Authors:Tamara K. Rostovskaya, Oksana V. Kuchmaeva, Ekaterina N. Vasilieva Pages: 267– - 267– Abstract: Amidst pressing global challenges and internal demographic threats, it is crucial to understand the institutional dynamics shaping the well-being of large families. This study delves into the intricate web of institutional factors that influence the prosperity of such families, examining key theoretical frameworks including institutional theory, human and social capital theories, and concepts of family. The empirical investigation draws upon extensive data sources, encompassing population censuses spanning five decades (1970–2020) and the comprehensive 2021 All-Russian sociological study Demograficheskoe samochuvstvie regionov Rossii [Demographic Well-Being of the Regions of Russia]. We conducted 22 in-depth interviews with members of large families across 10 regions. These interviews gave us a nuanced picture of the trends in family structure and the reasons behind reproductive decisions within these families. While institutional support is viewed as a “bonus” rather than a decisive factor in reproductive decisions, parents require various resources, including material, temporal, socio-psychological, informational, and educational resources, to develop necessary family and human capital skills. Furthermore, the study identifies the institutional conditions and resources crucial for bolstering the well-being of large families as well as the importance of effective family policies. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.274 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Vladimir N. Arkhangelskiy, Svetlana Yu. Sivoplyasova, Evgeniya M. Moiseeva Pages: 291– - 291– Abstract: The research examines fertility patterns in Russia by using current calendar birth rates and their implications for actual generations. Birth rates for these generations are derived from the 2020 Census data and are further refined through calculations employing one-year age-specific rates. This methodology allows us to estimate parameters for age-specific fertility models in real generations, offering a different approach compared to traditional population census methods. Given the variance in fertility rates by birth order, the analysis favors a segmented approach, separately considering trends for first, second, third, and subsequent births. Factors influencing fertility are examined both statistically, with a focus on the impact of population age–sex structure transformations on overall fertility rates, and through insights from Vyborochnoe nabliudenie reproduktivnykh planov naseleniia [Sample Observation of Population Reproductive Plans] performed by Rosstat [Federal State Statistics Service] in 2022. Value orientations are the primary determinant in reproductive behavior, which means that a key goal of demographic policy is to influence these orientations. However, it is also possible to influence fertility rates through social and demographic policies creating favorable conditions for families to fulfill their desire for children. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.275 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Elmira K. Naberushkina, Olga E. Fomina, Anna D. Levshits, Ekaterina A. Knyazkova Pages: 313– - 313– Abstract: Like any other family, families with disabled children have their share of joys and sorrows. However, social attitudes and prejudices towards disabilities often pose more significant challenges than the child’s condition itself. Discrimination against mothers raising disabled children comes to the fore in social interactions, where the child’s disability can unfairly define the mother, subjecting her to stigmatization. The ability of parents, particularly mothers, to mobilize resources is crucial for the family’s well-being, as they often bear the primary responsibility for child care. In Russia, one in three disabled children is raised by only one parent. Social services for families with disabled children are evolving in response to families’ needs, but there is currently no unified system to verify their effectiveness. Our study was conducted in 2024 in Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod Oblasts and explored socio-psychological distress in families with disabled children. Through semi-structured interviews with 98 women whose children attend social rehabilitation institutions, we gained insights into mothers’ experiences, including their life satisfaction, access to state and social support, as well as daily stigmatization. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by women raising disabled children, highlighting areas of social disadvantage and stigma in provincial contexts. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.276 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Anna P. Bagirova, Natalia D. Blednova, Aleksandr V. Neshataev Pages: 334– - 334– Abstract: There is an established system of parental leave in Russia. According to the legislation, parental leave can be used not only by the mother, but also by the father or other relative of the child. Nevertheless, men rarely use this right; according to statistics, only 2% of Russian fathers go on parental leave instead of their spouse. The paper seeks to identify the underlying causes of this situation. To study the problem, we conducted a series of in-depth semi-formal interviews with mothers and fathers whose families were eligible for parental leave at the time of the study (n = 30). We have identified the perception of this stage of family life by both parents (as a “leave-work” or “leave-vacation”), the reasons for fathers’ refusal to actively engage in the situation, including the likelihood of mothers’ unwillingness to let fathers be involved. The reasons are classified into objective and subjective. Gender stereotypes are revealed from two positions: female and male. The results of the study indicate the need to transform the current system of parental leave in Russia and purposefully work with public opinion in this area. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.277 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Alla E. Ivanova, Victoria G. Semyonova, Tamara P. Sabgayda, Elena V. Polyanskaya Pages: 351– - 351– Abstract: An immense territory of Russia with several climatic zones and, accordingly, a fundamentally different styles of life, inevitably results in pronounced varieties in the levels and structure of mortality across the regions of the country. Since the scale and sustainability of differences in mortality in Russia can be considered an entire epidemiological epoch, the evaluation of them through the lens of epidemiological transition seems methodologically appropriate. Regional differences are regarded as a kind of projection of evolution in time, though taking into account modern realities. The analysis of regional differences in mortality is based on such indicators as life expectancy, structure of mortality, i.e., predominantly endogenous to exogenous causes of death ratio, as well as the average age of death from predominantly endogenous causes calculated on the basis of life tables by cause of death. The study showed that according to the periodization of epidemiological transition only Moscow and St. Petersburg are at the final phase of the 3rd stage and are moving to the 4th stage of epidemiological development. Meanwhile, the burden of exogenous and preventable pathologies precludes the completion of the 3rd stage in the regions with high life expectancy according to Russian criteria. The stadial nature of epidemiologic development of Russian regions is currently conditioned by socio-economic and medical determinants, with more pressing medical determinants in regions with high and medium levels of life expectancy and socio-economic factors prevailing in regions with low life expectancy. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.278 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Galina I. Osadchaya, Tatyana N. Yudina, Olga A. Volkova, Egor Yu. Kireev Pages: 375– - 375– Abstract: The relevance of this study lies in the fact that it addresses the lack of empirical data needed for evidence-informed policy-making in the social, economic, and demographic realms in Moscow and the Moscow Oblast. It aims to explore migrants’ emotional and evaluative attitudes toward their social reality, their role in it, and the unique demographic factors influencing their behavior. Specifically, the article seeks to characterize migrants’ social well-being, identify factors detrimental to well-being, and outline conditions that facilitate trust, cooperation, and respect among individuals. The ultimate goal is to enhance socio-demographic well-being, unlocking migrants’ full potential not only for socio-economic and demographic development in the Moscow agglomeration and society but also to help them achieve personal goals. The findings are based on a survey conducted in February–March 2023 in Moscow and Moscow Oblast, involving 766 migrants from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. The article analyzes how the problem of well-being is discussed in contemporary academic literature, refines the definition of the key concept, and substantiates the factors influencing the formation of migrants’ social well-being and their demographic attitudes. The article provides an evaluation of the demographic situation in the Moscow agglomeration, along with some insights into the social well-being of migrants and their demographic attitudes. It also identifies problematic areas that pose challenges to the successful social adaptation of migrants. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.279 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Oksana V. Golovashina Pages: 399– - 399– Abstract: The article examines how law enforcement sanctions, typically applied to real-life actions, are being transferred to online activities. Building on François Hartog’s ideas, the study links memorial legislation to a new “regime of historicity,” highlighting its unique role in commemoration. By examining relevant laws and media discussions, the study follows the evolution of memorial legislation, demonstrating its importance in commemorating the Great Patriotic War in post-Soviet symbolic politics. Analysis of the amendments to Article 354.1 of Russia’s Criminal Code from its original formulation in 2014 to the revisions in 2021 reveals the shifting legal landscape surrounding online commemorative practices. As virtual spaces are gaining prominence in public discourse and legal interpretations, the boundaries between online activities and real-world actions are becoming increasingly blurred. The key trends in this process include the growing reliance on virtual platforms for information dissemination, the evolving notion of publicity in legal contexts pertaining to online behavior, and the broadening enforcement of Article 354.1. This research sheds light on the intricate interplay between memory politics, virtual spaces, and legal frameworks, reflecting broader societal shifts in information consumption and expression. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.280 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Kseniya S. Grigor'eva Pages: 418– - 418– Abstract: For over 20 years, there has been an ongoing debate about what is primary in the process of securitization—discourses or practices. Traditional research on securitization tends to analyze discourses and practices separately, which can be seen even in studies that attempt to combine these two approaches. In this context, the concept “discourses” refers to a wide range of public political statements, while the concept “practices” mainly refers to the strategies of security professionals. I argue that, in order to gain a better understanding of securitization processes, the research focus should be narrowed to first-order securitizing performatives and the related securitizing practices. This approach will highlight political statements that can genuinely alter social reality, bridge the gap between discourses and practices, facilitate the analysis of institutional mechanisms of securitization, and help obtain much new relevant empirical material. The potential benefits of the proposed approach are illustrated through the analysis of two cases: the Italian case and the Russian case. For the Italian case, the analysis includes declarations of states of emergency related to the exacerbation of the “nomad issue.” For the Russian case, it examines legal acts stipulating the official recognition of migrants as prone to terrorism. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.281 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Nazym Baskynbayeva, Aliya Massalimova, Aliya Omirbekova, Aizhan Kuderina, Zharkynbek Abikenov Pages: 443– - 443– Abstract: The purpose of the study is to assess the transformation of women’s image in the modern media space of Kazakhstan. Using a mixed research approach, including a literature review, analysis of advertising materials, and expert surveys, the authors determine the role of the media in shaping the image of women. The results demonstrate that despite the growing trend towards diversity in women’s roles, traditional stereotypes persist, especially in the context of traditional gender roles. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing gender inequalities in different sectors, including politics, business, and public participation. The gradual transformation of women’s roles reflects social shifts influenced by globalization, feminism, and technological advances. The study underscores the need for further efforts to combat gender stereotypes and promote diverse portrayals of women in mass media. Despite the progress achieved, continued research, political measures, and initiatives to promote media literacy are needed to create a media landscape that would foster gender equality and expand the rights and opportunities of women in all spheres of social life. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.282 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Muhammad Zulfi Al'Ghani, Budijanto Budijanto, Sumarmi Sumarmi, Singgih Susilo Pages: 465– - 465– Abstract: Fertility is a primary determinant of population growth rate. Theoretically, child marriage families have a higher chance of fertility. Accordingly, this study aims to comprehend the interpretation of fertility among the family from child marriage. The interpretation of fertility was observed in depth using phenomenology (causal motives) through data collection and analysis. The research participants were married women who had children or were 16 years old or younger and did not yet have a child. The analysis results indicate that child marriage families interpret fertility as a burden, marriage reinforcement, and investment. The families from child marriage are motivated to have fewer children and space them out in terms of age. It is important to note that no child-free doctrine was discovered, as it goes against Islamic principles. Additionally, having children is believed to improve marital relations within the child marriage community on Bawean Island. Children are often viewed as an economic investment and a guarantee for future parental care. Child marriage on Bawean Island did not have a discernible impact on the population growth rate. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.283 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Hasan Sadık Tatlı, Gökten Öngel, Murat Süslü Pages: 491– - 491– Abstract: Researchers have focused on the dark side of managers in recent years, wherein studies discuss the effects of abusive supervision styles on employees and organizations. This research aims to elucidate the influence of abusive supervision on innovative work behaviors of new and former employees. The study focuses on two different employee characteristics. The first group includes the employees with a two-year or less tenure. The second group includes employees with a five-year or more tenure. A simple random sampling technique is used to determine the sample. The research sample includes 345 employees in a manufacturing firm in Istanbul, Turkey. According to regression analysis results, abusive supervision negatively affects innovative work behavior. In addition, abusive supervision affects the innovative work behaviors of new employees more than those of former employees. The findings are consistent with the social exchange theory, conservation of resources theory, and power approach. The research findings are important in demonstrating how destructive abusive supervision affects new employees. In conclusion, suggestions are presented for companies, managers, and researchers. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.284 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Anna A. Kartasheva, Marya A. Trubina Pages: 508– - 508– Abstract: The symbiosis of blockchain technology with human creativity has given rise to what we now call crypto art, marking a new frontier in digital artistic expression. This development has profoundly altered our understanding of digital artifacts and ownership in this domain. Once easily accessible to all, digital art poses a unique challenge in the realm of collecting: how does one collect something that can be effortlessly replicated and shared' This paper explores the role of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as authentication mechanisms and proof of authorship for digital artworks. Initially designed for decentralized financial transactions, blockchain technology has become instrumental in validating authorship and enabling the monetization of digital artworks through NFTs. Although digital artists now benefit from the validation of their work as legitimate investment assets through NFT technology, challenges persist due to the absence of copyright verification during token creation. For example, many artists have discovered their creations being used by third parties to mint tokens without their consent. The study demonstrates the transformative impact of NFTs on the digital art landscape while addressing the ongoing challenges and the imperative for enhanced copyright protection mechanisms. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.285 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
Authors:Sajjad Gheytasi, Ali Salami Pages: 526– - 526– Abstract: This study aims to examine the transformative power of literature in challenging prevailing social norms and reshaping perspectives on migration, alterity, and cultural marginalization. Focusing on the novels Once in a Promised Land by Layla Halaby, The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri, and Exit West by Mohsin Hamid, the analysis examines the representation of the individual Other, challenging stereotypes, and highlighting the characters’ personal and political traumas. The concept of nowhereness, which stands for the emotional and psychological state of migrants moving in unfamiliar cities, is explored, highlighting the paradoxical experience of simultaneous death and rebirth. The characters in these novels are in a deep state of emptiness, serving as “citizens in waiting and deportees in waiting.” Their experiences in the liminal space of waiting are closely intertwined, creating a shared temporal landscape that enriches the exploration of the complexity of migrants. In this regard, the authors challenge the conventional tactics of silencing voices and concealing images to transform the harrowing ordeals of the Other into a powerful means of social introspection. The authors engage with Western hegemony and imperialism, seeking to inspire understanding and admiration for subaltern cultures that are marginalized by the Western world. PubDate: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.2.286 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2024)
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