 Subjects -> METEOROLOGY (Total: 106 journals)
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- A 1.5-million-year record of orbital and millennial climate variability in
the North Atlantic
Abstract: A 1.5-million-year record of orbital and millennial climate variability in the North Atlantic
David A. Hodell, Simon J. Crowhurst, Lucas Lourens, Vasiliki Margari, John Nicolson, James E. Rolfe, Luke C. Skinner, Nicola C. Thomas, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, Maryline J. Mleneck-Vautravers, and Eric W. Wolff
Clim. Past, 19, 607–636, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-607-2023, 2023
We produced a 1.5-million-year-long history of climate change at International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1385 of the Iberian margin, a well-known location for rapidly accumulating sediments on the seafloor. Our record demonstrates that longer-term orbital changes in Earth's climate were persistently overprinted by abrupt millennial-to-centennial climate variability. The occurrence of abrupt climate change is modulated by the slower variations in Earth's orbit and climate background state.
PubDate: Thu, 16 Mar 2023 03:22:51 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-607-2023 2023
- The new Kr-86 excess ice core proxy for synoptic activity: West Antarctic
storminess possibly linked to Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
movement through the last deglaciation
Abstract: The new Kr-86 excess ice core proxy for synoptic activity: West Antarctic storminess possibly linked to Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) movement through the last deglaciation
Christo Buizert, Sarah Shackleton, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, William H. G. Roberts, Alan Seltzer, Bernhard Bereiter, Kenji Kawamura, Daniel Baggenstos, Anaïs J. Orsi, Ikumi Oyabu, Benjamin Birner, Jacob D. Morgan, Edward J. Brook, David M. Etheridge, David Thornton, Nancy Bertler, Rebecca L. Pyne, Robert Mulvaney, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Peter D. Neff, and Vasilii V. Petrenko
Clim. Past, 19, 579–606, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-579-2023, 2023
It is unclear how different components of the global atmospheric circulation, such as the El Niño effect, respond to large-scale climate change. We present a new ice core gas proxy, called krypton-86 excess, that reflects past storminess in Antarctica. We present data from 11 ice cores that suggest the new proxy works. We present a reconstruction of changes in West Antarctic storminess over the last 24 000 years and suggest these are caused by north–south movement of the tropical rain belt.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Mar 2023 03:22:51 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-579-2023 2023
- A 600 kyr reconstruction of deep Arctic seawater δ18O from benthic
foraminiferal δ18O and ostracode Mg ∕ Ca paleothermometry
Abstract: A 600 kyr reconstruction of deep Arctic seawater δ18O from benthic foraminiferal δ18O and ostracode Mg ∕ Ca paleothermometry
Jesse R. Farmer, Katherine J. Keller, Robert K. Poirier, Gary S. Dwyer, Morgan F. Schaller, Helen K. Coxall, Matt O'Regan, and Thomas M. Cronin
Clim. Past, 19, 555–578, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-555-2023, 2023
Oxygen isotopes are used to date marine sediments via similar large-scale ocean patterns over glacial cycles. However, the Arctic Ocean exhibits a different isotope pattern, creating uncertainty in the timing of past Arctic climate change. We find that the Arctic Ocean experienced large local oxygen isotope changes over glacial cycles. We attribute this to a breakdown of stratification during ice ages that allowed for a unique low isotope value to characterize the ice age Arctic Ocean.
PubDate: Tue, 14 Mar 2023 03:22:51 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-555-2023 2023
- Fluvio-deltaic record of increased sediment transport during the Middle
Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO), Southern Pyrenees, Spain
Abstract: Fluvio-deltaic record of increased sediment transport during the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO), Southern Pyrenees, Spain
Sabí Peris Cabré, Luis Valero, Jorge E. Spangenberg, Andreu Vinyoles, Jean Verité, Thierry Adatte, Maxime Tremblin, Stephen Watkins, Nikhil Sharma, Miguel Garcés, Cai Puigdefàbregas, and Sébastien Castelltort
Clim. Past, 19, 533–554, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-533-2023, 2023
The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was a global warming event that took place 40 Myr ago and lasted ca. 500 kyr, inducing physical, chemical, and biotic changes on the Earth. We use stable isotopes to identify the MECO in the Eocene deltaic deposits of the Southern Pyrenees. Our findings reveal enhanced deltaic progradation during the MECO, pointing to the important impact of global warming on fluvial sediment transport with implications for the consequences of current climate change.
PubDate: Wed, 08 Mar 2023 16:01:41 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-533-2023 2023
- Deglacial export of pre-aged terrigenous carbon to the Bay of Biscay
Abstract: Deglacial export of pre-aged terrigenous carbon to the Bay of Biscay
Eduardo Queiroz Alves, Wanyee Wong, Jens Hefter, Hendrik Grotheer, Tommaso Tesi, Torben Gentz, Karin Zonneveld, and Gesine Mollenhauer
Clim. Past Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-7,2023
Preprint under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Our study reveals a previously unknown peat source for the massive influx of terrestrial organic matter that was exported from the European continent to the ocean during the last deglaciation. Our findings shed light on ancient terrestrial organic carbon mobilization, providing insights that are crucial for refining climate models.
PubDate: Tue, 07 Mar 2023 16:01:41 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-2023-72023
- On the importance of moisture conveyor belts from the tropical eastern
Pacific for wetter conditions in the Atacama Desert during the
mid-Pliocene
Abstract: On the importance of moisture conveyor belts from the tropical eastern Pacific for wetter conditions in the Atacama Desert during the mid-Pliocene
Mark Reyers, Stephanie Fiedler, Patrick Ludwig, Christoph Böhm, Volker Wennrich, and Yaping Shao
Clim. Past, 19, 517–532, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-517-2023, 2023
In this study we performed high-resolution climate model simulations for the hyper-arid Atacama Desert for the mid-Pliocene (3.2 Ma). The aim is to uncover the atmospheric processes that are involved in the enhancement of strong rainfall events during this period. We find that strong upper-level moisture fluxes (so-called moisture conveyor belts) originating in the tropical eastern Pacific are the main driver for increased rainfall in the mid-Pliocene.
PubDate: Mon, 27 Feb 2023 16:48:35 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-517-2023 2023
- Estimating summer sea ice extent in the Weddell Sea during the early
nineteenth century
Abstract: Estimating summer sea ice extent in the Weddell Sea during the early nineteenth century
Eleanor Love and Grant R. Bigg
Clim. Past Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-4,2023
Preprint under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Over recent decades, opposite trends in sea ice extent have been found between the Arctic and Antarctic. However, early Antarctic expeditions provide much information regarding sea ice. Here summer sea ice positions recorded during 1820–1843 have been compared to recent satellite observations. The key findings of this study indicate a nineteenth century summer northernmost sea ice latitude in much of the Weddell Sea that was further north than during the modern era.
PubDate: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 16:48:35 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-2023-42023
- Disparate energy sources for slow and fast Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles
Abstract: Disparate energy sources for slow and fast Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles
Diederik Liebrand, Anouk T. M. de Bakker, Heather J. H. Johnstone, and Charlotte S. Miller
Clim. Past Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-6,2023
Preprint under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Climate cycles with millennial periodicities are hard to explain, because no Earth-external climate forcing exist that operates on millennial time scales. We show using a statistical analysis of a famous Greenlandic air-temperature record that two disparate energy sources (one astronomical and one centennial) fuel millennial climate variability. We speculate that two distinct climatic/cryospheric (i.e., ice sheet) processes are responsible for the transfer of energy to millennial climate cycles.
PubDate: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 16:48:35 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-2023-62023
- Climate changes during the Late Glacial in southern Europe: new insights
based on pollen and brGDGTs of Lake Matese in Italy
Abstract: Climate changes during the Late Glacial in southern Europe: new insights based on pollen and brGDGTs of Lake Matese in Italy
Mary Robles, Odile Peyron, Guillemette Ménot, Elisabetta Brugiapaglia, Sabine Wulf, Oona Appelt, Marion Blache, Boris Vannière, Lucas Dugerdil, Bruno Paura, Salomé Ansanay-Alex, Amy Cromartie, Laurent Charlet, Stephane Guédron, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, and Sébastien Joannin
Clim. Past, 19, 493–515, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-493-2023, 2023
Quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen and brGDGTs reveal, for the Late Glacial, a warm Bølling–Allerød and a marked cold Younger Dryas in Italy, showing no latitudinal differences in terms of temperatures across Italy. In terms of precipitation, no latitudinal differences are recorded during the Bølling–Allerød, whereas 40–42° N appears as a key junction point between wetter conditions in southern Italy and drier conditions in northern Italy during the Younger Dryas.
PubDate: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 16:48:35 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-493-2023 2023
- Non-spherical microparticle shape in Antarctica during the last glacial
period affects dust volume-related metrics
Abstract: Non-spherical microparticle shape in Antarctica during the last glacial period affects dust volume-related metrics
Aaron Chesler, Dominic Winski, Karl Kreutz, Bess Koffman, Erich Osterberg, David Ferris, Zayta Thundercloud, Joseph Mohan, Jihong Cole-Dai, Mark Wells, Michael Handley, Aaron Putnam, Katherine Anderson, and Natalie Harmon
Clim. Past, 19, 477–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-477-2023, 2023
Ice core microparticle data typically use geometry assumptions to calculate particle mass and flux. We use dynamic particle imaging, a novel technique for ice core dust analyses, combined with traditional laser particle counting and Coulter counter techniques to assess particle shape in the South Pole Ice Core (SPC14) spanning 50–16 ka. Our results suggest that particles are dominantly ellipsoidal in shape and that spherical assumptions overestimate particle mass and flux.
PubDate: Tue, 21 Feb 2023 18:12:15 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-477-2023 2023
- CHELSA-TraCE21k – high-resolution (1 km) downscaled transient
temperature and precipitation data since the Last Glacial Maximum
Abstract: CHELSA-TraCE21k – high-resolution (1 km) downscaled transient temperature and precipitation data since the Last Glacial Maximum
Dirk Nikolaus Karger, Michael P. Nobis, Signe Normand, Catherine H. Graham, and Niklaus E. Zimmermann
Clim. Past, 19, 439–456, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-439-2023, 2023
Here we present global monthly climate time series for air temperature and precipitation at 1 km resolution for the last 21 000 years. The topography at all time steps is created by combining high-resolution information on glacial cover from current and Last Glacial Maximum glacier databases with the interpolation of an ice sheet model and a coupling to mean annual temperatures from a global circulation model.
PubDate: Mon, 20 Feb 2023 18:12:15 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-439-2023 2023
- Drought increase since the mid-20th century in the northern South American
Altiplano revealed by a 389-year precipitation record
Abstract: Drought increase since the mid-20th century in the northern South American Altiplano revealed by a 389-year precipitation record
Mariano S. Morales, Doris B. Crispín-DelaCruz, Claudio Álvarez, Duncan A. Christie, M. Eugenia Ferrero, Laia Andreu-Hayles, Ricardo Villalba, Anthony Guerra, Ginette Ticse-Otarola, Ernesto C. Rodríguez-Ramírez, Rosmery LLocclla-Martínez, Joali Sanchez-Ferrer, and Edilson J. Requena-Rojas
Clim. Past, 19, 457–476, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-457-2023, 2023
In this study, we develop the first tree-ring-based precipitation reconstruction for the northern South American Altiplano back to 1625 CE. We established that the occurrence rate of extreme dry events together with a shift in mean dry conditions for the late 20th–beginning of the 21st century is unprecedented in the past 389 years, consistent with other paleoclimatic records. Our reconstruction provides valuable information about El Niño–Southern Oscillation influences on local precipitation.
PubDate: Mon, 20 Feb 2023 18:12:15 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-457-2023 2023
- Spatiotemporal ITCZ dynamics during the last three millennia in
Northeastern Brazil and related impacts in modern human history
Abstract: Spatiotemporal ITCZ dynamics during the last three millennia in Northeastern Brazil and related impacts in modern human history
Giselle Utida, Francisco William Cruz, Mathias Vuille, Angela Ampuero, Valdir F. Novello, Jelena Maksic, Gilvan Sampaio, Hai Cheng, Haiwei Zhang, Fabio Ramos Dias de Andrade, and R. Lawrence Edwards
Clim. Past Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/cp-2023-2,2023
Preprint under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments)
In order to understand the ITCZ behavior during the past 3 k years over Northeastern Brazil, we reconstruct it based on oxygen stable isotopes of stalagmites in this area. There was a general increasing trend of aridity toward the present, mainly forced by the Atlantic and Pacific variabilities. We describe an ITCZ zonal behavior active around 1100 CE and the period from 1500 to 1750 CE. The dataset also records historical droughts that affected modern human population in this area of Brazil.
PubDate: Thu, 16 Feb 2023 18:12:15 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-2023-22023
- Sea ice and productivity changes over the last glacial cycle in the
Adélie Land region, East Antarctica, based on diatom assemblage
variability
Abstract: Sea ice and productivity changes over the last glacial cycle in the Adélie Land region, East Antarctica, based on diatom assemblage variability
Lea Pesjak, Andrew McMinn, Zanna Chase, and Helen Bostock
Clim. Past, 19, 419–437, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-419-2023, 2023
This study uses diatom assemblages, biogenic silica and Si/Al data over the last 140 kyr from core TAN1302-44 (64°54' S, 144°32' E) to define glacial-to-interglacial paleoenvironments near Antarctica with respect to sea ice duration and ocean circulation. It has found that the sea ice season increased gradually during the last glacial, reaching a maximum before decreasing at the end of MIS 2. Following this, Circumpolar Deep Water increased relative to other times prior to ice sheet retreat.
PubDate: Tue, 14 Feb 2023 00:50:59 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-419-2023 2023
- Modelling feedbacks between the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and climate
during the last glacial cycle
Abstract: Modelling feedbacks between the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and climate during the last glacial cycle
Meike D. W. Scherrenberg, Constantijn J. Berends, Lennert B. Stap, and Roderik S. W. van de Wal
Clim. Past, 19, 399–418, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-399-2023, 2023
Ice sheets have a large effect on climate and vice versa. Here we use an ice sheet computer model to simulate the last glacial cycle and compare two methods, one that implicitly includes these feedbacks and one that does not. We found that when including simple climate feedbacks, the North American ice sheet develops from two domes instead of many small domes. Each ice sheet melts slower when including feedbacks. We attribute this difference mostly to air temperature–ice sheet interactions.
PubDate: Wed, 08 Feb 2023 00:01:23 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-399-2023 2023
- Climatic and societal impacts in Scandinavia following the 536 and
540 CE volcanic double event
Abstract: Climatic and societal impacts in Scandinavia following the 536 and 540 CE volcanic double event
Evelien van Dijk, Ingar Mørkestøl Gundersen, Anna de Bode, Helge Høeg, Kjetil Loftsgarden, Frode Iversen, Claudia Timmreck, Johann Jungclaus, and Kirstin Krüger
Clim. Past, 19, 357–398, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-357-2023, 2023
The mid-6th century was one of the coldest periods of the last 2000 years as characterized by great societal changes. Here, we study the effect of the volcanic double event in 536 CE and 540 CE on climate and society in southern Norway. The combined climate and growing degree day models and high-resolution pollen and archaeological records reveal that the northern and western sites are vulnerable to crop failure with possible abandonment of farms, whereas the southeastern site is more resilient.
PubDate: Fri, 03 Feb 2023 17:06:23 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-357-2023 2023
- Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last
Glacial Maximum
Abstract: Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum
Martin Renoult, Navjit Sagoo, Jiang Zhu, and Thorsten Mauritsen
Clim. Past, 19, 323–356, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-323-2023, 2023
The relationship between the Last Glacial Maximum and the sensitivity of climate models to a doubling of CO2 can be used to estimate the true sensitivity of the Earth. However, this relationship has varied in successive model generations. In this study, we assess multiple processes at the Last Glacial Maximum which weaken this relationship. For example, how models respond to the presence of ice sheets is a large contributor of uncertainty.
PubDate: Thu, 02 Feb 2023 17:06:23 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-323-2023 2023
- Temporal variations of surface mass balance over the last 5000 years
around Dome Fuji, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
Abstract: Temporal variations of surface mass balance over the last 5000 years around Dome Fuji, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
Ikumi Oyabu, Kenji Kawamura, Shuji Fujita, Ryo Inoue, Hideaki Motoyama, Kotaro Fukui, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Yu Hoshina, Naoyuki Kurita, Fumio Nakazawa, Hiroshi Ohno, Konosuke Sugiura, Toshitaka Suzuki, Shun Tsutaki, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Masashi Niwano, Frédéric Parrenin, Fuyuki Saito, and Masakazu Yoshimori
Clim. Past, 19, 293–321, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-293-2023, 2023
We reconstructed accumulation rate around Dome Fuji, Antarctica, over the last 5000 years from 15 shallow ice cores and seven snow pits. We found a long-term decreasing trend in the preindustrial period, which may be associated with secular surface cooling and sea ice expansion. Centennial-scale variations were also found, which may partly be related to combinations of volcanic, solar and greenhouse gas forcings. The most rapid and intense increases of accumulation rate occurred since 1850 CE.
PubDate: Thu, 02 Feb 2023 17:06:23 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-293-2023 2023
- Using data and models to infer climate and environmental changes during
the Little Ice Age in tropical West Africa
Abstract: Using data and models to infer climate and environmental changes during the Little Ice Age in tropical West Africa
Anne-Marie Lézine, Maé Catrain, Julián Villamayor, and Myriam Khodri
Clim. Past, 19, 277–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-277-2023, 2023
Data and climate simulations were used to discuss the West African Little Ice Age (LIA). We show a clear opposition between a dry Sahel–savannah zone and a humid equatorial sector. In the Sahel region, the LIA was characterized by a gradual drying trend starting in 1250 CE after two early warning signals since 1170 CE. A tipping point was reached at 1800 CE. Drying events punctuated the LIA, the largest of which dated to ca. 1600 CE and was also recorded in the savannah zone.
PubDate: Wed, 01 Feb 2023 17:06:23 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-277-2023 2023
- Investigating hydroclimatic impacts of the 168–158 BCE volcanic
quartet and their relevance to the Nile River basin and Egyptian history
Abstract: Investigating hydroclimatic impacts of the 168–158 BCE volcanic quartet and their relevance to the Nile River basin and Egyptian history
Ram Singh, Kostas Tsigaridis, Allegra N. LeGrande, Francis Ludlow, and Joseph G. Manning
Clim. Past, 19, 249–275, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-249-2023, 2023
This work is a modeling effort to investigate the hydroclimatic impacts of a volcanic quartet during 168–158 BCE over the Nile River basin in the context of Ancient Egypt's Ptolemaic era (305–30 BCE). The model simulated a robust surface cooling (~ 1.0–1.5 °C), suppressing the African monsoon (deficit of> 1 mm d−1 over East Africa) and agriculturally vital Nile summer flooding. Our result supports the hypothesized relation between volcanic eruptions, hydroclimatic shocks, and societal impacts.
PubDate: Fri, 27 Jan 2023 17:50:38 +010
DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-249-2023 2023
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