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Authors:Victor Ojakorotu Abstract: The world is in transition, sub-national and national governments, sub-regional and regional organizations continue to position and re-position to maximize the changes and dynamics of events that shape global affairs. Attempts have been made to articulate these phenomena in ways that they can be identify, so that the measures at either curbing or achieving them can be evolved both in isolation and partnership at the national, regional and global levels respectively. These underscore the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) escalated to the Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs) and the insights from the World Economic Forum (WEF) with regard to the revolution in information communications technologies. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Nompumelelo P. Dlamini; Toyin C. Adetiba, Andrew O. Enaifoghe Victor H. Mlambo Abstract: South Africa’s global image has been dented on the continent, mainly because of the frequent attacks on African nationals, which has not only portrayed South Africa as an intolerant country which does not like anything associated with the black skin but as an Afrophobic country. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present an argument that South Africa has an Afrophobic rather than a xenophobic problem. To achieve this, the study employed a documentary content analysis research method; where a systematic review of literature relating to Afrophobia in South Africa was collected and examined. The findings showed that the South African government has failed to put an end to the constant attacks on black African nationals in the republic, which has strained its relationship with African states. Moreover, the political rhetoric by politicians and the porous nature of South Africa's borders are other contributing factors to the Afrophobic problem in the country. The study concluded that public education is key to reducing Afrophobia, through public lectures and seminars to discuss the negative implications of Afrophobia for South Africa's developmental objectives. Furthermore, law enforcement agencies should enforce the full might of law on those found to be perpetuating Afrophobic sentiments. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Chinaza Uleanya Abstract: This paper explored the concept “Ubuntu” in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). Relevant literatures on Ubuntu as well as the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) were reviewed. The extant literatures show that Ubuntu, which is used to represent brotherhood as it concerns the African society, suggests the oneness that African nations have always had with one another. However, the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and the way technological gadgets are being embraced across the globe suggests that Africans are already losing the unity which they took time and effort to build. This spans from families, communities, nations and the continent at large. In this regard, technological gadgets, which are supposed to be enabling devices for enhancing human endeavours towards higher productivity, tend to serve as a double edged sword; serving enabling devices on one end, and aiding the weakening of social ties and roots, on the other end. This study recommends that Africans hold on to the spirit of Ubuntu and allow technological gadgets serve as devices that unify people. Hence, there will be a need to remove technological gadgets where possible and necessary in order for people to interact with one another face-to-face first, before involving those who are far away through the use of technological gadgets. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Pandelani Harry Munzhedzi Abstract: The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (hereafter referred to as the 1996 Constitution) provisions that municipalities in the country must advocate for the participation of local communities and community-based organisations. The participation of these communities is supplemented by multiplicity of actors who play pivotal role, during the development and the implementation of the integrated development plans (IDPs). The effectiveness of the participation process has a positive and negative effect in the municipalities, depending on the level of efficacy of the participation of the various actors. It is for this reason that this article, which is empirical in nature seeks to analyse the efficacy of the participation of diverse actors in the municipal planning and implementation processes for municipalities in the Limpopo province. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from provincial and municipal officials as well as local community members. The literature review complemented by empirical data exhibits that there is uneven access to the integrated development planning processes and inequalities amongst participants. The lack of skills capacities by the councillors and ultimately of the municipal councils contribute negatively to their insufficient role in the integrated development planning and implementation processes. The article recommends that stakeholders including local media must consistently report all anomalies within respective municipalities, such as failure to follow due processes, weak appointments of officials and members of the mayoral committees, as well as non-compliance with statutes. Methods of engaging local stakeholders should be extended to the use of technologies including social media. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Grace M. Muremela; Azwidohwi P. Kutame, Ingrid S. Kapueja Kehinde C. Lawrence Abstract: This study explored the challenges of retaining qualified but scarce subject teachers such as mathematics and physical sciences teachers in rural secondary schools from the lens of education stakeholders in Mutale district, Limpopo. Given the importance of education to individual and national development, particularly in meeting technology needs, knowledge of mathematics and the physical sciences are indispensable. Stemming from this concern, a qualitative research design using a case study approach was adopted to explore the views of 10 sampled stakeholders—one circuit manager, three principals and six teachers—in three randomly selected rural secondary schools. An unstructured face-to-face interviews was conducted to collect data on which a thematic analysis was carried out. The findings showed that there is a shortage in the supply of qualified mathematics and science teachers. The lack of social and physical infrastructures, a functional transportation system, poverty-induced learner absenteeism, and temporary employment of the few qualified teachers available were the major challenges to retaining qualified teachers in the rural schools in Mutale district, Limpopo. Pertinent suggestions were made, which include National Students Financial Aids Scheme (NSFAS) increment for mathematics and physical science education pre-service teachers in the university and teachers training institutions. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Michael I. Ugwueze; Ikpechukwuka E. Ibenekwu, Chigozie I. Okonkwo, I.E. Iwundu Vincent C. Onah Abstract: In the last five decades, secessionist agitations from Biafran groups have continued to endure despite the Nigerian government’s efforts to stop them. There is a growing literature blaming these agitations on the Igbos’ hatred of Nigeria, but not much of such scholarly works have examined the link between economic deprivation and continued Biafra secessionist calls. Using the ordeal that characterizes the experience of the Igbo in the Nigerian economy and a mixed-method approach comprising of unstructured informal, group and phone interviews as well as data obtained from secondary literature, the article argues that Biafra secessionism persists and enjoys local support because of economic deprivation. The article theorizes the drive towards political inclusion, survival against holocaust and the desire for economic integration as important drivers of secessionism and therefore concludes that blockade of economic opportunities is central to Biafra secessionist agitations and not the desire to dismember Nigeria as often presented in literature. The implication is that until the Nigerian state evolves a robust mechanism for addressing economic and political injustices inherent in its system, secessionist agitations will likely persist. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Innocent Nuwagaba; MT. Lukamba Abstract: This study extrapolated the quality of the execution of election projects in Africa by analyzing electoral governance in Mukono municipality, Uganda. A number of election projects have been successfully executed in Uganda but the quality of the executions have always been wanting. This study was guided by the social choice theory and it employed a cross-section research design with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Using simple random sampling and purposive sampling, questionnaires were administered to a sample size of 60 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides, and then analysed. The findings revealed that citizen participation, electoral accountability and electoral laws have a positive significant influence on the quality of the executed election projects. It was therefore concluded that electoral governance positively influences the quality of the executed election project in Mukono municipality and, as a result, the researcher recommended that the EC should maintain a high level of transparency and impartiality, enforce electoral laws in a non-partisan way, citizens should be involved at all levels of the election project implementation process without prejudice, and the sensitization should be done continuously and not only during election periods. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Ngozi Okpara Abstract: This paper examines ethical similarities shared by Jürgen Habermas and Chinua Achebe’s respective conceptions of the public sphere. It juxtaposes the ethical discourse in Habermas and Achebe’s public sphere with the discourse on the floor of the Nigerian National Assembly between 2015 and 2017. The paper adopted triangulation as its research method by complementing elements of qualitative research design with the quantitative. Using Habermas’ theory of communicative action as its theoretical foundation, the study found that the Nigerian National Assembly operated as a group of individuals in the public sphere that impose policies and laws that emerge from their private interests on the masses. It concludes that political communication in the National Assembly is unethical as it violates the recommendations of both Habermas and Achebe’s conceptions of the public sphere as an open space for democratic dialogue. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Moraka Arthur Shopola; Ricky Munyaradzi Mukonza Abstract: Like in other South African district municipalities, the practice of Intergovernmental Relations (IGR) in Mopani District Municipality (MDM) is problematic. Lack of cooperation between municipalities is blameable for poor communication within district IGR structures in MDM. The main aim of this article is to ascertain the nature of IGR in MDM. To realise this aim, the following questions were asked: what is the nature of IGR in MDM' In addition, what are the main factors contributing to poor communications between municipalities MDM' In examining these questions, a qualitative research methodology was employed whereby triangulation of key informant interviews and documentary search was applied in collecting data. Towards the end, possible solutions for improved IGR in MDM are recommended. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Tokunbo Alex Adaja; Felix Olajide Talabi Benjamin Ogundeji Abstract: A natural disaster is inimical to human existence. As a result of natural disasters, humongous damages had been done both to human and natural resources across the globe. Though there are studies on natural disasters, none of them discuss newspaper reportage of the frequency of natural disaster vis-à-vis the nature of natural disaster. Hence, the need to conduct an empirical study on press reportage of natural disasters in Nigeria since the mass media is key to sensitising stakeholders on the desirability of preserving and sustaining natural and environmental resources. The study was anchored on the agenda-setting theory and adopted a content analysis method. The samples are was two Nigerian newspapers, The Punch and The Nation, which were randomly selected. The study revealed a high frequency of reportage on natural disasters. Out of the 293 editions studied, there were 256 stories on natural disasters. Also, the newspapers gave prominence to natural disaster stories as 18% of the stories appeared on the front page. The study recommended that Nigerian newspapers should do more editorials and feature stories on issues of national importance like natural disasters so as to sufficiently educate the citizenry on the prevention and management of natural disasters. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Itumeleng Mekoa Abstract: Many countries in the world have for a long time grappled with the problem of reconciling national unity with cultural diversity. This problem arises out of a multiplicity of situations: (1) continuing ethnic, linguistic or cultural minorities; (2) marked regional claims to autonomy or cultural identity; (3) the influx of migrants of heterogeneous cultural backgrounds; and (4) socio-economic conflicts arising out of unemployment or other socio-economic illness and differences of age-group, gender, race and class (Cross:1992). Another factor is what Halls describes as ‘gigantism’: Countries, like much modern architecture, suffer from ‘gigantism’: psychologically, ordinary people feel unable to identify with large entities, supranational or national. ‘Small’ is not only ‘beautiful’, but comprehensible (Halls, 1983). In many cases, these situations can lead to social conflict or cultural clashes between majority and minority groups, and the assertion by minorities of a will to preserve a separate cultural identity. Under apartheid, South African education was divided into 19 education departments, all of which were either racially or ethnically defined (Kallaway:1986). The post-apartheid government since 1994 has grappled with the challenge of national unity and diversity in education, for an educational policy aimed at bringing about national unity, democracy, non-racialism and non-sexism and capable of redressing the historical imbalances imposed by the apartheid system in South Africa' In the democratic dispensation, the development of a national education system necessitated fundamental change to existing educational policies and practices. The purpose of this article is to examine policy options to address the issues of national unity and cultural diversity in education in South Africa. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Happy Mathew Tirivangasi; Louis Nyahunda Abstract: South Africa has been battling recurrent xenophobic attacks since the attainment of democratic rule in 1994, with major incidences in 2008, 2015 and 2017. This study examined the efficiency of the strategies for preventing xenophobia in post-apartheid South Africa. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) was conducted on newspaper excerpts from South African tabloids (2015-2017), journal articles on xenophobia, and reports on xenophobic attacks. The results from the data revealed the following strategies: policy strategies, intergovernmental strategies, citizenship empowerment and educational strategies, state-civil society engagement, and technical and media-related strategies. This study developed a qualitative index to measure the efficiency of these strategies, and found three limitations: lack of sustainability, failure to address the root cause, and denial of the existence of xenophobia. In conclusion, the study revealed that there is a need to set long-term and sustainable strategies to prevent future xenophobic attacks in South Africa. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Lester Brian Shawa; Shauna Mottiar Abstract: The notion of ‘development effectiveness’ born of aid effectiveness discourses, has become topical in international development. This paper examines how Non-Governmental Development Organisations (NGDOs) in South Africa are organised to contribute to ‘development effectiveness’. Drawing from the Theory of Change and Coordination Theory, it considers how selected NGDOs in KwaZulu-Natal province understand ‘development effectiveness’, how they are internally organised to contribute to such effectiveness, and whether they coordinate efforts in their development work. The sample covered five NGDOs with a legal status of Social Development. In-depth interviews were conducted with three to four staff members at each NGDO. Each organisation’s strategic plans, web reports and annual reports were analysed and observation exercises were carried out through attendance of their events and meetings, including meetings with beneficiaries and collaborators. The results show that the participant NGDOs did not draw from international definitions of ‘development effectiveness’ but crafted their own understandings of this process in response to their context. They were internally organised to contribute to ‘development effectiveness’, and had mixed experiences of collaboration with other NGDOs. However, they largely lacked the ability to challenge the status quo (hegemony) and to organise for systemic change. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Herbert Zirima; Venencia Paidamoyo Nyambuya Kemist Shumba Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted most countries globally, including Zimbabwe. The government of Zimbabwe instituted several strategies to contain the spread of COVID-19. This study explored the challenges and opportunities that emanated from the strategies that were adopted. It focused on how the generality of Zimbabwean citizens responded to the government’s COVID-19 response and the opportunities arising from the various interventions. We adopted a qualitative approach to analyse thirty-four (n=34) tweets responding to government strategies to contain the spread of COVID-19. The study found a lack of confidence in the mechanisms devised by the government, considering the socio-economic context of hyper-inflation and a severely incapacitated public health system. The dominant sentiment pointed to a lax in the response by the government, jeorpardising chances of containing the pandemic. Most people argued that more resources should have been allocated towards fighting COVID-19. The radical decision to declare a 21-day lockdown was received with mixed feelings. Most people criticised the lockdown for failing to consider the status-quo where majority of Zimbabweans survive from hand to mouth due to the informal nature of the economy. However, some people acknowledged the merit of putting the country in lockdown mode. The tweets re-iterated the need to forge strong and well-coordinated public-private partnerships to generate the muchneeded resources to fight COVID-19, given that substantial financial and material support was availed to the government through individuals and the private sector. Future studies should explore socio-economic implications of the lockdown on Zimbabweans. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Bessie M. Mogoro; Kola O. Odeku Abstract: Cannabis is one of the widely used psychoactive substances in the world. It is used for different reasons ranging from recreational, personal, religious, cultural, medical and social reasons. While some countries still criminalise the use of cannabis, others have decriminalised it. South Africa is one the countries that recently decriminalised it where the Court pronounced legal protection for the personal cultivation, possession and use of cannabis. Even though the Court has given legal protection for the use of cannabis, this paper posits that it was not a blanket protection as there are still some limitations imposed on the use, possession and cultivation of cannabis. In addition, trading of cannabis is still prohibited. The paper looks at the prohibitions imposed by the laws during and after colonial and apartheid regimes, and also looks at the benefits of cannabis in contrast to their negative effects. The Court allowed the cultivation and consumption of cannabis in a private setting but not in the public space. Over and above, in order to remove all restrictions, the paper proactively makes suggestions for the amendment of legislation governing the cultivation and use of cannabis. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Isaac Friday Emmanuel; Sunday Olawale Olaniran Abstract: Every nation adopts a political system that best suits its nature and context. Most heterogeneous states, including Nigeria, adopt federalism as a system of government. This system allows for the division of power and jurisdiction between the levels of government that make up the federation. Over time, it has been observed that Nigeria’s federalism is confronted with many issues that have triggered agitations and patriotic calls for a true practice of federalism by its citizenry. This study is aimed at highlighting the inherent flaws in the Nigerian federal system. Data were generated from official publications, reputable journals, newspapers, conference papers, and internet sources. These sources were augmented with direct observations from the practice of federalism in Nigeria. The content analysis method was used to analyse the data. The findings show that Nigeria is run on a single constitution, making the other tiers of government over-dependent on the federal government. These situations are contrary to what applies in true federalism. This paper recommends that Nigeria should have just two tiers of government: federal and state governments, each having a separate constitution. The federating units should control all the resources within their borders. PubDate: 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Victor Ojakorotu Abstract: It is very much in order to set-out my editorial commentary of this African Renaissance publication Volume 17, Number 2, June 2020, by wishing all and sundry well in this COVID-19 pandemic times. True, coronavirus may have come to stay- as is being touted by political leaders globally – but its probable hardship to human conditions could not weigh us down not to see that this edition of the African Renaissance go public. Besides, this coronavirus epoch also present some measure of scholarly boost as an element of intellectual propensity which will greatly help to further the aims and objectives of the African Renaissance journal. What do I mean' The precarious developmental level Africa found herself before the outbreak of the virus called for serious and plentiful scholarly engagements across all fields of study to rebirth the continent in its development strides. How much more then under a COVID-19 pandemic era that has assumed the euphemism for radical social life style changes and mass deaths typical in war, drought and starvation periods. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:George Chimdi Mbara; Nirmala Gopal, Nwabufo Okeke Uzodike Mtshali Khondlo Abstract: Since the creation of the United Nations Organisation in 1945, the membership and structure of the UN Security Council has been one of the most contentious and recurring questions debated by UN member-states. Following the recommendations of the UN High Level Panel on “Threats, Challenges and Change” (A/59/565) that countries who have contributed the most to the UN accessed budget, military, and diplomacy should be considered for a permanent place in the Council, Nigeria has expressed her intention to occupy one of the proposed permanent seats. However, the significance of this position and the power that goes with it remains a stumbling block for most of its citizens who feel alienated and distant from the government’s policies and programmes. This study seeks to underscore the value of this position through the lens of realpolitik. The realist approach enunciated by Henry Kissinger, which is hinged on the following premise: States use their national power to protect national values and ensure their national interest; empowering the citizens in the international system so as to enhance the nation’s image and legitimacy should serve as a guide to rationalising Nigeria’s bid to occupy one of the proposed permanent positions. Essentially, this quest is predicated on the realist theory, which correlates the bid to the welfare of Nigerian citizens. The link between foreign policy and the citizens’ welfare is very significant as the country shifts from the Afro-centric foreign policy to a more “Citizen-centred Diplomacy”. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Daniel Chigudu Abstract: There have been many insurgencies organized in Africa and more pronounced in Nigeria for instance, Boko Haram. For over nine years now, narratives and attempts to control the crisis have been made without total containment. The Global Terrorism Index classified Boko Haram in 2014, as the most ferocious terrorist group in the world. This study explored current tactics, practices of the Boko- Haram sect, and prevailing responses to end Boko-Haram insurgency. It employed qualitative research using secondary data from experts analyzed through content analysis. The study revealed that the dynamic practices and tactics of the insurgency group and efforts of coercive counterterrorism, de-radicalization measures are necessary but not exhaustive in the light of human rights concerns. There is need for nuanced non-coercive strategies predicated on socioeconomic development, good governance, and sustainable livelihood. It is concluded that more efforts of dealing with extremist organizations should now focus on non-coercive and soft approaches such as education and training, negotiation and mediation, research, support, dialogue and reintegration. Even though there has been a split expectedly weakening Boko Haram operations, it is recommended that some inclusive and equitable policies decisively addressing core causes of the uprising be crafted and applied. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Sogo Angel Olofinbiyi; Shanta Balgobind Singh Abstract: Youth pervasive degeneration into terrorism has been contested to be one of the adverse consequences of bad governance that accompanied Nigeria’s return to democratic government in May 1999. Since the advent of democracy in Nigeria, the socio-political system has suffered considerably from variants of terrorist stronghold of dynamic phenomenon, which pose on daily basis, threats and persistent societal challenges to the peace and stability of the nation. Among these strongholds, Boko Haram rose to be the deadliest calamity of apocalyptic proportion in Nigeria. Drawing insights from Agnew’s General Strain Theory, the Nigerian youths are living in frustration emanating from poor democratic governance and the long-lasting aftermath of a combination of years of corruption and mismanagement that have characterized the historical development of the Nigerian state. The study sees the foregoing factors as the most important vehicle of youth recruitment into terrorism. With Boko Haram’s persistent reign in vogue, the study recommends stringent measures that will mitigate the continued trends of bad governance in Nigeria. Addressing the predisposing factors that render the northern youths vulnerable to the terrorist recruitment should be of government’s topmost priority in the traumatized region. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Samson Adeoluwa Adewumi; Logan D. Naidoo Abstract: Commenting on the changing global order ushered in by globalization, two shades of debates on how the world of work is affected has continued to evolve. The early debates advance justifications for the abolishment of restrictions for improved shared common interest in terms of economic, political, social and cultural advancement, and most importantly ease in work execution and other production processes. However, the latter school of thoughts have chronicled the devastating effects of globalization for the world of work. This lends credence to the contention that globalization possess twin narrative to the world of work. In view of these arguments, this paper, through empirical explanation, interrogates the rising influence of globalization with a focus to juxtapose the progress or retrogression of globalization to work in the Nigerian manufacturing industry of Lagos State. Previous studies on this topic exemplify a great departure by largely focusing on theoretical explanations. The Global Capitalism Theory as a theoretical leaning anchored the study. A total of 15 trade union leaders were chosen for semi-structured interview through convenience and purposive samplings. Two divergent views of analyses were uncovered. Findings revealed that globalization has increase global interconnectedness among industries, ascending competitiveness and jobs for high skilled workers and the expansion of the frontiers of job execution. On the other, findings show a fast dehumanization of work and extreme job loss with the increase tide of globalization. The analysis takes the position that for the world of work to survive this epoch of globalization, organizations must devise and harness strategies to avoid being capsized by the winds of globalization. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Enaifoghe Osehi Andrew Abstract: South Africa’s effort to control immigration in the country has not only undermined policy on migration but continue to shape its politics, economy as well as the entire society in the global system. Despite the need for improved policy responses to human mobility, reform is hindered by lack of capacity, misinformation, and anti-migrant sentiments within and outside of government. This article outlines the trends and pressures by providing an overview of the limited demographic and socio-economic data available on migration. Doing so, highlights the spatialized aspects of human mobility, trends centered on and around the country’s socio-economic benefits. It finds significant development potential in international migrants’ skills and entrepreneurialism. Despite these potential benefits, there are severe impediments to migration. These include a renewed South African populism; the influence of a strong anti-trafficking lobby; promoting stricter border controls; poor implementation capacity; and endemic corruption among police and immigration officials. Data was primarily collected through secondary sources. Findings show that the frameworks governing migration, including public perceptions, migration is not an inherent drain on public budgets. Migration theory finds that immigrants actually contribute to nation’s development, through financing of public organization and infrastructures. This article recommends to South Africa to create a comprehensive and strategic partnership agreement with foreign countries with the implementation of e-visa for skilled migrants to enhance growth and development. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Daniel Adeoluwa Adeniyi; Mulugeta F. Dinbabo Abstract: Owing to its contribution to employment and non-oil revenue, agriculture remains a mainstay of Nigeria’s economy. The study attempts a contextualisation of agricultural development and its relationship with poverty and food security in Nigeria. The methodology adopted involves the review of relevant literature and analyses of secondary data. The study established that agriculture has lost its exalted status in Nigeria’s international trade outlook, with the nation being import-dependent. Besides the overdependence on oil, the study highlights critical constraints responsible for the unsatisfactory performance of the agricultural sector. The neglect of agriculture has coincided with a steady increase in poverty levels, accompanied with persisting issues of food insecurity. Prevalence of undernourishment is also positively associated with poverty or deprivation levels. The study recommends among others, renewed efforts towards economic diversification, increased investment and support for the agricultural sector particularly smallholders, as well as the development and long-term implementation of well thought-out agricultural policies. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Makhura Benjamin Rapanyane; Florence Ramasela Sethole Happy Mathew Tirivangasi Abstract: Who would have thought Zimbabweans would ever complain again' Surrounding their grievances around the worst economy and financials, which are beyond repair in a deepened political crisis, continued international economic sanctions, low salaries, and medical crisis together with human rights violations. To make matters worse, Zimbabwean opposition political party leaders such as, Nelson Chamisa, and the former opposition political leader Arthur Mutambara have all in some instances, described President Emmerson Mnangagwa as the worst dictator that is worse than Robert Mugabe. Drawing extensively from this background, this article interrogates the current Zimbabwean economic and financial landscapes. This article is ponderously engaged with the question of whether Mnangagwa was the best Zimbabwe possible savior after Mugabe’s presumed coup d'état' (Overthrow of Mugabe’s government) With a clear attempt at arguing that, electing Mnangagwa made Zimbabwe worse, ground rooting on Afrocentricity as a theoretical framework, to realise this central argument, which also stands to delineate this article’s principal objective. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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Authors:Cleophas Gwakwara; Zwelibanzi Mpehle Ricky Munyaradzi Mukonza Abstract: This article assesses the dilemma that the parliament of Zimbabwe faces in contributing to the formulation and execution of Zimbabwe’s foreign policy. The Constitution of Zimbabwe is clear, stating that “all institutions and agencies of the state and Government at every level are accountable to Parliament”. During the period 2000- 2017, Zimbabwe embarked on high politics in which the executive made vital, high-level impact decisions, which ordinarily should not escape the attention and sanction of parliament, including Zimbabwe’s decision to withdraw from the Commonwealth in 2003. Several scholars portray parliament of Zimbabwe as a weak, if not the poorer and less helpful cousin of the three arms of the State. This tag has been made because of the tilt in balance by the existence of what in many Scholars view, as powerful dominant executive. This article will unravel the structural efficiencies and deficiencies impinging the interface between the two institutions and proffer recommendations for a healthy tension between the two arms of state. PubDate: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
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