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Coastal communities are at risk from extreme coastal storms. This study leverages US tide gauge data from 1950–2020 to show that likelihood estimates of storm surge extremes have been underpredicted at 85% of gauge sites and finds regional likely changes in their frequency over that historical monitoring period.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-17; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02315-z2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02315-z
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In the past decades, the duration and rate of carbon uptake have increased, enhancing ecosystem productivity. The uptake rate has a larger effect than the duration has on the temporal changes in productivity. Changes in productivity during the early and the late growing seasons are asymmetric, owing to inconsistent changes in the duration of carbon uptake over time.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-16; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02316-y2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02316-y
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An Earth system model including Antarctic ice-shelf cavities is used to explore the response and feedback of Antarctic basal melt in various climate scenarios. The inclusion of ice-shelf cavities provides more comprehensive insight into Southern Ocean dynamics and could improve future climate models.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-16; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02307-z2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02307-z
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The authors assess the current and future burden of mental and behavioural disorders across Australia. They show that high temperatures contributed 1.8% of Australia’s mental and behavioural disorder burden in the 2010s with expected increases to 2.4–2.8% by the 2050s and highlight the need for both adaptation and mitigation.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-14; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02309-x2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02309-x
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Using satellite and carbon-flux data, the authors show that enhanced gross primary productivity in recent decades is driven primarily by increases in the rate, rather than the duration, of carbon uptake. They highlight asymmetric changes in productivity across seasons, which may worsen under climate change.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-10; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02311-32025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02311-3
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Heatwaves in lakes are increasing with climate change, but are typically studied at the surface; little is known about heatwave dynamics with depth. This study finds subsurface heatwaves last longer, but are less intense than surface heatwaves and have increased in frequency over the past 40 years.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-10; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02314-02025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02314-0
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Melting from below is crucial for the future evolution of Antarctic ice shelves. Here the authors use an Earth system model with explicit simulations of ice-shelf cavities to show how regional hydrography and topography determine when an ice shelf will undergo rapid melting.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-10; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02306-02025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02306-0
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Moving towards net-zero carbon emissions reduces reliance on fossil fuels but requires geographically concentrated materials for clean energy technologies. Now research finds countries can reduce emerging materials risks by expanding trading partnerships.Nature Climate Change, Published online: 2025-04-09; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02317-x2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02317-x