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- BEFORE AND AFTER THE COPENHAGEN ACCORD — CHANGES IN THE CHARACTERISTICS
FOR ODA DONORS IN THE MITIGATION SECTOR-
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Authors: NORIKO NAKAUNE, MASAKO IKEGAMI, CHISA UMEMIYA, RYU KOIDE, TAKAKO WAKIYAMA
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
This study analyzes the changes of correlation between donor characteristics and Official Development Assistance in the mitigation sector (mitigation ODA) before and after the 2009 Copenhagen Accord under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The study used multiple regression analysis using panel data of 23 countries over 15 years. The results give evidence that compared with a donor country with the poorest commitment to climate change, donor countries with a stronger commitment to climate change provided a smaller share of mitigation ODA before 2009 and vice versa after that. Furthermore, donor countries with larger GDP per capita and fewer CO2 emissions per capita provided a larger share of mitigation ODA after 2010, compared to before. These findings indicate that the Accord may have induced donors with stronger commitments to climate change, larger GDP per capita, and fewer CO2 emission per capita to contribute a larger share of mitigation ODA.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-04-29T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S2010007823500161
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- HOUSEHOLD-SPECIFIC SOCIAL NORMS, THE ELASTICITY OF ELECTRICITY DEMAND, AND
CARBON EMISSION REDUCTIONS IN THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR: EVIDENCE FROM A
NATURAL EXPERIMENT IN RUSSIA-
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Authors: SALIM TURDALIEV
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
In this paper, I estimate the price elasticity of residential electricity demand using household-level panel data for Russia. The study takes advantage of the variation in tariffs across regions and over time, as well as the introduction of increasing block rate (IBR) schemes in a number of regions. I show that in those regions consumers appear to be aware of the block cut-offs, even though the latter are based on the prescribed social norms and are household and dwelling specific, to the point that there are up to a total of 31 different tier cut-offs. Based on these results, I estimate the price elasticity of electricity demand to be around −0.1. I also predict the associated changes in electricity consumption, CO2 emissions, and revenues if similar IBR policies are implemented countrywide.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-04-25T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S2010007823500173
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- CLIMATE SENSITIVITY OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION AND PEAK DEMAND IN INDIA:
CASE OF HETEROGENEOUS CLIMATE ZONES-
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Authors: DIVYA JAIN, GOPAL K. SARANGI, SUKANYA DAS
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
Electricity demand is determined largely by regional climate conditions and seasonal characteristics, apart from a myriad of socio-economic and demographic factors. This paper investigates the climate sensitivity of electricity consumption and peak demand in six energy-intensive Indian states across heterogeneous climate zones using a non-parametric approach known as multivariate adaptive regression splines. The results show the highest temperature sensitivity of cooling electricity consumption in Punjab (8.2%), followed by Rajasthan (3.5%), Madhya Pradesh (3.1%), Tamil Nadu (2.3%), and Uttar Pradesh (1.2%). Among other climate variables, relative humidity has a non-linear impact on electricity consumption in the majority of states. The minimum temperature rise has a stronger influence on peak electricity demand than the maximum temperature in three states. Given that air-conditioning penetration is expected to increase in the future, this state-level analysis will help in developing accurate forecasts for electricity demand and formulating climate adaptation strategies for India.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-03-28T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S2010007823500136
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- TOO HOT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
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Authors: GANG JIN, YUTING SUN
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
Previous studies have focused on the benefits of adaptation in mitigating the negative effect of climate change on economic production, neglecting that adaptive energy input cannot be directly translated into output, which may be a barrier to sustainable development. Based on panel data from 280 cities in China from 2003 to 2016, we first calculate the energy efficiency as a proxy for sustainable development by using the nonradial directional distance function (NDDF) method. Second, we estimate energy efficiency as a function of temperature shocks, and we use these estimates to predict future potential impacts from climate change. We find three primary results: First, higher temperatures substantially reduce energy efficiency. Second, the heat effect on energy efficiency is homogenous across regions with different climates, suggesting that while adaptations in hot regions can mitigate the harmful effects of heat on output, this mitigation is completely offset by the concomitant increase in energy costs. Third, the energy efficiency would decrease by 2.82% in the medium term (2041–2060) and by 12.02% in the long term (2061–2080), under the assumption that carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase throughout the 21st century. These findings suggest that moderate adaptations to climate change are crucial for sustainable development.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-03-28T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S2010007823500148
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- NATURAL DISASTERS AND DEBT FINANCING COSTS
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Authors: BORIS FISERA, ROMAN HORVATH, MARTIN MELECKY
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
Using a comprehensive dataset of 272 large-scale natural disasters in 83 countries from 1986 to 2018, we find that disasters increase government debt financing costs (T-bill rates and 10-year government bond yields) but only in the middle- and low-income countries. This distinct response relative to high-income countries is due to lower levels of credit market depth, of private insurance penetration, and of central bank independence. The results for all natural disasters are driven by biological (epidemic) and climatological disasters — two types of hazards, the frequency and severity of which have been rising.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-03-28T07:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S201000782350015X
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FAMILY FARMING AND
LARGE-SCALE AGRICULTURE IN BRAZIL: A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
APPROACH-
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Authors: TARIK MARQUES DO PRADO TANURE, EDSON PAULO DOMINGUES, ALINE DE SOUZA MAGALHÃES
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
This paper analyzes the regional economic impacts of climate change (CC) on the agricultural productivity of crops linked to family farming and large-scale agriculture in Brazil. Variations in agricultural productivity estimated according to CC scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 [IPCC (). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Core Writing Team, RK Pachauri and LA Meyer (eds.), IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151pp.], between 2021 and 2050, were used as inputs in the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model AGRO-BR to project the economic impacts of the phenomenon. The model presents regional configuration composed of the 27 Brazilian Federation Units and 42 agricultural sectors, disaggregated into family farming and large-scale agriculture sectors. The results indicate that the North and Northeast regions would be negatively affected, Midwest and Southeast would suffer moderate impacts, while the South region would benefit mostly. São Paulo, Paraná, and Rio Grande do Sul would show economic growth, softening the negative impacts on national GDP. Regional disparities and the deterioration of food security conditions could increase in Brazil.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2023-01-13T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S2010007823500124
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2023)
- ERRATUM — ACHIEVING GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION THROUGH CLIMATE CHANGE
CONTROL WITH THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN COVID-19 PERIOD-
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Authors: ZHEN LIU, JIALI TIAN, LEILING WANG, RUBAB GUL
Abstract: Climate Change Economics, Volume 14, Issue 03, August 2023.
Citation: Climate Change Economics
PubDate: 2022-12-02T08:00:00Z
DOI: 10.1142/S201000782392001X
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 03 (2022)
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