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- Paddy Farmers Perceptions on Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in
Pemba Island
Authors: Kihupi; M. L.
Pages: 1 - 12
Abstract: Climate change is already exerting its impact on smallholder farmers, necessitating their acknowledgment of these changes and investment in adaptation strategies. The perception of climate change among farmers plays a crucial role in determining their willingness to adapt. This study focuses on the perceptions of paddy farmers regarding climate change and their responses to its impacts. Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions: How do paddy farmers perceive climate change' How do paddy farmers respond to the impacts of climate change' The study was conducted in Wete District, North Pemba Region on Pemba Island. A cross-sectional research design was used, employing multistage cluster sampling along with purposive and simple random techniques. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected, with questionnaire surveys used for quantitative data and key informant interviews for qualitative data. Also, the study used climate data from Tanzania Meteorological Authority, temperature and rainfall data over the past 31 years (1992-2023). Quantitative data were analysed using the statistical package for social sciences software, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study findings reveal that paddy farmers in the study area perceive an increase in temperature, changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in dry spells, and a rise in sea level. The study also identifies various strategies used by paddy farmers to cope with the impacts of climate change, including the construction of embankments, the use of pesticides, irrigation, and skipping meals. However, the construction of ridges to prevent seawater intrusion into paddy farms was found to be less effective. Therefore, the study recommends that the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar should consider building a sea wall to help paddy farmers build resilience against the current and future impacts of climate change. Paddy farmers in Pemba Island are also advised to adopt transformative adaptation strategies that are more sustainable and capable of withstanding the projected harsh climate changes in the future. (“To what extent do demographic characteristics influence the adoption of adaptation strategies in response to climate change impacts'”) this sentence has been removed from abstract section. Also the word “ridges” has been replaced with the word “embankments” in abstract section.
PubDate: 2024-08-22
DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94385
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 9 (2024)
- Trend Analysis of Weather Variables and Reference Evapotranspiration of
Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Crop for Haryana, India
Authors: Sameer Gill, Shraddha Rawat, Sumer Singh Kulariya
Pages: 13 - 22
Abstract: The agriculture sector is a major consumer of the water resource to fulfil the requirement of irrigation. It is important to understand the crop water requirement to prepare a sustainable management of water resources. The present study was conducted for estimation of water requirement of Mustard crop and temporal variability of crop evapotranspiration for different Agroclimatic zones of Haryana during time period (1992-2022). In this IMD Daily Gridded data (Maximum temperature, Minimum temperature and rainfall) is used and converted into weekly, monthly, seasonally and annually from weather cock for run in the CROPWAT model which estimates the reference evapotranspiration (ET0), Effective rainfall, crop water requirement and irrigation water requirement. After that we analysed the trend by using Mann-Kendall test. The result of the experiment revealed that the analysis that maximum temperature of Haryana state for the time period 1992-2022 was around 30.43 ± 1.71℃ and minimum temperature was around 17.27±1.12℃ and rainfall was around 726.46±295.72mm. The monthly analysis of maximum temperature for 30 years data revealed that the month of January has lowest Maximum temperature, while May month observes highest maximum temperature and the lowest minimum temperature was in month of January in all the Agroclimatic zones of Haryana. The monthly analysis of rainfall for time period (1992-2022) showed that for overall Haryana region July month receives the highest amount of rainfall, while November month receives lowest rainfall.
PubDate: 2024-08-23
DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94386
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 9 (2024)
- Impact of Sewage on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Amaranthus: A
Phytotoxicity Study
Authors: S. Jagasri, J. Kannan, R. Jayashree, S. Sheeba, K. Prabakaran, R. M. Jayabalakrishnan
Pages: 23 - 32
Abstract: Aims: To investigate the phytotoxic effects of sewage on the germination of red amaranthus as a preliminary step before field trials. Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: Department of soils and environment, Agricultural college and research institute, Madurai. During April – June, 2024. Methodology: The experiment utilized six treatment levels - control, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% raw sewage - employing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The experimental data were collected and analyzed. Results: The results showed that the physico-chemical parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were relatively high in the sewage, causing toxicity to plant, severely affected seed germination and early seedling growth. The maximum toxicity (85-100%) was recorded at 100% sewage concentration, while the minimum relative toxicity percentage (1.5-3.1%) was observed at a 20% sewage. The highest phytotoxicity (100%) occurred at 7 days after sowing (DAS) in the 100% effluent. Conclusion: The dilution with lower EC and TDS had the less adverse effect on the growth of roots and shoots as compared with the higher concentrations. This study indicates that raw sewage wastewater could be harmful, but diluting it may allow it to be safely used for irrigating amaranthus.
PubDate: 2024-08-23
DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94388
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 9 (2024)
- Analysis of Rainfall Trends and Change Point Detection in Kodagu District,
Karnataka
Authors: Karthik V C, Vinay H T, Jagadeesh M S, Ragini H R, Gaddala Prem, Pavithra V
Pages: 33 - 43
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the long-term trends and Change Point Detection in monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall in Kodagu district, Karnataka, from 1950 to 2023. The Wallis and Moore Phase-Frequency test was employed to assess the randomness of the rainfall, while the linear regression trend line, Mann-Kendall (MK) test, and Modified-Mann Kendall (MMK) test were used to identify trends in the rainfall data. The MMK test revealed a significant increasing trend in rainfall during August (2.34 mm year-1) and September (1.78 mm year-1). Conversely, the other months, as well as the seasonal and annual rainfall, showed no significant trends. The Buishand U test identified August, September, and the monsoon season in the year 2003 as the trend change points, with no significant change points detected for the other months, seasons, or annual rainfall. This study helps to understanding regional climate variability, identifying significant trends, and detecting shifts in rainfall patterns, which are essential for informed water resource management, agricultural planning, and climate resilience strategies in the region.
PubDate: 2024-08-24
DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94389
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 9 (2024)
- Estimation of Surface Runoff from Dapoli Watershed Using Remote Sensing
and GIS
Authors: Y. S. Tsopoe, H. N. Bhange, B. L. Ayare, P. M. Ingle, P. B. Bansode
Pages: 44 - 53
Abstract: Soil and water are the two basic natural resources for the survival of living organisms and the future of the world depends largely on the effective management, utilization and development of these resources. In this present study, Dapoli watershed located in Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra, has been considered as the study area for the estimation of surface runoff by SCS Curve Number method using remote sensing and GIS. SRTM DEM of 30m resolution and SENTINEL 2 satellite imagery of 10m resolution were used to generate thematic maps such as elevation map, HSG map, stream order map and LULC map. The results of this study showed that the highest rainfall was observed in the year 2021 and the lowest rainfall was observed in the year 2015. The maximum and minimum annual runoff depth from 1993-2022 were in the years 2021 (2505.14 mm) and 2001 (734.81 mm) respectively. The study revealed that in the past 30 years, 41.68% of the rainfall was contributed to runoff and SCS-CN method coupled with remote sensing and GIS can serve as a useful tool for estimating surface runoff in the coming years for similar watersheds.
PubDate: 2024-08-24
DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94391
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 9 (2024)
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