Authors:Wubayehu Gebremedhin, Mamo Bekele Abstract: As an important staple food crop rice production needs to be increased by 40% by the end of the 2030s to meet the increasing demand for food due to the expanding population. In this regard countries like Ethiopia having reasonable potential of rice production in various areas, mainly in rainfed lowland, upland and irrigated ecosystems are the major targets. But such Agricultural activities contribute to approximately 18.4% of to the present concentrations of GHGs emission followed by energy sector that are considered as one of the major sources of emissions however, this warming potential is a cumulative effect of 100 years horizon. CH4 gas is produced under flooded or anaerobic soil conditions by the process of methanogenesis while N2O gas is produced through nitrification and denitrification processes. Consequently predicting the dynamic changes in emission of GHGs and rice yield in paddy fields and keeping the possible solution should be considered. From the scenarios of rice and green house gas emissions water managements on paddy soils as well as organic and inorganic fertilizations under plenty mass production of rice on paddy soils are top most considerable’s. Therefore conducting researches to fills the gap by determining the effect of nutrient and water management on rice yield and greenhouse gas emission should be developed and in lined with the mass production for the future. Keywords: Paddy Soils; Fertilization; Water Management; Green house gases DOI : 10.7176/JEES/12-4-01 Publication date: April 30th 2022 Issue No:Vol. 12
Authors:Matthews Odek, Rael Maiyo Chepchumba, Dorcas Serem Abstract: Laundry and dry cleaning practices are a global process that contributes to the length and life of apparel and textile products. However, this process results in waste waters that may have an adverse effect on the environment. To investigate this, this paper looks at the need to ensure sanitation and waste water management along the entire value chain in Kisumu City, Kenya, by determining the levels of waste water physical-chemical parameters disposed of laundry and dry cleaning practices in relation to environmental pollution. The conceptual framework borrowed ideas from the Expectation Disconfirmation Theory. Cross-sectional survey and experimental design were employed. Levels of waste water physical-chemical parameters from households and commercial laundry and dry cleaning outlets were collected and determined at Lake Victoria Environmental Management (LVEMP) Laboratory and at Safe Water and Aids Project (SWAP) Laboratory and further analyzed using SPSS. The study established that the levels of waste water chemical parameters disposed off from LDC services from both commercial and household LDC service providers had negative impact to the general environment and aquatic life. Keywords: Laundry and Dry Cleaning, Kisumu City, Environmental Pollution, Waste Water, Physical-Chemical Parameters, Sanitation DOI : 10.7176/JEES/12-4-04 Publication date: April 30th 2022 Issue No:Vol. 12
Authors:Neculina Anyinkeng, Godlove Ambe Neba, Aaron Suh Tening Abstract: Sediments form a natural buffer and filter system in the material cycles of waters. They qualify total ecosystem of a body of water because they reflect the long-term quality situation as well as current inputs. This study aimed at assessing the physico-chemical properties of sediments from some water sources in Buea, following varied anthropogenic activities and their ecotoxicological implications. Water and sediment samples were collected following standard procedures. Spatial variations in these parameters were observed. Comparing the mean heavy metal concentration in water across the categories, DW had the highest concentration for Cu (0.19 mg/L). MW and DW had the highest concentration for Zn with 0.25 mg/L each. Pb was highest in MW category (0.26 mg/L) and CM had the highest Cd concentration (0.30 mg/L). Mean heavy metal concentration of sediments across the categories showed that Cu, Zn and Pb were highest in DW category (0.89 mg/kg, 1.41mg/kg and 1.41 mg/kg respectively), while Cd was highest in CM with a value of 7.78 mg/kg. The presence of the metals in both water and sediments are explained by anthropogenic inputs as well as the other physico-chemical properties of the sediments including pH and particle size. These systems present potential threat to life along the food chain, necessitating protection measures. Keywords: Physico-chemical properties, sediments, water sources, Buea, Ecotoxicological implications DOI : 10.7176/JEES/12-4-05 Publication date: April 30th 2022 Issue No:Vol. 12
Authors:Gunawan Gunawan, Abdul Haris, Ela Uswatun, Sarahtrinita Glikeria Like M., Roni Adi Wijaya Abstract: Methylene blue is a dye that is widely used in industry. These dyes are hazardous and can pose a health risk if discharged directly into the environment. On the other hand, photographic waste containing Ag metal can be used as an AgCl coagulant. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of AgCl coagulant in the adsorption of methylene blue dye. Silver chloride was synthesized from photographic waste using the coagulation precipitation method. The results of the analysis showed that the AgCl coagulant was able to take 88.2% methylene blue dye at neutral pH 7 for 15 min with a stirring speed of 300 rpm for 10 mg/L methylene blue sample. The adsorption capacity of AgCl was 10.9 mg. g-1 and the adsorption kinetics model was pseudo-order 1 with an R2 value of 0.9318. Keywords: AgCl, coagulant, methylene blue DOI : 10.7176/JEES/12-4-06 Publication date: April 30th 2022 Issue No:Vol. 12
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