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Strength & Conditioning Journal
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.331  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 58  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1524-1602 - ISSN (Online) 1533-4295 Published by LWW Wolters Kluwer  [330 journals]
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- The Effect of Combined Strength Training on Vertical Jump Performance in
Young Basketball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis-
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Authors: Uysal; Hüseyin Şahin; Dalkiran, Oguzhan; Korkmaz, Sezgin; Akyildiz, Zeki; Nobari, Hadi; Clemente, Filipe Manuel
Abstract:
Combined strength training is performed with a combination of plyometric exercises and traditional strength exercises. This training method with different protocols (such as complex training or contrast training) is used to develop vertical jump performance in basketball. Combined strength training is based on the theory of PAP, and physiological changes in the nervous musculature allow for acute performance enhancement. Included and excluded studies were determined according to PICOS criteria. The search was performed on the electronic databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus between September 1-7, 2022. The effect of combined strength training on vertical jump performance in basketball was compared with different training methods and as a result, a moderate effect was found in favor of combined strength training (ES=1.11, (95%CI 0.63-1.60), I2= 82%). As a result of systematic review and meta-analysis, it has been found that combined strength training applied in different forms in basketball is superior to other training methods in improving vertical jump performance. On the other hand, there is no superiority between the combined strength training protocols. Athletic performance specialists may improve jump performance by combining plyometric and traditional strength exercises in the same training season.
PubDate: Mon, 04 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Harvey Newton, 1948–2023
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Abstract:
No abstract available
PubDate: Thu, 29 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Spit It Out: Is Caffeine Mouth Rinse an Effective Ergogenic Aid' A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis-
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Authors: Nabuco; Lara Lima; Mendes, Guilherme Falcão; Barreto, Gabriel; Saunders, Bryan; Reis, Caio Eduardo Gonçalves
Abstract:
The effects of caffeine mouth rinse (Caff-MR) on sports performance have been evaluated by recent studies presenting contrasting results. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the effects of Caff-MR on sports performance. According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations, the search through PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was performed until December 2021. A random-effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences was performed to assess the overall effect of Caff-MR on sports performance-related outcomes. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria (207 participants). The meta-analysis showed no significant overall effect of Caff-MR on sports performance (p = 0.09). Moreover, no effects were shown on maximal heart rate or ratings of perceived exertion. The risk of bias for the included studies assessed using the risk of bias in randomized trials Cochrane tool presented 87.5% (n = 14) of the studies as medium and 12.5% (n = 2) as high scores. These data do not support using Caff-MR for sports performance, although more consistent and well-controlled studies are warranted. Large heterogeneity in study designs precludes making practical recommendations for exercise performance. More research is warranted to elucidate the potential of Caff-MR, specifically focusing on determining the optimal dose.
PubDate: Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- A Meta-analysis of the Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and
Small-Sided Games on Sprint Performance in Adolescents-
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Authors: Zhang; Zhi Yong; Ji, Hong Shen; He, Jia Xin; Huang, Lin Jie; Ding, Shi Cong; Sun, Jian; Li, Duan Ying
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This study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and small-sided games (SSGs) on sprint performance in adolescent athletes in team sports and to provide reference data for training adolescent team-sport athletes. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and SPORTDiscus. Seven eligible articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. HIIT was significantly better than SSGs in the improvement of linear sprint ability (LSA) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.35; p = 0.007). Within-group comparisons showed that both HIIT (SMD = 0.45; p = 0.0007) and SSGs (SMD = 0.27; p = 0.04) effectively improved LSA. There was no significant difference between HIIT and SSGs in the improvement of repeated sprint ability (RSA) (SMD = −0.05; p = 0.77). Within-group comparisons showed no significant differences but a larger effect size of HIIT (SMD = 0.36) than that of SSGs (SMD = 0.17). HIIT is superior to SSGs in improving LSA. Although HIIT is not the best training method for sprint ability, it improves aerobic capacity and speed performance, helping athletes save time and improve training efficiency. HIIT and SSGs have similar training effects on RSA.
PubDate: Fri, 03 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Strength and Conditioning Recommendations for Female Athletes: The Gaelic
Footballer-
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Authors: Duggan; John David; Keane, Karen; Moody, Jeremy; Byrne, Paul J.; Malone, Shane; Collins, Kieran; Ryan, Lisa
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Ladies Gaelic football (LGF) is a traditional, amateur Gaelic sport played by female athletes. LGF is an invasion-based field sport involving high-intensity, intermittent match play. There is currently a paucity of research on intercounty (elite level) LGF despite a growing interest in the male version of the game. This article aims to provide strength and conditioning recommendations for LGF with particular focus on the intercounty level of play. Recommendations within this article include a needs analysis, female injury epidemiology, physical and physiological demands, female physiology, strength training, and specific conditioning guidelines based on the sport. Additional recommendations include an LGF-specific testing battery, a proposed periodization cycle, and sports-specific speed and agility development.
PubDate: Wed, 25 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Training Load Within a Soccer Microcycle Week—A Systematic Review
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Authors: Silva; Hugo; Nakamura, Fábio Yuzo; Castellano, Julen; Marcelino, Rui
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Quantifying training load is important to ensure that athletes correctly respond to training prescription and reduce injury risk. Training load can be divided into internal training load, the response of an individual to the training demand, and external training load, the physical “work” of the players. We aimed to analyze training load during a training week (microcycle) in soccer players. Systematic searches of 3 electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) were conducted, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines were followed. From 1,718 studies initially found, 16 were selected after screening. Descriptive and Z-score analyses were performed for each variable (acceleration and deceleration [DEC], average speed, high-speed running, sprint, total distance, player load, percentage of maximal heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion [RPE]). A sample of this review was 317 male soccer players aged 16.4–27.6 years, competing in elite, professional, and youth levels. Three days prior to match day was the most demanding session of the week, except for DEC, average speed, and player load demands. The day prior to match day was the least demanding session, except for sprint and RPE. In conclusion, midweek sessions can be chosen to apply higher training loads, whereas training sessions immediately before and after the match can be used to taper or recover.
PubDate: Tue, 24 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Analysis of Time Under Tension in Bench Press Exercise in Recreationally
Trained Individuals: A Systematic Review-
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Authors: Silva; Giullio César Pereira Salustiano Mallen da; Lima, Vicente Pinheiro; Santos, Andressa Oliveira Barros dos; Castro, Juliana Brandão Pinto de; Silva, Yuri Rolim Lopes; Rosa, Guilherme; Nunes, Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira; Vale, Rodrigo Gomes de Souza
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This study aimed to analyze the time under tension (TUT) behavior in the bench press exercise performance in recreationally trained individuals. A systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA recommendations and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022301830). MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Lilacs (BVS) databases were consulted with the terms (resistance training [Title/Abstract]) OR (strength training [Title/Abstract]) AND (time under tension [Title/Abstract]). Cohort studies that analyzed the TUT in the bench press exercise in individuals with experience in resistance training were included. We used the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool to analyze the methodological quality of the included studies. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The total number of participants was 215 individuals (179 men and 36 women). TUT was analyzed from the manipulation of each study variable. The behavior of the TUT in the bench press exercise varies according to the training protocol and method used. The TUT and the number of repetitions can vary to quantify the training volume.
PubDate: Mon, 16 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Selecting Metrics That Matter: Comparing the Use of the Countermovement
Jump for Performance Profiling, Neuromuscular Fatigue Monitoring, and
Injury Rehabilitation Testing-
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Authors: Bishop; Chris; Jordan, Matt; Torres-Ronda, Lorena; Loturco, Irineu; Harry, John; Virgile, Adam; Mundy, Peter; Turner, Anthony; Comfort, Paul
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The countermovement jump (CMJ) is one of the most used performance assessments in strength and conditioning. Although numerous studies discuss the usability of different metrics in this test, this is often performed within the context of a specific aim. However, to our knowledge, no information currently exists providing practitioners with some over-arching recommendations on which metrics to choose when the purpose of using the test differs. This article discusses how the metrics selected to monitor during CMJ testing may differ when aiming to use it as a proxy for athletic performance, as part of neuromuscular fatigue monitoring, or as part of a test battery for return to performance in injured athletes.
PubDate: Mon, 09 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Repeated-Sprint Training With Blood Flow Restriction: A Novel Approach to
Improve Repeated-Sprint Ability'-
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Authors: Mckee; James R.; Girard, Olivier; Peiffer, Jeremiah J.; Scott, Brendan R.
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Team sport athletes commonly perform repeated short-duration sprints (≤10 seconds) separated by brief recovery periods (≤60 seconds). The ability to maintain performance over a series of sprints is termed repeated-sprint ability (RSA). The physiological limiters of RSA include decreased force production capacity, insufficient energy supply, and metabolite accumulation. These limiting factors can be improved through repeated-sprint training, with greater RSA gains when performing this training with systemic hypoxia (i.e., reduced fraction of inspired oxygen). Exercising with blood flow restriction (BFR) causes localized hypoxia and a substantial metabolite load, which may provide an adjunct training method to improve RSA. Training with BFR augments muscular strength and adenosine triphosphate supply, which may improve subsequent sprint performance. Improved aerobic fitness, phosphocreatine resynthesis, and metabolite removal from BFR training could also enhance between-sprint recovery to resist fatigue. Despite the possible physiological benefits of repeated-sprint BFR training to improve RSA, there are no published reviews to collate this information. Therefore, this review proposes a theoretical framework for how BFR training could combat fatiguing factors and improve RSA based on current knowledge of the physiological impact of repeated-sprint training and BFR. Finally, guidance will be provided regarding how practitioners may implement BFR training to improve RSA.
PubDate: Fri, 06 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Strength and Conditioning for Cricket Fielding: A Narrative Review
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Authors: Lim; Julian; Wong, Sing; McErlain-Naylor, Stuart A.; Scanlan, Aaron; Goggins, Luke; Ahmun, Rob; Comfort, Paul; Weldon, Anthony
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The main aim of cricket fielding is to minimize runs scored by the opposing batting team. This is achieved through (a) collecting a batted ball and returning it to the wicket-keeper to prevent runs from being scored, (b) dismissing a batter by catching a batted ball, (c) running a batter out by throwing the ball to strike the stumps, or 4) preventing a batted ball from hitting the boundary. These tasks require various physical fitness attributes, which can be developed through progressive strength and conditioning programming. To support strength and conditioning coaches in developing tailored programs for fielding, this narrative review provides comprehensive information, including a needs analysis, match demands, and injury epidemiology. Furthermore, programming considerations are given for physical testing, program design, and youth fielders. It is recommended to design and implement a well-rounded training program for fielding, focusing on developing a broad range of physical fitness attributes (e.g., aerobic fitness, speed, acceleration, change of direction speed, agility, and upper-body and lower-body strength and power). A combination of traditional weight training exercises and cricket-specific drills can be implemented to achieve this target. This approach allows the training program to meet the specific needs for high- performance fielding.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT-
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- Human Performance Optimization (HPO) for the Warfighter—Keeping It
Simple in a Complex Age: A Narrative Review-
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Authors: Nevin; Jonpaul; Jones, Martin Ian
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For the past 2 decades, western Armed Forces have been almost continuously engaged in combat operations worldwide. Over this period, changes to the character of conflict, combined with technological advancements, have resulted in a contemporary military operational environment that is arguably more volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous than ever before. However, although the character of conflict may have changed, it fundamentally remains a human endeavor that places unique and intense physiological, psychological, and cognitive demands on the warfighter. As a result, there has been an increased emphasis in military and scientific circles on the concept of human performance optimization. In addition, the concept of the tactical athlete as a categorization for military personnel and those who work in extremis settings has developed within the professional strength and conditioning community. Therefore, the following narrative review aims to outline the concept of human performance optimization, review the demands of the modern operational environment, and provide strength and conditioning practitioners working with military personnel with evidence-based recommendations to optimize the physiological, psychological, and cognitive performance of the warfighter.
PubDate: Mon, 26 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT-
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