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- A 3D glacier-dynamics line-plume model to estimate the frontal ablation of
Hansbreen, Svalbard
Abstract: A 3D glacier-dynamics line-plume model to estimate the frontal ablation of Hansbreen, Svalbard
José M. Muñoz-Hermosilla, Jaime Otero, Eva De Andrés, Kaian Shahateet, Francisco Navarro, and Iván Pérez-Doña
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-144,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
A large fraction of the mass loss from marine-terminating glaciers is attributed to frontal ablation. In this study, we used a 3D ice-flow model of a real glacier that includes the effects of calving and submarine melting. Over a 30-month simulation, we found that the model reproduced the seasonal cycle for this glacier. Besides, the front positions were in good agreement with observations in the central part of the front, with longitudinal differences, on average, below 15 metres.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 23:40:31 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1442023
- Comparing elevation and backscatter retrievals from CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2
over Arctic summer sea ice
Abstract: Comparing elevation and backscatter retrievals from CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 over Arctic summer sea ice
Geoffrey J. Dawson and Jack C. Landy
The Cryosphere, 17, 4165–4178, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4165-2023, 2023
In this study, we compared measurements from CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 over Arctic summer sea ice to understand any possible biases between the two satellites. We found that there is a difference when we measure elevation over summer sea ice using CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2, and this is likely due to surface melt ponds. The differences we found were in good agreement with theoretical predictions, and this work will be valuable for summer sea ice thickness measurements from both altimeters.
PubDate: Wed, 27 Sep 2023 23:40:31 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4165-2023 2023
- Modes of Antarctic tidal grounding line migration revealed by Ice, Cloud,
and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) laser altimetry
Abstract: Modes of Antarctic tidal grounding line migration revealed by Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) laser altimetry
Bryony I. D. Freer, Oliver J. Marsh, Anna E. Hogg, Helen Amanda Fricker, and Laurie Padman
The Cryosphere, 17, 4079–4101, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4079-2023, 2023
We develop a method using ICESat-2 data to measure how Antarctic grounding lines (GLs) migrate across the tide cycle. At an ice plain on the Ronne Ice Shelf we observe 15 km of tidal GL migration, the largest reported distance in Antarctica, dominating any signal of long-term migration. We identify four distinct migration modes, which provide both observational support for models of tidal ice flexure and GL migration and insights into ice shelf–ocean–subglacial interactions in grounding zones.
PubDate: Tue, 26 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4079-2023 2023
- Characterization of in situ cosmogenic 14CO production, retention and loss
in firn and shallow ice at Summit, Greenland
Abstract: Characterization of in situ cosmogenic 14CO production, retention and loss in firn and shallow ice at Summit, Greenland
Benjamin Hmiel, Vasilii V. Petrenko, Christo Buizert, Andrew M. Smith, Michael N. Dyonisius, Philip Place, Bin Yang, Quan Hua, Ross Beaudette, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Christina Harth, Ray F. Weiss, Lindsey Davidge, Melisa Diaz, Matthew Pacicco, James A. Menking, Michael Kalk, Xavier Faïn, Alden Adolph, Isaac Vimont, and Lee T. Murray
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-121,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
The main aim of this research is to improve understanding of carbon-14 that is produced by cosmic rays in ice sheets. Measurements of carbon-14 in ice cores can provide a range of useful information (age of ice, past atmospheric chemistry, past cosmic ray intensity). Our results show that almost all (approx. 95 %) of carbon-14 that is produced in the upper layer of ice sheets is rapidly lost to the atmosphere. Our results also provide better estimates of carbon-14 production rates in deeper ice.
PubDate: Tue, 26 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1212023
- Brief communication: Identification of tundra topsoil frozen/thawed state
from SMAP and GCOM-W1 radiometer measurements using the spectral gradient
method
Abstract: Brief communication: Identification of tundra topsoil frozen/thawed state from SMAP and GCOM-W1 radiometer measurements using the spectral gradient method
Konstantin Muzalevskiy, Zdenek Ruzicka, Alexandre Roy, Michael Loranty, and Alexander Vasiliev
The Cryosphere, 17, 4155–4164, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4155-2023, 2023
A new all-weather method for determining the frozen/thawed (FT) state of soils in the Arctic region based on satellite data was proposed. The method is based on multifrequency measurement of brightness temperatures by the SMAP and GCOM-W1/AMSR2 satellites. The created method was tested at sites in Canada, Finland, Russia, and the USA, based on climatic weather station data. The proposed method identifies the FT state of Arctic soils with better accuracy than existing methods.
PubDate: Mon, 25 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4155-2023 2023
- Forced and internal components of observed Arctic sea-ice changes
Abstract: Forced and internal components of observed Arctic sea-ice changes
Jakob Simon Dörr, David B. Bonan, Marius Årthun, Lea Svendsen, and Robert C. J. Wills
The Cryosphere, 17, 4133–4153, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4133-2023, 2023
The Arctic sea-ice cover is retreating due to climate change, but this retreat is influenced by natural (internal) variability in the climate system. We use a new statistical method to investigate how much internal variability has affected trends in the summer and winter Arctic sea-ice cover using observations since 1979. Our results suggest that the impact of internal variability on sea-ice retreat might be lower than what climate models have estimated.
PubDate: Fri, 22 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4133-2023 2023
- Updated Arctic melt pond fraction dataset and trends 2002–2023 using
ENVISAT and Sentinel-3 remote sensing data
Abstract: Updated Arctic melt pond fraction dataset and trends 2002–2023 using ENVISAT and Sentinel-3 remote sensing data
Larysa Istomina, Hannah Niehaus, and Gunnar Spreen
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-142,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Melt water puddles, or melt ponds on top of the Arctic sea ice are a good measure of the Arctic climate state. In the context of the recent climate warming, the Arctic has warmed about 4 times faster than the rest of the world, and a long-term dataset of the melt pond fraction is needed to be able to model the future development of the Arctic climate. We present such a dataset, produce 2002–2023 trends and highlight a potential melt regime shift with drastic regional trends of +20 % per decade.
PubDate: Fri, 22 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1422023
- New estimates of pan-Arctic sea ice–atmosphere neutral drag coefficients
from ICESat-2 elevation data
Abstract: New estimates of pan-Arctic sea ice–atmosphere neutral drag coefficients from ICESat-2 elevation data
Alexander Mchedlishvili, Christof Lüpkes, Alek Petty, Michel Tsamados, and Gunnar Spreen
The Cryosphere, 17, 4103–4131, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4103-2023, 2023
In this study we looked at sea ice–atmosphere drag coefficients, quantities that help with characterizing the friction between the atmosphere and sea ice, and vice versa. Using ICESat-2, a laser altimeter that measures elevation differences by timing how long it takes for photons it sends out to return to itself, we could map the roughness, i.e., how uneven the surface is. From roughness we then estimate drag force, the frictional force between sea ice and the atmosphere, across the Arctic.
PubDate: Thu, 21 Sep 2023 22:22:04 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4103-2023 2023
- Spatially distributed snow depth, bulk density, and snow water equivalent
from ground-based and airborne sensor integration at Grand Mesa, Colorado,
USA
Abstract: Spatially distributed snow depth, bulk density, and snow water equivalent from ground-based and airborne sensor integration at Grand Mesa, Colorado, USA
Tate G. Meehan, Ahmad Hojatimalekshah, Hans-Peter Marshall, Elias J. Deeb, Shad O'Neel, Daniel McGrath, Ryan W. Webb, Randall Bonnell, Mark S. Raleigh, Christopher Hiemstra, and Kelly Elder
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-141,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Snow water equivalent (SWE) is a critical parameter for yearly water supply forecasting and can be calculated by multiplying the snow depth by the snow density. We combined high-spatial resolution snow depth information with ground-based radar measurements to solve for snow density. Extrapolated density estimates over our study area resolved detailed patterns that agree with the known interactions of snow with wind, terrain, and vegetation and were utilized in the calculation of SWE.
PubDate: Wed, 20 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1412023
- Deformation lines in Arctic sea ice: intersection angle distribution and
mechanical properties
Abstract: Deformation lines in Arctic sea ice: intersection angle distribution and mechanical properties
Damien Ringeisen, Nils Hutter, and Luisa von Albedyll
The Cryosphere, 17, 4047–4061, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4047-2023, 2023
When sea ice is put into motion by wind and ocean currents, it deforms following narrow lines. Our two datasets at different locations and resolutions show that the intersection angle between these lines is often acute and rarely obtuse. We use the orientation of narrow lines to gain indications about the mechanical properties of sea ice and to constrain how to design sea-ice mechanical models for high-resolution simulation of the Arctic and improve regional predictions of sea-ice motion.
PubDate: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4047-2023 2023
- GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT): a statistically and physically
based framework for evaluating glacier velocity products derived from
optical satellite image feature tracking
Abstract: GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT): a statistically and physically based framework for evaluating glacier velocity products derived from optical satellite image feature tracking
Whyjay Zheng, Shashank Bhushan, Maximillian Van Wyk De Vries, William Kochtitzky, David Shean, Luke Copland, Christine Dow, Renette Jones-Ivey, and Fernando Pérez
The Cryosphere, 17, 4063–4078, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4063-2023, 2023
We design and propose a method that can evaluate the quality of glacier velocity maps. The method includes two numbers that we can calculate for each velocity map. Based on statistics and ice flow physics, velocity maps with numbers close to the recommended values are considered to have good quality. We test the method using the data from Kaskawulsh Glacier, Canada, and release an open-sourced software tool called GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT) to help users assess their velocity maps.
PubDate: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4063-2023 2023
- Basal Sliding and Hydrological Drainage at Baltoro Glacier
Abstract: Basal Sliding and Hydrological Drainage at Baltoro Glacier
Anna Wendleder, Jasmin Bramboeck, Jamie Izzard, Thilo Erbertseder, Pablo d’Angelo, Andreas Schmitt, Duncan J. Quincey, Christoph Mayer, and Matthias H. Braun
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-133,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
This study analyses the basal sliding and the hydrological drainage of Baltoro Glacier, Pakistan. The surface velocity was characterized by a spring speed-up, summer peak, and fall speed-up. Snowmelt has the largest impact to the spring speed-up, summer velocity peak, and to the transition from inefficient to efficient drainage. Drainage from supraglacial lakes contributed to the fall speed-up. Increased summer temperatures will intensify the magnitude of melt water and thus surface velocities.
PubDate: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1332023
- Quantifying frost weathering induced rock damage in high alpine rockwalls
Abstract: Quantifying frost weathering induced rock damage in high alpine rockwalls
Till Mayer, Maxim Deprez, Laurenz Schröer, Veerle Cnudde, and Daniel Draebing
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-120,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Frost weathering drives rockfall and shapes the evolution of alpine landscapes. We employed a novel combination of investigation techniques to assess the influence of different climatic conditions on high alpine rock faces. Our results imply that rockwalls exposed to freeze-thaw conditions, which are likely to occur at lower elevations, will weather more rapidly than rockwalls exposed to sustained freezing conditions due to winter snow cover or permafrost at higher elevations.
PubDate: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1202023
- Assessing the key concerns in snow storage: A case study for China
Abstract: Assessing the key concerns in snow storage: A case study for China
Xing Wang, Feiteng Wang, Jiawen Ren, Dahe Qin, and Huilin Li
The Cryosphere Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-129,2023
Preprint under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments)
The results reveal that snow pile at the Big Air Shougang lost 158.6 m3 snow (6.7 %) during pre-competition days and Winter Olympic competition days. There were no significant variations in snow quality of the snow piles at the Big Air Shougang and the National Biathlon Center, except for the upper part of the snow piles. The 0.7 and 0.4 m thick cover layers protect the half snow height over the summer season at Beijing and Chongli, respectively.
PubDate: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-2023-1292023
- Reconciling ice dynamics and bed topography with a versatile and fast ice
thickness inversion
Abstract: Reconciling ice dynamics and bed topography with a versatile and fast ice thickness inversion
Thomas Frank, Ward J. J. van Pelt, and Jack Kohler
The Cryosphere, 17, 4021–4045, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4021-2023, 2023
Since the ice thickness of most glaciers worldwide is unknown, and since it is not feasible to visit every glacier and observe their thickness directly, inverse modelling techniques are needed that can calculate ice thickness from abundant surface observations. Here, we present a new method for doing that. Our methodology relies on modelling the rate of surface elevation change for a given glacier, compare this with observations of the same quantity and change the bed until the two are in line.
PubDate: Mon, 18 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4021-2023 2023
- Early Holocene ice on the Begguya plateau (Mt. Hunter, Alaska) revealed by
ice core 14C age constraints
Abstract: Early Holocene ice on the Begguya plateau (Mt. Hunter, Alaska) revealed by ice core 14C age constraints
Ling Fang, Theo M. Jenk, Dominic Winski, Karl Kreutz, Hanna L. Brooks, Emma Erwin, Erich Osterberg, Seth Campbell, Cameron Wake, and Margit Schwikowski
The Cryosphere, 17, 4007–4020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4007-2023, 2023
Understanding the behavior of ocean–atmosphere teleconnections in the North Pacific during warm intervals can aid in predicting future warming scenarios. However, majority ice core records from Alaska–Yukon region only provide data for the last few centuries. This study introduces a continuous chronology for Denali ice core from Begguya, Alaska, using multiple dating methods. The early-Holocene-origin Denali ice core will facilitate future investigations of hydroclimate in the North Pacific.
PubDate: Fri, 15 Sep 2023 00:01:19 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-4007-2023 2023
- Environmental controls on observed spatial variability of soil pore water
geochemistry in small headwater catchments underlain with permafrost
Abstract: Environmental controls on observed spatial variability of soil pore water geochemistry in small headwater catchments underlain with permafrost
Nathan Alec Conroy, Jeffrey M. Heikoop, Emma Lathrop, Dea Musa, Brent D. Newman, Chonggang Xu, Rachael E. McCaully, Carli A. Arendt, Verity G. Salmon, Amy Breen, Vladimir Romanovsky, Katrina E. Bennett, Cathy J. Wilson, and Stan D. Wullschleger
The Cryosphere, 17, 3987–4006, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3987-2023, 2023
This study combines field observations, non-parametric statistical analyses, and thermodynamic modeling to characterize the environmental causes of the spatial variability in soil pore water solute concentrations across two Arctic catchments with varying extents of permafrost. Vegetation type, soil moisture and redox conditions, weathering and hydrologic transport, and mineral solubility were all found to be the primary drivers of the existing spatial variability of some soil pore water solutes.
PubDate: Thu, 14 Sep 2023 23:54:22 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-3987-2023 2023
- Modeling of surface energy balance for Icelandic glaciers using
remote-sensing albedo
Abstract: Modeling of surface energy balance for Icelandic glaciers using remote-sensing albedo
Andri Gunnarsson, Sigurdur M. Gardarsson, and Finnur Pálsson
The Cryosphere, 17, 3955–3986, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3955-2023, 2023
A model was developed with the possibility of utilizing satellite-derived daily surface albedo driven by high-resolution climate data to estimate the surface energy balance (SEB) for all Icelandic glaciers for the period 2000–2021.
PubDate: Wed, 13 Sep 2023 23:54:22 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-3955-2023 2023
- Atmospheric drivers of melt-related ice speed-up events on the Russell
Glacier in southwest Greenland
Abstract: Atmospheric drivers of melt-related ice speed-up events on the Russell Glacier in southwest Greenland
Timo Schmid, Valentina Radić, Andrew Tedstone, James M. Lea, Stephen Brough, and Mauro Hermann
The Cryosphere, 17, 3933–3954, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3933-2023, 2023
The Greenland Ice Sheet contributes strongly to sea level rise in the warming climate. One process that can affect the ice sheet's mass balance is short-term ice speed-up events. These can be caused by high melting or rainfall as the water flows underneath the glacier and allows for faster sliding. In this study we found three main weather patterns that cause such ice speed-up events on the Russell Glacier in southwest Greenland and analyzed how they induce local melting and ice accelerations.
PubDate: Wed, 13 Sep 2023 23:54:22 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-3933-2023 2023
- Evaluating the utility of active microwave observations as a snow mission
concept using observing system simulation experiments
Abstract: Evaluating the utility of active microwave observations as a snow mission concept using observing system simulation experiments
Eunsang Cho, Carrie M. Vuyovich, Sujay V. Kumar, Melissa L. Wrzesien, and Rhae Sung Kim
The Cryosphere, 17, 3915–3931, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3915-2023, 2023
As a future snow mission concept, active microwave sensors have the potential to measure snow water equivalent (SWE) in deep snowpack and forested environments. We used a modeling and data assimilation approach (a so-called observing system simulation experiment) to quantify the usefulness of active microwave-based SWE retrievals over western Colorado. We found that active microwave sensors with a mature retrieval algorithm can improve SWE simulations by about 20 % in the mountainous domain.
PubDate: Tue, 12 Sep 2023 23:54:22 +020
DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-3915-2023 2023
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