiac remodeling in response to chronic exercise to match the increased workload is by increasing heart size, in the absence of cardiomyocyte proliferation. This physiological growth is accompanied by an increase in energy production capacity, especially in mitochondria. Normal hypertrophic growth is characterized by normal contractile function at rest. This is in contrast to the pathological growth produced by prolonged hypertension or ischemic heart disease, in which contractile function and metabolic energy production are decreased. At the cellular and molecular level, it is clear that the activation of signaling pathways and the resulting transcriptional response different between physiological and pathological cardiac growth.
  PubDate: 2023-08-04
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
NEURAL TENSION DYSFUNCTION LEVEL IN THE LOWER LIMBS AND SHORT HAMSTRING
SYNDROME
- Authors: Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa Negara, Ni Komang Ayu Juni Antari, Gede Parta Kinandana
  Pages: 116 - 121
  Abstract: Hamstring muscles play a role in several functional human movements such as walking, running, and jumping. Changes in hamstring extensibility can cause joint dysfunction and have been associated with several orthopedic disorders, such as low back pain and patellofemoral syndrome. Previous studies have revealed changes in individual tolerance to stretching rather than changes in muscle structure in short hamstring syndrome (SHS). In addition, it is believed that the strong afferent input from stretching can reduce the impulse rate of mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors which can also influence sensory adaptation. Reduced ROM in short hamstring syndrome is also caused by neural tension dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the relationship between the incidence of neural tension dysfunction and indications of the occurrence of SHS in a healthy population and how neurodynamic stretching (NDS) interventions can effectively increase hamstring flexibility. The research method used was a literature study of articles using secondary data in the form of a review of research journals related to the relationship between neural tension dysfunction and SHS. Previous studies have shown that interventions aimed at neural structures such as administering neurodynamic stretching are more effective when compared to other intervention approaches in increasing flexibility in SHS. This is due to changes in the nervous structure such as the ability of the nerves to accept tension loading that accompanies changes in the length of the hamstring muscles on the SHS. In addition, increased mechanosensitive due to neural tension dysfunction is one of the main factors in the limitation of motion in SHS. Based on the literature review, it can be concluded that: there is a relationship between neural tension dysfunction in the lower limbs and the incidence of short hamstring syndrome in a healthy population.
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
The EFFECTIVENESS OF ADDING CORE STABILITY EXERCISE TO MICROWAVE
DIATHERMY, ULTRASOUND AND MASSAGE INTERVENTION IN IMPROVING FUNCTIONAL
ABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS GENU
- Authors: Made Widnyana
  Pages: 122 - 128
  Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) genu is a degenerative musculoskeletal system disorder in the knee joint which is characterized by slow and progressive loss of joint cartilage. OA genu causes disability and decreased functional abilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of adding core stability exercise to microwave diathermy, ultrasound and massage interventions in improving functional abilities in patients with OA genu. The research method used was an experimental pre-test and post-test control group design. There are two groups selected randomly with the block permutation technique. The treatment group consisted of 18 samples receiving core stability exercise, microwave diathermy, ultrasound and massage. The control group, totaling 18 samples, received microwave diathermy, ultrasound and massage. Functional ability was measured by the WOMAC questionnaire (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index). The research was conducted at a private physiotherapy clinic in Denpasar. The results of the study after the Paired T-Test was carried out in each group with a p value <0.05, this indicated that there was a significant difference between the results of the pre-test and post-test in each group. The different test between groups was carried out by the Independent Sample T-Test, obtaining a p value <0.05, this indicates that there is a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group. The conclusion of this study is that the addition of core stability exercise to microwave diathermy, ultrasound and massage interventions further enhances functional activity in OA genu patients. The implications of theoretical and practical research as additional knowledge and guidelines in providing effective interventions for OA genu conditions.
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AND
COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS
- Authors: Ade Mayra Hosiana, Nila Wahyuni
  Pages: 129 - 136
  Abstract: Aging is a natural process experienced by all living things. In aging, there is a decrease in the functions of various organ systems in the human body, including a decrease in brain function. Decreased brain capacity is associated with various risks of diseases such as dementia, which can impair the quality of life. One of the proteins in the brain that related to brain plasticity, learning, memory abilities, and cognitive function is brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Aerobic exercise is said to be able to increase serum BDNF levels and cognitive function in elderly individuals. This study was conducted using a literature review method. We review and compare recent journals discussing the relationship between aerobic exercise and its effect on BDNF levels and cognitive function. Aerobic exercise has been shown to increase BDNF levels in the elderly. Aerobic exercise also shown to improve several components of cognitive function. In conclusion, aerobic exercise has a positive effect on brain health, and it is recommended for older adult engaging moderate aerobic exercise, 150 minutes weekly. Keywords: aerobic exercise; BDNF; cognitive function
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
The IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF ENDURANCE EXERCISE (EE) AND RESISTANCE
EXERCISE (RE) THROUGH THE KYNURENINE PATHWAY IN HEALTHY AND CANCER SUBJECT
- Authors: sienny muliaty sumali
  Pages: 137 - 152
  Abstract: ABSTRACT Introduction: Kynurenine pathway is a process that breaks down tryptophan, an amino acid found in many foods. One of the products of this pathway is kynurenine, which has been shown to affect the immune system.Acute and resistance exercise can alter the kynurenine pathway and enhance immune function by modifying immune cell mediators. Methods: This systematic review analyzed the effects of acute and resistance exercise on the kynurenine pathway and immune system. The study collected information through a computerized publication database search using specific text words and MeSH-Terms, limited to original articles published in English between 2016-2021. Results: From 10 clinical trials were summarized Exercise influences the kynurenine pathway and immune system, according to three studies acute and chronic endurance training in healthy patients resulted in higher kyn clearance and lower kyn levels. And two studies through a reduction in kyn levels and a downregulation of the kynurenine tryptophan ratio, cancer patients can modify their immune systems. Meanwhile one study had no effect on kyn levels in depressed patients who had undergone both short-term and long-term endurance and strength training. One study had increased their levels of kyn and their kyn:trp ratio. One study examined the short-term impacts of resistance and endurance training found that both types of exercise increased the expression of increase in CD3+ lymphocytes after both EE and RE and an increase in PD-1+ CD8+ T-cells after EE. Proportions of T-cell populations changed only after EE but without explicitly examining metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Conclusion: By changing immune cell mediators, endurance exercise (EE) and resistance exercise (RE) can affect the kynurenine pathway and improve immunological function. Exercise therapies can result in cancer patients having lower levels of kynurenine and higher levels of tryptophan and kynurenic acid, both of which are linked to enhanced immune function and decreased inflammation. According to this research, exercise can be a non-pharmacological intervention to improve immune function and possibly prevent chronic illnesses linked to inflammation and immunological dysfunction. Keywords : physical activity, Exercise,aging, immunosenescence, innate immune system, adaptive immune system
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
RESISTANCE TRAINING EFFECT ON TRABECULAR BONE SCORE
- Authors: Lia Arista Wijaya
  Pages: 153 - 160
  Abstract: Osteoporosis is one of the many signs of aging. Physical activities has been known as the best non-pharmacology treatment for osteoporosis as resistance training can stimulate and maintain bone gain. Bone mineral density (BMD) is usually used as the parameter to evaluate bone quality since BMD is used for osteoporosis diagnosis. But, trabecular bone score (TBS) is a far more superior parameter in evaluating bone quality. Regrettably, there is a scarcity of research on this topic, as the majority of studies utilize BMD as the parameter for assessing bone quality. This literature review aims to provide data about the effect of resistance training on TBS for better early prediction and prevention of morbidity and mortality caused by osteoporosis-related fractures. The study searches for articles published in the last 10 years in English or French discussing resistance training and TBS. Five studies are included, which consist of 3 experimental studies and 2 case-control studies. The results suggest that resistance training can stimulate and maintain bone gain, which is superior to non-weight-bearing exercise. TBS has been found to be a more accurate predictor of fracture risk compared to BMD alone. Overall, the literature review suggests that resistance training may improve TBS and prevent osteoporosis-related fractures. Based on Frost's mechanostat theory, bone mechanical properties can be significantly enhanced through high strain generated during physical activity. Nevertheless, the bone's adaptive response to resistance exercise is typically specific to the trained site, which means that only the region exercised will exhibit greater bone mineral density.
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
EFFECT OF ACUTE EXERCISE FOR GENITAL SEXUAL AROUSAL IN FEMALES
- Authors: Therene Roteno
  Pages: 161 - 169
  Abstract: Background: Studies to investigate the relationship between exercise and sexual function are limited. The physiological mechanism during exercise in affecting female sexual function, especially genital sexual arousal is assessed. Methods: We performed literature searching in several online databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar. We performed searching using keywords (acute exercise) AND (sexual arousal) to find eligible literature. We create a narrative review to discuss the effect of acute exercise on genital sexual arousal. Discussion: Acute exercise is reported to have an influence on the expression of hormones such as cortisol, estrogen, prolactin, oxytocin, and testosterone. The cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone increase genital sexual arousal by direct effect. Genital sexual arousal occurs due to the increased thickness of the vaginal epithelium, increase vaginal lubrication, and increase genital sensations. Prolactin and oxytocin influence genital sexual arousal by indirect effect. Acute exercise also increases the activation of the sympathetic nervous system which leads to increased genital sexual arousal in females. The increased sympathetic tone leads to increase cardiac output and vasodilatation. Vasodilatation causes an increase in blood flow to the genital organ. Conclusion: Acute exercise increases genital sexual arousal in females via hormonal and sympathetic nervous system pathways. Keywords: acute exercise; genital; hormonal; sexual arousal, sympathetic
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP) LEVEL AMONG
OBESE POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
- Authors: faustina theresa
  Pages: 170 - 179
  Abstract: The results of the study show that the menopausal transition is associated with increased fat and inflammation, which are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Physical activity is recommended as an effective approach to reducing and preventing risk. The method used is a systematic literature review with Proquest database, Google Scholar, national and international journals with year range from 2012 - 2023. The criteria for the articles were female research subjects, young or old, obese with a BMI > 30 kg/m2 , with post menopausal conditions. The results showed that physical activity can reduce CRP levels. Given the importance of establishing physical activity in reducing CRP levels, this article aims to assess the effect of physical exercise on inflammatory biomarkers as a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CRP) in postmenopausal women with obesity, then further explore the potential role of C-reactive protein in this association. Keywords: physical activity, obesity , menopause, CRP
  
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)
ENHANCING RECREATIONAL SPORTS EXPERIENCE
- Authors: I Made Krisna Dinata
  Pages: 180 - 188
  Abstract: Lumintang Field is utilized as a recreational sports facility. An ergonomic assessment is necessary to ensure that individuals can engage in recreational sports activities in a healthy, safe, comfortable, effective, and efficient. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ergonomic aspects of the recreational sports facilities at Lumintang Field. The data collected through observations, measurements, and interviews carried out with users, vendors, and staff members. Lumintang Field offers a sufficient supply of drinking water and a canteen. Recreational sports participants have limited knowledge concerning the appropriate exercise load, which can result in adverse consequences such as sports injuries. Regarding body posture aspects, attention should be given to the compatibility of anthropometric dimensions of gymnastic equipment to ensure safe usage for all age groups. In terms of environmental conditions, Lumintang Field offers a comfortable environment for exercising during the day, with good air circulation and shade provided by trees. Lumintang Field can be used throughout the day, but sports activities tend to be carried out in the morning and evening. Some rule violations were also identified, such as bringing dogs and smoking. The research recommendations include improving the anthropometric dimensions of gymnastic equipment, and enhancing lighting in specific areas. In order to achieve optimal utilization, ergonomic research and practices are highly necessary in the design and maintenance of recreational sports facilities.
  PubDate: 2023-08-07
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 2 (2023)

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