Authors:Umaru Tsaku Samuel Pages: 1 - 15 Abstract: This article examines and analyzes concrete issues that undermine national security, growth and development in Nigeria. The paper maintained that national security is under serious threats emanating from the nature and character of the Nigerian State. The Nigerian State is reduced to a means of production by the hegemonic ruling faction, which is why the abundant human and natural resources have never been a spring board for socio-economic and political development, unable to liberate the Nigerian people from the shackles of poverty, unemployment, ignorance and disease in the midst of abundance thereby, generating insecurity. Today, insecurity has enveloped everywhere as communities have been taken over by insurgents and bandits who see criminality as a means of livelihood and sustenance. The streets have been taken over by kidnappers who abduct innocent citizens and demand for huge ransoms at the slightest opportunity. Majority of the people have no hope and confidence in the Nigerian State which is a theatre of accumulation and a depot of corruption by the political elite, who keep development at bay. The paper however concluded that for Nigeria to enjoy national security and to realize her potentials, deliberate efforts must be made to curb corruption which has been a monster that halted development over the years. Economic resources should be equitably distributed among the different ethnic groups who constitute Nigeria. Government must uphold the rule of law and ensure that justice is served to all who deserve it. Elections must not only be free and fair, but must be seen to be free and fair. Enduring institutions must be built by the state to stimulate development necessary to curb poverty, unemployment and ignorance which are catalysts for security crises in Nigeria. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8556 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Halük Ünsal Pages: 16 - 26 Abstract: Aims: The aim of this study is to reveal the views of school bus drivers who perform school bus services as a complementary element of the education process within the scope of the hidden curriculum. Methodology: This study is of qualitative research type. In this study, in-depth and detailed information was collected by interviewing a sufficient number of school bus drivers with the interview method. In this study, convenience sampling technique, one of the random sampling methods, was utilized. Ten willing and volunteer school bus drivers who provide shuttle service in a public primary school in Ankara participated in the study. Interview technique was utilized in the study. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. In the analysis of the data, content analysis technique was used by going through the basic stages. The main categories in the analysis were day, task/responsibility, purpose, behavior, communication, interaction, problem and general. Subcategories were also used. Results: At the end of the research, more than half of the school bus drivers who provided school bus services in the hidden curriculum process stated that their aim was economic conditions and making a living, while about one third stated that they aimed to provide a happy and peaceful transportation service. Most of the school bus drivers face many problems related to students and traffic. As suggestions, school bus drivers want informative meetings to be organized for parents, to be valued, to be educated, tolerant and well-intentioned, and to give priority to school buses in traffic. In this regard, it can be suggested that meetings be held at the beginning and end of the semester and that interviews be held with students, administrators, teachers and parents, who are the other elements of this process. PubDate: 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8557 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Li Yang Pages: 27 - 33 Abstract: The Chinese poet Ai Qing (pen name of Jiang Zhenghan) advocated expressing one’s innermost thoughts directly through poetry, and his poems often used straightforward language to convey strong volition. This article examines Ai Qing’s poetry from the perspectives of form and the process of imagination, using Coleridge's theory of imagination and Ai Qing’s own poetic philosophy. It seeks to explore the volition embodied in Ai Qing’s poetry and how he constructs his own identity through poetry. In terms of form, Ai Qing adhered to “the prose beauty of poetry,” expressing the hope to break free from constraints, liberate thoughts, and assert personal will. Through the unconventional imagination process in his poems, Ai Qing reveals the unconscious self-agent of the poet to speak for the people and an active perspective on the interplay between the poet’s self-agent and the external world. It is the combination of poetic form and the creative process of imagination that constructs Ai Qing’s identity as a national poet yearning for freedom, revolution, and yet filled with a sense of concern. PubDate: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8558 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Ninoo R Palanda, Goodluck D Massawe Pages: 34 - 47 Abstract: In literature, the Maasai community has been identified as the dominating ethnic group among the multiple pastoral communities in Tanzania. The Maasai socio-cultural practice is under external pressure in meaning negotiation and interpretation. The literature identifies globalization and modernity elements as the most influential external factors. Furthermore, project planning is considered as inseparable from globalization and modernity elements as all are focused on social change processes. Different literatures consider discourses as the core of the change process, and that pastoral development projects are associated with discursive practices through its communicative dimensions that entail social interactions whereby discourses are produced, distributed, and consumed. Although studies in development projects are fundamental in understanding discursive practices of such projects, this paper found a very limited body of knowledge on discursive practices in development planning specifically in the Maasai community. Therefore, this paper uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to underscore constructive effects of the used discourses in project documents targeted to the Maasai community on its wider socio-cultural context. This paper employed Fairclough three dimensional model of CDA as its underpinning theoretical and methodological approach. This model guided analyses of the data retrieved from eight (8) project strategic documents that were targeted to the Maasai community. Analyses involved three analytical levels which are textual analysis, discursive practices analysis and socio-cultural practices analysis level as depicted in the used model. Analysis was eclectic in nature as it involved forth and back analyses between the three levels, whereby the first two levels informs socio-cultural constructivism effects of the used discourses. Generally, the study revealed construction of Maasai’s identity, social relations and varying ideologies as the major three categories of constructivism effects of the underscored project planning discourses in the Maasai community. Furthermore this paper found devastating misconceptions and domination of negative portrayals of the Maasai community within the analyzed documents. Finally this paper recommends radical shift on the conveyed meanings and misrepresentation of the indigenous communities specifically the Maasai community in the global and national strategic and developmental process or frameworks. PubDate: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8559 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Mary Daniel Minja, Crispin Magige Ryakitimbo, Lukio Lawrence Mrutu, Nyakeko Francis Pages: 48 - 62 Abstract: This study examined service quality and student satisfaction in higher education, focusing on the Tanzania Institute of Accountancy (TIA) Singida Campus. Using SERVQUAL model, the research explored five dimensions of service quality: tangibles, assurance, reliability, responsiveness, and empathy. A case study design was employed to gather data from 297 diploma and undergraduate students. Quantitative analysis via IBM SPSS version 25 revealed varied satisfaction levels across the SERVQUAL dimensions. Tangibles received the lowest satisfaction scores indicating a need for improved facilities and accommodations, while reliability scored highest, reflecting students' trust in the consistency and proficiency of lecturers. Although students were generally satisfied with the friendliness and politeness of TIA staff, responsiveness and empathy showed room for improvement, particularly in non-teaching staff's problem-solving abilities and the institute's handling of student inquiries and complaints. The study highlights the necessity for higher learning institutions to continually enhance service quality to meet students' expectations and maintain competitiveness in the academic sector. PubDate: 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8560 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Disa Islamey. N, Fauziah Eddyono Pages: 63 - 75 Abstract: Aims: This study aims to analyze the influence of visitors’ perception on attributes of attraction, amenities, and accessibility, and analyzes the visitors’ motivation for their decision to visit the Muara Takus Temple area in post COVID-19 pandemic. After confirming the relationship between dependent and independent variables, the next study analyzes the level of consumer interest based on visitor’s perceptions and motivations. Study Design: The study design utilized in this research uses explanatory methods with a quantitative approach. Consisting of two phases, the first phase analyzes the relationship between variables. The second phase analyzes the visitor perception map. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Muara Takus Temple Area, Riau Province, Indonesia for two months (April - June 2022). Methodology: This study utilizes survey research methods. The sampling technique applied is simple random sampling. The determination of the number of samples makes use of the Slovin formula. Based on the Slovin formula from a population of 43,805 people and a confidence level of 90%, a sample of 163 respondents was determined. Data processing utilizes multiple linear regression and analysis tests that use T-Test and F-Test. The next step is to analyze the perception map and test the analysis utilizing stress values. Results: The results of the study found that there was no influence of visitor motivation on the decision to visit the temple area but also partially visitor perceptions on the attributes of attraction, amenities, and accessibility influenced the decision to visit. In addition, the multidimensional analysis found that attributes of attractions are able to meet visitors’ expectations, but amenities and accessibility attributes have not been able to meet visitors’ expectations. The performance of attractions is able to meet visitors’ expectations but the performance of amenities and accessibility has not met visitors’ expectations; The difference between the two lies in their importance. Visitors attach great importance to meeting their needs on the attributes of amenity but not on the attributes of accessibility. Conclusion: In an effort to meet the needs of visitors to Muara Takus temple After the Covid-19 pandemic, innovation in policies is needed in an effort to improve amenities’ performance and consider innovating the policy to improve accessibility performance because afterall, visitors still need attributes of accessibility to reach the Muara Takus temple area. PubDate: 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8561 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Rweyendera Gosbert Ngonge Pages: 76 - 91 Abstract: Tanzania is currently shifting from content-based to competence-based curriculum implementation, aligning with modern-day and global demands. Despite extensive research on enhancing science teaching methods, some gaps in understanding how these innovations diffuse into practice. This study aimed at assessing the local conditions and contexts which supported the adoption of pedagogical content knowledge principles in teaching secondary school chemistry in Tanzania. The study focuses on introducing pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) principles into secondary school chemistry education. This study was conducted from June to December 2022. Three Ordinary level secondary school chemistry modules were developed and used to empower 15 in-service secondary school teachers from 15 secondary schools across 6 regions of mainland Tanzania. A mixed approach, incorporating case study and quasi-experimental designs, along with the use of an Online Community of Practice (CoP) and the Higher-Order Thinking with Inclusion and Equity (HOTIE) framework, was employed to gain a deeper understanding of the innovation transfer. Data were collected and analyzed based on Moore and Benbasat’s [1] framework. Findings indicated positive impact in voluntariness, relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, result demonstrability and visibility. However, findings revealed that inclusivity and equity issues were not sufficiently addressed. Participating teachers voluntarily engaged in the program and found the PCK approach compatible with their needs and experiences. The study concludes that the innovation holds promise for broader implementation, highlighting its potential scalability within Tanzania’s education system and elsewhere particularly in the developing countries. The study recommends more researches on use of PCK with inclusivity and equity. PubDate: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8562 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Edikan Anietie Effiong, Nse Emmanuel Akwang Pages: 92 - 107 Abstract: The study assessed information literacy indicators in relations to postgraduate students’ research productivity in public universities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational research design, with four (4) specific objectives and null hypotheses. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and thirty-seven (137) postgraduate students, comprising 89 Masters and forty-eight (48) PhD students from Akwa Ibom State University and University of Uyo, respectively. The total enumeration sampling technique was used for the study since population was quite manageable. A two (2) sets of self-developed questionnaire, validated with reliability indices of 0.80 and 0.78 for the independent and dependent variables, using Cronbach’s Alpha formula was used for the data collection. The data collection process yielded a response rate of 91% from 125 respondents who completed and returned the questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using inferential statistical tool of Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) to answer the research questions, while linear regression statistic was used to test the corresponding hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that there was a strong positive significant association between the ability to recognize information needs, ability to locate information resources, and ability to understand ethical issues of information by postgraduate students relating to research productivity in public universities studied. It also showed that the ability to evaluate information sources by postgraduate students had a weak association with research productivity in public universities studied. The study recommended, among other measures that postgraduate students should improve their interest in the acquisition of information literacy skills. Furthermore, management of public universities should provide adequate infrastructural facilities such as power supply and Internet connection in order to facilitate acquisition of information literacy skills by postgraduate students for enhanced research productivity. PubDate: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8563 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Carolina, I Wayan Wesna Astara, I Ketut Kasta Arya Wijaya Pages: 108 - 114 Abstract: Aims: This study examines the regulation of authority to use coastal land and waters for tourism purposes in improving community welfare. With the enactment of the Job Creation Law, it affects the existing legal order. Study Design: Researching The inconsistency of legal regulations. Methodology: This research uses normative legal research by using legal materials such as primary, secondary legal materials. Results: The results of this study found that it was concluded that the regulation of coastal land tenure and coastal area management by communities in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 27 of 2007 concerning the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands jo. Law Number 1 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 27 of 2007 concerning Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands and is inseparable from Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Basic Regulations Agrarian or known as Basic of Law Agrarian. As well as Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law.has caused many inconsistencies and disharmonies with related laws. Conclusion: There is a shift from decentralization to centralization. There are inconsistencies and disharmonies with the Job Creation Law with the Law on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands related to regulated authority. PubDate: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8564 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Cynthia Fofo Dsane, Lucy Effeh Attom, Anthony Bordoh, Isaac Eshun Pages: 115 - 134 Abstract: This study, employing a rigorous qualitative approach and case study design, investigated the common types of social media adolescents use in their socialisation process in Somanya in the Yilo Krobo Municipality in the Eastern Region of Ghana. The sample size was twenty adolescents selected through the convenience sampling technique. One-on-one interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to collect data. The significant findings from the study were that adolescents use social networking sites such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and Twitter. It recommends that parents socialise adolescents to conform to contemporary social interaction patterns to aid the proper use of social media. It was concluded that social media usage affects the socialisation of adolescent, thereby affecting their social behaviour. PubDate: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8565 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Gabriel M. Koboli, Coletha C. Ngirwa, Patrick Manyengo Pages: 135 - 145 Abstract: This study examined how curricula reforms address employability challenges among graduates in Tanzania. A mixed method approach was used and data was collected through questionnaires and interviews from 243 participants. The research found that curricula reforms significantly enhance employability skills of graduates. It also showed that curricula reforms deal with employability challenges by ensuring that education is relevant to the needs of the labour market, respond to 21st century demands and expectations, give relevant skills, and promote global competences. Thus, it was concluded that effective needs assessment is the basis for designing curricula reforms to align educational practices with the real job market requirements. Regular curricula reforms are recommended to ensure relevance and quality, adapting to changing demands and priorities of the nation and the labour market. The study suggests the establishment of a competence framework that ensures consistent alignment of education with relevant employability skills. PubDate: 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8566 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)
Authors:Tuoyo-Olulu; S. U., Oghounu, A. E. Pages: 146 - 165 Abstract: This study examined Covid-19 anxiety among students, teachers and compliance to prevention protocols in selected schools in Delta State. Ten null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a correlational research design. The sample size consisted of 381 students and 341 teachers, who were selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the instrument were established and adjudged to be adequate. The data obtained were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that there was a significant correlation between Covid-19 anxiety and adherence to preventive Handwash protocol among secondary school students and teachers; that there was a significant correlation between Covid-19 anxiety and adherence to preventive ocial distancing protocol among secondary school students and teachers; that there was a significant correlation between Covid-19 anxiety and adherence to preventive wearing of facemasks protocol among secondary school students and teachers; and that there was a significant correlation between Covid-19 anxiety and adherence to preventive self-isolations protocol among secondary school students and teachers. The study revealed that there was no significant moderating impact of sex on the relationship between Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive measures among secondary school students and students. The study recommended amongst others, that since compliance to preventive protocols was a product of high anxiety, it is recommended that in times of epidemic of this nature, the citizenry must be exposed to cases of infected patients through videos, jingles, film shows, television and social media so as to increase anxiety level and subsequent compliance. PubDate: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.9734/arjass/2024/v22i8567 Issue No:Vol. 22, No. 8 (2024)