Authors:Arvind Bhosale, Sanjay Patil, Vijay Dhepe, Kiran Banosde, Ravi Kakde, Rashtrapal Teltumade, Dheeraj Lengare Pages: 47 - 58 Abstract: In response to current strict laws aiming to reduce motor vehicle emissions, more and more research projects are being carried out in order to enhance the flow of automotive catalysts. There have been substantial efforts to further refine the SCR technology (selective catalytic reduction) for diesel-powered vehicles. Furthermore, only a little distance from the catalytic input between the exhaust system is available for a mobile SCR system. This therefore leads to an insufficient urea residence period, and evaporation and thermolysis at the catalyst entry cannot therefore be completed. This can lead to substantial secondary ammonia and isocyanic acid emissions. Therefore, fast thermolysis, effective ammonia blend with exhaust gas and reduction of ammonia slip are crucial factors for the deployment of SCR technology on cars. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is used for optimizing the exhaust gas flow inside the existing catalyst by changing intake cone designs which is intended to be used on Euro VI/Bharat Stage-VI emissions legislation compliant heavy-duty diesel engines in India. This study is divided in to two parts. The first part of the study deals with finding the optimized ammonia injector location, and in the second part, the proposed inlet cone design’s flow velocity uniformity index is estimated and compared with that of the existing SCR catalyst model. PubDate: 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.378 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Miraqa Hussain Khail, Khal Mohammad Ahmadzai Pages: 59 - 66 Abstract: Afghanistan is an agricultural country, where more than 80% of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihoods. The livestock sector contributes perhaps half of the licit agriculture’s contribution to the national GDP. Small-scale dairy farming is an important component of Afghanistan’s rural economy. Milk and dairy products are crucial for the daily food security and income generation of most Afghan households. Rural women play a significant role in agriculture production, but their contribution remains un-recognized by researchers and policymakers. This study intends to examine the role and extent of the participation of rural women in small-scale dairy farming. There are no data available for an objective understanding of the role played by women in the rural economy of Afghanistan. The data was obtained from a sample of 180 rural women using a random sampling technique through a dairy farm survey in the Mousahi district of Kabul, Afghanistan during August and September 2021. Descriptive statistical tools like frequency, average, and percentage were used for the analysis. The study concluded that rural women’s contribution is one of the most significant elements of the operation of small-scale dairy farming, and most dairy farming work, from fodder collection to feeding, watering, animal management, and health care, is conducted by women. PubDate: 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.379 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Ijaz Ali, Moin Uddin, Nabil Ahmed Mareai Senan, Saif Sami, Asif Baig, Rohit Garg, Asma Khatoon, Ashraf Imam, Imran Ahmad Khan Pages: 67 - 82 Abstract: This paper aims to quantify the degree of managerial discretion held by business managers and hospital directors in municipal hospitals in India through the concept of managerial discretion and to clarify the factors that inhibit managerial discretion. We conducted a questionnaire survey of municipal hospital managers. First, we ascertained the amount of discretion that municipal hospital managers have concerning various areas of management efficiency. Managers have a great deal of discretion in measures to increase and secure revenues, secure and train doctors and other medical staff, and reduce and control recurring medical expenses. Second, it became clear to what extent the discretion of municipal hospital managers is limited and by which factors. Many managers opined that legal constraints and the medical fee system had a significant impact. Third, there was no significant difference in managerial discretion between the partial and full application of the Local Public Enterprises Law. The multiple regression analysis with other disincentive factors and the presence of total application as explanatory variables, together with the overall size of discretion as the dependent variable, indicated that total application did not affect the overall level of discretion and that negative impacts from heads of department and internal office staff may be significant. PubDate: 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.390 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Ahmad Rusdi, Kenia Puruhita Nurasha, Mira Aliza Rachmawati, Li Yang, Pan Wangnan, Yuli Andriansyah Pages: 83 - 89 Abstract: In positive psychology, the study of happiness is more popular than that of serenity. Many studies have found connections between helping and happiness and between happiness and serenity. However, research that examines all three variables and how they relate in a model is limited. This study aims to develop models of helping, happiness, and serenity using students from Indonesia and China. A total of 103 Indonesian students and 104 Chinese students contributed to this research. The Helping Attitude Scale (HAS), Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Tatmainn al-Qulūb Scale (TQS), and Peace of Mind Scale (PoM) were used in this study. The results show that for Indonesian students, helping is a predictor of spiritual serenity but not of happiness. However, one aspect of helping, belief, can be a predictor of happiness. This model is confirmed using the CFI (0.97), GFI (0.97), and TLI (0.91) parameters. In contrast, for Chinese students, helping is a predictor of happiness but not of spiritual serenity. However, helping is a predictor of one component of spiritual serenity: confidence. This model is confirmed using the GFI (1) and AGFI (0.97) parameters. PubDate: 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.393 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Anggi Purnama Sari Dewi, Maulid M Iqbal, Yulindasari Sutejo, Ratna Dewi, Bimo Adhityia Pages: 90 - 100 Abstract: This research focuses on the study of a slope’s Factor of Safety (FOS) in the context of landslides. The slopes under study are located on the outer bend of a river and feature differences in groundwater levels on the slope and outside the slope. This research was conducted on Jalan Kol. Burlian STA 429+312 (case 1) and connecting road IV STA 194+420 (case 2) in OKU Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The analysis was carried out using the Slope/W program to obtain the FOS to discover the cause of the landslide. The results of the Slope/W program (Fellenius method) provided an initial condition FOS value for case study 1 of 1.70, and a FOS value after scouring of 1.12. For case study 2 the initial condition FOS value was 1.68, and after scouring 1.05. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the cause of the landslide is the occurrence of scouring and the presence of GWT. PubDate: 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.394 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Ya-Ping Hu, Ching-Min Lee Pages: 101 - 111 Abstract: The global international trade market is changeable and highly competitive. In order to discover the market competitiveness of trading companies, we develop a second-order research model to explore the impact of intellectual capital on a company’s performance through the intermediaries of knowledge management and business processes. The main purpose of this study is to discover the roles that knowledge management and business process capabilities play when companies introduce intellectual capital. We used a five-part questionnaire to conduct our research. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to analyze the research model, and we used PLS-SEM for data analysis. The analysis results show that the direct impact of intellectual capital on company performance is not significant (path coefficient is 0.08), and if a company only implements knowledge management it will have no significant effect on performance (path coefficient is 0.06). However, these two factors do have a significant impact on company performance through business process capability. Therefore, the results show that knowledge management and business processes mediate intellectual capital to affect a company’s performance and lead to the better identification of the successful elements of competitive export trade strategies in dynamic business environments. Moreover, the results also show that the factor loading of information capital (weight=0.63) in intellectual capital is much higher than the other aspects of intellectual capital. That is, companies must prioritize information capital when investing in intellectual capital. PubDate: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.396 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Alireza Bahrami, Markus Olsson, Karl Svensson Pages: 112 - 120 Abstract: Since the choice of material for the construction of single-family houses has a major impact on the buildings' total carbon dioxide emissions, this study examines the carbon dioxide emissions from various structural frame (frame) materials used for single-family houses in the Nordic countries. The analysed frame materials are wood, concrete, and steel as they are the most frequently chosen for single-family houses in these countries. To map the carbon dioxide emissions from the frame materials, a literature review of existing life cycle analyses of the materials is conducted. To present the results, a typical wall is employed for each material; the width and height of the walls are 1 m, while the depth varies for the different materials. The walls are designed to illustrate the results, which are reported in kg CO2/m3. Moreover, the study includes interviews with housing manufacturers to get the building industry's views on the choice of frame material with regard to carbon dioxide emissions. The results show that there are major differences in the carbon dioxide emissions from the three frame materials. The wooden, steel, and concrete frames emit 96 kg CO2/m3, 209 kg CO2/m3, and 602 kg CO2/m3, respectively. The results confirm that the wooden frame has the lowest carbon dioxide emissions, which makes it the most environmentally friendly frame in the Nordic countries when compared with the steel and concrete frames. PubDate: 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.414 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Dinar Syahid Nur Ulum, Abba Suganda Girsang Pages: 121 - 133 Abstract: Producing the best possible predictive result from long-short term memory (LSTM) requires hyperparameters to be tuned by a data scientist or researcher. A metaheuristic algorithm was used to optimize hyperparameter tuning and reduce the computational complexity to improve the manual process. Symbiotic organism search (SOS), which was introduced in 2014, is an algorithm that simulates the symbiotic interactions that organisms use to survive in an ecosystem. SOS offers an advantage over other metaheuristic algorithms in that it has fewer parameters, allowing it to avoid parameter determination errors and produce suboptimal solutions. SOS was used to optimize hyperparameter tuning in LSTM for stock prediction. The stock prices were time-series data, and LSTM has proven to be a popular method for time-series forecasting. This research employed the Indonesia composite index dataset and assessed it using root mean square error (RMSE) as a key indicator and the fitness function for the metaheuristic approach. Genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were used as benchmarking algorithms in this research. The hybrid SOS-LSTM model outperformed GA-LSTM and PSO-LSTM with an RMSE of 78.799, compared to the GA-LSTM model with an RMSE of 142.663 and the PSO-LSTM model with an RMSE of 529.170. PubDate: 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.415 Issue No:Vol. 5, No. 2 (2022)
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